Madhav Swaminathan | Scholars@Duke

Madhav Swaminathan
Professor of Anesthesiology

My overall goal is to elucidate mechanisms of and risk factors for perioperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing heart surgery with emphasis the role of early recovery of kidney function. A special area of interest is the phenomenon of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. We have successfully developed an algorithm to help simplify the detection of diastolic dysfunction using echocardiography during heart surgery. A future goal is to explore interventions that help prevent or reduce the severity of diastolic dysfunction postoperatively.

Current Research Interests

Cell based therapies for acute postoperative kidney injury
Longitudinal assessment of perioperative diastolic dysfunction
Optimization pathways for improving surgical outcomes
Improving healthcare resource utilization by reducing waste in perioperative medications

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic, Anesthesiology 2015

Contact Information

Box 3094 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
Erwin Rd, 5691F Hafs Building, Durham, NC 27710
madhav.swaminathan@duke.edu (919) 681-6532

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Clinical Fellow, Cardiac Anesthesia, Royal Victoria Hospital (UK) 1999 - 2000
- Overseas Scholar, Anesthesia, Catholic University of Leuven - Belgium 1998 - 1999
- Attending Cardiac Anesthesiologist, Cardiac Anesthesiology, Escorts Heart Institute & Research Center (India) 1996 - 1998
- Resident, Cardiac Anesthesiology, Escorts Heart Institute & Research Center (India) 1994 - 1996
- Resident, Safdarjang Hospital (India) 1990 - 1994
- M.B.B.S., University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi University (India) 1990
Duke Appointment History
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic, Anesthesiology 2011 - 2015
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic, Anesthesiology 2007 - 2011
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic, Anesthesiology 2006 - 2007
- Assistant Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic, Anesthesiology 2003 - 2006
- Assistant Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, General, Vascular, High Risk Transplant & Critical Care, Anesthesiology 2002 - 2003
- Visiting Associate in the Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic, Anesthesiology 2000 - 2002
Leadership & Clinical Positions at Duke
- Vice-Chair, Faculty Development, Duke Anesthesiology
  Clinical Director, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine
  Assistant OR Director
Recognition
In the News
- JUN 26, 2019 Duke anesthesiology
  
  Anesthesiologist Madhav Swaminathan Takes the Presidency of Echocardiography Society
Expertise
Subject Headings
Global Scholarship
- Teaching
Research
Selected Grants
- Quark 309 2018 - 2022
- Sentien SB-101 2017 - 2020
- Angion AKI 2016 - 2020
- Quark Pharmaceuticals 2016 - 2018
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Wiegers, S. E., T. Ryan, J. A. Arrighi, S. M. Brown, B. Canaday, J. B. Damp, J. L. Diaz-Gomez, et al. “2019 ACC/AHA/ASE Advanced Training Statement on Echocardiography (Revision of the 2003 ACC/AHA Clinical Competence Statement on Echocardiography): A Report of the ACC Competency Management Committee.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology 74, no. 3 (July 23, 2019): 377–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2019.02.003.
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  - Klinger, Rebecca Y., Mary Cooter, Tiffany Bisanar, Niccolò Terrando, Miles Berger, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Mark Stafford-Smith, Mark F. Newman, Joseph P. Mathew, and Joseph P. Neurologic Outcomes Research Group of the Duke Heart Center. “Intravenous Lidocaine Does Not Improve Neurologic Outcomes after Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial..” Anesthesiology 130, no. 6 (June 2019): 958–70. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002668.
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  - Bishawi, Muath, Giorgio Zanotti, Linda Shaw, Michael MacKenzie, Anthony Castleberry, Karsten Bartels, Jacob Schroder, et al. “Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Immediately After Heart Transplant and Long-Term Outcomes..” Ann Thorac Surg 107, no. 5 (May 2019): 1348–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.10.065.
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  - Bouchez, Stefaan, G Burkhard Mackensen, Eckhard Mauermann, Linda McCleish, Frederick Cobey, Madhav Swaminathan, and Patrick Wouters. “Differences in Two- and Three-Dimensional Assessment of the Mitral Valve by Novices and Experts, Illustrated Using Anterior Mitral Valve Leaflet Length..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 33, no. 4 (April 2019): 1022–28. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2018.07.001.
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  - Alenezi, Fawaz, Marat Fudim, Jennifer Rymer, Allison Dunning, Karen Chiswell, Madhav Swaminathan, Brandi Bottiger, et al. “Predictors and Changes in Cardiac Hemodynamics and Geometry With Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation..” Am J Cardiol 123, no. 5 (March 1, 2019): 813–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.11.038.
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  - Fierro, Michael A., Eric I. Ehieli, Mary Cooter, Austin Traylor, Mark Stafford-Smith, Madhav Swaminathan, and Madhav Duke Critical Care Outcomes Research Endeavors (C-CORE) Group. “Renal Angina Is a Sensitive, but Nonspecific Identifier of Postcardiac Surgery Acute Kidney Injury..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 33, no. 2 (February 2019): 357–64. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2018.07.017.
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  - Kochar, Ajar, Jennifer Rymer, Zainab Samad, and Zainab Duke Cardiovascular Education Group. “Disrupting Fellow Education Through Group Texting: WhatsApp in Fellow Education?.” J Am Coll Cardiol 72, no. 25 (December 25, 2018): 3366–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.007.
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  - Gregory, Stephen H., Suraj M. Yalamuri, Muath Bishawi, and Madhav Swaminathan. “The Perioperative Management of Ascending Aortic Dissection..” Anesth Analg 127, no. 6 (December 2018): 1302–13. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000003747.
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  - Corey, Kristin M., Sehj Kashyap, Elizabeth Lorenzi, Sandhya A. Lagoo-Deenadayalan, Katherine Heller, Krista Whalen, Suresh Balu, et al. “Development and validation of machine learning models to identify high-risk surgical patients using automatically curated electronic health record data (Pythia): A retrospective, single-site study..” Plos Med 15, no. 11 (November 2018). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002701.
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  - Sigurdsson, Martin I., Eun J. Eoh, Vinca W. Chow, Nathan H. Waldron, Jayne Cleve, Alina Nicoara, Madhav Swaminathan, and Madhav Multidisciplinary Echo Research Group for Enhancing Discovery (MERGED) team. “Utility of Angle Correction for Hemodynamic Measurements with Doppler Echocardiography..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 32, no. 4 (August 2018): 1768–74. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2018.04.020.
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  - Andrew, Benjamin Y., Anne D. Cherry, Jennifer N. Hauck, Alina Nicoara, Cory D. Maxwell, Ryan M. Konoske, Annemarie Thompson, Lakshmi D. Kartha, Madhav Swaminathan, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “The Association of Aortic Valve Pathology With Renal Resistive Index as a Kidney Injury Biomarker..” Ann Thorac Surg 106, no. 1 (July 2018): 107–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.01.020.
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  - Nicoara, Alina, David Ruffin, Mary Cooter, Chetan B. Patel, Annemarie Thompson, Jacob N. Schroder, Mani A. Daneshmand, et al. “Primary graft dysfunction after heart transplantation: Incidence, trends, and associated risk factors..” Am J Transplant 18, no. 6 (June 2018): 1461–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.14588.
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  - Aronson, Solomon, Julie Westover, Nicole Guinn, Tracy Setji, Paul Wischmeyer, Padma Gulur, Thomas Hopkins, et al. “A Perioperative Medicine Model for Population Health: An Integrated Approach for an Evolving Clinical Science..” Anesth Analg 126, no. 2 (February 2018): 682–90. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000002606.
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  - Waldron, Nathan H., John C. Haney, Arturo Suarez, and Madhav Swaminathan. “The Value of Echocardiography in Unexpected Valve Disease in a Patient With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Less Is Not Always the Right Answer..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 32, no. 1 (February 2018): 389–92. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2017.06.022.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Mark Stafford-Smith, Glenn M. Chertow, David G. Warnock, Viken Paragamian, Robert M. Brenner, François Lellouche, et al. “Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of AKI after Cardiac Surgery..” J Am Soc Nephrol 29, no. 1 (January 2018): 260–67. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2016101150.
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  - Fontnouvelle, Christina A. de, Jason H. Greenberg, Heather R. Thiessen-Philbrook, Michael Zappitelli, Jeremy Roth, Kathleen F. Kerr, Prasad Devarajan, et al. “Interleukin-8 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Predict Acute Kidney Injury After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery..” Ann Thorac Surg 104, no. 6 (December 2017): 2072–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.04.038.
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  - Markin, Nicholas W., Madhav Swaminathan, and Frederick C. Cobey. “Occam's Foil: When One Diagnosis Isn't Enough..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31, no. 6 (December 2017). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2017.05.019.
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  - Karhausen, Jörn A., Alan M. Smeltz, Igor Akushevich, Mary Cooter, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Mark Stafford-Smith, Susan M. Martinelli, Manuel L. Fontes, and Miklos D. Kertai. “Platelet Counts and Postoperative Stroke After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery..” Anesth Analg 125, no. 4 (October 2017): 1129–39. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000002187.
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  - McCartney, Sharon L., Bradford Berndt, Muath Bishawi, Donald Glower, Madhav Swaminathan, and Alina Nicoara. “Left Atrial Appendage Membrane in a Patient Presenting with Stroke..” Case (Phila) 1, no. 5 (October 2017): 179–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.case.2017.07.004.
