Scholars@Duke
Joseph Egger

Joseph Egger

Associate Professor of the Practice of Global Health
Duke Global Health Institute
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Selected Publications

Hopefulness among individuals living with schizophrenia and their caregivers in Tanzania: an actor-partner interdependence model.

Journal Article BMC psychiatry · July 2023 BackgroundHopefulness is a positive orientation or state of mind that can aid in the recovery and treatment of mental illness, as it can have significant impacts on clinical and psychosocial outcomes. As resource-constrained settings work to imple ... Full text Cite

Medical record bias in documentation of obstetric and neonatal clinical quality of care indicators in Uganda.

Journal Article Journal of clinical epidemiology · August 2021 ObjectiveTo achieve a high quality of care (QoC), accurate measurements are needed. This study evaluated the validity of QoC data from the medical records for childbirth deliveries and assessed whether medical records can be used to evaluate the e ... Full text Cite

Can Electronic Health Records Validly Estimate the Effects of Health System Interventions Aimed at Controlling Body Weight?

Journal Article Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · November 2020 ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare weight collected at clinics and recorded in the electronic health record (EHR) with primary study-collected trial weights to assess the validity of using EHR data in future pragmatic weight loss or weight gain ... Full text Cite

Predictors of Condomless Anal Intercourse in Young HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men With Detectable Viral Loads.

Journal Article The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · June 2020 PurposeA minority of young, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (YGBMSM) living with HIV in the U.S. achieve viral suppression, thus increasing the likelihood of viral transmission during condomless anal intercourse (CAI). The purpo ... Full text Cite

Beneath the Surface: A Comparison of Methods for Assessment of Quality of Care for Maternal and Neonatal Health Care in Rural Uganda.

Journal Article Maternal and child health journal · March 2020 ObjectivesEfforts to improve access to healthcare in low-income countries will not achieve the maternal and child health (MCH) Sustainable Development Goals unless a concomitant improvement in the quality of care (QoC) occurs. This study measures ... Full text Cite

A CACE for assessing non-compliance: Addressing non-compliance in randomised controlled trials.

Journal Article BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · December 2019 Full text Cite

The Balance protocol: a pragmatic weight gain prevention randomized controlled trial for medically vulnerable patients within primary care.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · May 17, 2019 BACKGROUND: For patients with obesity who are not ready for or experience barriers to weight loss, clinical practice guidelines recommend provider counseling on preventing further weight gain as a first-line treatment approach. Unfortunately, evidence-base ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A Randomized Trial of an Online Risk Reduction Intervention for Young Black MSM.

Conference AIDS Behav · May 2019 HealthMpowerment.org (HMP), is a mobile optimized, online intervention to reduce sexual risk behaviors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative young Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) by providing information and resources, fostering social support, and in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating Response Time in Zanzibar's Malaria Elimination Case-Based Surveillance-Response System.

Journal Article The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · February 2019 As countries transition toward malaria elimination, malaria programs rely on surveillance-response systems, which are often supported by web- and mobile phone-based reporting tools. Such surveillance-response systems are interventions for elimination, maki ... Full text Open Access Cite

Intensive Care Outcomes and Mortality Prediction at a National Referral Hospital in Western Kenya.

Journal Article Ann Am Thorac Soc · November 2018 RATIONALE: The burden of critical care is greatest in resource-limited settings. Intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes at public hospitals in Kenya are unknown. The present study is timely, given the Kenyan Ministry of Health initiative to expand ICU capacity ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epic Allies, a Gamified Mobile Phone App to Improve Engagement in Care, Antiretroviral Uptake, and Adherence Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Young Transgender Women Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article JMIR research protocols · April 2018 BackgroundIn the United States, young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and transgender women who have sex with men (YTWSM) bear a disproportionate burden of prevalent and incident HIV infections. Once diagnosed, many YMSM and YTWSM struggle to eng ... Full text Cite

Validation of spirometry prediction equations in western Kenya.

Journal Article Int J Tuberc Lung Dis · January 1, 2018 SETTING: Community of Eldoret, Kenya. OBJECTIVE: To test the performance of three commonly used spirometry prediction equations in a healthy Kenyan population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional assessment of healthy adults in Eldoret. RESULTS: Of the 331 subjects en ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating the effects of organizational and educational interventions on adherence to clinical practice guidelines in a low-resource primary-care setting in Kenya.

