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Kara McGee

Associate Clinical Professor in the School of Nursing
School of Nursing
Pearson Building, Room 3065, Durham, NC 27710
311 Trent Drive, Room 3217, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications


An exploration of language: How nurses describe social factors that contribute to health.

Journal Article Nursing outlook · March 2023 BackgroundOver the last two centuries nurses have been practicing, teaching, and conducting research on social factors that contribute to health and the language has evolved over this time.PurposeTo explore how social factors that contrib ... Full text Cite

Examining Stigma and Disclosure Among Women With HIV in the Southern United States: Qualitative Study Guided by the Adaptive Leadership Framework for Chronic Illness.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · January 2023 AbstractStigma is a fundamental cause of health inequities. Guided by the Adaptive Leadership Framework for Chronic Illness (ALFCI), this descriptive qualitative study explored the challenges of stigma and disclosure experienced by women with HIV ... Full text Cite

Author Response.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · January 2023 Full text Cite

Combating Stigma in the Era of Monkeypox-Is History Repeating Itself?

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · November 2022 AbstractMen who have sex with men (MSM) and people with HIV (PWH) perceive, internalize, and experience significant stigma from family members, health care providers, and community members because of their sexual behaviors. The current monkeypox ( ... Full text Cite

Monkeypox Virus Outbreak 2022: Key Epidemiologic, Clinical, Diagnostic, and Prevention Considerations.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · November 2022 AbstractMonkeypox is a zoonotic infection that manifests as dermatologic lesions that may be painful or pruritic and can appear on the face, trunk, extremities, genitals, and mucosal surfaces. In 2022, cases of monkeypox increased exponentially an ... Full text Cite

Adaptive leadership in clinical encounters with women living with HIV.

Journal Article BMC women's health · June 2022 BackgroundWomen living with HIV (WLWH) report low engagement in health care, missed office visits, and less engagement in the clinical encounter. Strengthening the clinical encounter for WLWH may improve health outcomes and quality of life. The Ad ... Full text Cite

Adaptive Challenges, Adaptive Work, and Adaptive Leadership Among Women Living With HIV in the Southern United States: Findings From a Qualitative Study.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · May 2022 AbstractWomen living with HIV have a higher burden of non-AIDS comorbidities and prevalence of chronic conditions. The Adaptive Leadership Framework for Chronic Illness clarifies living with complex health challenges by delineating the technical w ... Full text Cite

Effective interprofessional precepting in a specialty clinic: Utilizing evidence and lived experiences to optimize the training of diverse learners

Journal Article Journal of Interprofessional Education and Practice · March 1, 2022 Preceptors often train students from different educational backgrounds. Many preceptors do not have adequate preparation to assess and educate students from backgrounds that differ from their own. Training students in specialty clinics creates additional c ... Full text Cite

Exploring Resilience Among Black Women Living With HIV in the Southern United States: Findings From a Qualitative Study.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · March 2022 AbstractBlack women living with HIV (WLWH) face individual and sociostructural challenges. Despite these challenges, many exemplify remarkable levels of resilience and coping. Yet, research on resilience and coping in this population is limited. T ... Full text Cite

HIV Clinician Workforce Shortage: Nurse Practitioners Filling the Gap

Journal Article Journal for Nurse Practitioners · January 1, 2022 The development of highly effective antiretroviral treatment has significantly decreased the disease burden and increased the life expectancy of people living with HIV. As people with HIV live longer, they will require ongoing HIV specialty and primary car ... Full text Cite

Case Report: Reversal of Integrase Inhibitor- and Tenofovir Alafenamide-Related Weight Gain After Switching Back to Efavirenz/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir DF.