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  - Ursprung, Eric, Madhav Swaminathan, and Frederick C. Cobey. “Using Ultrasound Wisely: A Tool to Enhance Good Clinical Practice..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31, no. 5 (October 2017). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2017.04.040.
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  - Cobey, Frederick C., Frederick Y. Chen, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Friday at Five: The Art of Medicine..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31, no. 4 (August 2017). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2017.02.027.
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  - Eoh, Eun J., Ryan Konoske, Madhav Swaminathan, and Cory Maxwell. “Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Complicated by Migrated Coronary Stent..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31, no. 4 (August 2017): 1326–28. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2016.09.030.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Feroze Mahmood. “The Value of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Transcatheter Valve Procedures: Is it Still Questionable?.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31, no. 4 (August 2017): 1329–30. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2016.12.016.
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  - Nadkarni, Girish N., Steven G. Coca, Allison Meisner, Shanti Patel, Kathleen F. Kerr, Uptal D. Patel, Jay L. Koyner, et al. “Urinalysis findings and urinary kidney injury biomarker concentrations..” Bmc Nephrol 18, no. 1 (July 6, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-017-0629-z.
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  - McCartney, Sharon L., Mary Cooter, Zainab Samad, Joseph Sivak, Anthony Castleberry, Stephen Gregory, John Haney, Matthew Hartwig, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Mitral Regurgitation After Orthotopic Lung Transplantation: Natural History and Impact on Outcomes..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31, no. 3 (June 2017): 924–30. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2016.10.025.
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  - Mauricio Del Rio, J., Alina Nicoara, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Neuroendocrine stress response: implications for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury..” Rom J Anaesth Intensive Care 24, no. 1 (April 2017): 57–63. https://doi.org/10.21454/rjaic.7518.241.hav.
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  - Cobey, Frederick C., Renata Ferreira, W. W. Ursprung, Joern Karhausen, Madhav Swaminathan, and G Burkhard Mackensen. “A Novel Approach to Assess the Three-Dimensional Anatomy of a Mitral Valve Regurgitant Jet Orifice..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31, no. 1 (February 2017): 169–73. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2016.09.007.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Kathryn E. Glas, Lori Heller, John G. T. Augoustides, William C. Culp, and Roman M. Sniecinski. “Mission Possible: Successful Careers in Adult Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology-What I Wish I Had Known in the First 5 Years After Fellowship..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31, no. 1 (February 2017): 321–28. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2016.10.013.
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  - Gregory, Stephen H., Madhav Swaminathan, Yasmin Maisonave, and Kelly A. Machovec. “Management of 1-Lung Ventilation in a Patient With Failing Fontan Circulation..” A a Case Rep 7, no. 8 (October 15, 2016): 177–80. https://doi.org/10.1213/XAA.0000000000000377.
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  - Whitener, George, Joseph Sivak, Igor Akushevich, Zainab Samad, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Grading Aortic Stenosis With Mean Gradient and Aortic Valve Area: A Comparison Between Preoperative Transthoracic and Precardiopulmonary Bypass Transesophageal Echocardiography..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 30, no. 5 (October 2016): 1254–59. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2016.05.012.
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  - Belley-Côté, Emilie P., Chirag R. Parikh, Colleen R. Shortt, Steven G. Coca, Amit X. Garg, John W. Eikelboom, Peter Kavsak, et al. “Association of cardiac biomarkers with acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: A multicenter cohort study..” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 152, no. 1 (July 2016): 245-251.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.02.029.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, Robina Matyal, Nikolaos Skubas, Mario Montealegre-Gallegos, Madhav Swaminathan, Andre Denault, Roman Sniecinski, et al. “Perioperative Ultrasound Training in Anesthesiology: A Call to Action..” Anesth Analg 122, no. 6 (June 2016): 1794–1804. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000001134.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, Jelliffe Jeganathan, Rabya Saraf, Sajid Shahul, Madhav Swaminathan, G Burkhard Mackensen, Ziyad Knio, and Robina Matyal. “A Practical Approach to an Intraoperative Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography Examination..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 30, no. 2 (April 2016): 470–90. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2015.10.014.
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  - Whitener, George, Jeff McKenzie, Igor Akushevich, William D. White, Ishwori B. Dhakal, Alina Nicoara, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Discordance in Grading Methods of Aortic Stenosis by Pre-Cardiopulmonary Bypass Transesophageal Echocardiography..” Anesth Analg 122, no. 4 (April 2016): 953–58. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000001099.
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  - Coca, Steven G., Girish N. Nadkarni, Amit X. Garg, Jay Koyner, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, Eric McArthur, Michael G. Shlipak, Chirag R. Parikh, and Chirag R. TRIBE-AKI Consortium. “First Post-Operative Urinary Kidney Injury Biomarkers and Association with the Duration of AKI in the TRIBE-AKI Cohort..” Plos One 11, no. 8 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161098.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Three-Dimensional Imaging and Systolic Anterior Motion: Providing Vision to a Sight..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 30, no. 1 (January 2016): e3–4. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2015.04.016.
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  - Maxwell, Cory, Anne Cherry, Mani Daneshmand, Madhav Swaminathan, and Alina Nicoara. “Assessment of Coronary Blood Flow by Transesophageal Echocardiography..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 30, no. 1 (January 2016): 258–60. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2015.08.030.
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  - Koyner, Jay L., Steven G. Coca, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, Uptal D. Patel, Michael G. Shlipak, Amit X. Garg, Chirag R. Parikh, Chirag R. Translational Research Investigating Biomarker Endpoints for Acute Kidney Injury (TRIBE-AKI) Consortium, and Chirag R. Translational Research Investigating Biomarker Endpoints for Acute Kidney Injury TRIBE-AKI Consortium. “Urine Biomarkers and Perioperative Acute Kidney Injury: The Impact of Preoperative Estimated GFR..” Am J Kidney Dis 66, no. 6 (December 2015): 1006–14. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.07.027.
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  - Maxwell, Cory D., Sean M. Daley, Madhav Swaminathan, and Alina Nicoara. “Intraoperative, Real-Time Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography for the Transcatheter Placement of an Edwards SAPIEN Aortic Valve in the Mitral Position for Severe Mitral Stenosis..” Anesth Analg 121, no. 6 (December 2015): 1456–59. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000000973.
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  - Stafford-Smith, Mark, Yi-Ju Li, Joseph P. Mathew, Yen-Wei Li, Yunqi Ji, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Carmelo A. Milano, et al. “Genome-wide association study of acute kidney injury after coronary bypass graft surgery identifies susceptibility loci..” Kidney Int 88, no. 4 (October 2015): 823–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.2015.161.
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  - Gerlach, Rebecca M., Adam B. Barrus, Danny Ramzy, Antonio Hernandez Conte, Swapnil Khoche, Sharon L. McCartney, and Madhav Swaminathan. “CASE 7---2015: Perioperative Considerations for a Cardiac Paraganglioma...Not Just Another Cardiac Mass..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 29, no. 4 (August 2015): 1065–70. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2015.01.016.
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  - Nicoara, A., and M. Swaminathan. “Diastolic dysfunction, diagnostic and perioperative management in cardiac surgery.” Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 28, no. 1 (February 13, 2015): 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000141.
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  - Nicoara, Alina, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Diastolic dysfunction, diagnostic and perioperative management in cardiac surgery..” Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 28, no. 1 (February 2015): 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000141.
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  - Bottiger, B., S. McCartney, I. Akushevich, A. Nicoara, M. Yanamadala, and M. Swaminathan. “Use of mobile tablet devices and reduction in time to perioperative transesophageal echocardiography reporting: a historical cohort study.” Canadian Journal of Anesthesia 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-014-0250-6.
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  - Bottiger, Brandi, Sharon McCartney, Igor Akushevich, Alina Nicoara, Mamata Yanamadala, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Use of mobile tablet devices and reduction in time to perioperative transesophageal echocardiography reporting: a historical cohort study..” Can J Anaesth 62, no. 1 (January 2015): 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-014-0250-6.
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  - Moledina, Dennis G., Chirag R. Parikh, Amit X. Garg, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, Jay L. Koyner, Uptal D. Patel, Prasad Devarajan, Michael G. Shlipak, Steven G. Coca, and Steven G. TRIBE-AKI Consortium. “Association of Perioperative Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels with 3-Year Mortality after Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study..” Plos One 10, no. 6 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129619.
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  - Hauck, J., A. Osho, A. Castleberry, M. Hartwig, L. Reddy, B. Phillips-Bute, M. Swaminathan, J. Mathew, and M. Stafford-Smith. “Acute kidney injury after ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP)..” Transplant Proc 46, no. 10 (December 2014): 3598–3602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.06.068.
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  - McCartney, Sharon L., Brian J. Colin, R. Duane Davis, J Mauricio Del Rio, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Pulmonary dysfunction after lung transplantation: the dilemma of coexisting mitral regurgitation..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 28, no. 6 (December 2014): 1696–99. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2014.06.017.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Feroze Mahmood. “Caval thrombosis: imaging and managing a moving target..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 28, no. 5 (October 2014). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2014.06.018.
