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Fan Li

Professor of Statistical Science
Statistical Science
Box 90251, Durham, NC 27708-0251
122 Old Chem Bldg, Durham, NC 27708

Research Interests


My current research interests are four fold. First, I am developing statistical methods to incorporate causal inference techniques into the design and analysis of clinical trials or generally randomized experiments, e.g. constructing external controls of clinical trials from real world data, best practice of covariate adjustment in randomized trials. Second, I am exploring the interface between causal inference and machine learning, e.g. how to borrow insights from causal inference into fundamental problems in machine learning such as measuring feature importance. Third, I am investigating how to analyze natural experiments with complex data. Fourth, I am developing computational and software tools to bridge the theory and practice of causal inference (aka comparative effectiveness research).    

Selected Grants


Deprescribing Decision-Making using Machine Learning Individualized Treatment Rules to Improve CNS Polypharmacy

ResearchCo Investigator · Awarded by National Institutes of Health · 2024 - 2029

Principal stratification methods and software for intercurrent events in clinical trials

ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill · 2023 - 2028

Innovative Biostatistical Methods for Analysis and Assessment of Clinical Trials Augmented by Real World Data

ResearchCo Investigator · Awarded by Burroughs Wellcome Fund · 2021 - 2026

The biodemography of early adversity: social behavioral processes in a wild animal model.

ResearchCo-Principal Investigator · Awarded by National Institutes of Health · 2018 - 2024

Religion, Spirituality and CVD Risks: A Focus on African Americans

ResearchStatistician · Awarded by National Institutes of Health · 2017 - 2024

New causal inference methods for cluster randomized trials with post-randomization selection

ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute · 2020 - 2024

Addressing Bias from Missing Data in EHR Based Studies of CVD

ResearchCollaborator · Awarded by National Institutes of Health · 2018 - 2023

A life course perspective on the effects of cumulative early adversity on health

ResearchCo-Principal Investigator · Awarded by University of Notre Dame · 2017 - 2023

Prospective Multicenter Observational Cohort Study of Comparative Effectiveness of Disease-Modifying Treatments for Myasthenia Gravis (MG)

Clinical TrialStatistical Investigator · Awarded by Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute · 2017 - 2022

Methods for the Design and Conduct of Subgroup Analysis in Observational Studies

ResearchCo Investigator · Awarded by Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute · 2019 - 2022

New weighting methods for causal inference

ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by National Science Foundation · 2014 - 2017

NCRN-MN:Triangle Census Research Network

ResearchCo Investigator · Awarded by National Science Foundation · 2011 - 2016

Collaborative Research: Statistical Modeling and Inference for High-dimensional Multi-Subject Neuroimaging Data

ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by National Science Foundation · 2012 - 2015

Bayesian multivariate analysis for causal inference with intermediate variable

ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by National Science Foundation · 2012 - 2015

Fellowships, Gifts, and Supported Research


Seed Grant: Duke’s Society of Women in Science · 2023 - 2024 PI · Awarded by: Duke Office for Faculty Advancement

External Relationships


  • Columbia University
  • GSK
  • North Carolina Department of Justice
  • VHB

This faculty member (or a member of their immediate family) has reported outside activities with the companies, institutions, or organizations listed above. This information is available to institutional leadership and, when appropriate, management plans are in place to address potential conflicts of interest.