Scholars@Duke
Howard Wayne Francis

Howard Wayne Francis

Richard Hall Chaney, Sr. Distinguished Professor of Otolaryngology
Otology, Neurotology & Skull Base Surgery
howard.francis@duke.edu
Duke South Yellow Zone 4000, DUMC Box 3805, Durham, NC 27710
40 Duke Medicine Circle, DUMC Box 3805, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Home Literacy Practices for Young Children With Cochlear Implants

Journal Article Communication Disorders Quarterly · November 1, 2024 This study investigated relationships among home reading practices, shared book reading (SBR) behaviors, and child literacy outcomes in young children with cochlear implants in Baltimore, Maryland. Parents (N=18) completed a home reading questionnaire and ... Full text Cite

Hearing Screening in Older Adults in Primary Care Clinics: How the Effects of Setting and Provider Encouragement Differ by Patient Sex and Race.

Journal Article Ear Hear · October 31, 2024 OBJECTIVES: Few studies have examined how patient sex or race influence hearing healthcare, which was our study purpose. DESIGN: We performed a secondary analysis using data from a pragmatic clinical trial that examined the effect of provider encouragement ... Full text Link to item Cite

Routine Hearing Screening for Older Adults in Primary Care: Insights of Patients and Clinic Personnel.

Journal Article Gerontologist · October 1, 2024 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hearing loss frequently goes undiagnosed and untreated, with serious sequelae. Hearing screening facilitates diagnosis and treatment but is not routinely conducted in primary care. This study addresses the attitudes and insights ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mentorship, Sponsorship, and Coaching to Increase Recruitment, Retention, and Belonging

Journal Article Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports · September 1, 2024 Purpose of Review: Improving diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in Otolaryngology residency programs and in the physician workforce has been at the forefront of many discussions. Despite these important conversations and the noted value of DEI on physi ... Full text Cite

Development of Measures for d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Stigma: Introduction to the Special Supplement on Stigma Measurement Tools.

Journal Article Ear Hear · September 2024 People who are d/Deaf or hard of hearing (d/DHH) often experience stigma and discrimination in their daily lives. Qualitative research describing their lived experiences has provided useful, in-depth insights into the pervasiveness of stigma. Quantitative ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preliminary Validation of Hearing Device-Related Stigma Measures in Four United States Populations.

Journal Article Ear Hear · September 2024 OBJECTIVES: Although hearing devices such as cochlear implants and hearing aids often improve communication, many people who are d/Deaf or hard of hearing (d/DHH) choose not to use them. Hearing device-related stigma, or negative societal beliefs about peo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Research Agenda and Applications for Preliminarily Validated Measures of d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Stigma.

Journal Article Ear Hear · September 2024 In this special supplement of Ear and Hearing, we have presented preliminarily validated measures for stigma related to being d/Deaf or hard of hearing (d/DHH) in the United States and Ghana. In this concluding article, we suggest avenues for the future re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and Preliminary Validation of Scales to Measure Enacted, Perceived, and Experienced Hearing Loss Stigma in Health Care Settings.

Journal Article Ear Hear · September 2024 OBJECTIVES: Qualitative evidence suggests that stigma experienced by people who are d/Deaf and hard of hearing (d/DHH) can reduce willingness to engage with health services. Quantitative evidence remains lacking, however, about how health care providers (H ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Pragmatic Clinical Trial of Hearing Screening in Primary Care Clinics: Effect of Setting and Provider Encouragement.

Journal Article Ear Hear · January 2024 OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of hearing loss increases with age. Untreated hearing loss is associated with poorer communication abilities and negative health consequences, such as increased risk of dementia, increased odds of falling, and depression. Nonethe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Translabyrinthine Craniotomy Is Associated with Higher Risk of Asymptomatic Dural Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Vestibular Schwannoma Resection.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · December 1, 2023 OBJECTIVE: Characterize the incidence, risk factors, and patient outcomes of dural venous sinus thrombosis identified on postoperative imaging after retrosigmoid or translabyrinthine craniotomy for vestibular schwannoma resection. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognosis of Acute Low-Tone Hearing Loss Without Vertigo: A Scoping Review.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · October 2023 OBJECTIVE: Despite its relatively high prevalence, our understanding of the natural clinical course of acute low-tone hearing loss (ALHL) without vertigo remains incomplete. The purpose of this study is to summarize the findings of studies that evaluated r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Potential Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids in the US.

Journal Article JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · July 1, 2023 IMPORTANCE: Over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids are now available in the US; however, their clinical and economic outcomes are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To project the clinical and economic outcomes of traditional hearing aid provision compared with OTC hearing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sponsorship in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery: A Pathway to Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion.

Journal Article JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · June 1, 2023 IMPORTANCE: Sponsorship, distinct from mentorship or coaching, involves advancing the careers of individuals by nominating them for roles, increasing the visibility of their work, or facilitating opportunities. Sponsorship can open doors and enhance divers ... Full text Link to item Cite

Model-Projected Cost-Effectiveness of Adult Hearing Screening in the USA.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · March 2023 BACKGROUND: While 60% of older adults have hearing loss (HL), the majority have never had their hearing tested. OBJECTIVE: We sought to estimate long-term clinical and economic effects of alternative adult hearing screening schedules in the USA. DESIGN: Mo ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Impact of Hearing Loss and Its Treatment on Health-Related Quality of Life Utility: a Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · February 2023 BACKGROUND: Hearing loss significantly impacts health-related quality of life (QoL), yet the effects of current treatments on QoL utility remain uncertain. Our objective was to describe the impact of untreated and treated hearing loss on QoL utility to inf ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimated Monetary Value of Future Research Clarifying Uncertainties Around the Optimal Adult Hearing Screening Schedule.