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  - Khan, Usman A., Steven G. Coca, Kwangik Hong, Jay L. Koyner, Amit X. Garg, Cary S. Passik, Madhav Swaminathan, et al. “Blood transfusions are associated with urinary biomarkers of kidney injury in cardiac surgery..” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 148, no. 2 (August 2014): 726–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.09.080.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhay, and Feroze Mahmood. “When i do a TEE, am I ready for what comes next?.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 28, no. 4 (August 2014). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2014.03.015.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Alina Nicoara. “Quality in perioperative echocardiography: it's about time..” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 27, no. 7 (July 2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2014.05.002.
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  - Cobey, Frederick C., Madhav Swaminathan, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Martin Hyca, Donald D. Glower, Pamela S. Douglas, Andrew D. Shaw, Joseph P. Mathew, and G Burkhard Mackensen. “Quantitative assessment of mitral valve coaptation using three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography..” Ann Thorac Surg 97, no. 6 (June 2014): 1998–2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.01.015.
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  - Ferreira, Renata G., Alina Nicoara, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Mani Daneshmand, Jochen D. Muehlschlegel, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Diastolic dysfunction in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: the role of gender and age-gender interaction..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 28, no. 3 (June 2014): 626–30. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.11.010.
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  - Nicoara, Alina, George Whitener, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Perioperative Diastolic Dysfunction: A Comprehensive Approach to Assessment by Transesophageal Echocardiography..” Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 18, no. 2 (June 2014): 218–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1089253213505686.
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  - Coca, Steven G., Amit X. Garg, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, Jay L. Koyner, Uptal D. Patel, Harlan M. Krumholz, Michael G. Shlipak, Chirag R. Parikh, and Chirag R. TRIBE-AKI Consortium. “Urinary biomarkers of AKI and mortality 3 years after cardiac surgery..” J Am Soc Nephrol 25, no. 5 (May 2014): 1063–71. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2013070742.
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  - James, M. L., N. D. Andersen, M. Swaminathan, B. Phillips-Bute, J. M. Hanna, G. R. Smigla, M. E. Barfield, et al. “Predictors of electrocerebral inactivity with deep hypothermia.” Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 147, no. 3 (March 1, 2014): 1002–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.03.022.
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  - James, Michael L., Nicholas D. Andersen, Madhav Swaminathan, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Jennifer M. Hanna, Gregory R. Smigla, Michael E. Barfield, et al. “Predictors of electrocerebral inactivity with deep hypothermia..” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 147, no. 3 (March 2014): 1002–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.03.022.
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  - Sickeler, R., B. Phillips-Bute, M. D. Kertai, J. Schroder, J. P. Mathew, M. Swaminathan, and M. Stafford-Smith. “The risk of acute kidney injury with co-occurrence of anemia and hypotension during cardiopulmonary bypass relative to anemia alone.” Annals of Thoracic Surgery 97, no. 3 (March 1, 2014): 865–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.09.060.
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  - Sickeler, Robert, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Miklos D. Kertai, Jacob Schroder, Joseph P. Mathew, Madhav Swaminathan, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “The risk of acute kidney injury with co-occurrence of anemia and hypotension during cardiopulmonary bypass relative to anemia alone..” Ann Thorac Surg 97, no. 3 (March 2014): 865–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.09.060.
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  - Bartels, K., R. H. Thiele, B. Phillips-Bute, D. D. Glower, M. Swaminathan, J. Kisslo, and G. Burkhard Mackensen. “Dynamic indices of mitral valve function using perioperative three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 28, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.03.024.
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  - Bartels, Karsten, Robert H. Thiele, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Donald D. Glower, Madhav Swaminathan, Joseph Kisslo, and G. Burkhard Mackensen. “Dynamic indices of mitral valve function using perioperative three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 28, no. 1 (February 2014): 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.03.024.
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  - Dobbs, Heather A., Elliott Bennett-Guerrero, William White, Stanton K. Shernan, Alina Nicoara, J Mauricio Del Rio, Mark Stafford-Smith, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Multinational institutional survey on patterns of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography use in adult cardiac surgery..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 28, no. 1 (February 2014): 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.09.014.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Feroze Mahmood. “Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography: more than just pretty pictures..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 28, no. 1 (February 2014). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.10.029.
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  - Cobey, F. C., M. Swaminathan, B. Phillips-Bute, M. Hyca, D. D. Glower, P. S. Douglas, A. D. Shaw, J. P. Mathew, and G. B. Mackensen. “Quantitative assessment of mitral valve coaptation using three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.” Annals of Thoracic Surgery 97, no. 6 (January 1, 2014): 1998–2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.01.015.
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  - Ferreira, R. G., A. Nicoara, B. G. Phillips-Bute, M. Daneshmand, J. D. Muehlschlegel, and M. Swaminathan. “Diastolic dysfunction in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: The role of gender and age-gender interaction.” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 28, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 626–30. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.11.010.
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  - Khan, U. A., S. G. Coca, K. Hong, J. L. Koyner, A. X. Garg, C. S. Passik, M. Swaminathan, et al. “Blood transfusions are associated with urinary biomarkers of kidney injury in cardiac surgery.” Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 148, no. 2 (January 1, 2014): 726–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.09.080.
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  - Sickeler, R., B. Phillips-Bute, M. D. Kertai, J. Schroder, J. P. Mathew, M. Swaminathan, and M. Stafford-Smith. “The risk of acute kidney injury with co-occurrence of anemia and hypotension during cardiopulmonary bypass relative to anemia alone.” Annals of Thoracic Surgery 97, no. 3 (2014): 865–71.
  - Badescu, G. C., J. Kisslo, N. Risum, D. D. Glower, and M. Swaminathan. “Dyssynchrony: A different kind of mitral regurgitation.” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 27, no. 6 (December 1, 2013): 1421–23. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.06.025.
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  - Badescu, Gina C., Joseph Kisslo, Niels Risum, Donald D. Glower, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Dyssynchrony: a different kind of mitral regurgitation..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 27, no. 6 (December 2013): 1421–23. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.06.025.
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  - Mathew, Joseph P., William D. White, David B. Schinderle, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Miles Berger, Carmelo A. Milano, Daniel T. Laskowitz, et al. “Intraoperative magnesium administration does not improve neurocognitive function after cardiac surgery..” Stroke 44, no. 12 (December 2013): 3407–13. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002703.
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  - Swaminathan, M., and F. Mahmood. “Mitral regurgitation: Focusing on the cause rather than the effect.” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 27, no. 6 (December 1, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.06.023.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Feroze Mahmood. “Mitral regurgitation: focusing on the cause rather than the effect..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 27, no. 6 (December 2013). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.06.023.
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  - Coca, Steven G., Amit X. Garg, Madhav Swaminathan, Susan Garwood, Kwangik Hong, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, Cary Passik, Jay L. Koyner, Chirag R. Parikh, and Chirag R. TRIBE-AKI Consortium. “Preoperative angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blocker use and acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery..” Nephrol Dial Transplant 28, no. 11 (November 2013): 2787–99. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gft405.
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  - Ferreira, R. G., M. W. Brandon, S. A. Esper, and M. Swaminathan. “Quantitative and Semiquantitative Echocardiography: Ventricular and Valvular Physiology,” September 1, 2013, 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4557-0761-4.00012-8.
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  - Reeves, Scott T., Alan C. Finley, Nikolaos J. Skubas, Madhav Swaminathan, William S. Whitley, Kathryn E. Glas, Rebecca T. Hahn, et al. “Special article: basic perioperative transesophageal echocardiography examination: a consensus statement of the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists..” Anesth Analg 117, no. 3 (September 2013): 543–58. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182a00616.
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  - McCartney, Sharon L., and Madhav Swaminathan. “Invited commentary..” Ann Thorac Surg 96, no. 1 (July 2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.04.036.
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  - Ho, Jonathan K., Wei Zhou, Muhammad Ashraf, Madhav Swaminathan, David Sahn, and Aman Mahajan. “Effect of pharmacologic increases in afterload on left ventricular rotation and strain in a rabbit model..” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 26, no. 6 (June 2013): 674–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2013.03.010.
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  - Reeves, Scott T., Alan C. Finley, Nikolaos J. Skubas, Madhav Swaminathan, William S. Whitley, Kathryn E. Glas, Rebecca T. Hahn, et al. “Basic perioperative transesophageal echocardiography examination: a consensus statement of the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists..” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 26, no. 5 (May 2013): 443–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2013.02.015.
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  - Bartels, Karsten, Mani A. Daneshmand, Joseph P. Mathew, Donald D. Glower, Madhav Swaminathan, and Alina Nicoara. “Delayed postmyectomy ventricular septal defect..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 27, no. 2 (April 2013): 381–84. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2012.10.009.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Aortic stenosis and 3-dimensional echocardiography: the saga continues..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 27, no. 1 (February 2013): 192–93. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2012.08.018.
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  - Ho, J. K., W. Zhou, M. Ashraf, M. Swaminathan, D. Sahn, and A. Mahajan. “Effect of pharmacologic increases in afterload on left ventricular rotation and strain in a rabbit model.” Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography 26, no. 6 (2013): 674–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2013.03.010.
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  - Mahmood, F., and M. Swaminathan. “Aortic stenosis and 3-dimensional echocardiography: The saga continues.” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 27, no. 1 (2013): 192–93. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2012.08.018.
