Laurence R. Helfer

Harry R. Chadwick, Sr. Distinguished Professor of Law

helfer@law.duke.edu

Duke Law School Room 3184, Duke Box 90362, Durham, NC 27708-0360

Duke Law School 210 Science Dr, Duke Box 90362, Durham, NC 27708

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Credentials
1. Education

Academic Experience
1. Current Appointments & Affiliations

Expertise
1. Global Scholarship

Research
1. External Relationships

Publications
1. Selected Publications

Artistic Works / Events

Teaching
1. Recent Courses

Advising & Mentoring

Recognition
1. In the News

Professional Activities

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Selected Publications

Human Rights Litigation Before Sub-Regional Courts in East and West Africa

Chapter · 2024 Link to item Cite

Automating International Human Rights Adjudication

Journal Article Michigan Journal of International Law · 2024 Link to item Cite

State Silence in the European Human Rights System

Chapter · 2023 Cite

Treaty Withdrawals in a Turbulent World: A Retrospective on Exiting Treaties

Chapter · 2023 Link to item Cite

The Marrakesh Treaty: Using the Tools of Intellectual Property Law to Advance Human Rights

Chapter · 2023 Link to item Cite

The Meta Oversight Board's Human Rights Future

Journal Article Cardozo Law Review · 2023 Link to item Cite

Contesting Sexual Orientation Rights Before the ECtHR

Chapter · 2023 Link to item Cite

Revisiting Human Rights Treaty Withdrawals

Journal Article · 2023 Cite

Flexible Institution Building in the International Anti-Corruption Regime: Proposing a Transnational Asset Recovery Mechanism

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 2023 Link to item Cite

Increasing Compliance with International Pandemic Law: International Relations and New Global Health Agreements

Journal Article The Lancet · 2023 Link to item Cite

Book Reviews

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 2022 Cite

LGBT Rights as Mega-Politics: Litigating Before the ECtHR

Journal Article Law and Contemporary Problems · 2022 Link to item Cite

Russia and the European Human Rights System: Doing the Right Thing … but for the Right Legal Reason?

Other EJIL:Talk! · 2022 Cite

Value Pluralism and Human Rights in Content Moderation

Other Lawfare · 2022 Cite

The Gender of Treaty Withdrawal: Lessons From the Istanbul Convention

Other EJIL: Talk! · 2022 Cite

Walking Back Human Rights in Europe

Other Judicature International · 2022 Cite

Ebb and Flow

Other Judicature International · 2022 Cite

Toward Recognizing an International Human Right to Claim Innocence

Other Judicature International · 2022 Cite

Contesting LGBT Rights Before Supranational Courts: Evidence From Third Party Submissions to the ECtHR

Chapter · 2021 Cite

Rethinking Derogations from Human Rights Treaties

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 2021 Link to item Cite

Closing International Law's Innocence Gap

Journal Article Southern California Law Review · 2021 Link to item Cite

Walking Back Dissents on the European Court of Human Rights: A Rejoinder to Alec Stone Sweet, Wayne Sandholtz and Mads Andenas

Journal Article European Journal of International Law · 2021 Link to item Cite

Is the Facebook Oversight Board an International Human Rights Tribunal?

Other Lawfare · 2021 Cite

Repensando as derrogações aos tratados de direitos humanos

Journal Article Revista Brasileira de Políticas Públicas · 2021 Link to item Cite

¿El retroceso de los derechos humanos en Europa?

Journal Article Revista Jurídica Austral · 2021 Link to item Cite

Populism and International Human Rights Law Institutions: A Survival Guide

Journal Article · 2020 Link to item Cite

Terminating Treaties

Chapter · 2020 Cite

The New Innovation Frontier Revisited: Intellectual Property and the European Court of Human Rights

Chapter · 2020 Link to item Cite

Copyright Exceptions Across Borders: Implementing the Marrakesh Treaty

Journal Article European Intellectual Property Review · 2020 Link to item Cite

Walking Back Human Rights in Europe?