Journal Article JAMA Health Forum · November 4, 2022 IMPORTANCE: Adult hearing screening is not routinely performed, and most individuals with hearing loss (HL) have never had their hearing tested as adults. OBJECTIVE: To project the monetary value of future research clarifying uncertainties around the optim ... Full text Link to item Cite

How the Past Shapes the Future and What to Do About It: A Discussion at CI 2021 Virtual With Panelists: Teresa Caraway, Ph.D., C.C.C.-S.L.P.; Cliff Megerian, M.D.; Debara Tucci, M.D., M.S., M.B.A.; Peter Thomas, J.D.; Jason Wigand, Au.D.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · September 1, 2022 This report summarizes the highlights of a lively discussion between leaders in the cochlear implant (CI) field who also bring significant leadership experience at the practice and health system levels, as well as policy and research perspectives. The disc ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pragmatic clinical trial of hearing screening in primary care clinics: cost-effectiveness of hearing screening.

Journal Article Cost Eff Resour Alloc · June 25, 2022 BACKGROUND: Hearing loss is a high prevalence condition among older adults, is associated with higher-than-average risk for poor health outcomes and quality of life, and is a public health concern to individuals, families, communities, professionals, gover ... Full text Link to item Cite

Centralized Otolaryngology Research Efforts: Stepping-stones to Innovation and Equity in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · June 2022 The Centralized Otolaryngology Research Efforts (CORE) grant program coordinates research funding initiatives across the subspecialties of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Modeled after National Institutes of Health study sections, CORE grant review p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Harnessing the Power of Artificial Intelligence in Otolaryngology and the Communication Sciences.

Journal Article Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · June 2022 Use of artificial intelligence (AI) is a burgeoning field in otolaryngology and the communication sciences. A virtual symposium on the topic was convened from Duke University on October 26, 2020, and was attended by more than 170 participants worldwide. Th ... Full text Cite

Vein Graft Tympanoplasty: How a Transiently Used Graft Material Transformed Middle Ear Surgery.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · February 2022 The inception of medial grafting as a technique for tympanic membrane repair was a critical milestone in the history of otology. John Shea introduced the medial graft technique and the use of vein grafts for tympanoplasty in 1960 after realizing that the v ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and validation of DeciBHAL-US: A novel microsimulation model of hearing loss across the lifespan in the United States.

Journal Article EClinicalMedicine · February 2022 BACKGROUND: Hearing loss affects over 50% of people in the US across their lifespan and there is a lack of decision modeling frameworks to inform optimal hearing healthcare delivery. Our objective was to develop and validate a microsimulation model of hear ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Association Between Hearing Loss and Surgical Complications in Older Adults.

Journal Article Ear Hear · 2022 OBJECTIVES: In this study, we sought to evaluate whether older patients with hearing loss who underwent surgery were at greater risk of postsurgical complications, increased inpatient length-of-stay (LOS), and hospital readmission. DESIGN: This was a retro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between Hyperbilirubinemia and Hearing Screen Failure in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Infants Born Preterm.

Journal Article J Pediatr · April 2021 OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association between hyperbilirubinemia and a failed newborn hearing screen in infants born at 22-32 weeks of gestation. STUDY DESIGN: We included infants with gestational ages of 22-32 weeks who were discharged from neonatal ... Full text Link to item Cite

New Age Mentoring and Disruptive Innovation-Navigating the Uncharted With Vision, Purpose, and Equity.

Journal Article JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · April 1, 2021 For individuals aspiring to a career in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, mentorship can shape destiny. Mentorship helps assure safe passage into the specialty, and it influences the arc of professional development across the career continuum. Even bef ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perigeniculate arachnoid cysts and CSF fistulae of the fallopian canal: Histopathologic correlates of a rare clinical entity.

Journal Article World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg · April 2021 Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulae originating from the fallopian canal of the facial nerve is hypothesized to arise due to atypical patterns of subarachnoid space extension into the geniculate ganglion or more distal regions along the intratemporal course ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing the risk of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea following translabyrinthine surgery of the posterior fossa.

Journal Article World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg · April 2021 OBJECTIVE: To describe the procedure and results of an adapted closure and reconstruction technique for translabyrinthine surgery that focuses on identifying and managing potential pathways for CSF egress to the middle ear and Eustachian tube. METHODS: Ret ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of a 3D-printed human temporal bone model for otology surgical skill training.

Journal Article World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg · April 2021 HYPOTHESIS: Three-dimensional (3D) printed temporal bones are comparable to cadaveric temporal bones as a training tool for otologic surgery. BACKGROUND: Cadaveric temporal bone dissection is an integral part of otology surgical training. Unfortunately, av ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatric Cochlear Implantation

Chapter · January 1, 2021 Pediatric cochlear implantation has transformed the opportunity for children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss to acquire listening and spoken language. A multidisciplinary team effort, specialized skills, and timely coordination are criti ... Full text Cite

Prevalence of Xerostomia Among Cochlear Implant Recipients.

Journal Article JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · October 15, 2020 This cross-sectional study examines the prevlance of xerostomia in adult cochlear implant recipients. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unilateral Cochlear Implants for Severe, Profound, or Moderate Sloping to Profound Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Consensus Statements.

Journal Article JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · October 1, 2020 IMPORTANCE: Cochlear implants are a treatment option for individuals with severe, profound, or moderate sloping to profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who receive little or no benefit from hearing aids; however, cochlear implantation in ad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of Pre-Existing Hearing Loss Among Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa.