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · August 2021 We report a case of substantial weight gain in a virologically suppressed patient with HIV after changing his antiretroviral therapy from efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF to elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide with subsequent ra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preexposure Prophylaxis Outcomes in an Urban Community in North Carolina: Discontinuation of Care and Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Journal Article Sex Transm Dis · March 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined long-term outcomes among persons who initiate preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the South, including PrEP discontinuation and sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates. METHODS: Care discontinuation (>6 months without ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy, pharmacokinetics and neurocognitive performance of dual, NRTI-sparing antiretroviral therapy in acute HIV-infection.

Journal Article AIDS · November 1, 2020 OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate penetration of antiretrovirals into compartments and efficacy of a dual, NRTI-sparing regimen in acute HIV infection (AHI). DESIGN: Single-arm, open-label pilot study of participants with AHI initiating rit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alarm at the Gate-Health and Social Inequalities are Comorbid Conditions of HIV and COVID-19.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · July 2020 Full text Cite

Video-Based Preconception Counseling for Women Living With HIV.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · January 2020 Full text Cite

Addressing Polypharmacy in Older Adults Living With HIV.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · January 2019 Full text Cite

Acute HIV Infection and CD4/CD8 Ratio Normalization After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation.

Journal Article Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · December 2018 BackgroundWe estimated the effect of initiating virologically suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute HIV infection versus chronic HIV infection (AHI vs. CHI) on CD4/CD8 ratio normalization.SettingA prospective clinical coho ... Full text Cite

Canary in the Coal Mine? Transmitted Mutations Conferring Resistance to All Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors in a Treatment-Naive Patient.

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · November 2018 Transmitted drug resistance to the integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) class of antiretrovirals is very rare. We present a case of a treatment-naive female patient with human immunodeficiency virus harboring resistance to all INSTIs, including bict ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Outcomes for PrEP Users in the Southern US: Persistence and STIs

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · October 1, 2018 Link to item Cite

An educational initiative in response to identified PrEP prescribing needs among PCPs in the Southern U.S.

Journal Article AIDS Care · May 2018 Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention method, but many primary care physicians (PCPs) have not incorporated PrEP into practice. While PrEP may be a key strategy to reducing high HIV transmission rates in the southern US, knowledge ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunogenicity of AGS-004 Dendritic Cell Therapy in Patients Treated During Acute HIV Infection.

Journal Article AIDS research and human retroviruses · January 2018 AGS-004 consists of matured autologous dendritic cells co-electroporated with in vitro transcribed RNA encoding autologous HIV antigens. In an open-label, single arm sub-study of AGS-004-003, AGS-004 was administered monthly to suppressed participants who ... Full text Cite

Fixed-dose combination emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz initiated during acute HIV infection; 96-week efficacy and durability.

Journal Article AIDS · November 28, 2016 BACKGROUND: Updated guidelines recommend immediate antiretroviral treatment (ART) during acute HIV infection (AHI), but efficacy data on regimens during AHI are limited. METHODS: We provide final data on a prospective, single-arm 96-week open-label study o ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Development of an HIV Training Program for Nurse Practitioners.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · May 2016 Responding to a national need for a new workforce of HIV care providers as the first generation of providers decrease their practices or retire, the Duke University School of Nursing, with funding from the Health Resources and Services Administration, deve ... Full text Cite

Reflections: A Case for Intersectional Approaches in HIV Research.

Journal Article AIDS research and human retroviruses · July 2015 Full text Cite

Incident sexually transmitted infection as a biomarker for high-risk sexual behavior after diagnosis of acute HIV.