Journal Article European Journal of International Law · 2020 Link to item Cite

Introduction to “The International Legal Order and the Global Pandemic”

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 2020 Link to item Cite

Treaty Exit and Intra-Branch Conflict at the Interface of International and Domestic Law

Journal Article · 2019 Cite

Theorizing the Judicialization of International Relations

Journal Article International Studies Quarterly · 2019 Link to item Cite

Pushback Against Supervisory Systems: Lessons for the ILO from International Human Rights Institutions

Journal Article · 2019 Link to item Cite

Taking Stock of Three Generations of Research on Treaty Exit

Journal Article Israel Law review · 2019 Cite

Introduction to the Symposium on Transnational Futures of International Labor Law

Journal Article AJIL Unbound · 2019 Link to item Cite

The ILO at 100: Institutional Innovation in an Era of Populism

Journal Article AJIL Unbound · 2019 Link to item Cite

Sub-regional Courts in Africa: Litigating the Hybrid Right to Free Movement of Persons

Journal Article International Journal of Constitutional Law · 2018 Link to item Cite

International Court Authority

Book · 2018 Link to item Cite

The Authority of the Andean Tribunal of Justice within a Diminishing Regional Integration Project

Chapter · 2018 Cite

Human Rights and Intellectual Property: Mapping an Evolving and Contested Relationship

Chapter · 2018 Link to item Cite

International Court Authority in a Complex World

Chapter · 2018 Cite

How Context Shapes the Authority of International Courts

Chapter · 2018 Cite

The Andean Tribunal of Justice: From Washington Consensus to Regional Crisis

Chapter · 2018 Cite

International Court Authority in Question: Introduction to Part III

Chapter · 2018 Cite

Conclusion: Context, Authority, Power

Chapter · 2018 Cite

Transplanting International Courts: The Law and Politics of the Andean Tribunal of Justice

Book · 2017 Link to item Cite

The World Blind Union Guide to the Marrakesh Treaty: Facilitating Access to Books for Print-Disabled Individuals

Book · 2017 Link to item Cite

Opposing International Justice: Kenya's Integrated Backlash Strategy Against the ICC

Journal Article International Criminal Law Review · 2017 Link to item Cite

The Brexit Decision and Its Implications for U.S. Debates Over Treaty Withdrawal

Other Lawfare · 2017 Cite

Treaty Exit in the United States: Insights from the United Kingdom or South Africa?

Journal Article AJIL Unbound · 2017 Link to item Cite

Introduction to Symposium on Treaty Exit at the Interface of Domestic and International Law

Journal Article AJIL Unbound · 2017 Link to item Cite

The Evolution of Codification: A Principal-Agent Theory of the International Law Commission's Influence

Journal Article · 2016 Link to item Cite

Customary International Law: An Instrument Choice Perspective

Journal Article Michigan Journal of International Law · 2016 Link to item Cite

Backlash Against International Courts in West, East, and Southern Africa: Causes and Consequences

Journal Article European Journal of International Law · 2016 Link to item Cite

How Context Shapes the Authority of International Courts

Journal Article Law & Contemporary Problems · 2016 Link to item Cite

Collective Management of Copyright and Human Rights: An Uneasy Alliance Revisited

Chapter · 2016 Cite

The Judicialization of International Relations

Journal Article · 2016 Cite

Can Greece be Expelled from the Eurozone? Toward a Default Rule on Expulsion from International Organizations

Journal Article · 2016 Link to item Cite

Avoiding a Rush to Exit -- Article 50 and the UK's Withdrawal from the EU

Other Opinio Juris · 2016 Cite

The Authority of International Courts

Chapter · 2016 Cite

The Law and Politics of the Andean Tribunal of Justice

Book · 2015 Cite

Pharmaceutical Patents and the Human Right to Health: The Contested Evolution of the Transnational Legal Order on Access to Medicines

Chapter · 2015 Link to item Cite

Mapping the Interface Between Human Rights and Intellectual Property

Chapter · 2015 Link to item Cite

Kenya’s Backlash Against the International Criminal Court: Strategies and Consequences

Journal Article · 2015 Cite

African Sub-regional Courts and Human Rights: Access, Interpretation and Remedies

Journal Article · 2015 Cite

Backlash Against International Courts in West, East and Southern Africa

Journal Article Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting · 2015 Cite

International Courts as Agents of Legal Change: Evidence from LGBT Rights in Europe

Journal Article International Organization · 2014 Link to item Cite

The Influence of the Andean Intellectual Property Regime on Access to Medicines in Latin America

Chapter · 2014 Link to item Cite

The Effectiveness of International Adjudicators

Chapter · 2014 Link to item Cite

The Successes and Challenges for the European Court, Seen From the Outside

Report · 2014 Link to item Cite

The Successes and Challenges for the European Court, Seen from the Outside

Chapter · 2014 Cite

A New International Human Rights Court for West Africa: The ECOWAS Community Court of Justice

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 2013 Link to item Cite

Legitimacy and Lawmaking: A Tale of Three International Courts

Journal Article Theoretical Inquiries in Law · 2013 Link to item Cite

Designing Adjudicatory Systems for International Economic Agreements

Journal Article · 2013 Cite

Flexibility in International Agreements

Chapter · 2013 Link to item Cite

Intellectual Property and Human Rights: A Research Collection

Book · 2013 Link to item Cite

The Burdens and Benefits of Brighton

Journal Article ESIL Reflections · 2012 Link to item Cite

Terminating Treaties

Chapter · 2012 Link to item Cite

Transplanting the European Court of Justice: The Experience of the Andean Tribunal of Justice

Journal Article American Journal of Comparative Law · 2012 Link to item Cite

Human Rights and Intellectual Property: Mapping the Global Interface

Book · 2011 Link to item Cite

Emergency and Escape: Explaining Derogations from Human Rights Treaties

Journal Article International Organization · 2011 Link to item Cite

Legal Integration in the Andes: Law-making by the Andean Tribunal of Justice

Journal Article European Law Journal · 2011 Link to item Cite

International Law and the U.S. Common Law of Foreign Official Immunity

Journal Article Supreme Court Review · 2011 Link to item Cite

Exiting Custom: Analogies to Treaty Withdrawals

Journal Article Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law · 2010 Link to item Cite

Collective Management of Copyrights and Human Rights: An Uneasy Alliance Revisited

Chapter · 2010 Link to item Cite

Nature or Nurture? Judicial Lawmaking in the European Court of Justice and the Andean Tribunal of Justice

Journal Article International Organization · 2010 Open Access Link to item Cite

The Andean Tribunal of Justice and its Interlocutors: Understanding Preliminary Reference Patterns in the Andean Community

Journal Article New York University Journal of International Law & Politics · 2009 Link to item Cite

Human Rights

Book · 2009 Link to item Cite

Regime Shifting in the International Intellectual Property System

Journal Article Perspectives: Teaching Legal Research and Writing · 2009 Link to item Cite

Islands of Effective International Adjudication: Constructing an Intellectual Property Rule of Law in the Andean Community

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 2009 Link to item Cite

Nonconsensual International Lawmaking

Journal Article University of Illinois Law Review · 2008 Link to item Cite

The New Innovation Frontier? Intellectual Property and the European Court of Human Rights

Journal Article Harvard International Law Journal · 2008 Link to item Cite

Redesigning the European Court of Human Rights: Embeddedness as a Deep Structural Principle of the European Human Rights Regime

Journal Article European Journal of International Law · 2008 Link to item Cite

Monitoring Compliance with Un-ratified Treaties: The ILO Experience

Journal Article Law & Contemporary Problems · 2008 Link to item Cite

Toward a Human Rights Framework for Intellectual Property

Journal Article U.C. Davis Law Review · 2007 Link to item Cite

The Demise and Rebirth of Plant Variety Protection: A Comment on Technological Change and the Design of Plant Variety Protection Regimes

Journal Article Chicago-Kent Law Review · 2007 Link to item Cite

The Future of the International Labour Organization

Journal Article American Society of International Law Proceedings · 2007 Link to item Cite

Book Review

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 2007 Link to item Cite

Not Fully Committed? Reservations, Risk and Treaty Design

Journal Article Yale Journal of International Law · 2006 Link to item Cite

Collective Management of Copyright & Human Rights: An Uneasy Alliance

Chapter · 2006 Cite

Why States Create International Tribunals: A Theory of Constrained Independence

Conference · 2006 Cite

Understanding Change in International Organizations: Globalization and Innovation in the ILO

Journal Article Vanderbilt Law Review · 2006 Link to item Cite

Using Intellectual Property Rights to Preserve the Global Genetic Commons: The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food & Agriculture

Chapter · 2005 Cite

Mediating Interactions in an Expanding International Intellectual Property Regime: Commentary on Victor Mosoti

Chapter · 2005 Cite

Comment II: Using intellectual property rights to preserve the global genetic commons: The international treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture

Chapter · January 1, 2005 Over the last twenty years, national governments, patent owners, farmers, plant breeders, researchers, and a diverse array of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have engaged in a vigorous debate over how to conserve and utilize the world's plant genetic ... Full text Cite

An Introduction: New World Order or a World in Disorder? Testing the Limits of International Law

Journal Article American Society of International Law Proceedings · 2005 Cite

Why States Create International Tribunals: A Response to Professors Posner and Yoo

Journal Article California Law Review · 2005 Link to item Cite

Exiting Treaties

Journal Article Virginia Law Review · 2005 Link to item Cite

Mediating Interactions in an Expanding International Intellectual Property Regime

Journal Article Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law · 2004 Link to item Cite

Regime Shifting: The TRIPs Agreement and New Dynamics of International Intellectual Property Lawmaking

Journal Article Yale Journal of International Law · 2004 Link to item Cite

Whither the UDRP: Autonomous, Americanized or Cosmopolitan?

Journal Article Cardozo Journal of International & Comparative Law · 2004 Link to item Cite

International Human Rights Law Informs Recent U.S. Supreme Court Decision Striking Down Anti-Gay Sodomy Laws

Journal Article Interights Bulletin · 2004 Cite

Intellectual Property Rights in Plant Varieties:International Legal Regimes and Policy Options for National Governments

Journal Article · 2004 Link to item Cite

Intellectual Property Rights in Plant Varieties: International Legal Regimes and Policy Options for National Governments

Report · 2004 Link to item Cite

Politics, Power, and Public Health: A Comment on Public Health's New World Order

Journal Article Temple Law Review · 2004 Link to item Cite

Human Rights and Intellectual Property: Conflict or Coexistence?

Journal Article Minnesota Intellectual Property Review · 2003 Link to item Cite

Constitutional Analogies in the International Legal System

Journal Article Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review · 2003 Link to item Cite

Intellectual Property Rights and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

Journal Article American Society of International Law Proceedings · 2003 Link to item Cite

Transforming International Law After the September 11th Attacks? Three Evolving Paradigms for Regulating International Terrorism

Chapter · 2003 Cite

Op - Ed., Not Leading the World But Following It

Other New York Times · 2003 Cite

Op-Ed., Basic Liberties: U.S. Trails the World on Gay Rights

Other International Herald Tribune · 2003 Cite

Letter to the Editor, Reviving the United Nations

Other Washington Post · 2003 Cite

Intellectual Property Rights in Plant Varieties: An Overview with Options for National Governments

Journal Article FAO Legal Papers Online · 2002 Cite

Overlegalizing Human Rights: International Relations Theory and the Commonwealth Caribbean Backlash Against Human Rights Regimes

Conference Columbia Law Review · 2002 Link to item Cite

Designing Non-National Systems: The Case of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy

Journal Article William and Mary Law review · 2001 Link to item Cite

International Dispute Settlement at the Trademark-Domain Name Interface

Journal Article Pepperdine Law Review · 2001 Link to item Cite

European Court of Human Rights Case Comments, 'Salgueiro da Silva Moutav' and 'A.D.T. v. United Kingdom'

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 2001 Link to item Cite

Will the U.N. Human Rights Committee Require Recognition of Same-Sex Marriages?

Chapter · 2001 Cite

Sexual Orientation and the European Court of Human Rights: New Activism or Cautious Incrementalism?

Chapter · 2001 Cite

World Music on a U.S. Stage: An Analysis of the Section 110(5) WTO Dispute

Journal Article International Intellectual Property Law & Policy · 2001 Cite

Whither NAFTA Dispute Settlement? Lessons from the ECJ

Journal Article European Community Studies Association Forum Review · 2000 Cite

Litigating Human Rights

Journal Article California Lawyer · 2000 Cite

International Law

Chapter · 2000 Cite

World Music on a U.S. Stage: A Berne/TRIPs and Economic Analysis of the Fairness in Music Licensing Act

Journal Article Boston University Law Review · 2000 Link to item Cite

International Decisions: Grant v. Southwest Trains Ltd.

Journal Article American Journal of International Law · 1999 Link to item Cite

Forum Shopping for Human Rights

Journal Article University of Pennsylvania Law Review · 1999 Link to item Cite

The Effectiveness of the Council of Europe's Human Rights Regime

Chapter · 1998 Cite

Adjudicating Copyright Claims Under the TRIPs Agreement: The Case for a European Human Rights Analogy

Journal Article Harvard International Law Journal · 1998 Link to item Cite

Toward a Theory of Effective Supranational Adjudication

Journal Article Yale Law Journal · 1997 Link to item Cite

Sexual Orientation and Human Rights: Toward a U.S. and Transnational Jurisprudence

Journal Article Harvard Human Rights Journal · 1996 Link to item Cite

Consensus, Coherence and the European Convention on Human Rights

Journal Article Cornell International Law Journal · 1993 Link to item Cite

The Politics of Judicial Structure: Creating the United States Court of Veterans Appeals

Journal Article Connecticut Law Review · 1992 Link to item Cite

Lesbian and Gay Rights as Human Rights: Strategies for a United Europe

Journal Article Virginia Journal of International Law · 1991 Link to item Cite

Finding a Consensus on Equality: The Homosexual Age of Consent and the European Convention on Human Rights

Journal Article New York University Law Review · 1990 Link to item Cite