Scholars@Duke
Husam Salah

Selected Publications

Comparison of supine and sitting pulmonary pressures in ambulatory heart failure patients using the novel Cordella pulmonary pressure system.

Journal Article ESC Heart Fail · October 2025 AIMS: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between supine and seated pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) measurements using the CordellaTM HF management system (Cordella) in patients with heart failure (HF). METHOD AND RESULTS: Paired supine an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimizing Pre-to-Post Discharge Transition of Care in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure - Part 3 of the International Expert Opinion Series on Acute Heart Failure Management.

Journal Article J Card Fail · September 28, 2025 Hospitalization for heart failure (HF) represents a pivotal event in the disease course, often signaling decompensation and an elevated risk of readmission, mortality, and functional decline. Despite advances in inpatient management, the transition from ho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Invasive haemodynamic assessment in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Journal Article ESC Heart Fail · June 2025 Despite the increasing prevalence and substantial burden of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which constitutes up to 50% of all heart failure cases, significant challenges persist in its diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. These d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lymphatic Drainage in Patients with Heart Failure: A Feasibility Study.

Journal Article J Cardiovasc Transl Res · April 2025 Lymphatic dysfunction contributes to congestion and end-organ damage in heart failure (HF), yet current therapies do not directly target lymphatic congestion. Thoracic duct (TD) drainage offers a novel approach to address this gap. This multicenter feasibi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Meta-Analysis of Renal Denervation Therapy During Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Atrial Fibrillation.

Journal Article Am J Cardiol · February 1, 2025 Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has been established as a first-line therapy for symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) in selected patients with symptomatic AF and in those whose antiarrhythmic drug treatment failed. However, AF recurrence rates after PVI re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Baroreflex Function in Cardiovascular Disease.

Journal Article J Card Fail · January 2025 The baroreflex system is involved in modulating several physiological functions of the cardiovascular system and can modulate cardiac output, blood pressure, and cardiac electrophysiology directly and indirectly. In addition, it is involved in regulating n ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Tri-Component (Glomerular, Tubular, and Metabolic) Assessment of Renal Function in Acute Heart Failure.

Journal Article J Clin Med · December 20, 2024 Background: Despite the prevalence of impaired renal function in acute heart failure (AHF) patients, the intricate relationship between glomerular, tubular, and metabolic renal function remains unexplored. We aimed to investigate the co-occurrence of glome ... Full text Link to item Cite

HFSA Scientific Statement: Update on Device Based Therapies in Heart Failure.

Journal Article J Card Fail · November 2024 Heart failure (HF) is 1 of the major challenges of our time, given its increase in prevalence and related mortality rates. Foundational pharmacological therapies, including angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), beta-blockers, mineralocorticoi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Heart Failure and All-Cause Hospitalizations in Patients With Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis.

Journal Article JAMA network open · November 2024 ImportanceHeart failure (HF) hospitalization is a common end point in HF trials; however, how HF hospitalization is associated with all-cause hospitalization in terms of proportionality, correlation of treatment effects, and concomitant reporting ... Full text Cite

Non-invasive heart failure monitoring: leveraging smart scales and digital biomarkers to improve heart failure outcomes.

Journal Article Heart Fail Rev · September 2024 Heart failure (HF) is a significant global concern, impacting patient morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Guideline-directed medical therapy and various preventive measures have proven effective in improving clinical outcomes and reducing HF hospit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interatrial Shunt Devices.

Journal Article Heart Fail Clin · January 2024 Elevated left atrial pressure during exercise is a hallmark of heart failure (HF) and is associated with adverse left atrial remodeling and poor outcomes. To decompress the pressure-overloaded left atrium in patients with HF, several device-based approache ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disparities in heart failure between White, Black, and Hispanic young adults: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Journal Article Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease · January 2024 BackgroundThe prevalence of heart failure (HF) is increasing among young adults in the United States with pervasive racial and ethnic differences in this population.ObjectiveTo evaluate contemporary associations between race and ethnicity ... Full text Cite

Biomarker Assessment of Lymphatic System Remodeling in Acute Heart Failure.

Journal Article Journal of cardiac failure · December 2023 Full text Cite

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in heart failure: Potential decongestive mechanisms and current clinical studies.

Journal Article Eur J Heart Fail · September 2023 Congestion is a key pathophysiological feature of heart failure (HF) syndrome that drives most of the clinical manifestations of acute HF and is related with poor quality of life and outcomes. Therefore, safe and effective decongestion is an important ther ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With in-Hospital Outcomes in Primary Heart Failure Hospitalizations With Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Journal Article Curr Probl Cardiol · August 2023 Recent studies focusing on the prevalence, characteristics, and outcomes of primary heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are sparse. We sought to asse ... Full text Link to item Cite

Device Interventions for Heart Failure.

