Scholars@Duke
Edward C Suarez

Edward C Suarez

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Behavioral Medicine & Neurosciences
edward.suarez@duke.edu
Box 3328 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
490 N Orchid Tree Ln, Palm Springs, CA 92262

Selected Publications

Handbook of Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine

Book · January 1, 2022 Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. It is well recognized that traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease have limited predictive utility in the identification of new cardiovas ... Full text Cite

Inflammation, Atherosclerosis, and Psychological Factors

Chapter · January 1, 2022 Inflammation plays an important role in the etiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease and its most common form, atherosclerosis. The present chapter provides the reader a short synopsis of the role of inflammation in the etiology of atheroscle ... Full text Open Access Cite

Preface

Book · January 1, 2022 Cite

Sex and race differences of cerebrospinal fluid metabolites in healthy individuals.

Journal Article Metabolomics · January 18, 2021 INTRODUCTION: Analyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites in large, healthy samples have been limited and potential demographic moderators of brain metabolism are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: Our objective in this study was to examine sex and race dif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correction to: Low Life Course Socioeconomic Status (SES) Is Associated with Negative NEO PI-R Personality Patterns.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · December 2020 After the publication of the original article, the Editor was notified by Duke University that they have determined the authorship to be incomplete. Consequently, Dr Edward Suarez has been added as a co-author to represent his contribution to the conceptio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Corrigendum to "Details of the original article".

Journal Article Biol Psychol · November 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Erratum: Correction of Authorship.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Mindfulness Meditation Targets Transdiagnostic Symptoms Implicated in Stress-Related Disorders: Understanding Relationships between Changes in Mindfulness, Sleep Quality, and Physical Symptoms.

Journal Article Evid Based Complement Alternat Med · 2018 Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is an 8-week meditation program known to improve anxiety, depression, and psychological well-being. Other health-related effects, such as sleep quality, are less well established, as are the psychological processes ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Interactive models of reactivity: The relationship between hostility and potentially pathogenic physiological responses to social stressors

Chapter · January 1, 2018 The influence of behaviors on the development and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD) is thought to involve both psychosocial and physiological processes. For example, high blood pressure, high serum cholesterol, and cigarette smoking, considered t ... Full text Cite

The Relation of Light-to-Moderate Alcohol Consumption to Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Adults: the Moderating Effects of Depressive Symptom Severity, Adiposity, and Sex.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · December 2017 PURPOSE: We examined the relation of alcohol consumption to glucose metabolism and insulin resistance (IR) as a function of depressive symptoms, adiposity, and sex. METHOD: Healthy adults (aged 18-65 years) provided fasting blood samples and information on ... Full text Link to item Cite

The cortisol:C-reactive protein ratio and negative affect reactivity in depressed adults.

Journal Article Health Psychol · September 2017 OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of the cortisol (CORT) to high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) ratio on stress-induced negative affect (NA) reactivity and whether the association was moderated by depressive symptom severity and gender. The CORT/C ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decreased symptoms of depression after mindfulness-based stress reduction: potential moderating effects of religiosity, spirituality, trait mindfulness, sex, and age.

Journal Article J Altern Complement Med · March 2015 OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a secular meditation training program that reduces depressive symptoms. Little is known, however, about the degree to which a participant's spiritual and religious background, or other demographic cha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Across the Adult Lifespan

Conference The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · March 2015 Full text Cite

Depressogenic vulnerability and gender-specific patterns of neuro-immune dysregulation: What the ratio of cortisol to C-reactive protein can tell us about loss of normal regulatory control.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · February 2015 We examined whether the ratio of cortisol (CORT) to high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), an index that captures the integrity of homeostatic regulation between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and inflammatory processes, is associated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Race differences in the relation of vitamins A, C, E, and β-carotene to metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers.