Journal Article Health policy and planning · July 2017 BackgroundMid-level care providers serve as the backbone of primary care in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. Despite this, research suggests that the quality and consistency of this care is uneven. This study assessed the degree to which a set of ... Full text Cite

Perioperative outcomes for pediatric neurosurgical procedures: analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatrics.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · March 2017 OBJECTIVE Existing studies have shown a high overall rate of adverse events (AEs) following pediatric neurosurgical procedures. However, little is known regarding the morbidity of specific procedures or the association with risk factors to help guide quali ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploring the HIV continuum of care among young black MSM.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2017 BackgroundHIV disproportionately impacts young, black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) who experience disparities across the HIV care continuum. A more nuanced understanding of facilitators and barriers to engagement in care, missed visits, antir ... Full text Cite

Neighborhood clustering of non-communicable diseases: results from a community-based study in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · March 5, 2016 BACKGROUND: In order to begin to address the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in sub-Saharan Africa, high quality community-based epidemiological studies from the region are urgently needed. Cluster-designed sampling methods may be most efficient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and correlates of proteinuria in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional pilot study.

Journal Article BMC Res Notes · February 16, 2016 BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in sub-Saharan Africa, few community-based screenings have been conducted in Uganda. Opportunities to improve the management of CKD in sub-Saharan Africa are limited by low aware ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Northern Tanzania: A Community-Based Study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of death among adults in sub-Saharan Africa, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health threat. Understanding knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with NCDs is vita ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Complications of Diabetes in the Kilimanjaro Region: A Population-Based Study from Tanzania.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, diabetes is a growing burden, yet little is known about its prevalence, risk factors, and complications. To address these gaps and help inform public health efforts aimed at prevention and treatment, we conducted a commun ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hopefulness among individuals living with schizophrenia and their caregivers in Tanzania: an actor-partner interdependence model.

Journal Article BMC psychiatry · July 2023 BackgroundHopefulness is a positive orientation or state of mind that can aid in the recovery and treatment of mental illness, as it can have significant impacts on clinical and psychosocial outcomes. As resource-constrained settings work to imple ... Full text Cite

Medical record bias in documentation of obstetric and neonatal clinical quality of care indicators in Uganda.

Journal Article Journal of clinical epidemiology · August 2021 ObjectiveTo achieve a high quality of care (QoC), accurate measurements are needed. This study evaluated the validity of QoC data from the medical records for childbirth deliveries and assessed whether medical records can be used to evaluate the e ... Full text Cite

Can Electronic Health Records Validly Estimate the Effects of Health System Interventions Aimed at Controlling Body Weight?

Journal Article Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · November 2020 ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare weight collected at clinics and recorded in the electronic health record (EHR) with primary study-collected trial weights to assess the validity of using EHR data in future pragmatic weight loss or weight gain ... Full text Cite

Predictors of Condomless Anal Intercourse in Young HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men With Detectable Viral Loads.

Journal Article The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · June 2020 PurposeA minority of young, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (YGBMSM) living with HIV in the U.S. achieve viral suppression, thus increasing the likelihood of viral transmission during condomless anal intercourse (CAI). The purpo ... Full text Cite

Beneath the Surface: A Comparison of Methods for Assessment of Quality of Care for Maternal and Neonatal Health Care in Rural Uganda.

Journal Article Maternal and child health journal · March 2020 ObjectivesEfforts to improve access to healthcare in low-income countries will not achieve the maternal and child health (MCH) Sustainable Development Goals unless a concomitant improvement in the quality of care (QoC) occurs. This study measures ... Full text Cite

A CACE for assessing non-compliance: Addressing non-compliance in randomised controlled trials.

Journal Article BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · December 2019 Full text Cite

The Balance protocol: a pragmatic weight gain prevention randomized controlled trial for medically vulnerable patients within primary care.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · May 17, 2019 BACKGROUND: For patients with obesity who are not ready for or experience barriers to weight loss, clinical practice guidelines recommend provider counseling on preventing further weight gain as a first-line treatment approach. Unfortunately, evidence-base ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A Randomized Trial of an Online Risk Reduction Intervention for Young Black MSM.