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  - Spahillari, Aferdita, Chirag R. Parikh, Kyaw Sint, Jay L. Koyner, Uptal D. Patel, Charles L. Edelstein, Cary S. Passik, et al. “Serum cystatin C- versus creatinine-based definitions of acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study..” Am J Kidney Dis 60, no. 6 (December 2012): 922–29. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.06.002.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, Haider Javed Warraich, Sajid Shahul, Aisha Qazi, Madhav Swaminathan, G Burkhard Mackensen, Peter Panzica, and Andrew Maslow. “En face view of the mitral valve: definition and acquisition..” Anesth Analg 115, no. 4 (October 2012): 779–84. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182662dd9.
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  - Karhausen, Joern, Roman Dudaryk, Barbara Phillips-Bute, J Daniel Rivera, Fellery de Lange, Carmelo A. Milano, Madhav Swaminathan, and G Burkhard Mackensen. “Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography for perioperative right ventricular assessment..” Ann Thorac Surg 94, no. 2 (August 2012): 468–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2012.03.073.
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  - Cobey, Frederick C., Maria Fritock, Frederick W. Lombard, Donald D. Glower, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Severe tricuspid valve regurgitation: a case for laminar flow..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 26, no. 3 (June 2012): 522–24. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2012.01.020.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Feroze Mahmood. “Going with the flow: the dilemma of a laminar jet..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 26, no. 3 (June 2012). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2012.01.029.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Transesophageal echocardiography and noncardiac surgery: how far does the nondiagnostic use go?.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 26, no. 2 (April 2012): 356–57. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2011.12.017.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Changing terminology in renal research: the impact of consensus..” Am J Kidney Dis 59, no. 4 (April 2012): 584–85. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.010.
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  - Patel, Uptal D., Amit X. Garg, Harlan M. Krumholz, Michael G. Shlipak, Steven G. Coca, Kyaw Sint, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, et al. “Preoperative serum brain natriuretic peptide and risk of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery..” Circulation 125, no. 11 (March 20, 2012): 1347–55. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.029686.
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  - Marcucci, Carlo E., Zainab Samad, Jose Rivera, David B. Adams, Barbara G. Philips-Bute, Aman Mahajan, Pamela S. Douglas, et al. “A comparative evaluation of transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiography for measurement of left ventricular systolic strain using speckle tracking..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 26, no. 1 (February 2012): 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2011.06.002.
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  - De Lange, F., G. B. Mackensen, and M. Swaminathan. “Atherosclerosis of the aorta and prevention of neurological dysfunction after cardiac surgery,” December 1, 2011, 395–416. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85922-4_18.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Postinfarction ventricular septal defects: surgical or percutaneous closure-between a rock and a hard place..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 25, no. 6 (December 2011): 1217–18. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2011.09.022.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation: not as simple as it looks..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 25, no. 5 (October 2011): 887–88. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2011.05.017.
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  - Piacentino, Valentino, Constantine D. Troupes, Asvin M. Ganapathi, Laura J. Blue, G Burkhard Mackensen, Madhav Swaminathan, G Michael Felker, et al. “Clinical impact of concomitant tricuspid valve procedures during left ventricular assist device implantation..” Ann Thorac Surg 92, no. 4 (October 2011): 1414–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.05.084.
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  - Parikh, Chirag R., Steven G. Coca, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, Michael G. Shlipak, Jay L. Koyner, Zhu Wang, Charles L. Edelstein, et al. “Postoperative biomarkers predict acute kidney injury and poor outcomes after adult cardiac surgery..” Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : Jasn 22, no. 9 (September 2011): 1748–57. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2010121302.
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  - Potapov, Evgenij, Dan Meyer, Madhav Swaminathan, Michael Ramsay, Aly El Banayosy, Christoph Diehl, Bryan Veynovich, et al. “Inhaled nitric oxide after left ventricular assist device implantation: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial..” J Heart Lung Transplant 30, no. 8 (August 2011): 870–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2011.03.005.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Alina Nicoara, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Nicolas Aeschlimann, Carmelo A. Milano, G Burkhard Mackensen, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, et al. “Utility of a simple algorithm to grade diastolic dysfunction and predict outcome after coronary artery bypass graft surgery..” Ann Thorac Surg 91, no. 6 (June 2011): 1844–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.008.
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  - Piacentino, Valentino, Matthew L. Williams, Tim Depp, Karla Garcia-Huerta, Laura Blue, Andrew J. Lodge, G Burkhard Mackensen, Madhav Swaminathan, Joseph G. Rogers, and Carmelo A. Milano. “Impact of tricuspid valve regurgitation in patients treated with implantable left ventricular assist devices..” Ann Thorac Surg 91, no. 5 (May 2011): 1342–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.01.053.
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  - Bottiger, Brandi A., Robert D. Davis, Robert C. Swift, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease... and a challenging aorta..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 25, no. 2 (April 2011): 368–69. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2011.01.005.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Feroze Mahmood. “Thinking beyond the aortic valve: implications of a diseased aorta..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 25, no. 2 (April 2011). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2011.02.001.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav. “Invited commentary..” Ann Thorac Surg 91, no. 2 (February 2011): 525–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.11.004.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Systolic anterior motion and mitral valve reserve function: which one should we care about?.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 24, no. 5 (October 2010): 885–86. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2010.08.017.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Stuck with a decision: what is the "true" aortic valve area--anatomic, geometric, or effective orifice area?.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 24, no. 4 (August 2010): 714–15. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2010.05.002.
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  - Parikh, Dipen S., Madhav Swaminathan, Laura E. Archer, Jula K. Inrig, Lynda A. Szczech, Andrew D. Shaw, and Uptal D. Patel. “Perioperative outcomes among patients with end-stage renal disease following coronary artery bypass surgery in the USA..” Nephrol Dial Transplant 25, no. 7 (July 2010): 2275–83. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfp781.
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  - Mackensen, G Burkhard, Madhav Swaminathan, and Joseph P. Mathew. “PRO editorial: PRO: three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography is a major advance for intraoperative clinical management of patients undergoing cardiac surgery..” Anesth Analg 110, no. 6 (June 1, 2010): 1574–78. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181d82cd3.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Christopher C. C. Hudson, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Uptal D. Patel, Joseph P. Mathew, Mark F. Newman, Carmelo A. Milano, Andrew D. Shaw, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Impact of early renal recovery on survival after cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury..” The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 89, no. 4 (April 2010): 1098–1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.12.018.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Feroze Mahmood. “Combined valvular disease: when echocardiography provides the questions and the answers..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 24, no. 2 (April 2010). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2010.02.031.
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  - Mahmood, Feroze, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Ordinary images--extraordinary stories: echo challenges and clinical decisions..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 24, no. 1 (February 2010): 5–6. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2009.09.020.
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  - Daneshmand, Mani A., Carmelo A. Milano, J Scott Rankin, Emily F. Honeycutt, Madhav Swaminathan, Linda K. Shaw, Peter K. Smith, and Donald D. Glower. “Mitral valve repair for degenerative disease: a 20-year experience..” Ann Thorac Surg 88, no. 6 (December 2009): 1828–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.08.008.
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  - Stafford-Smith, Mark, Andrew Shaw, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Cardiac surgery and acute kidney injury: emerging concepts..” Curr Opin Crit Care 15, no. 6 (December 2009): 498–502. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0b013e328332f753.
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  - Williams, Matthew L., Mani A. Daneshmand, James G. Jollis, John R. Horton, Linda K. Shaw, Madhav Swaminathan, Robert D. Davis, Donald D. Glower, Peter K. Smith, and Carmelo A. Milano. “Mitral gradients and frequency of recurrence of mitral regurgitation after ring annuloplasty for ischemic mitral regurgitation..” Ann Thorac Surg 88, no. 4 (October 2009): 1197–1201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.06.022.
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  - Zoghbi, William A., John B. Chambers, Jean G. Dumesnil, Elyse Foster, John S. Gottdiener, Paul A. Grayburn, Bijoy K. Khandheria, et al. “Recommendations for evaluation of prosthetic valves with echocardiography and doppler ultrasound: a report From the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Task Force on Prosthetic Valves, developed in conjunction with the American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Imaging Committee, Cardiac Imaging Committee of the American Heart Association, the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography, endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation, American Heart Association, European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography, and Canadian Society of Echocardiography..” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 22, no. 9 (September 2009): 975–1014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2009.07.013.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Uptal D. Patel, Andrew D. Shaw, Mark Stafford-Smith, Pamela S. Douglas, Laura E. Archer, Peter K. Smith, and Joseph P. Mathew. “Increasing healthcare resource utilization after coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the United States..” Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2, no. 4 (July 2009): 305–12. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.108.831016.
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  - Bennett-Guerrero, Elliott, Madhav Swaminathan, Alina M. Grigore, Gary W. Roach, Laura G. Aberle, Jeffrey M. Johnston, and Mitchell P. Fink. “A phase II multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled study of ethyl pyruvate in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 23, no. 3 (June 2009): 324–29. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2008.08.005.
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  - Martinelli, Susan M., Uptal D. Patel, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Carmelo A. Milano, Laura E. Archer, Mark Stafford-Smith, Andrew D. Shaw, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Trends in cardiac surgery-associated acute renal failure in the United States: a disproportionate increase after heart transplantation..” Renal Failure 31, no. 8 (January 2009): 633–40. https://doi.org/10.3109/08860220903100689.