Journal Article JACC Heart Fail · August 2023 Despite remarkable advances in drug therapy for heart failure (HF), the residual HF-related morbidity, mortality, and hospitalizations remain substantial across all HF phenotypes, and significant proportions of patients with HF remain symptomatic despite o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender Differences and Outcomes of Hypoattenuated Leaflet Thickening (HALT) Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-analysis of Randomized and Cohort Studies.

Journal Article Current problems in cardiology · July 2023 Subclinical leaflet thrombosis is characterized by hypoattenuated leaflet thickening (HALT) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) on computed tomography. However, given the low incidence of HALT after TAVR, the clinical significance of HALT i ... Full text Cite

Intravenous iron infusion in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and study-level meta-analysis.

Journal Article ESC Heart Fail · April 2023 AIMS: There is considerable variability in the effect of intravenous iron on hard cardiovascular (CV)-related outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We use a meta-analytic approach to analyse data from existing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of the Renal Lymphatic System in Heart Failure.

Journal Article Curr Heart Fail Rep · April 2023 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The lymphatic system plays a major but overlooked role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. Given the unique fluid homeostasis functions of the kidneys, dysregulation of the renal lymphatic system underlies the development of self-propagati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age, Hypertension, and Exercise Capacity are Independently Associated with Likelihood of Multi-Vessel Disease in Patients Referred for Treadmill Exercise Testing: The Intermediate-High-Workload Treadmill Score (IHWTS)

Journal Article Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine · April 1, 2023 Background: To identify factors that increase the specificity of the treadmill exercise test (TMET), and develop a novel scoring system which accounts for functional capacity to aid in determining the need for further testing. Methods: We retrospectively e ... Full text Cite

Role of Lymphatics in Heart Failure.

Journal Article J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv · 2023 The lymphatic system plays a crucial, yet often overlooked, role in maintaining fluid homeostasis, and its dysregulation is a key feature of heart failure (HF). Lymphatic dysregulation in patients with HF typically results from a combination of self-perpet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of Iron Deficiency on Clinical and Haemodynamic Parameters in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Cohorts.

Journal Article Heart, lung & circulation · December 2022 BackgroundIron deficiency (Fedef) has been shown to be common in patients with group 1 or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Several studies have shown a negative impact of Fedef on clinical and haemodynamic parameters of ... Full text Cite

Device Therapy for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Journal Article Cardiol Clin · November 2022 Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome with few options for effective pharmacologic therapies. Numerous device-based approaches to HFpEF therapy have emerged, which aim to treat the clinical and pathophysiologic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diaphragmatic Function in Cardiovascular Disease: JACC Review Topic of the Week.

Journal Article J Am Coll Cardiol · October 25, 2022 In addition to the diaphragm's role as the primary respiratory muscle, it also plays an under-recognized role in cardiac function. It serves as a pump facilitating venous and lymph return, modulating left ventricular afterload hemodynamics and pericardial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Cardiac Remodeling.

Journal Article J Cardiovasc Transl Res · October 2022 Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have evident cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes with or at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, heart failure with preser ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Journal Article Heart Fail Clin · October 2022 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a systemic disorder with cardiovascular manifestations; due to its complex and multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms, no effective pharmacologic treatment has been identified to date. Sodium-glucose cotran ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends and Characteristics of Hospitalizations in Patients With Heart Transplant.

Journal Article Curr Probl Cardiol · August 2022 There is limited data regarding the leading causes of hospitalization among heart transplant (HT) recipients and the characteristics of these hospitalizations. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample weighted data between Jan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-recovery COVID-19 and incident heart failure in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) study.

Journal Article Nat Commun · July 15, 2022 Cardiac involvement has been noted in COVID-19 infection. However, the relationship between post-recovery COVID-19 and development of de novo heart failure has not been investigated in a large, nationally representative population. We examined post-recover ... Full text Link to item Cite

Catheter-Based Management of Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Contemporary Data.

Journal Article Interv Cardiol Clin · July 2022 Device therapy for severe heart failure (HF) has shown efficacy both in acute and chronic settings. Recent percutaneous device innovations have pioneered a field known as interventional HF, providing clinicians with a variety of options for acute decompens ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends and characteristics of hospitalizations for heart failure in the United States from 2004 to 2018.

Journal Article ESC Heart Fail · April 2022 AIMS: Hospitalization for heart failure (HF) constitutes a major healthcare and economic burden. Trends and characteristics of hospitalizations for HF for the recent years are not clear. We sought to determine the trends and characteristics of hospitalizat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors initiation in patients with acute heart failure, with and without type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article Cardiovasc Diabetol · February 5, 2022 BACKGROUND: There is uncertainty and limited data regarding initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors among patients hospitalized with acute heart failure (AHF). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to establish the efficacy a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in hospitalizations for heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke in the United States from 2004 to 2018.

Journal Article Am Heart J · January 2022 AIM: To determine the trends in hospitalizations for heart failure (HF), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and stroke in the United States (US). METHOD AND RESULTS: A retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample weighted data between January 1, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognosis for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction with and without diabetes: A 7 year nationwide veteran administration analysis.

Journal Article Int J Cardiol · January 1, 2022 OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure. As a result, we sought to compare mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obesity; Its Prevalence, Consequences and Potential Therapies

Chapter · December 15, 2021 This book will serve as a resource and be of interest to health professionals, medical students, fellows, residents and graduate students. It will also evoke innovative research and effective approaches for the prevention of obesity. ... Cite

Relationship of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Journal Article JACC Basic Transl Sci · November 2021 Although there is an established bidirectional relationship between heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and liver disease, the association between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatt ... Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19 Vaccine and Myocarditis.

Journal Article The American journal of cardiology · October 2021 Full text Cite

Device Therapy in Chronic Heart Failure: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.

Journal Article J Am Coll Cardiol · August 31, 2021 The regulatory landscape for device-based heart failure (HF) therapies has seen a major shift in the last 7 years. In 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration released guidance for early feasibility and first-in-human studies, thereby encouraging device ... Full text Link to item Cite

Causes of hospitalization in the USA between 2005 and 2018.

Journal Article Eur Heart J Open · August 2021 In this report, we identify the 10 most common causes of hospitalizations in the USA in 2005-2018 using the discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample database. We show that sepsis has been the leading cause of hospitalizations in the USA followed b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lymphatic Dysregulation in Patients With Heart Failure: JACC Review Topic of the Week.

Journal Article J Am Coll Cardiol · July 6, 2021 The lymphatic system is an integral part of the circulatory system and plays an important role in the volume homeostasis of the human body. The complex anatomy and physiology paired with a lack of simple diagnostic tools to study the lymphatic system have ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 and 2 inhibitors on cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis update.

Journal Article Am Heart J · March 2021 In this report, we aim to provide an updated meta-analysis of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors trial data with the new trial data on sotagliflozin, a first-in-class dual SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibitor. We searched Medline, Cochrane library, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Aspirin on Mortality in COVID-19.

Journal Article The American journal of cardiology · March 2021 Full text Cite

Hypothesis: Sex-Related Differences in ACE2 Activity May Contribute to Higher Mortality in Men Versus Women With COVID-19.

Journal Article Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics · March 2021 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) facilitates the cellular entry of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) disease. Recent reports have shown worse outcomes in men with ... Full text Cite

Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on cardiovascular and kidney outcomes-Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.

Journal Article Am Heart J · February 2021 UNLABELLED: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) use is associated with improved cardiovascular and kidney outcomes. However, the magnitude and potential heterogeneity of effect across patients with varying types of cardiometabolic and kidney ... Full text Link to item Cite

Homelessness and Heart Failure

Conference CIRCULATION · 2021 Cite

Implications of renal ACE2 expression in the age of COVID-19.

Journal Article European heart journal · December 2020 Full text Cite

The Effect of Anticoagulation Use on Mortality in COVID-19 Infection.

Journal Article The American journal of cardiology · November 2020 Full text Cite

Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade and Mortality in Patients With Hypertension and COVID-19 Infection.

Journal Article Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics · November 2020 To determine the effect renin-angiotensin system blockers on the outcome in patients with hypertension and concurrent COVID-19 infection, we searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for relevant articles. Twelve studies with a total of 16, ... Full text Cite

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and COVID-19 infection.

Journal Article European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging · October 2020 Full text Cite

Dissecting myocardial mechanics in patients with severe aortic stenosis: 2-dimensional vs 3-dimensional-speckle tracking echocardiography.

Journal Article BMC cardiovascular disorders · January 2020 BackgroundAortic stenosis (AS) causes left ventricular (LV) pressure overload, leading to adverse LV remodeling and dysfunction. Identifying early subclinical markers of LV dysfunction in patients with significant AS is critical as this could prov ... Full text Cite