Journal Article Sexually transmitted diseases · July 2014 BackgroundSexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis after diagnosis of acute HIV infection (AHI) indicates ongoing high-risk sexual behavior and possible risk of HIV transmission. We assessed predictors of STI acquisition and the effect of ti ... Full text Cite

Antiretroviral therapy initiated during acute HIV infection fails to prevent persistent T-cell activation.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · April 15, 2013 Initiation of antiretroviral therapy during acute HIV-1 infection may prevent persistent immune activation. We analyzed longitudinal CD38+HLA-DR+ CD8+ T-cell percentages in 31 acutely infected individuals who started early (median 43 days since infection) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute HIV-1 infection in the Southeastern United States: a cohort study.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · January 2013 In 1998 a collaboration between Duke University and the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (UNC) was founded to enhance identification of persons with acute HIV-1 infection (AHI). The Duke-UNC AHI Research Consortium Cohort consists of patients ≥18 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Massive CD8 T cell response to primary HIV infection in the setting of severe clinical presentation.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · August 2012 Acute HIV-1 infection causes a rapid total body depletion of CD4(+) T cells in most individuals and HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cell expansion in response to viral replication. A numerically high CD8 T cell response may indicate limited T cell repertoire again ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD4+CD8+ T cells represent a significant portion of the anti-HIV T cell response to acute HIV infection.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 1, 2012 Previous studies have revealed that HIV-infected individuals possess circulating CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (DP) T cells specific for HIV Ags. In the present study, we analyzed the proliferation and functional profile of circulating DP T cells from 30 ac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disability and home hazards and safety practices in US households.

Journal Article Disability and health journal · January 2012 BackgroundIndividuals with disabilities have an elevated risk of residential injury. However, the prevalence of home hazards and safety practices among households where an individual with a disability resides is unknown.MethodsThis study ... Full text Cite

Efficacy of NNRTI-based antiretroviral therapy initiated during acute HIV infection.

Journal Article AIDS · April 24, 2011 OBJECTIVE: Characterize responses to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiated during acute HIV infection (AHI). DESIGN: This was a prospective, single-arm evaluation of once-daily, co-formulated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship between functional profile of HIV-1 specific CD8 T cells and epitope variability with the selection of escape mutants in acute HIV-1 infection.

Journal Article PLoS Pathog · February 10, 2011 In the present study, we analyzed the functional profile of CD8+ T-cell responses directed against autologous transmitted/founder HIV-1 isolates during acute and early infection, and examined whether multifunctionality is required for selection of virus es ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance among acute and recent HIV infections in North Carolina from 1998 to 2007.

Journal Article Antiviral therapy · January 2009 BackgroundTransmitted drug resistance (TDR) limits antiretroviral options and thus complicates the management of HIV-positive patients. HIV disproportionately affects the southern US, but available national estimates of TDR prevalence principally ... Full text Cite

Risk and protective factors for fires, burns, and carbon monoxide poisoning in U.S. households.

Journal Article American journal of preventive medicine · January 2005 BackgroundMore needs to be known about the prevalence of risk and protective factors for fires, burns, and carbon monoxide poisoning in U.S. households.MethodsA random-digit-dial survey was conducted about home safety with 1003 respondent ... Full text Cite

Injury questions on household surveys from around the world.

Journal Article Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · December 2004 Full text Cite

Guidelines for conducting community surveys on injuries and violence.

Journal Article Injury Control and Safety Promotion · January 1, 2004 Cite

The epidemiology of drowning worldwide.

Journal Article Injury control and safety promotion · December 2003 The purpose of this analysis was to quantify the magnitude of death and disability from drowning and near-drowning worldwide and to provide epidemiological data on which to base prevention efforts. All data are from the Global Burden of Disease 2000 (Versi ... Full text Cite

Review of evaluations of educational approaches to promote safe storage of firearms.

Journal Article Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · June 2003 ObjectiveTo systematically review evaluation studies of educational interventions promoting safe firearm storage.MethodsMedline, ERIC, PsycINFO, Criminal Justice Periodicals Index, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ... Full text Cite

Injury surveillance.

Journal Article Injury control and safety promotion · March 2003 Full text Cite

The association of handgun ownership and storage practices with safety consciousness.

Journal Article Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · August 2002 BACKGROUND: As with other injury prevention practices, education about safe firearm storage is recommended to prevent injuries to children. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether parents who are safety conscious in other respects also practice firearm safety. METHOD ... Full text Link to item Cite