Journal Article Am J Audiol · June 8, 2020 Purpose Hearing loss, resulting from aminoglycoside ototoxicity, is common among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Those with pre-existing hearing loss are at particular risk of clinically important hearing loss with aminoglycoside-contain ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative implementation-effectiveness of three strategies to perform hearing screening among older adults in primary care clinics: study design and protocol.

Journal Article BMC Geriatr · May 11, 2020 BACKGROUND: The burden of hearing loss among older adults could be mitigated with appropriate care. This study compares implementation of three hearing screening strategies in primary care, and examines the reliability and validity of patient self-assessme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aminoglycoside-induced Hearing Loss Among Patients Being Treated for Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa: A Prediction Model.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · February 14, 2020 BACKGROUND: Individuals treated for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) with aminoglycosides (AGs) in resource-limited settings often experience permanent hearing loss, yet there is no practical method to identify those at higher risk. We sought to develop ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk of hearing loss among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients according to cumulative aminoglycoside dose.

Journal Article Int J Tuberc Lung Dis · January 1, 2020 SETTING: The ototoxic effects of aminoglycosides (AGs) lead to permanent hearing loss, which is one of the devastating consequences of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment. As AG ototoxicity is dose-dependent, the impact of a surrogate measu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adverse outcome pathway for aminoglycoside ototoxicity in drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment.

Journal Article Arch Toxicol · May 2019 Individuals treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with aminoglycosides (AGs) in resource-limited settings often experience permanent hearing loss. However, AG ototoxicity has never been conceptually integrated or causally linked to MDR-TB p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Low-Grade Papillary Schneiderian Carcinoma of the Sinonasal Cavity and Temporal Bone.

Journal Article Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol · December 2018 OBJECTIVES:: The aim of this study was to further characterize a newly described neoplasm, low-grade papillary Schneiderian carcinoma, occurring simultaneously in the sinonasal cavity and mastoid. Additionally, the authors review the only 2 similar cases w ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Prospective Study of Pain From Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Cochlear Implant Magnets In Situ.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · February 2018 OBJECTIVE: To describe changes in pain associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with cochlear implant magnets in place. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, single-arm study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. SUBJECTS: Adults with cochlear implants requirin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term treatment response and patient outcomes for vestibular schwannoma patients treated with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy

Journal Article Frontiers in Oncology · September 4, 2017 Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate long-term treatment outcome and toxicities among vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients treated with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT). Methods: 383 patients with unilateral VS treated with HSRT (2 ... Full text Cite

Development and Validation of the Cochlear Implant Surgical Competency Assessment Instrument.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · April 2017 OBJECTIVE: We present a new instrument for evaluation of cochlear implant (CI) surgical skills and review its validation process. METHODS: An instrument to assess CI surgical competency incorporated results of structured surveys of comprehensiveness sent t ... Full text Link to item Cite

IgG4-Related Disease of Bilateral Temporal Bones.

Journal Article Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol · March 2017 OBJECTIVE: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an idiopathic inflammatory condition that causes pseudotumor formation in single or multiple organs, including those of the head and neck. Temporal bone involvement is rare, with only 3 cases of unilateral tempo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multifactor Influences of Shared Decision-Making in Acoustic Neuroma Treatment.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · March 2017 OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with treatment modality selection in acoustic neuromas. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Tertiary care neurotology clinic. PATIENTS: Data were prospectively collected from patients initially ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rehabilitation and Psychosocial Determinants of Cochlear Implant Outcomes in Older Adults.

Journal Article Ear Hear · 2017 OBJECTIVE: The cochlear implant (CI) has been shown to be associated with better hearing, cognitive abilities, and functional independence. There is variability however in how much benefit each recipient derives from his or her CI. This study's primary obj ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of a mentored student clerkship on underrepresented minority diversity in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · December 2016 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To describe the impact of a mentored clerkship initiative on underrepresented minority medical students interested in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: An outreach ef ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does resident participation influence otolaryngology-head and neck surgery morbidity and mortality?

Journal Article Laryngoscope · October 2016 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Patients may perceive resident procedural participation as detrimental to their outcome. Our objective is to investigate whether otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) housestaff participation is associated with surgical morbidi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 1.5 Tesla With a Cochlear Implant Magnet in Place: Image Quality and Usability.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · October 2016 OBJECTIVE: To study the quality and usability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained with a cochlear implant magnet in situ. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary care center. PATIENTS: All patients who underwent brain MRI with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Moving Beyond GDP: Cost Effectiveness of Cochlear Implantation and Deaf Education in Latin America.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · September 2016 HYPOTHESIS: Cochlear implantation (CI) and deaf education are cost effective management strategies of childhood profound sensorineural hearing loss in Latin America. BACKGROUND: CI has been widely established as cost effective in North America and Europe a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of Pericranial Flap Coverage in Cochlear Implantation of the Radical Cavity: Rationale, Technique, and Experience.

Conference Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · September 2016 Cochlear implant (CI) surgery in the setting of an open mastoid cavity is evolving. Two strategies are commonly pursued: a staged approach, clearing the disease, closing the meatus or the external auditory canal (EAC), and reevaluating in 3 to 6 months pri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial Differences of Pigmentation in the Human Vestibular Organs.

Conference Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · September 2016 OBJECTIVES: Melanin pigmentation is present in the human inner ear. In this study, we quantify the melanin pigmentation in the vestibular system and examine racial differences of vestibular melanin pigmentation using human cadaveric temporal bone specimens ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk Assessment and Prevention of Corneal Complications After Lateral Skull Base Surgery.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · September 2016 OBJECTIVE: To analyze the rate of corneal complications after lateral skull base surgery, and the relative risk of each potential contributing factor. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care center. PATIENTS: Adult patients who had ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personal characteristics of residents may predict competency improvement.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · August 2016 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that personal characteristics of residents may affect how well competency is attained in a surgical residency. To this end, we examined two concepts of global trait emotional intelligence and learner autonomy profile ... Full text Link to item Cite

Secondary Acquired Cholesteatoma: Presentation and Tympanoplasty Outcomes.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · August 2016 OBJECTIVE: Comparing the clinical features and surgical outcomes of patients undergoing tympanoplasty for secondary acquired cholesteatoma (SAC) versus non-complicated tympanic membrane perforation (TMP). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective patient review. SETTING ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of Cochlear-Facial Dehiscence in a Study of 1,020 Temporal Bone Specimens.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · August 2016 OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cochlear-facial dehiscence (CFD) and to examine the influence of otic capsule area, age, sex, and race on CFD. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study of archived temporal bone specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Targeted se ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decompression of the Jugular Bulb for Enhanced Infralabyrinthine Access to the Petroclival Region: A Quantitative Analysis

Journal Article Journal of Neurological Surgery, Part B: Skull Base · June 1, 2016 Objectives To describe an enhanced infralabyrinthine approach to petroclival lesions with jugular bulb decompression, and to quantify surgical access using a flat-panel computed tomography image protocol. Design Retrospective case series and paired compari ... Full text Cite

Faculty diversity and inclusion program outcomes at an academic otolaryngology department.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · February 2016 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To describe a 10-year diversity initiative to increase the number of women and underrepresented minorities in an academic department of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. METHODS: A multifaceted ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring Success: Cost-Effectiveness and Expanding Access to Cochlear Implantation.

Conference Otol Neurotol · February 2016 Only a small fraction of patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss have access to cochlear implantation with the majority of these affected people living in developing countries. Cost effectiveness analysis (CEA) is an important tool to demonstrate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Symbolic Play and Novel Noun Learning in Deaf and Hearing Children: Longitudinal Effects of Access to Sound on Early Precursors of Language.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 In the largest, longitudinal study of young, deaf children before and three years after cochlear implantation, we compared symbolic play and novel noun learning to age-matched hearing peers. Participants were 180 children from six cochlear implant centers ... Full text Link to item Cite

GDP Matters: Cost Effectiveness of Cochlear Implantation and Deaf Education in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · September 2015 HYPOTHESIS: Cochlear implantation and deaf education are cost effective in Sub-Saharan Africa. BACKGROUND: Cost effectiveness of pediatric cochlear implantation has been well established in developed countries but is unknown in low resource settings, where ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Role of Obliteration in the Achievement of a Dry Mastoid Bowl.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · September 2015 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of mastoid obliteration on the achievement of a dry mastoid bowl and frequency of maintenance care. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENTS: There were 63 canal-wall-down mastoi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Face and content validation of a novel three-dimensional printed temporal bone for surgical skills development.

Journal Article J Laryngol Otol · July 2015 OBJECTIVE: To assess the face and content validity of a novel synthetic, three-dimensional printed temporal bone for surgical skills development and training. METHODS: A synthetic temporal bone was printed using composite materials and three-dimensional pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of distractions on operative performance and ability to multitask--a case for deliberate practice.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · April 2015 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To measure the effect of distractions on the operative performance and analyze if practice and experience are the factors that can help to overcome the distractions. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: Ten postgra ... Full text Link to item Cite

The socioeconomic impact of hearing loss in U.S. adults.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · March 2015 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations between hearing loss and educational attainment, income, and unemployment/underemployment in U.S. adults. STUDY DESIGN: National cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Ambulatory examination centers. PATIENTS: Adults aged ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Clinical and psychosocial risk factors of hearing outcome in older adults with cochlear implants.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · March 2015 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To identify psychosocial determinants of speech perception (SP) outcome in older adults after cochlear implant (CI) surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: Subjects received their CI at age 45 years or older and had at l ... Full text Link to item Cite

Techniques in cochlear implantation

Journal Article Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · December 1, 2014 Since its clinical introduction 40 years ago, cochlear implantation surgery has continued to evolve. Although the standard mastoidectomy with posterior tympanotomy has not changed, recent refinements have focused on minimal incisions and implantation techn ... Full text Cite

Racial difference in cochlear pigmentation is associated with hearing loss risk.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · October 2014 OBJECTIVES: The goals of this study are to characterize the distribution of melanin pigmentation in the human cochlea and to investigate differences in pigment content between races. METHODS: Human temporal bone specimens from the Johns Hopkins Temporal Bo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bilateral hearing loss is associated with decreased nonverbal intelligence in US children aged 6 to 16 years.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · September 2014 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate the association between hearing loss and nonverbal intelligence in US children. STUDY DESIGN: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) is a cross-sectional survey (1988-1994) that used compl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of health-related quality of life 6 years after childhood cochlear implantation.

Journal Article Qual Life Res · March 2014 PURPOSE: To examine the impact of cochlear implant (CI) intervention on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) assessed by both self- and parent-reported measures. METHODS: In this national study of children implanted between ages 6 months and 5 years, HRQ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient-perceived long-term communication and swallow function following cerebellopontine angle surgery.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · February 2014 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Evaluation of long-term patient-perceived functional outcomes and quality of life (QOL) related to communication and eating with an emphasis on voice, speech production, and swallowing after cerebello-pontine angle (CPA) surgery. STU ... Full text Link to item Cite

Determinants of resident competence in mastoidectomy: role of interest and deliberate practice.

Conference Laryngoscope · December 2013 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: This study explores the influence of selected factors on achievement of competency in mastoid surgery. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study of surgical performance and a retrospective survey of learner and training factors. METHODS: The ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is there a "July effect" for head and neck cancer surgery?

Journal Article Laryngoscope · August 2013 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: A "July effect" of increased complications when new trainees begin residency has been reported widely by the media. We sought to determine the effect of admission month on in-hospital mortality, complications, length of hospitalizati ... Full text Link to item Cite

3D model of frequency representation in the cochlear nucleus of the CBA/J mouse.

Journal Article J Comp Neurol · May 1, 2013 The relationship between structure and function is an invaluable context with which to explore biological mechanisms of normal and dysfunctional hearing. The systematic and topographic representation of frequency originates at the cochlea, and is retained ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early literacy gains in children with cochlear implants.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · April 2013 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictors of emergent reading skills in children receiving early access to sound with a CI. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective case-control study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Children who ... Full text Link to item Cite

National prevalence and impact of perioperative vagus nerve injury in vestibular schwannoma.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · December 2012 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Lower cranial nerve injury may be an under-reported complication of vestibular schwannoma surgery. This study aims to characterize the prevalence of complications associated with vagus nerve injury following vestibular schwannoma sur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex and age associations with vestibular schwannoma size and presenting symptoms.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · December 2012 OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of sex and age with presenting symptoms and size of vestibular schwannoma at clinical presentation to our clinics. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENTS: Approximately 1,26 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efferent synapses return to inner hair cells in the aging cochlea.

Journal Article Neurobiol Aging · December 2012 Efferent innervation of the cochlea undergoes extensive modification early in development, but it is unclear if efferent synapses are modified by age, hearing loss, or both. Structural alterations in the cochlea affecting information transfer from the audi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The timely completion of objective assessment tools for evaluation of technical skills.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · November 2012 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To this date the effect of the time taken to complete an evaluation on the psychometric properties of the instrument has not been reported. The goal of our study was to assess the effect of time taken to complete an evaluation on its ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spectrum of immune-mediated inner ear disease and cochlear implant results.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · November 2012 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To characterize the progression of hearing loss in patients with immune-mediated inner ear disease (IMIED), and to identify disease- and patient-specific factors associated with cochlear implant (CI) performance. STUDY DESIGN: Retros ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cochlear implant rehabilitation in older adults: literature review and proposal of a conceptual framework.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · October 2012 OBJECTIVES: To review studies investigating cochlear implant (CI) outcomes in older adults, and to develop a conceptual framework demonstrating important interactions between characteristics of hearing disability, aging, and the CI intervention. DESIGN: Re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hearing outcomes after surgical plugging of the superior semicircular canal by a middle cranial fossa approach.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · October 2012 OBJECTIVE: To determine postoperative hearing outcomes after surgical plugging via middle cranial fossa approach for superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS). STUDY DESIGN: Clinical review. SETTING: Tertiary care medical center. PATIENTS: For ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cochlear implantation in older adults.

Journal Article Medicine (Baltimore) · September 2012 Cochlear implants allow individuals with severe to profound hearing loss access to sound and spoken language. The number of older adults in the United States who are potential candidates for cochlear implantation (CI) is approximately 150,000 and will cont ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for vagal palsy following cerebellopontine angle surgery.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · August 2012 OBJECTIVE: Describe the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of postoperative vagal palsy in patients undergoing surgical excision of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors. STUDY DESIGN: Case series with chart review. SETTING: Academic tertiary care center. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vestibular schwannoma surgical volume and short-term outcomes in Maryland.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · June 2012 OBJECTIVE: To characterize contemporary practice patterns and outcomes of vestibular schwannoma surgery. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING: Maryland Health Service Cost Review Commission database. PATIENTS: The study included patients who underwent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Technical skills improve after practice on virtual-reality temporal bone simulator.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · June 2012 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To assess whether practice on a virtual-reality (VR) temporal bone simulator improves acquisition of technical skills in mastoid surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective blinded study. METHODS: Using a previously validated objective struct ... Full text Link to item Cite

Timing of cochlear implantation and parents' global ratings of children's health and development.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · June 2012 OBJECTIVE: To assess children's health-related quality of life (HRQL) and development after cochlear implant (CI) surgery and compare improvements between different age of implantation categories. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal study comparing out ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hearing loss and associated problems

Chapter · March 27, 2012 Cite

Face and content validation of a virtual reality temporal bone simulator.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · March 2012 OBJECTIVE: To validate the VOXEL-MAN TempoSurg simulator for temporal bone dissection. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective international study. SETTING: Otolaryngology departments of 2 academic health care institutions in the United Kingdom and United States. SUBJEC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence, characteristics, and management of swallowing disorders following cerebellopontine angle surgery.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · March 2012 OBJECTIVE: To describe swallowing disorders encountered after cerebellopontine angle surgery and to explore variables associated with increased incidence of postoperative dysphagia. STUDY DESIGN: Case series with chart review. SETTING: Single academic medi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temporal bone findings in a case of Susac's syndrome.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · October 2011 OBJECTIVE: To describe the histopathologic findings in the temporal bones of a patient with Susac's syndrome (SS). BACKGROUND: The key clinical features of SS consist of symptoms of encephalopathy, visual defects due to occlusion of branches of the retinal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Virtual reality training for mastoidectomy: What do trainees and faculty think?

Journal Article Laryngoscope · August 29, 2011 Objectives: To explore trainee's and faculty's perception towards the Virtual Reality (VR) temporal bone simulator (The VOXEL-MAN TempoSurg) Study Design: A cross-sectional survey design Methods: A total of 32 participants, working at the Johns Hopkins Dep ... Full text Cite

A model for early prediction of facial nerve recovery after vestibular schwannoma surgery.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · July 2011 OBJECTIVE: To identify early predictors of long-term facial nerve function after vestibular schwannoma resection. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Subjects with facial nerve weakness despite anatomic pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Arachnoid granulations of the temporal bone: a histologic study of dural and osseous penetration.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · June 2011 HYPOTHESIS: Arachnoid granulations (AG) are more prevalent along the middle fossa surface of the temporal bone, where they produce larger bony defects than those occurring on the posterior surface. BACKGROUND: Dural and bony defects formed by AGs are propo ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of mastoidectomy learning curves in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery residents

Conference Laryngoscope · January 1, 2011 OBJECTIVES:/Hypothesis: The purpose of our study was to explore factors that might influence the trajectories in residents' learning curves of surgical performance in the mastoidectomy procedure. Study Design: Retrospective-cohort study. Methods: Mastoidec ... Full text Cite

Using a virtual reality temporal bone simulator to enhance surgical competency in procedural tasks: A pilot study

Conference Laryngoscope · January 1, 2011 OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study is to identify the potential roles of a virtual reality (VR) temporal bone simulator in the Otolaryngology residency program. Study Design: Cross-sectional educational design Methods: Five residents ranging from PGY-1 t ... Full text Cite

Geriatric cochlear implantation

Journal Article Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · December 1, 2010 Cochlear implantation allows for improved communication and quality of life in elderly individuals with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss and poor word discrimination. Medical and psychosocial factors, however, pose additional challenges that c ... Full text Cite

Revision cochlear implantation in children

Journal Article Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · December 1, 2010 The cochlear implant intervention is the standard of care for the rehabilitation of severe to profound hearing loss in children. Growing case numbers are associated with increasing prevalence of conditions that may require surgical revision to maintain ele ... Full text Cite

Development and pilot testing of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) on hoarseness.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · November 2010 OBJECTIVES: To develop a valid and reliable tool for an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) on hoarseness. To pilot-test the feasibility by assessing residents' clinical skills in various core competencies while assessing hoarseness on a stand ... Full text Link to item Cite

Programmatic challenges in obtaining and confirming the pneumococcal vaccination status of cochlear implant recipients.

Conference Otol Neurotol · October 2010 BACKGROUND: Bacterial meningitis represents a substantial concern for individuals with cochlear implants (CIs). METHODS: Chart review and direct patient and family correspondence to ascertain vaccination status. INTERVENTION: Information dissemination via ... Full text Link to item Cite

Objective assessment of mastoidectomy skills in the operating room.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · July 2010 OBJECTIVE(S): To determine the feasibility and validity of an objective assessment tool designed to measure the development of mastoidectomy skills by resident trainees in the operating room. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal validation study. SETTING ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of vestibular schwannoma growth and clinical implications.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · July 2010 OBJECTIVE: Vestibular schwannomas exhibit variable and unpredictable patterns of growth. We evaluated the extent to which tumor growth influences the management of these benign tumors, and we explored symptom markers present at diagnosis that may be predic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Defining milestones toward competency in mastoidectomy using a skills assessment paradigm.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · July 2010 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To establish milestones toward achievement of surgical competency by using an objective assessment tool designed to measure the development of mastoidectomy skills in the operating room (OR). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal va ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in the management of vestibular schwannomas at Johns Hopkins 1997-2007.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · January 2010 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To assess trends in the management of unilateral vestibular schwannomas over an 11-year period and to identify disease- and provider-related influences. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: Subjects presented to the Dep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Revision cochlear implant surgery in children: the Johns Hopkins experience.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · January 2010 OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of revision cochlear implantation (RCI) and to identify clinical and device-related factors predictive of RCI outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series with attempted correlation to ex vivo device analysis. SETTING: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pilot testing of an assessment tool for competency in mastoidectomy.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · December 2009 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To determine the feasibility, validity, and reliability of an evaluation tool for the assessment of competency in mastoid surgery. This study tests the hypothesis that residents of dissimilar training levels differ in their technical ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immune-mediated inner ear disease

Chapter · January 1, 2009 Immune-mediated inner ear disease (IMIED) is the preferred term for the syndrome involving cochlear dysfunction, leading to degrees of sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo. Although vasculitis has been inferred to be the cause of IMIED in some cases, his ... Full text Cite

Predicting behavior problems in deaf and hearing children: the influences of language, attention, and parent-child communication.

Journal Article Dev Psychopathol · 2009 The development of language and communication may play an important role in the emergence of behavioral problems in young children, but they are rarely included in predictive models of behavioral development. In this study, cross-sectional relationships be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Revision cochlear implantation surgery in adults: indications and results.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · August 2008 OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy, risks, and indications of revision cochlear implantation (RCI) and to identify the clinical, audiologic, and device-related characteristics that predict outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Academic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surgical factors in pediatric cochlear implantation and their early effects on electrode activation and functional outcomes.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · June 2008 OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of surgical factors on electrode status and early communication outcomes in young children in the first 2 years of cochlear implantation. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective multicenter cohort study. SETTING: Six tertiary referral cen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Histological features of osteofibrous hemangioma of the maxillofacial and skull base regions.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · May 2008 OBJECTIVES: The histological spectrum of hemangiomas of the skull base and maxillofacial skeleton was evaluated to help explain the variability of the clinical and radiological presentation of this tumor. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS: Pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spontaneous meningoencephalocele of the temporal bone: clinical spectrum and presentation.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · May 2008 OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical presentation and the radiological and surgical findings in patients with spontaneous meningoencephalocele of the temporal bone. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Academic, tertiary care medical center. PATIENTS ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tracking development of speech recognition: longitudinal data from hierarchical assessments in the Childhood Development after Cochlear Implantation Study.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · February 2008 OBJECTIVE: To develop a speech recognition index that summarizes data collected through an array of age-appropriate hierarchical speech recognition tests in a longitudinal study. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING: Six tertiary referral centers in t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electric charge requirements of pediatric cochlear implant recipients enrolled in the Childhood Development After Cochlear Implantation study.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · February 2008 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate mapping characteristics of children with cochlear implants who are enrolled in the Childhood Development After Cochlear Implantation (CDACI) multicenter study. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal evaluation during 24 months of speech processo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nasopharyngeal hairy polyp with recurrence in the middle ear.

Journal Article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · February 2008 A 6-year-old girl was referred to The Johns Hopkins Hospital for a suspected congenital cholesteatoma. The lesion was determined to be a recurrence of a nasopharyngeal hairy polyp removed in the postnatal period. Simple excision is normally regarded as cur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improvements in visual attention in deaf infants and toddlers after cochlear implantation

Journal Article Audiological Medicine · November 15, 2007 The aims of this study were to examine the development of visual attention in deaf and hearing infants and toddlers, and assess whether improvements in visual attention were observed in the deaf sample after 12 months of cochlear implantation. A novel pupp ... Full text Cite

Reduction of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea after vestibular schwannoma surgery by reconstruction of the drilled porus acusticus with hydroxyapatite bone cement.

Journal Article J Neurosurg · August 2007 OBJECT: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea remains a significant cause of morbidity after resection of vestibular schwannomas (VSs), with rates of rhinorrhea after this procedure reported to range between 0 and 27%. The authors investigated whether recon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Synaptic alterations at inner hair cells precede spiral ganglion cell loss in aging C57BL/6J mice.

Journal Article Hear Res · November 2006 Hearing deficits have often been associated with loss of or damage to receptor hair cells and/or degeneration of spiral ganglion cells. There are, however, some physiological abnormalities that are not reliably attributed to loss of these cells. The affere ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae meningitis complicated by hearing loss in a 9-year-old HIV-infected boy.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · August 2006 A 9-year old boy with perinatal HIV infection developed meningitis due to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. His course was complicated by progressive hearing loss due to labyrinthitis ossificans. Placement of cochlear implant improved hearing thresholds. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cochlear implantation in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 and bilateral vestibular schwannoma.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · June 2006 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the results of cochlear implantation in patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) and bilateral vestibular schwannoma. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Three academic tertiary referral centers. PATIENTS: Seven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficient quantification of afferent cochlear ultrastructure using design-based stereology.

Conference J Neurosci Methods · January 30, 2006 The afferent synapse between the auditory nerve fiber and the inner hair cell (IHC) represents a critical junction for hearing. Elucidation of the structure at this site will help establish the substrate for normal sound encoding as well as pathologic proc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictive models for cochlear implantation in elderly candidates.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · December 2005 OBJECTIVE: An aging American population carries a high prevalence of profound sensorineural hearing loss. We examined the performance of multichannel cochlear implant recipients in a large database of adult subjects. DESIGN: Nonconcurrent prospective study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cochlear implant outcome is not influenced by the choice of ear.

Conference Ear Hear · August 2005 OBJECTIVES: This study tested the hypothesis that patients with residual hearing in the nonimplanted ear had the same cochlear implant benefit whether the implanted ear had profound or severe hearing loss. DESIGN: A retrospective chart review of adult coch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Benign positional vertigo after cochlear implantation.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · May 2005 OBJECTIVE: To identify patients who underwent cochlear implantation (CI) and who subsequently developed benign positional vertigo (BPV) after the procedure and to identify any contributing factors. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Academic tertiary referral cente ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inner ear abnormalities in a Kcnq1 (Kvlqt1) knockout mouse: a model of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · May 2005 HYPOTHESIS: Mice lacking functional KCNQ1 (previously known as KvLQT1) channels exhibit functional and structural abnormalities that indicate disturbed production of endolymph. BACKGROUND: Congenital deafness associated with cardiac conduction abnormalitie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central effects of residual hearing: implications for choice of ear for cochlear implantation.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · October 2004 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The study tested the hypothesis that among patients with similar levels of residual hearing in the nonimplanted ear, speech perception outcome is the same whether or not the implanted ear has profound or severe levels of hearing loss ... Full text Link to item Cite

Two types of afferent terminals innervate cochlear inner hair cells in C57BL/6J mice.

Journal Article Brain Res · August 6, 2004 Afferent synapses on inner hair cells (IHC) transfer auditory information to the central nervous system (CNS). Despite the importance of these synapses for normal hearing, their response to cochlear disease and dysfunction is not well understood. The C57BL ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of central nervous system residua on cochlear implant results in children deafened by meningitis.

Conference Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · May 2004 BACKGROUND: This study explored factors associated with speech recognition outcomes in postmeningitic deafness (PMD). The results of cochlear implantation may vary in children with PMD because of sequelae that extend beyond the auditory periphery. OBJECTIV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temporal bone fracture.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · March 2004 Full text Link to item Cite

The functional age of hearing loss in a mouse model of presbycusis. II. Neuroanatomical correlates.

Journal Article Hear Res · September 2003 This report relates patterns of age-related outer hair cell (OHC) loss to auditory behavioral deficits in C57BL/6J mice. Hair cell counts were made from serial sections of the cochlear partition in three subject groups representing young (2-3 months), midd ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cochlear implantation update.

Journal Article Pediatr Clin North Am · April 2003 Cochlear implantation is recognized as a valuable intervention with important implications for the acquisition of speech perception and verbal language in children with severe to profound hearing impairment. Auditory rehabilitation, language intervention, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Task performance in stapedotomy: comparison between surgeons of different experience levels.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · January 2003 OBJECTIVES: Two steps in stapedotomy are particularly challenging: (1) micropick fenestration of the stapes footplate (SF) and (2) crimping of the stapes prosthesis (SP) to the incus. We conducted trials to determine if experience correlates with differenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Robot-assisted stapedotomy: micropick fenestration of the stapes footplate.

Journal Article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · November 2002 OBJECTIVE: Micropick fenestration of the stapes footplate, a difficult step in stapedotomy, was selected for trials evaluating the potential for robotic assistance (RA) to improve clinical measures of surgical performance. STUDY DESIGN: In a surgical model ... Full text Link to item Cite

Protein kinase C mediates potentiation of synaptic transmission by phorbol ester at parallel fibers in the dorsal cochlear nucleus.

Journal Article Brain Res · September 27, 2002 Many cells in the outer two layers of the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) express high levels of the phospholipid-activated, calcium dependent kinase, protein kinase C (PKC), an enzyme that can phosphorylate numerous proteins involved in neurotransmission an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of cochlear implants on the functional health status of older adults.

Journal Article Laryngoscope · August 2002 OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of cochlear implantation on quality of life changes in older adults aged 50 years and above. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study by questionnaire and chart review. METHODS: Forty-seven patients aged 50 to 80 years (mean age, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone: a radiographic-pathologic correlation.

Conference Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · July 2001 OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of a previously proposed staging system for patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 15 patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone ove ... Link to item Cite

Hearing rehabilitation using the BAHA bone-anchored hearing aid: results in 40 patients.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · May 2001 OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the U.S. experience with the first 40 patients who have undergone audiologic rehabilitation using the BAHA bone-anchored hearing aid. STUDY DESIGN: This study is a multicenter, nonblinded, retrospective case series. SETTING: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Targeted disruption of the Kvlqt1 gene causes deafness and gastric hyperplasia in mice.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · December 2000 The KvLQT1 gene encodes a voltage-gated potassium channel. Mutations in KvLQT1 underlie the dominantly transmitted Ward-Romano long QT syndrome, which causes cardiac arrhythmia, and the recessively transmitted Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, which caus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of deafferentation on the electrophysiology of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons.

Journal Article Hear Res · November 2000 When cochlear pathology impairs the afferent innervation of the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN), electrical responses of the auditory brainstem are altered and changes in cell and synaptic morphology are observed. However, the impact of deafferentation on t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Imaging quiz case 2. Cavernous hemangioma.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · October 2000 Link to item Cite

Imaging quiz case 4. Dentigerous cyst.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · October 2000 Link to item Cite

Cost-utility analysis of the cochlear implant in children.

Journal Article JAMA · August 16, 2000 CONTEXT: Barriers to the use of cochlear implants in children with profound deafness include device costs, difficulty assessing benefit, and lack of data to compare the implant with other medical interventions. OBJECTIVE: To determine the quality of life a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pathology forum: quiz case 4. Diagnosis: synovial chondromatosis of the TMJ.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · July 2000 Link to item Cite

Immune-mediated inner ear disease.

Journal Article Curr Opin Rheumatol · January 2000 Immune-mediated inner ear disease (IMIED) is a syndrome that includes the subacute onset of sensorineural hearing loss, often accompanied by vertigo and tinnitus. This constellation of symptoms may occur as a primary disorder in which no other organ involv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in educational placement and cost-benefit considerations in children with cochlear implants.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · May 1999 OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of cochlear implantation on the use of educational resources by profoundly hearing-impaired children and to determine trends in educational cost vs benefit. DESIGN: Retrospective study and cost-benefit analysis. SETTING: Out ... Full text Link to item Cite

An approach to fulminant invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in the immunocompromised host.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · May 1998 OBJECTIVE: To examine the pathogenesis of fulminant invasive fungal rhinosinusitis to determine factors that may affect patient survival. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 25 patients treated for invasive fungal rhinosinusitis over a 10-year period at ... Full text Link to item Cite

A model of educational resource use by children with cochlear implants.

Conference Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · September 1997 We have tracked patterns of use of educational and rehabilitative resources as part of an initial assessment of cost-benefit ratios of cochlear implants in children. Forty-two children with cochlear implants in the Listening Center at Johns Hopkins program ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of heterotopic neuroglial tissue with an arachnoid cyst in the internal auditory canal

Journal Article Skull Base Surgery · January 1, 1995 An arachnoid cyst arising within the internal auditory canal, or within the cerebellopontine angle and subsequently extending into the internal meatus and enlarging it, is a rare occurrence. Nevertheless, the neurootologist and the neurosurgeon have an int ... Full text Cite

Pathologic quiz case. Adenovirus infection of the adenoids.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · June 1994 Link to item Cite

Patterns of innervation of outer hair cells in a chimpanzee: II. Efferent endings.

Journal Article Hear Res · January 1993 A morphometric analysis of the efferent innervation of the outer hair cells in the organ of Corti of one chimpanzee was performed. There was a wide variability in the size of efferent endings which ranged from approximately 0.1 to 4.5 microns 3 in volume. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of innervation of outer hair cells in a chimpanzee: I. Afferent and reciprocal synapses.

Journal Article Hear Res · January 1993 Three varieties of synaptic specialization, afferent, efferent, and reciprocal, have been demonstrated at the base of outer hair cells of one chimpanzee. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the innervation density of afferent and reciprocal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Imaging quiz case. Noninvasive Aspergillus sinusitis.

Journal Article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · January 1993 Link to item Cite