Journal Article Nutr Res · January 2014 Using archival data, we conducted a secondary analysis to examine race differences in the relation of serum vitamins A, C, E and β-carotene to insulin resistance (IR), fasting insulin and glucose, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and leukocyte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depression inhibits the anti-inflammatory effects of leisure time physical activity and light to moderate alcohol consumption.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · August 2013 Light to moderate alcohol consumption and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) are independently associated with lower levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), a predictor of cardiometabolic risk. In contrast, depression, ranging from low mood ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Association Between Measures of Inflammation and Psychological Factors Associated with an Increased Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Hostility, Anger and Depressed Mood and Symptoms

Chapter · November 21, 2012 Inflammation is acknowledged as a risk factor for the onset and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This has led some to hypothesize that inflammation is a possible mechanism that may mediate, in part, the relation of CVD to factors associated wit ... Full text Cite

Changes in spirituality partly explain health-related quality of life outcomes after Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction.

Journal Article J Behav Med · December 2011 Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction is a secular behavioral medicine program that has roots in meditative spiritual practices. Thus, spirituality may partly explain Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction outcomes. Participants (N = 279; M (SD) age = 45(12); 75% ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cardiovascular and psychological reactivity and recovery from harassment in a biracial sample of high and low hostile men and women.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · March 2011 BACKGROUND: This study emphasizes the importance of studying the emotional, motivational, and cognitive characteristics accompanying and the potential hemodynamic mechanisms underlying cardiovascular reactivity to and recovery from interpersonal conflict. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central nervous system serotonin and clustering of hostility, psychosocial, metabolic, and cardiovascular endophenotypes in men.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · September 2010 OBJECTIVE: To use measures of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) and genotype of a functional polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter (MAOA-uVNTR) to study the role of central nervous system (CNS) serotonin in cluste ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic status moderates the association between John Henryism and NEO PI-R personality domains.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · February 2010 OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between John Henryism (JH) and NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (PI-R) personality domains. JH-a strong behavioral predisposition to engage in high-effort coping with difficult psychosocial and economic stressors-has ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dimensions across measures of dispositional hostility, expressive style, and depression show some variation by race/ethnicity and gender in young adults

Journal Article Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · December 1, 2009 We examined group differences on scale scores and principal components across hostility, assertiveness, and depression measures in 738 young adults (ages 18-30; 66% women; 39% White, 27% black, 25% Asian). on individual scales, men reported greater express ... Full text Cite

Hostility and fasting glucose in African American women.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · July 2009 OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the relationship of hostility (HOST) to fasting glucose indices is moderated by sex and race. HOST has been associated with abnormalities in glucose metabolism. Prior studies suggested that this association may be more prevale ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research: past, present and future.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · July 2009 To date, research suggests that sex and gender impact pathways central to the foci of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI). This review provides a historical perspective on the evolution of sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research. Gender and sexually dimor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress-induced changes in the expression of monocytic beta2-integrins: the impact of arousal of negative affect and adrenergic responses to the Anger Recall Interview.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · February 2009 Adhesion of circulating monocytes to the vascular endothelium is one of the earliest steps in the development of atherosclerosis. This leukocyte-to-endothelium interaction is mediated in part by beta2-integrins, a group of cell adhesion molecules that bind ... Full text Link to item Cite

Self-reported symptoms of sleep disturbance and inflammation, coagulation, insulin resistance and psychosocial distress: evidence for gender disparity.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · August 2008 Self-reported ratings of sleep quality and symptoms of poor sleep have been linked to increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), Type 2 diabetes and hypertension with recent evidence suggesting stronger associations in women. At this time, the mechani ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childhood socioeconomic status and serotonin transporter gene polymorphism enhance cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · January 2008 OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that low socioeconomic status (SES) and the 5HTTLPR L allele are associated with increased cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) to stress in a larger sample and that SES and 5HTTLPR genotypes interact to enhance CVR to stress. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discrimination, dispositions, and cardiovascular responses to stress.

Journal Article Health Psychol · November 2007 OBJECTIVE: Recent research suggests that past exposure to discrimination may influence perceptions of, and physiological responses to, new challenges. The authors examined how race and trait levels of hostility and optimism interact with past exposure to d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility, anger, and depression predict increases in C3 over a 10-year period.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · August 2007 We examined the relation of hostility, anger, and depression to 10-year changes in the third (C3), and fourth (C4) complement in 313, apparently healthy male participants enrolled in the Air Force Health Study (AFHS), a 20-year study designed to evaluate t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increases in stimulated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by blood monocytes following arousal of negative affect: the role of insulin resistance as moderator.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · July 2006 We examined the effect of negative affect on changes in stimulated secretion of cytokines by blood monocytes and determined whether insulin resistance (IR), as indexed by the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA), moderated these associations in 58 healthy m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex differences in the relation of depressive symptoms, hostility, and anger expression to indices of glucose metabolism in nondiabetic adults.

Journal Article Health Psychol · July 2006 This study examined the relation of depressive symptomatology, hostility, and anger expression to indices of glucose metabolism and tested whether gender moderates these associations in a sample of 135 healthy, nondiabetic adults (75 men, 60 women). The se ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relation of free plasma tryptophan to anger, hostility, and aggression in a nonpatient sample of adult men and women.

Journal Article Ann Behav Med · June 2006 BACKGROUND: Dysregulation of central nervous system serotonergic (5-HT) activity is implicated in behavioral states and psychological traits associated with depression and aggression, with some studies suggesting possible gender-related differences. PURPOS ... Full text Link to item Cite

Covariation of psychological attributes and incident coronary heart disease in U.S. Air Force veterans of the Vietnam war.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2006 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the prospective associations of hostility, anger, depression, and anxiety, alone and in combination, to incident coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: Subjects were 2105 men who participat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced expression of cytokines and chemokines by blood monocytes to in vitro lipopolysaccharide stimulation are associated with hostility and severity of depressive symptoms in healthy women.

Journal Article Psychoneuroendocrinology · October 2004 The current study investigated the relation of hostility and severity of depressive symptoms, separately and jointly, to the capacity of blood monocytes to secrete an array of cytokines when stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Subjects were 4 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethnicity, gender, and age effects on adrenoceptors and physiological responses to emotional stress.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · May 2004 We examined the unique and joint effects of ethnicity, gender, and age on cardiovascular and catecholamine responses to the anger recall interview, and beta(2)-adrenergic receptor density and function on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Participants wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

C-reactive protein is associated with psychological risk factors of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy adults.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2004 OBJECTIVE: The current study examined the relation of anger, hostility, and severity of depressive symptoms, alone and in combination, to C-reactive protein (CRP) in healthy men and women. METHODS: A high sensitivity enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Plasma interleukin-6 is associated with psychological coronary risk factors: moderation by use of multivitamin supplements.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · August 2003 The current study examined the relation of plasma IL-6 to anger, hostility, and severity of depressive symptoms as a function of multivitamin supplement use in 96 healthy, nonsmoking men (aged 18-46). Plasma IL-6 was independently associated with anger, ho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serotonin-related gene polymorphisms and central nervous system serotonin function.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · March 2003 Central nervous system (CNS) serotonergic function affects a wide range of biological and behavioral functions affecting health and disease. Our objective in this study was to determine whether functional polymorphisms of the genes that encode for the sero ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility, social support, and adrenergic receptor responsiveness among African-American and white men and women.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2003 OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness and hostility and social support in African American and white men and women. METHODS: The participants were 149 men and women, aged 25 to 45 years with SBP < 160 and D ... Full text Link to item Cite

Joint effect of hostility and severity of depressive symptoms on plasma interleukin-6 concentration.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2003 OBJECTIVE: Although interleukin (IL)-6 plays a significant role in cardiovascular disease, little is known about its relation to psychological risk factors, such as hostility and severity of depressive symptoms. The current study examined the joint effects ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relation of severity of depressive symptoms to monocyte-associated proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in apparently healthy men.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2003 OBJECTIVE: We examined the relation of severity of depressive symptoms to lipopolysaccharide-stimulated expression of monocyte-associated proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in 53 nonsmoking, healthy men. METHODS: Assessments of cytokine and chemokine ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relation of aggression, hostility, and anger to lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha by blood monocytes from normal men.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · December 2002 Aggression, hostility, and anger significantly predict morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). ACVD is believed to be an inflammatory disease characterized by increased expression of a number of proinflammatory cytokines ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central nervous system serotonin function and cardiovascular responses to stress.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2001 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of indices of central nervous system (CNS) serotonin function on cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress. METHODS: Lumbar puncture was performed on 54 healthy volunteers to obtain cerebro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender, hostility & lymphocyte CD62L

Journal Article PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE · January 1, 2001 Link to item Cite

Physiological stress response of the neuroendocrine system during outdoor adventure tasks

Journal Article Journal of Leisure Research · January 1, 2000 Outdoor adventure tasks involve a composite stress of both physical and psychosocial demands. Such compound stressors are not often studied, yet this is the type of stress most often associated with active leisure experiences. The purpose of this study was ... Full text Cite

Relations of trait depression and anxiety to low lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in healthy young adult women.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1999 OBJECTIVE: Recent evidence suggests that naturally occurring low cholesterol concentrations (<4.14 mmol/liter) are associated with depression as well as poor psychological health. For the most part, these associations have been observed in men. The current ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility-related differences in the associations between stress-induced physiological reactivity and lipid concentrations in young healthy women.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · 1999 We examined the relations of fasting lipid levels to stress-induced neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses as a function of hostility in 36 healthy young women. Participants were women who scored above 17 (n = 23) or below 12 (n = 13) on the Cook-Medl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility and adrenergic receptor responsiveness: evidence of reduced beta-receptor responsiveness in high hostile men.

Journal Article J Psychosom Res · February 1998 We examined the relation of Cook and Medley Hostility (Ho) scores to alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness to pharmacological agonists in 22 normotensive and 14 hypertensives (aged 18-34) white males, matched for age and body mass. alpha-Adren ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and emotional responses of hostile men: the role of interpersonal challenge.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1998 OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of hostility and harassment on neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and emotional responses in 52 healthy white men. METHODS: Subjects were preselected on the basis of scores in the top and bottom quartiles (above 23 and below ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relation of hostility to lipids and lipoproteins in women: evidence for the role of antagonistic hostility.

Journal Article Ann Behav Med · 1998 We examined the relation of antagonistic, neurotic, and cynical hostility to lipids and lipoproteins in 77 healthy women (aged 18-26) selected for having high (> 17) or low (< 12) scores on the Cook-Medley Hostility (Ho) scale. Fasting lipids were determin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial correlates of job strain in a sample of working women.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · June 1997 BACKGROUND: This study identifies potential mediators of job strain effects on health by determining whether psychosocial factors known to predict an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality are higher among women who report high le ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential responsivity of monocyte cytokine and adhesion proteins in high- and low-hostile humans.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · 1997 This study tested the general hypothesis that high- and low-hostile respondents would show different patterns of change in monocyte cytokine and adhesion protein (MCAP) expression in response to pharmacologically induced alterations in sympathetic nervous ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between hostility and beta-adrenergic receptor physiology in health young males.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1997 OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between hostility and mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) beta-adrenergic receptor function in a sample of young healthy males. METHOD: Thirty subjects were selected for having scored above 20 (N = 11) and below 14 (N = 19) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality factors differentially predict exercise behavior in men and women.

Journal Article Womens Health · 1997 Personality assessed with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in college was used to predict exercise behavior measured at midlife in 3,630 men and 796 women enrolled in the University of North Carolina Alumni Heart Study. Logistic regre ... Link to item Cite

Relation of mood ratings and neurohormonal responses during daily life in employed women.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · 1997 Diurnal variations in urinary norepinephrine, epinephrine, cortisol, and self-reported mood states were examined in 101 employed women. Urine was collected on 2 consecutive workdays at 3 time periods: (1) overnight, (2) daytime, and (3) evening. Self-repor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress in employed women: impact of marital status and children at home on neurohormone output and home strain.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1997 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biological and psychological effects of role overload, we examined the effects of marital (or partnership) status and parental status (defined as having children at home) on daily excretion of urinary catecholamines and cortisol ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of dietary cholesterol on cardiac and hepatic Beta-adrenergic receptors in egyptian sand rats.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · 1997 We examined the effects of dietary cholesterol on cardiac and hepatic beta-adrenergic receptor functioning. Age-matched adult desert rodents (Psammomys obesus) were randomized to either a 5% cholesterol diet (CD, n = 20), or normal rabbit chow (RC, n = 18) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cardiovascular reactivity among hostile men and women: the effects of sex and anger suppression.

Journal Article Womens Health · 1997 This study examined cardiovascular reactivity differences among hostile men and women. Sixty-four individuals (33 women 31 men; M = 19.9 years of age) were selected from a sample of 105 volunteers based on their Cook-Medley Hostility Scale scores (Cook & M ... Link to item Cite

INCREASED DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER LIPIDS

Journal Article PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE · January 1, 1995 Link to item Cite

NEUROENDOCRINE RESPONSES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LIPIDS IN HOSTILE WOMEN

Journal Article PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE · January 1, 1995 Link to item Cite

Cardiovascular and emotional responses in women: the role of hostility and harassment.

Journal Article Health Psychol · November 1993 The relation of hostility and harassment to cardiovascular and emotional responses was examined by having 51 women (ages 18-26) high and low in hostility complete a task with or without harassment. Harassed high hostile Ss showed greater systolic blood pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ambulatory blood pressure responses during daily life in high and low hostile patients with a recent myocardial infarction

Journal Article Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · January 1, 1991 This study examined cardiovascular (CV) responses during daily activities among patients with myocardial infarction (MI) with high and low scores on the Cook-Medley hostility (Ho) questionnaire. Ambulatory recordings of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure ( ... Full text Cite

Biobehavioral basis of coronary-prone behavior in middle-age men. Part II: Serum cholesterol, the Type A behavior pattern, and hostility as interactive modulators of physiological reactivity.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1991 Prior research suggests that the Type A behavior pattern, Cook and Medley Hostility (Ho) scores, and Total Serum Cholesterol (TSC) are positively associated with physiological changes to behavioral stressors. The objective of the present study was to deter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biobehavioral basis of coronary-prone behavior in middle-aged men. Part I: Evidence for chronic SNS activation in Type As.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1991 In previous research using young male subjects, the Type A behavior pattern was linked with cardiovascular and neurohormonal hyperresponsivity to laboratory stressors. The main objective of the present study was to determine whether the positive associatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationships between dimensions of hostility and cardiovascular reactivity as a function of task characteristics.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1990 The present study examined the independent relationships between dimensions of hostility and cardiovascular responses to a laboratory task with and without harassment. Fifty-three males, aged 18 to 26, with a negative parental history of cardiovascular dis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Situational determinants of cardiovascular and emotional reactivity in high and low hostile men.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1989 Various epidemiologic studies have found that high scores on the Cook and Medley Hostility (Ho) scale are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), severity of atherosclerosis, and all-cause mortality. One plausible biological mechani ... Full text Link to item Cite

BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF CORONARY-PRONE BEHAVIOR IN MIDDLE-AGED MEN

Journal Article PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE · March 1, 1988 Link to item Cite

Predicting Math Anxiety and Course Performance in College Women and Men

Journal Article Journal of Counseling Psychology · April 1, 1985 The ability of the construct mathematics anxiety to predict grades in an introductory algebra course was investigated in a sample of 112 college women and 72 college men. In addition, the relation between math anxiety and selected personality and attitude ... Full text Cite

The type A behavior pattern, physical fitness, and psychophysiological reactivity.

Journal Article Health Psychol · 1985 Joint effects of the Type A behavior pattern and aerobic fitness were examined with regard to heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) changes elicited by laboratory challenges. Sixty-one college students were classified as Type A or B using the Structured ... Full text Link to item Cite