Conference AIDS Behav · May 2019 HealthMpowerment.org (HMP), is a mobile optimized, online intervention to reduce sexual risk behaviors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative young Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) by providing information and resources, fostering social support, and in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating Response Time in Zanzibar's Malaria Elimination Case-Based Surveillance-Response System.

Journal Article The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · February 2019 As countries transition toward malaria elimination, malaria programs rely on surveillance-response systems, which are often supported by web- and mobile phone-based reporting tools. Such surveillance-response systems are interventions for elimination, maki ... Full text Open Access Cite

Intensive Care Outcomes and Mortality Prediction at a National Referral Hospital in Western Kenya.

Journal Article Ann Am Thorac Soc · November 2018 RATIONALE: The burden of critical care is greatest in resource-limited settings. Intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes at public hospitals in Kenya are unknown. The present study is timely, given the Kenyan Ministry of Health initiative to expand ICU capacity ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epic Allies, a Gamified Mobile Phone App to Improve Engagement in Care, Antiretroviral Uptake, and Adherence Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Young Transgender Women Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article JMIR research protocols · April 2018 BackgroundIn the United States, young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and transgender women who have sex with men (YTWSM) bear a disproportionate burden of prevalent and incident HIV infections. Once diagnosed, many YMSM and YTWSM struggle to eng ... Full text Cite

Validation of spirometry prediction equations in western Kenya.

Journal Article Int J Tuberc Lung Dis · January 1, 2018 SETTING: Community of Eldoret, Kenya. OBJECTIVE: To test the performance of three commonly used spirometry prediction equations in a healthy Kenyan population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional assessment of healthy adults in Eldoret. RESULTS: Of the 331 subjects en ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating the effects of organizational and educational interventions on adherence to clinical practice guidelines in a low-resource primary-care setting in Kenya.

Journal Article Health policy and planning · July 2017 BackgroundMid-level care providers serve as the backbone of primary care in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. Despite this, research suggests that the quality and consistency of this care is uneven. This study assessed the degree to which a set of ... Full text Cite

Perioperative outcomes for pediatric neurosurgical procedures: analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatrics.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · March 2017 OBJECTIVE Existing studies have shown a high overall rate of adverse events (AEs) following pediatric neurosurgical procedures. However, little is known regarding the morbidity of specific procedures or the association with risk factors to help guide quali ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploring the HIV continuum of care among young black MSM.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2017 BackgroundHIV disproportionately impacts young, black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) who experience disparities across the HIV care continuum. A more nuanced understanding of facilitators and barriers to engagement in care, missed visits, antir ... Full text Cite

Neighborhood clustering of non-communicable diseases: results from a community-based study in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · March 5, 2016 BACKGROUND: In order to begin to address the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in sub-Saharan Africa, high quality community-based epidemiological studies from the region are urgently needed. Cluster-designed sampling methods may be most efficient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and correlates of proteinuria in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional pilot study.

Journal Article BMC Res Notes · February 16, 2016 BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in sub-Saharan Africa, few community-based screenings have been conducted in Uganda. Opportunities to improve the management of CKD in sub-Saharan Africa are limited by low aware ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Northern Tanzania: A Community-Based Study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of death among adults in sub-Saharan Africa, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health threat. Understanding knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with NCDs is vita ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Complications of Diabetes in the Kilimanjaro Region: A Population-Based Study from Tanzania.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, diabetes is a growing burden, yet little is known about its prevalence, risk factors, and complications. To address these gaps and help inform public health efforts aimed at prevention and treatment, we conducted a commun ... Full text Link to item Cite

The epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in Northern Tanzania: a population-based survey.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2015 BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, kidney failure has a high morbidity and mortality. Despite this, population-based estimates of prevalence, potential etiologies, and awareness are not available. METHODS: Between January and June 2014, we conducted a hous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of free distribution of safety equipment on usage among motorcycle-taxi drivers in Tanzania--A cluster randomised controlled trial.

Journal Article Injury · November 2014 INTRODUCTION: Deaths due to road traffic injuries, particularly motorcycle crashes, have increased rapidly in many African nations and context-specific strategies to improve preventative behaviours are needed. Although adhering to conspicuity measures by w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Baseline health-related quality of life and 10-year all-cause mortality among 1739 Chinese adults.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) may be associated with the longevity of patients; yet it is not clear whether this association holds in a general population, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of th ... Full text Link to item Cite