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  - Nicoara, Alina, Uptal D. Patel, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Andrew D. Shaw, Mark Stafford-Smith, Carmelo A. Milano, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Mortality trends associated with acute renal failure requiring dialysis after CABG surgery in the United States..” Blood Purification 28, no. 4 (January 2009): 359–63. https://doi.org/10.1159/000235856.
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  - Swaminathan, M., M. Stuart, G. C. Hughes, J. Jaggers, S. E. Hill, C. A. Milano, E. Bennett-Guerrero, and M. Stafford-Smith. “Institutional response to FDA warning on aprotinin and impact on outcomes..” Hsr Proc Intensive Care Cardiovasc Anesth 1, no. 1 (2009): 30–36.
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  - Hudson, Christopher, Jordan Hudson, Madhav Swaminathan, Andrew Shaw, Mark Stafford-Smith, and Uptal D. Patel. “Emerging concepts in acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery..” Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 12, no. 4 (December 2008): 320–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1089253208328582.
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  - Hughes, G Chad, Christopher F. Sulzer, Richard L. McCann, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Endovascular approaches to complex thoracic aortic disease..” Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 12, no. 4 (December 2008): 298–319. https://doi.org/10.1177/1089253208328667.
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  - Jungwirth, Bettina, David B. Adams, Joseph P. Mathew, Madhav Swaminathan, Donald D. Glower, and G Burkhard Mackensen. “Mitral valve prolapse and systolic anterior motion illustrated by real time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography..” Anesthesia and Analgesia 107, no. 6 (December 2008): 1822–24. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e318185d12e.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav. “Thinking from inside the box..” Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 12, no. 4 (December 2008): 225–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/1089253208328711.
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  - Hughes, G Chad, Mani A. Daneshmand, Madhav Swaminathan, Jeffrey J. Nienaber, Errol L. Bush, Aatif H. Husain, Walter G. Wolfe, and Richard L. McCann. “"Real world" thoracic endografting: results with the Gore TAG device 2 years after U.S. FDA approval..” Ann Thorac Surg 86, no. 5 (November 2008): 1530–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.07.089.
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  - Milano, Carmelo A., Mani A. Daneshmand, J Scott Rankin, Emily Honeycutt, Matthew L. Williams, Madhav Swaminathan, Lauren Linblad, Linda K. Shaw, Donald D. Glower, and Peter K. Smith. “Survival prognosis and surgical management of ischemic mitral regurgitation..” Ann Thorac Surg 86, no. 3 (September 2008): 735–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.05.017.
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  - Stafford-Smith, Mark, Uptal D. Patel, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Andrew D. Shaw, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease after cardiac surgery..” Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 15, no. 3 (July 2008): 257–77. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ackd.2008.04.006.
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  - Martinelli, Susan M., John D. Mitchell, Richard L. McCann, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Joseph P. Mathew, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography diagnosis of residual tumor fragment after surgical removal of renal cell carcinoma..” Anesth Analg 106, no. 6 (June 2008): 1633–35. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e3181734147.
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  - Glas, Kathryn E., Madhav Swaminathan, Scott T. Reeves, Jack S. Shanewise, David Rubenson, Peter K. Smith, Joseph P. Mathew, et al. “Guidelines for the performance of a comprehensive intraoperative epiaortic ultrasonographic examination: recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists; endorsed by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons..” Anesth Analg 106, no. 5 (May 2008): 1376–84. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e31816a6b4c.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Andrew D. Shaw, Ruth Ann Greenfield, and Katherine P. Grichnik. “Fatal Thrombosis After Factor VII Administration During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation..” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 22, no. 2 (April 2008): 259–60. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2007.09.009.
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  - Shaw, Andrew D., Mark Stafford-Smith, William D. White, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Madhav Swaminathan, Carmelo Milano, Ian J. Welsby, et al. “The effect of aprotinin on outcome after coronary-artery bypass grafting..” The New England Journal of Medicine 358, no. 8 (February 2008): 784–93. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa0707768.
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  - Shaw, Andrew, Madhav Swaminathan, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: putting together the pieces of the puzzle..” Nephron Physiol 109, no. 4 (2008): p55–60. https://doi.org/10.1159/000142937.
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  - Swaminathan, M., B. G. Phillips-Bute, and K. P. Grichnik. “The assessment of publication quality.” Anesthesia and Analgesia 106, no. 5 (January 1, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e31816a32ce.
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  - Nicoara, Alina, G Burkhard Mackensen, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Carmelo A. Milano, Joseph P. Mathew, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Malpositioned left ventricular assist device cannula: diagnosis and management with transesophageal echocardiography guidance..” Anesthesia and Analgesia 105, no. 6 (December 2007): 1574–76. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000286065.39763.bc.
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  - Shaw, A., M. Stafford-Smith, and M. Swaminathan. “The role of biomarkers in cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury,” December 1, 2007, 612–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92278-2_57.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, and Katherine P. Grichnik. “A bibliometric analysis of global clinical research by anesthesia departments..” Anesth Analg 105, no. 6 (December 2007): 1741–46. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000286149.57763.e7.
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  - Glas, Kathryn E., Madhav Swaminathan, Scott T. Reeves, Jack S. Shanewise, David Rubenson, Peter K. Smith, Joseph P. Mathew, Stanton K. Shernan, Stanton K. Council for Intraoperative Echocardiography of the American Society of Echocardiography, and Stanton K. Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists. “Guidelines for the performance of a comprehensive intraoperative epiaortic ultrasonographic examination: recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists; endorsed by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons..” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 20, no. 11 (November 2007): 1227–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2007.09.001.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Richard W. Morris, Daniel D. De Meyts, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, James G. Jollis, Hilary P. Grocott, Carmelo A. Milano, Mark F. Newman, and Joseph P. Mathew. “Deterioration of regional wall motion immediately after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is associated with long-term major adverse cardiac events..” Anesthesiology 107, no. 5 (November 2007): 739–45. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.anes.0000287008.70453.81.
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  - Mathew, Joseph P., G Burkhard Mackensen, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Mark Stafford-Smith, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Hilary P. Grocott, Steven E. Hill, et al. “Effects of extreme hemodilution during cardiac surgery on cognitive function in the elderly..” Anesthesiology 107, no. 4 (October 2007): 577–84. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.anes.0000281896.07256.71.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Andrew D. Shaw, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Patricia L. McGugan-Clark, Laura E. Archer, Steven Talbert, Carmelo A. Milano, Uptal D. Patel, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Trends in acute renal failure associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the United States..” Crit Care Med 35, no. 10 (October 2007): 2286–91. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000282079.05994.57.
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  - Husain, Aatif M., Madhav Swaminathan, Richard L. McCann, and G Chad Hughes. “Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring during endovascular stent graft repair of the descending thoracic aorta..” J Clin Neurophysiol 24, no. 4 (August 2007): 328–35. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNP.0b013e31811ebf6e.
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  - Rajagopal, Keshava, Brian Lima, J Kevin Harrison, Madhav Swaminathan, Richard L. McCann, and G Chad Hughes. “Endovascular thoracic aortic aneurysm repair with concomitant myocardial and carotid revascularization..” Ann Thorac Surg 84, no. 1 (July 2007): e1–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.03.038.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Hilary P. Grocott, G Burkhard Mackensen, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Donald D. Glower, and Joseph P. Mathew. “The "sandblasting" effect of aortic cannula on arch atheroma during cardiopulmonary bypass..” Anesth Analg 104, no. 6 (June 2007): 1350–51. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000264090.24756.08.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Georg B. Mackensen, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Richard L. McCann, Joseph P. Mathew, and George C. Hughes. “Spontaneous echocardiographic contrast indicating successful endoleak management..” Anesth Analg 104, no. 5 (May 2007): 1037–39. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000263269.68845.83.
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  - Sulzer, Christopher F., Carmelo A. Milano, Madhav Swaminathan, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Left ventricular endocardial irregularity: evaluation using epicardial echocardiography..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 21, no. 2 (April 2007): 305–6. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2006.04.007.
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  - Brzezinski, Marek, Veronica Mertz, Fiona M. Clements, Donald D. Glower, Ferenc Puskas, Katherine P. Grichnik, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Transesophageal echocardiography of the quadricuspid aortic valve..” Anesthesia and Analgesia 103, no. 6 (December 2006): 1414–15. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000243390.30837.5f.
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  - Hughes, G Chad, Madhav Swaminathan, and Walter G. Wolfe. “Reimplantation technique (David operation) for multiple sinus of valsalva aneurysms..” Ann Thorac Surg 82, no. 2 (August 2006): e14–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2006.04.076.
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  - Podgoreanu, M. V., W. D. White, R. W. Morris, J. P. Mathew, M. Stafford-Smith, I. J. Welsby, H. P. Grocott, et al. “Inflammatory gene polymorphisms and risk of postoperative myocardial infarction after cardiac surgery..” Circulation 114, no. 1 Suppl (July 4, 2006): I275–81. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.001032.
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  - Izrailtyan, Igor, Jeffrey Clark, Madhav Swaminathan, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Burkhard Mackensen, R Duane Davis, and Joseph P. Mathew. “Case report: optimizing intraoperative detection of pulmonary embolism using contrast-enhanced echocardiography..” Can J Anaesth 53, no. 7 (July 2006): 711–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03021630.
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  - Izrailtyan, Igor, Jeffrey Clark, Madhav Swaminathan, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Burkhard Mackensen, R Duane Davis, and Joseph P. Mathew. “Case report: Optimizing intraoperative detection of pulmonary embolism echocardiography.” Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia Journal Canadien D Anesthesie 53, no. 7 (July 2006): 711–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03021630.
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  - Phillips-Bute, Barbara, Joseph P. Mathew, James A. Blumenthal, Hilary P. Grocott, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Robert H. Jones, Daniel B. Mark, and Mark F. Newman. “Association of neurocognitive function and quality of life 1 year after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery..” Psychosom Med 68, no. 3 (May 2006): 369–75. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000221272.77984.e2.
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  - Fischer, Stephanie S. F., Barbara Phillips-Bute, Madhav Swaminathan, Carmelo Milano, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Symmetry aortic connector devices and acute renal injury: a comparison of renal dysfunction after three different aortocoronary bypass surgery techniques..” Anesth Analg 102, no. 1 (January 2006): 25–31. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000189054.17725.73.
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  - Hill, Steven E., Hilary P. Grocott, Bruce J. Leone, William D. White, Mark F. Newman, and Mark F. Neurologic Outcome Research Group of the Duke Heart Center. “Cerebral physiology of cardiac surgical patients treated with the perfluorocarbon emulsion, AF0144..” Ann Thorac Surg 80, no. 4 (October 2005): 1401–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.03.107.
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  - Brzezinski, Marek, William B. Corkey, Katherine P. Grichnik, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Transesophageal echocardiography of pulmonary thrombus causing complete left pulmonary artery occlusion..” Anesth Analg 101, no. 3 (September 2005): 639–40. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000175211.64423.18.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P., William D. White, Richard W. Morris, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Joseph P. Mathew, Dahlia M. Nielsen, Debra A. Schwinn, Mark F. Newman, and Mark F. Perioperative Genetics and Safety Outcomes Study (PEGASUS) Investigative Team. “Genetic polymorphisms and the risk of stroke after cardiac surgery..” Stroke 36, no. 9 (September 2005): 1854–58. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000177482.23478.dc.
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  - Schroder, Jacob N., Matthew L. Williams, Jonathan A. Hata, Lawrence H. Muhlbaier, Madhav Swaminathan, Joseph P. Mathew, Donald D. Glower, Christopher M. O’Connor, Peter K. Smith, and Carmelo A. Milano. “Impact of mitral valve regurgitation evaluated by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography on long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting..” Circulation 112, no. 9 Suppl (August 30, 2005): I293–98. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.523472.
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  - Clark, Jeffrey A., Daqing Ma, H Mayumi Homi, Mervyn Maze, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Xenon and the inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass in the rat..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 19, no. 4 (August 2005): 488–93. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2005.05.007.
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  - Clark, Jeffrey A., Shahar Bar-Yosef, Amanda Anderson, Mark F. Newman, Kevin Landolfo, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Postoperative hyperthermia following off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 19, no. 4 (August 2005): 426–29. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2005.01.042.
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  - Podgoreanu, Mihai V., Gregory A. Michelotti, Yukie Sato, Michael P. Smith, Simon Lin, Richard W. Morris, Hilary P. Grocott, Joseph P. Mathew, and Debra A. Schwinn. “Differential cardiac gene expression during cardiopulmonary bypass: ischemia-independent upregulation of proinflammatory genes..” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 130, no. 2 (August 2005): 330–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.11.052.
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  - Liberopoulos, Evagelos N., Sofia Tsouli, and Moses S. Elisaf. “Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and the risk of acute nephropathy after cardiac surgery..” Ann Thorac Surg 80, no. 1 (July 2005): 382–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.09.020.
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  - Corkey, William B., Barbara Phillips-Bute, Bruno Baudet, Joseph P. Mathew, Mark F. Newman, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Brief report: The declining incidence of cerebral hyperthermia during cardiac surgery: a seven-year experience in 6,334 patients..” Can J Anaesth 52, no. 6 (June 2005): 626–29.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P., H Mayumi Homi, and Ferenc Puskas. “Cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery: revisiting etiology..” Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 9, no. 2 (June 2005): 123–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/108925320500900204.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P., and G Burkhard Mackensen. “Apolipoprotein E genotype and S100beta after cardiac surgery: is inflammation the link?.” Anesth Analg 100, no. 6 (June 2005): 1869–70. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000156712.21918.BD.
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  - Mathew, Joseph P., Hilary P. Grocott, James R. McCurdy, Lian K. Ti, R Duane Davis, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, et al. “Preoperative statin therapy does not reduce cognitive dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 19, no. 3 (June 2005): 294–99.
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  - Welsby, I. J., M. V. Podgoreanu, B. Phillips-Bute, J. P. Mathew, P. K. Smith, M. F. Newman, D. A. Schwinn, M. Stafford-Smith, and M. Perioperative Genetics and Safety Outcomes Study (PEGASUS) Investigative Team. “Genetic factors contribute to bleeding after cardiac surgery..” J Thromb Haemost 3, no. 6 (June 2005): 1206–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01337.x.
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  - Brzezinski, Marek, Rebecca Keller, Katherine P. Grichnik, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Persistent left superior vena cava in a patient with a history of tetralogy of Fallot..” Anesth Analg 100, no. 5 (May 2005): 1269–70. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000150607.21914.9C.
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  - Grocott, H. P., Y. Sato, H. M. Homi, and B. E. Smith. “The influence of xenon, nitrous oxide and nitrogen on gas bubble expansion during cardiopulmonary bypass..” Eur J Anaesthesiol 22, no. 5 (May 2005): 353–58.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P. “S100beta and postcardiac surgery neurological dysfunction: reasons to disregard any link..” Can J Anaesth 52, no. 4 (April 2005): 441–42.
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  - Sulzer, Christopher F., G Burkhard Mackensen, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Con: Methylprednisolone is not indicated for patients during cardiopulmonary bypass..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 19, no. 2 (April 2005): 255–58.
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  - Fox, John, Kathryn Glas, Madhav Swaminathan, and Stanton Shernan. “The impact of intraoperative echocardiography on clinical outcomes following adult cardiac surgery..” Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 9, no. 1 (March 2005): 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/108925320500900104.
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  - Stafford-Smith, Mark, Mihai Podgoreanu, Madhav Swaminathan, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Joseph P. Mathew, Elizabeth H. Hauser, Michelle P. Winn, et al. “Association of genetic polymorphisms with risk of renal injury after coronary bypass graft surgery..” Am J Kidney Dis 45, no. 3 (March 2005): 519–30. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.11.021.
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  - Kilts, Jason D., Hilary P. Grocott, and Madan M. Kwatra. “G alpha(q)-coupled receptors in human atrium function through protein kinase C epsilon and delta..” J Mol Cell Cardiol 38, no. 2 (February 2005): 267–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2004.11.011.
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  - Stafford-Smith, Mark, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Renal medullary hypoxia during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass: a pilot study..” Perfusion 20, no. 1 (January 2005): 53–58. https://doi.org/10.1191/0267659105pf780oa.
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  - Bar-Yosef, Shahar, Marc Anders, G Burkhard Mackensen, Lian K. Ti, Joseph P. Mathew, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Robert H. Messier, Hilary P. Grocott, and Hilary P. Neurological Outcome Research Group and CARE Investigators of the Duke Heart Center. “Aortic atheroma burden and cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft surgery..” Ann Thorac Surg 78, no. 5 (November 2004): 1556–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.05.002.
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  - Ranucci, Marco, Lorenzo Menicanti, and Alessandro Frigiola. “Acute renal injury and lowest hematocrit during cardiopulmonary bypass: not only a matter of cellular hypoxemia..” Ann Thorac Surg 78, no. 5 (November 2004): 1880–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.12.082.
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  - Homi, H Mayumi, Hong Yang, Robert D. Pearlstein, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Hemodilution during cardiopulmonary bypass increases cerebral infarct volume after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats..” Anesth Analg 99, no. 4 (October 2004): 974–81. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000131504.90754.D0.
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  - Sreeram, Gautam M., Hilary P. Grocott, William D. White, Mark F. Newman, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Transcranial Doppler emboli count predicts rise in creatinine after coronary artery bypass graft surgery..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 18, no. 5 (October 2004): 548–51.
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  - Swaminathan, M. “Fenoldopam prophylaxis of postoperative acute renal failure in high-risk cardiac surgery patients: Invited commentary.” Annals of Thoracic Surgery 78, no. 4 (October 1, 2004): 1337–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.03.062.
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  - Yang, Hong, H Mayumi Homi, Betty E. Smith, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Cardiopulmonary bypass reduces the minimum alveolar concentration for isoflurane..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 18, no. 5 (October 2004): 620–23.
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  - Bar-Yosef, Shahar, Joseph P. Mathew, Mark F. Newman, Kevin P. Landolfo, Hilary P. Grocott, Hilary P. Neurological Outcome Research Group, and Hilary P. C A R E Investigators of the Duke Heart Center. “Prevention of cerebral hyperthermia during cardiac surgery by limiting on-bypass rewarming in combination with post-bypass body surface warming: a feasibility study..” Anesth Analg 99, no. 3 (September 2004): 641–46. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000130354.90659.63.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P., Jeffrey A. Clark, H Mayumi Homi, and Ajeet Sharma. “"Other" neurologic complications after cardiac surgery..” Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 8, no. 3 (September 2004): 213–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/108925320400800304.
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  - MacKensen, G Burkhard, Madhav Swaminathan, Lian K. Ti, Hilary P. Grocott, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Joseph P. Mathew, Mark F. Newman, et al. “Preliminary report on the interaction of apolipoprotein E polymorphism with aortic atherosclerosis and acute nephropathy after CABG..” Ann Thorac Surg 78, no. 2 (August 2004): 520–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.02.106.
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  - McKinlay, Kenneth H., David B. Schinderle, Madhav Swaminathan, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Carmelo A. Milano, Robert H. Messier, Habib El-Moalem, Mark F. Newman, Fiona M. Clements, and Joseph P. Mathew. “Predictors of inotrope use during separation from cardiopulmonary bypass..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 18, no. 4 (August 2004): 404–8.
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  - Wan Muhaizan, W. M., M. Swaminathan, and M. S. Daud. “Cardiac sarcoidosis: two cases with autopsy findings..” Malays J Pathol 26, no. 1 (June 2004): 59–63.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P., Joseph P. Mathew, Elizabeth H. Carver, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Kevin P. Landolfo, Mark F. Newman, and Mark F. Duke Heart Center Neurologic Outcome Research Group. “A randomized controlled trial of the Arctic Sun Temperature Management System versus conventional methods for preventing hypothermia during off-pump cardiac surgery..” Anesth Analg 98, no. 2 (February 2004): 298–302. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000096242.06561.c0.
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  - Patteril, Mathew, and Madhav Swaminathan. “Pro: intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography is of utility in patients at high risk of adverse cardiac events undergoing noncardiac surgery..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 18, no. 1 (February 2004): 107–9.
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  - Lynch, John R., Robert Blessing, William D. White, Hilary P. Grocott, Mark F. Newman, and Daniel T. Laskowitz. “Novel diagnostic test for acute stroke..” Stroke 35, no. 1 (January 2004): 57–63. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000105927.62344.4C.
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  - Bar-Yosef, Shahar, Edward G. Sanders, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Asymmetric cerebral near-infrared oximetric measurements during cardiac surgery..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 17, no. 6 (December 2003): 773–74.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P., Tanya R. Darrow, Debra L. Whiteheart, Donald D. Glower, and Mark Stafford Smith. “Lung isolation during port-access cardiac surgery: double-lumen endotracheal tube versus single-lumen endotracheal tube with a bronchial blocker..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 17, no. 6 (December 2003): 725–27.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Catherine K. Lineberger, Richard L. McCann, and Joseph P. Mathew. “The importance of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms..” Anesth Analg 97, no. 6 (December 2003): 1566–72. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000086894.01129.93.
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  - Homi, H Mayumi, Javier M. Mixco, Huaxin Sheng, Hilary P. Grocott, Robert D. Pearlstein, and David S. Warner. “Severe hypotension is not essential for isoflurane neuroprotection against forebrain ischemia in mice..” Anesthesiology 99, no. 5 (November 2003): 1145–51. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200311000-00022.
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  - Homi, H Mayumi, Noriko Yokoo, Daqing Ma, David S. Warner, Nicholas P. Franks, Mervyn Maze, and Hilary P. Grocott. “The neuroprotective effect of xenon administration during transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice..” Anesthesiology 99, no. 4 (October 2003): 876–81. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200310000-00020.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P., and Nancy A. Nussmeier. “Neuroprotection in cardiac surgery..” Anesthesiol Clin North Am 21, no. 3 (September 2003): 487–viii.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Peter J. Conlon, Peter K. Smith, Mark F. Newman, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “The association of lowest hematocrit during cardiopulmonary bypass with acute renal injury after coronary artery bypass surgery..” Ann Thorac Surg 76, no. 3 (September 2003): 784–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(03)00558-7.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, and Joseph P. Mathew. “An assessment of two different methods of left ventricular ejection time measurement by transesophageal echocardiography..” Anesth Analg 97, no. 3 (September 2003): 642–47. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000074125.74597.20.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P. “False increase BIS values with forced-air head warming..” Anesth Analg 96, no. 4 (April 2003). https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000043256.52632.17.
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  - Stanley, Timothy O., Hilary P. Grocott, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Joseph P. Mathew, Kevin P. Landolfo, Mark F. Newman, Mark F. Neurologic Outcome Research Group C.A.R.E, and Mark F. Investigators of the Duke Heart Center. “Preliminary evaluation of the Arctic Sun temperature-controlling system during off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery..” Ann Thorac Surg 75, no. 4 (April 2003): 1140–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(02)04545-9.
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  - Albahrani, Maher J., Madhav Swaminathan, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Peter K. Smith, Mark F. Newman, Joseph P. Mathew, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Postcardiac surgery complications: association of acute renal dysfunction and atrial fibrillation..” Anesth Analg 96, no. 3 (March 2003): 637–43. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000047886.81598.2c.
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  - Alston, R Peter. “Renal dysfunction and cognitive function after coronary artery bypass graft surgery..” Anesth Analg 96, no. 3 (March 2003). https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000033787.55070.f5.
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  - Ma, Daqing, Hong Yang, John Lynch, Nicholas P. Franks, Mervyn Maze, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Xenon attenuates cardiopulmonary bypass-induced neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction in the rat..” Anesthesiology 98, no. 3 (March 2003): 690–98. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200303000-00017.
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  - McCreath, Brian J., Madhav Swaminathan, John V. Booth, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Sophia T. H. Chew, Donald D. Glower, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Mitral valve surgery and acute renal injury: port access versus median sternotomy..” Ann Thorac Surg 75, no. 3 (March 2003): 812–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(02)04502-2.
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  - Hagen, Scott A., Amy L. Kondyra, Hilary P. Grocott, Habib El-Moalem, Daniel Bainbridge, Joseph P. Mathew, Mark F. Newman, Joseph G. Reves, Debra A. Schwinn, and Madan M. Kwatra. “Cardiopulmonary bypass decreases G protein-coupled receptor kinase activity and expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells..” Anesthesiology 98, no. 2 (February 2003): 343–48. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200302000-00012.
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  - Lee, Trevor W. R., Hilary P. Grocott, Debra Schwinn, Eric Jacobsohn, and Eric Winnipeg High-Spinal Anesthesia Group. “High spinal anesthesia for cardiac surgery: effects on beta-adrenergic receptor function, stress response, and hemodynamics..” Anesthesiology 98, no. 2 (February 2003): 499–510. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200302000-00032.
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  - Mathew, Joseph P., Hilary P. Grocott, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Mark Stafford-Smith, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Daniel Rossignol, James A. Blumenthal, Mark F. Newman, Mark F. Neurologic Outcome Research Group of the Duke Heart Center, and Mark F. Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Research Endeavors Investigators of the Duke Heart Center. “Lower endotoxin immunity predicts increased cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after cardiac surgery..” Stroke 34, no. 2 (February 2003): 508–13.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Alan P. Kypson, Jennifer G. Perna, Robert D. Davis, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Right ventricular rupture during off-pump coronary bypass surgery..” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 17, no. 1 (February 2003): 87–89. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcan.2003.17.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, and Mark Stafford-Smith. “Renal dysfunction after vascular surgery..” Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 16, no. 1 (February 2003): 45–51.
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  - Lineberger, C. K., and M. Swaminathan. “Endovascular techniques: Less is not always better.” Seminars in Anesthesia Perioperative Medicine and Pain 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 18–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-0326(02)00004-1.
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  - Ti, Lian K., G Burkhard Mackensen, Hilary P. Grocott, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Carmelo A. Milano, Andrew K. Hilton, Mark F. Newman, Joseph P. Mathew, and Joseph P. Neurologic Outcome Research Group. “Apolipoprotein E4 increases aortic atheroma burden in cardiac surgical patients..” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 125, no. 1 (January 2003): 211–13. https://doi.org/10.1067/mtc.2003.123.
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  - Erickson, S. J., A. Grauaug, L. Gurrin, and M. Swaminathan. “Hypocarbia in the ventilated preterm infant and its effect on intraventricular haemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia..” J Paediatr Child Health 38, no. 6 (December 2002): 560–62.
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  - Reynolds, James D., David W. Amory, Hilary P. Grocott, William D. White, and Mark F. Newman. “Change in plasma glutamate concentration during cardiac surgery is a poor predictor of cognitive outcome..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 16, no. 4 (August 2002): 431–36.
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  - Sato, Yukie, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Ellen R. Bennett, Mark F. Newman, David S. Warner, and Hilary P. Grocott. “Differential cerebral gene expression during cardiopulmonary bypass in the rat: evidence for apoptosis?.” Anesth Analg 94, no. 6 (June 2002): 1389–94. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200206000-00003.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Norbert P. Debruijn, Donald D. Glower, and Joseph P. Mathew. “Unexpected transesophageal echocardiographic finding after septal myectomy..” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 16, no. 3 (June 2002): 384–85. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcan.2002.124154.
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  - Grocott, Hilary P., G Burkhard Mackensen, Alina M. Grigore, Joseph Mathew, J. G. Reves, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Peter K. Smith, Mark F. Newman, Mark F. Neurologic Outcome Research Group (NORG), and Mark F. Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Research Endeavors (CARE) Investigators’ of the Duke Heart Center. “Postoperative hyperthermia is associated with cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft surgery..” Stroke 33, no. 2 (February 2002): 537–41.
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  - Stanley, Timothy O., G Burkhard Mackensen, Hilary P. Grocott, William D. White, James A. Blumenthal, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Kevin P. Landolfo, et al. “The impact of postoperative atrial fibrillation on neurocognitive outcome after coronary artery bypass graft surgery..” Anesth Analg 94, no. 2 (February 2002): 290–95. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200202000-00011.
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  - Mackensen, G. B., Y. Sato, B. Nellgård, J. Pineda, M. F. Newman, D. S. Warner, and H. P. Grocott. “Cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction in the rat..” Anesthesiology 95, no. 6 (December 2001): 1485–91.
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  - Newman, M. F., H. P. Grocott, J. P. Mathew, W. D. White, K. Landolfo, J. G. Reves, D. T. Laskowitz, D. B. Mark, J. A. Blumenthal, and J. A. Neurologic Outcome Research Group and the Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Research Endeavors (CARE) Investigators of the Duke Heart Center. “Report of the substudy assessing the impact of neurocognitive function on quality of life 5 years after cardiac surgery..” Stroke 32, no. 12 (December 1, 2001): 2874–81.
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  - Grigore, A. M., J. Mathew, H. P. Grocott, J. G. Reves, J. A. Blumenthal, W. D. White, P. K. Smith, et al. “Prospective randomized trial of normothermic versus hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function after coronary artery bypass graft surgery..” Anesthesiology 95, no. 5 (November 2001): 1110–19. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200111000-00014.
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  - Swaminathan, M., C. East, B. Phillips-Bute, M. F. Newman, J. G. Reves, P. K. Smith, and M. Stafford-Smith. “Report of a substudy on warm versus cold cardiopulmonary bypass: changes in creatinine clearance..” Ann Thorac Surg 72, no. 5 (November 2001): 1603–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(01)03223-4.
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  - Bainbridge, D. T., G. B. Mackensen, M. F. Newman, K. P. Landolfo, and H. P. Grocott. “Off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in a patient with C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency..” Anesthesiology 95, no. 3 (September 2001): 795–96. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200109000-00037.
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  - Grocott, H. P., M. F. Newman, H. El-Moalem, D. Bainbridge, A. Butler, and D. T. Laskowitz. “Apolipoprotein E genotype differentially influences the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass..” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 122, no. 3 (September 2001): 622–23. https://doi.org/10.1067/mtc.2001.115152.
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  - Ti, L. K., J. P. Mathew, G. B. Mackensen, H. P. Grocott, W. D. White, J. G. Reves, and M. F. Newman. “Effect of apolipoprotein E genotype on cerebral autoregulation during cardiopulmonary bypass..” Stroke 32, no. 7 (July 2001): 1514–19.
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  - Newman, M. F., D. T. Laskowitz, W. D. White, J. L. Kirchner, H. P. Grocott, M. Stafford-Smith, M. H. Sketch, R. H. Jones, J. G. Reves, and A. M. Saunders. “Apolipoprotein E polymorphisms and age at first coronary artery bypass graft..” Anesth Analg 92, no. 4 (April 2001): 824–29. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200104000-00006.
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  - Grocott, H. P., and J. E. Arrowsmith. “Serum S100 protein as a marker of cerebral damage during cardiac surgery..” Br J Anaesth 86, no. 2 (February 2001): 289–90.
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  - Grocott, H. P., G. B. Mackensen, M. F. Newman, and D. S. Warner. “Neurological injury during cardiopulmonary bypass in the rat..” Perfusion 16, no. 1 (January 2001): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/026765910101600111.
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  - Panten, R. R., J. K. Harrison, J. Warner, and H. P. Grocott. “Aortic dissection after angioplasty and stenting of an aortic coarctation: detection by intravascular ultrasonography but not transesophageal echocardiography..” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 14, no. 1 (January 2001): 73–76.
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  - Grigore, A. M., H. P. Grocott, and M. F. Newman. “Anesthetic management of a patient with a brain tumor for cardiac surgery..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 14, no. 6 (December 2000): 702–4. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcan.2000.18442.
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  - Sharma, A. D., C. L. Parmley, G. Sreeram, and H. P. Grocott. “Peripheral nerve injuries during cardiac surgery: risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis, and prevention..” Anesth Analg 91, no. 6 (December 2000): 1358–69. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200012000-00010.
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  - Sharma, A. D., G. Sreeram, T. Erb, and H. P. Grocott. “Solvent-detergent-treated fresh frozen plasma: a superior alternative to standard fresh frozen plasma?.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 14, no. 6 (December 2000): 712–17. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcan.2000.18578.
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  - Grocott, H. P., G. Scales, D. Schinderle, and K. King. “A new technique for lung isolation in acute thoracic trauma..” J Trauma 49, no. 5 (November 2000): 940–42.
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  - Kilts, J. D., M. A. Gerhardt, M. D. Richardson, G. Sreeram, G. B. Mackensen, H. P. Grocott, W. D. White, et al. “Beta(2)-adrenergic and several other G protein-coupled receptors in human atrial membranes activate both G(s) and G(i)..” Circ Res 87, no. 8 (October 13, 2000): 705–9. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.87.8.705.
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  - Sharma, A. D., H. B. Bittner, G. Sreeram, H. P. Grocott, and T. F. Slaughter. “Interesting right ventricular transesophageal echocardiography findings..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 14, no. 5 (October 2000): 617–19. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcan.2000.9495.
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  - Chew, S. T., M. F. Newman, W. D. White, P. J. Conlon, A. M. Saunders, W. J. Strittmatter, K. Landolfo, H. P. Grocott, and M. Stafford-Smith. “Preliminary report on the association of apolipoprotein E polymorphisms, with postoperative peak serum creatinine concentrations in cardiac surgical patients..” Anesthesiology 93, no. 2 (August 2000): 325–31. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200008000-00008.
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  - Sharma, A. D., and H. P. Grocott. “Platelet transfusion reactions: febrile nonhemolytic reaction or bacterial contamination? Diagnosis, detection, and current preventive modalities..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 14, no. 4 (August 2000): 460–66. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcan.2000.7962.
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  - Sharma, A. D., G. Sreeram, T. Erb, H. P. Grocott, and T. F. Slaughter. “Leukocyte-reduced blood transfusions: perioperative indications, adverse effects, and cost analysis..” Anesth Analg 90, no. 6 (June 2000): 1315–23. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200006000-00010.
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  - Mackensen, G. B., H. P. Grocott, and M. S. Smith. “An interesting finding during transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of the mitral valve..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 14, no. 2 (April 2000): 227–28.
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  - Wermeskerken, G. K. van, J. W. Lardenoye, S. E. Hill, H. P. Grocott, B. Phillips-Bute, P. K. Smith, J. G. Reves, and M. F. Newman. “Intraoperative physiologic variables and outcome in cardiac surgery: Part II. Neurologic outcome..” Ann Thorac Surg 69, no. 4 (April 2000): 1077–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(99)01443-5.
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  - Arrowsmith, J. E., H. P. Grocott, J. G. Reves, and M. F. Newman. “Central nervous system complications of cardiac surgery..” Br J Anaesth 84, no. 3 (March 2000): 378–93. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bja.a013444.
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  - Mehta, Y., M. Swaminathan, R. Juneja, A. Saxena, N. Trehan, and J. L. Atlee. “Case 12-2-1998. Noncardiac surgery and pacemaker cardioverter-defibrillator management..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 12, no. 2 (April 1998): 221–24.
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  - Mehta, Y., M. Swaminathan, Y. Mishra, and N. Trehan. “A comparative evaluation of intrapleural and thoracic epidural analgesia for postoperative pain relief after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery..” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 12, no. 2 (April 1998): 162–65.
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  - Mishra, Manisha, Madhav Swaminathan, Rajneesh Malhotra, Anil Mishra, and Naresh Trehan. “Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function During CABG: Transesophageal Echocardiographic Assessment of Hepatic Venous Flow Versus Conventional Right Ventricular Performance Indices..” Echocardiography 15, no. 1 (January 1998): 51–58.
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- Book Sections
  - Del Rio, J. M., J. G. Gaca, M. A. Daneshmand, and M. Swaminathan. “Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms.” In Yao & Artusio’s Anesthesiology: Problem-Oriented Patient Management: Seventh Edition, 241–76, 2012.
  - Stafford-Smith, M., C. Hughes, A. D. Shaw, and M. Swaminathan. “Renal protection strategies.” In Anesthesia and Perioperative Care for Aortic Surgery, 329–47, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85922-4_15.
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- Other Articles
  - Kertai, Miklos D., Yen-Wei Li, Yi-Ju Li, Svati H. Shah, William E. Kraus, Manuel L. Fontes, Mark Stafford-Smith, et al. “G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 gene polymorphisms are associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients receiving β-blockers..” Circ Cardiovasc Genet, October 2014. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.113.000451.
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  - Mackensen, G. B., L. K. Ti, B. G. Phillips-Bute, J. P. Mathew, M. F. Newman, H. P. Grocott, and H. P. Neurologic Outcome Research Group (NORG). “Cerebral embolization during cardiac surgery: impact of aortic atheroma burden..” Br J Anaesth, November 2003. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeg234.
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  - Swaminathan, Madhav, Brian J. McCreath, Barbara G. Phillips-Bute, Mark F. Newman, Joseph P. Mathew, Peter K. Smith, James A. Blumenthal, