Felipe De Brigard | Scholars@Duke

Felipe De Brigard
Fuchsberg-Levine Family Associate Professor

Most of my research focuses on the way in which memory and imagination interact. So far, I have explored ways in which episodic memory both guides and constrains episodic counterfactual thinking (i.e., thoughts about alternative ways in which past personal events could have occurred), and how this interaction affects the perceived plausibility of imagined counterfactual events. I also explore the differential contribution of episodic and semantic memory in the generation of different kinds of counterfactual simulations, as well as the effect of counterfactual thinking on the memories they derive from. In addition, my research attempts to understand how prior experience helps to constrain the way in which we reconstruct episodic memories. Finally, I am also interested in the role of internal attention during conscious recollection. To address these issues I use behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques, as well as the conceptual rigor of philosophical analysis.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Fuchsberg-Levine Family Associate Professor, Philosophy, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2019 - 2024
Associate Professor of Philosophy, Philosophy, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2019
Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2016
Member of the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences 2013
Associate of the Duke Initiative for Science & Society, Duke Science & Society, Initiatives 2017

Contact Information

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Post Doctoral Fellow, Philosophy, Harvard University 2011 - 2013
- Ph.D., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2011
- Visiting Instructor, Philosophy, Elon University 2009 - 2010
- M.A., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2007
- M.A., Tufts University 2005
- A.B., Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Colombia) 2002
Duke Appointment History
- Assistant Professor in the Department of Philosophy, Philosophy, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2013 - 2019
- Investigator in the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, University Institutes and Centers 2013 - 2017
Recognition
In the News
- AUG 8, 2019 Duke Research Blog
  
  How Do Our Sins Shape Who We Become Afterwards?
- JUL 11, 2019 Duke Research Blog
  
  Are People Stuck With Their Political Views?
- MAY 7, 2019
  
  Duke Adds 21 Faculty to Distinguished Faculty Rank
- JAN 6, 2016 Duke Research Blog
  
  Where Memory Ends and Imagination Takes Over
- MAR 30, 2015 Duke Research Blog
  
  Imagining Alternate Realities: Is Brian Williams in the Clear?
- OCT 27, 2014
  
  A Marriage of Philosophy and Neuroscience
- OCT 27, 2014
  
  Felipe De Brigard: The purpose of memory and imagination
Research
Selected Grants
- Summer Seminars in Neuroscience and Philosophy ["SSNAP2"] 2020 - 2023
- Effects of Aging on Episodic Memory-Dependent Decision Making awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- Counterfactual Simulation and Omissive Causation awarded by Office of Naval Research 2017 - 2020
- Summer Seminars in Neuroscience and Philosophy (SSNAP) awarded by John Templeton Foundation 2016 - 2020
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Books
  - Muñoz-Suárez, C., F. de Brigard, and D. Daniel. Content and consciousness revisited, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17374-0.
    Full Text
  - Montañés, Patricia, and F. De Brigard. Neuropsicologia clinica y cognoscitiva. Univ. Nacional de Colombia, 2001.
    Link to Item
- Academic Articles
  - Faul, Leonard, Peggy L. St Jacques, Jacqueline T. DeRosa, Natasha Parikh, and Felipe De Brigard. “Differential contribution of anterior and posterior midline regions during mental simulation of counterfactual and perspective shifts in autobiographical memories.” Neuroimage 215 (April 11, 2020): 116843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116843.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, Stephanie Langella, Mathew L. Stanley, Alan D. Castel, and Kelly S. Giovanello. “Age-related differences in recognition in associative memory.” Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition 27, no. 2 (March 2020): 289–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2019.1607820.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, Matthew L., Alisa Bedrov, Roberto Cabeza, and Felipe De Brigard. “The centrality of remembered moral and immoral actions in constructing personal identity.” Memory (Hove, England) 28, no. 2 (February 2020): 278–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1708952.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F., B. Gessell, B. W. Yang, G. Stewart, and E. J. Marsh. “Remembering Possible Times: Memory for Details of Past, Future, and Counterfactual Simulations.” Psychology of Consciousness: Theory Research, and Practice, January 1, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000220.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, and Kevin O’Neill. “Two challenges for a dual system approach to temporal cognition.” The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 42 (December 12, 2019): e247. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x19000645.
    Full Text
  - Henne, Paul, Laura Niemi, Ángel Pinillos, Felipe De Brigard, and Joshua Knobe. “A counterfactual explanation for the action effect in causal judgment.” Cognition 190 (September 2019): 157–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2019.05.006.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, M. L., and F. De Brigard. “Moral Memories and the Belief in the Good Self.” Current Directions in Psychological Science 28, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 387–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721419847990.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, Eleanor Hanna, Peggy L. St Jacques, and Daniel L. Schacter. “How thinking about what could have been affects how we feel about what was.” Cognition & Emotion 33, no. 4 (June 2019): 646–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2018.1478280.
    Full Text
  - Murray, S., E. D. Murray, G. Stewart, W. Sinnott-Armstrong, and F. De Brigard. “Responsibility for forgetting.” Philosophical Studies 176, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 1177–1201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-018-1053-3.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, Matthew L., Paul Henne, and Felipe De Brigard. “Remembering moral and immoral actions in constructing the self.” Memory & Cognition 47, no. 3 (April 2019): 441–54. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0880-y.
    Full Text
  - Henne, P., J. Semler, V. Chituc, F. De Brigard, and W. Sinnott-Armstrong. “Against Some Recent Arguments for ‘Ought’ Implies ‘Can’: Reasons, Deliberation, Trying, and Furniture.” Philosophia (United States) 47, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 131–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11406-017-9944-7.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F., and N. Parikh. “Episodic Counterfactual Thinking.” Current Directions in Psychological Science 28, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 59–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418806512.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “Know-how, intellectualism, and memory systems.” Philosophical Psychology 32, no. 5 (January 1, 2019): 719–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2019.1607280.
    Full Text
  - Pavese, C., and F. De Brigard. “Editor’s introduction.” Philosophical Psychology 32, no. 5 (January 1, 2019): 585–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2019.1607964.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, M. L., B. Gessell, and F. De Brigard. “Network modularity as a foundation for neural reuse.” Philosophy of Science 86, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 23–46. https://doi.org/10.1086/701037.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, M. L., P. Henne, B. W. Yang, and F. De Brigard. “Resistance to Position Change, Motivated Reasoning, and Polarization.” Political Behavior, January 1, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-019-09526-z.
    Full Text
  - Parikh, Natasha, Luka Ruzic, Gregory W. Stewart, R Nathan Spreng, and Felipe De Brigard. “What if? Neural activity underlying semantic and episodic counterfactual thinking.” Neuroimage 178 (September 2018): 332–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.053.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, Matthew L., Ashley M. Dougherty, Brenda W. Yang, Paul Henne, and Felipe De Brigard. “Reasons probably won't change your mind: The role of reasons in revising moral decisions.” Journal of Experimental Psychology. General 147, no. 7 (July 2018): 962–87. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000368.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, Matthew L., Brenda W. Yang, and Felipe De Brigard. “No evidence for unethical amnesia for imagined actions: A failed replication and extension.” Memory & Cognition 46, no. 5 (July 2018): 787–95. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0803-y.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F., and W. J. Brady. “Correction to: The Effect of What We Think may Happen on our Judgments of Responsibility (Review of Philosophy and Psychology, (2013), 4, 2, (259-269), 10.1007/s13164-013-0133-8).” Review of Philosophy and Psychology 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 447. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-018-0389-0.
    Full Text
  - De Freitas, Julian, Hagop Sarkissian, George E. Newman, Igor Grossmann, Felipe De Brigard, Andres Luco, and Joshua Knobe. “Consistent Belief in a Good True Self in Misanthropes and Three Interdependent Cultures.” Cognitive Science 42 Suppl 1 (May 2018): 134–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12505.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, and Bryce Gessell. “Why episodic memory may not be for communication.” The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 41 (January 2018): e8. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x17001303.
    Full Text
  - Gessell, B., and F. De Brigard. “The discontinuity of levels in cognitive science.” Teorema 37, no. 3 (January 1, 2018): 151–65.
  - De Brigard, Felipe, Natasha Parikh, Gregory W. Stewart, Karl K. Szpunar, and Daniel L. Schacter. “Neural activity associated with repetitive simulation of episodic counterfactual thoughts.” Neuropsychologia 106 (November 2017): 123–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.09.022.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, Matthew L., Paul Henne, Vijeth Iyengar, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, and Felipe De Brigard. “I'm not the person I used to be: The self and autobiographical memories of immoral actions.” Journal of Experimental Psychology. General 146, no. 6 (June 2017): 884–95. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000317.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “Cognitive systems and the changing brain.” Philosophical Explorations 20, no. 2 (May 4, 2017): 224–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/13869795.2017.1312503.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, Diana Carolina Rodriguez, and Patricia Montañés. “Exploring the experience of episodic past, future, and counterfactual thinking in younger and older adults: A study of a Colombian sample.” Consciousness and Cognition 51 (May 2017): 258–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2017.04.007.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, Matthew L., Gregory W. Stewart, and Felipe De Brigard. “Counterfactual Plausibility and Comparative Similarity.” Cognitive Science 41 Suppl 5 (May 2017): 1216–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12451.
    Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Henne, P., Á. Pinillos, and F. De Brigard. “Cause by Omission and Norm: Not Watering Plants.” Australasian Journal of Philosophy 95, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 270–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2016.1182567.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, Matthew L., Natasha Parikh, Gregory W. Stewart, and Felipe De Brigard. “Emotional intensity in episodic autobiographical memory and counterfactual thinking.” Consciousness and Cognition 48 (February 2017): 283–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2016.12.013.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “Responsibility and the relevance of alternative future possibilities.” Teoria 37, no. 2 (January 1, 2017): 25–35.
  - De Brigard, Felipe, Timothy F. Brady, Luka Ruzic, and Daniel L. Schacter. “Tracking the emergence of memories: A category-learning paradigm to explore schema-driven recognition.” Memory & Cognition 45, no. 1 (January 2017): 105–20. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0643-6.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, Kelly S. Giovanello, Gregory W. Stewart, Amber W. Lockrow, Margaret M. O’Brien, and R Nathan Spreng. “Characterizing the subjective experience of episodic past, future, and counterfactual thinking in healthy younger and older adults.” Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006) 69, no. 12 (December 2016): 2358–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1115529.
    Full Text
  - Chituc, Vladimir, Paul Henne, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, and Felipe De Brigard. “Blame, not ability, impacts moral "ought" judgments for impossible actions: Toward an empirical refutation of "ought" implies "can".” Cognition 150 (May 2016): 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.01.013.
    Full Text
  - Henne, P., V. Chituc, F. De Brigard, and W. Sinnott-Armstrong. “An Empirical Refutation of 'Ought' Implies 'Can'.” Analysis (United Kingdom) 76, no. 3 (January 1, 2016): 283–90. https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/anw041.
    Full Text
  - Stanley, Matthew L., and Felipe De Brigard. “Modularity in network neuroscience and neural reuse.” The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39 (January 2016): e133. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x15001673.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “Consciousness and moral responsibility.” Analysis (United Kingdom) 75, no. 4 (October 1, 2015): 661–67. https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/anv012.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, R. Nathan Spreng, Jason P. Mitchell, and Daniel L. Schacter. “Neural activity associated with self, other, and object-based counterfactual thinking.” Neuroimage 109 (April 2015): 12–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.12.075.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe. “Book review: Involuntary autobiographical memories: An introduction to the unbidden past.” Memory Studies 8, no. 2 (April 2015): 255–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750698014534786.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, and Eleanor Hanna. “Clinical applications of counterfactual thinking during memory reactivation.” The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 38 (January 2015): e5. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x14000351.
    Full Text
  - Schacter, Daniel L., Roland G. Benoit, Felipe De Brigard, and Karl K. Szpunar. “Episodic future thinking and episodic counterfactual thinking: intersections between memory and decisions.” Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 117 (January 2015): 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.12.008.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “In defence of the self-stultification objection.” Journal of Consciousness Studies 21, no. 5–6 (May 1, 2014): 120–30.
  - De Brigard, F. “Is memory for remembering? Recollection as a form of episodic hypothetical thinking.” Synthese 191, no. 2 (January 1, 2014): 155–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-013-0247-7.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “The nature of memory traces.” Philosophy Compass 9, no. 6 (January 1, 2014): 402–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12133.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F., D. R. Addis, J. H. Ford, D. L. Schacter, and K. S. Giovanello. “Remembering what could have happened: neural correlates of episodic counterfactual thinking.” Neuropsychologia 51, no. 12 (October 2013): 2401–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.01.015.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, Karl K. Szpunar, and Daniel L. Schacter. “Coming to grips with the past: effect of repeated simulation on the perceived plausibility of episodic counterfactual thoughts.” Psychological Science 24, no. 7 (July 2013): 1329–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612468163.
    Full Text
  - Acevedo-Triana, C., P. Fernando Cardenas, and F. de Brigard. “Finding memory: Interview with Daniel L. Schacter.” Universitas Psychologica 12, no. 5 (January 1, 2013): 1605–10. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.UPSY12-5.fmid.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “Review of “Involuntary Autobiographical Memories”. Dorthe Berntsen. (Cambridge University Press. 2009).” Memory Studies, 2013.
  - De Brigard, F., and W. J. Brady. “The Effect of What We Think may Happen on our Judgments of Responsibility.” Review of Philosophy and Psychology 4, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 259–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-013-0133-8.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe. “Attention is Cognitive Unison: An Essay in Philosophical Psychology.” Journal of Consciousness Studies 20, no. 1–2 (January 1, 2013): 239–47.
    Link to Item
  - De Brigard, Felipe, and Kelly S. Giovanello. “Influence of outcome valence in the subjective experience of episodic past, future, and counterfactual thinking.” Consciousness and Cognition 21, no. 3 (September 2012): 1085–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2012.06.007.
    Full Text
  - Giovanello, Kelly S., Felipe De Brigard, Jaclyn Hennessey Ford, Daniel I. Kaufer, James R. Burke, Jeffrey N. Browndyke, and Kathleen A. Welsh-Bohmer. “Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging changes during relational retrieval in normal aging and amnestic mild cognitive impairment.” J Int Neuropsychol Soc 18, no. 5 (September 2012): 886–97. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617712000689.
    Full Text Link to Item
  - De Brigard, Felipe. “Predictive memory and the surprising gap.” Frontiers in Psychology 3 (January 2012): 420. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00420.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe. “The role of attention in conscious recollection.” Frontiers in Psychology 3 (January 2012): 29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00029.
    Full Text
  - Brigard, F. de. “Consciousness, attention and commonsense.” Journal of Consciousness Studies 17, no. 9–10 (October 22, 2010): 189–201.
  - Sarkissian, H., A. Chatterjee, F. De brigard, J. Knobe, S. Nichols, and S. Sirker. “Is belief in free will a cultural universal?” Mind and Language 25, no. 3 (June 1, 2010): 346–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0017.2010.01393.x.
    Full Text
  - Brigard, F. de. “If you like it, does it matter if it's real?” Philosophical Psychology 23, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515080903532290.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe, and Jesse Prinz. “Attention and consciousness.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.27.
    Full Text
  - Brigard, F. de, E. Mandelbaum, and D. Ripley. “Responsibility and the brain sciences.” Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 12, no. 5 (November 1, 2009): 511–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10677-008-9143-5.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, Felipe. “Review of The Origins of Meaning: Language in the Light of Evolution.” Philosophical Psychology 22, no. 4 (August 2009): 529–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515080903157924.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “Comentario crítico a “Las dificultades del compatibilismo de Dennett”de José Antonio Guerrero del Amo.” Ideas Y Valores: Revista Colombiana De Filosofía 58, no. 141 (2009): 262–68.
  - De Brigard, F. “En busca de la mente cerebral. Del alma al software 2.” Revista Colombiana De Psiquiatría 32, no. 4 (2003): 373–90.
  - De Brigard, F. “In defense of the self-stultification objection.” Journal of Consciousness Studies: Controversies in Science and the Humanities 21, no. 5/6 (n.d.): 120–30.
  - De Brigard, F. “Review of “Attention is Cognitive Unison”. Christopher Mole. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).” Journal of Consciousness Studies: Controversies in Science and the Humanities 20, no. 1/2 (n.d.): 239–47.
  - De Brigard, F. “Attention, Consciousness, and Commonsense.” Journal of Consciousness Studies: Controversies in Science and the Humanities 17, no. 9/10 (n.d.): 189–201.
  - De Brigard, F. “Capas limítrofes y dominios de evidencia en ciencia cognitiva.” Universitas Philosophica 45 (n.d.): 53–77.
    Link to Item
  - De Brigard, F. “El advenimiento de la metáfora mente-computador. Del alma al software 3.” Revista Colombiana De Psiquiatría 33, no. 1 (n.d.): 64–85.
  - De Brigard, F. “Eliminando el fantasma de la máquina. Del alma al software 1.” Revista Colombiana De Psiquiatría 32, no. 2 (n.d.): 175–92.
- Book Sections
  - De Brigard, F. “Memory and the intentional stance.” In The Philosophy of Daniel Dennett, 62–91, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199367511.003.0005.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “Memory, attention, and joint reminiscing.” In New Directions in the Philosophy of Memory, 200–220, 2018. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315159591.
    Full Text
  - De Brigard, F. “Memory and imagination.” In The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Memory, 127–40, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315687315.
    Full Text
  - Banerjee, S., J. Cox, F. De Brigard, and F. et. al. “The significance of cognitive neuroscience: Findings, applications and challenges.” In The Cognitive Neuroscience V, edited by R. Mangum and M. Gazzaniga, 1071–78. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014.
  - De Brigard, F. “What was I thinking? Dennett’s Content and Consciousness and the reality of propositional attitudes.” In Content and Consciousness Revisited, edited by C. M. Muñoz-Suárez and F. De Brigard. Springer, 2013.
  - De Brigard, F., K. S. Giovanello, and D. Kaufer. “Neuroanatomy of Memory.” In Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, edited by D. B. Arcinegas, C. A. Anderson, and C. M. Filley. Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2013.
  - St Jacques, P., and F. De Brigard. “Neural correlates of autobiographical memory: Methodological Considerations.” In The Handbook on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory., edited by A. Durte, M. Barense, and D. Addis. Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
  - De Brigard, F. “Memoria, neurociencia y educación.” In La Pizarra de Babel: Puentes Entre Neurociencia, Psicologia y Educación, edited by S. Lipina and M. Sigman, 179–94. Buenos Aires: Libros del Zorzal, n.d.
- Other Articles
  - De Brigard, F. “The Anatomy of Amnesia.” Scientific American Mind, 2014.
  - De Brigard, F. “The New Paideia.” 3:Am Magazine, 2014.
  - De Brigard, F. “Estados Unidos: Entre ilusiones y prejuicios.” Revista Javeriana, 2005.
  - De Brigard, F. “Finding Memory: Interview with Daniel L. Schacter.” Universitas Psychologica. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, n.d.
Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
Scholarly, Clinical, & Service Activities
Presentations & Appearances
Outreach & Engaged Scholarship
- Bass Connections Faculty Team Leader. Remember Why You Should Do It? Memory and Reasons in Moral Decision-making. 2018 - 2019 2018 - 2019

Some information on this profile has been compiled automatically from Duke databases and external sources. (Our About page explains how this works.) If you see a problem with the information, please write to Scholars@Duke and let us know. We will reply promptly.

Education, Training, & Certifications

Duke Appointment History

In the News

Selected Grants

Selected Publications

Books

Academic Articles

Book Sections

Other Articles

Recent Courses

Presentations & Appearances

Outreach & Engaged Scholarship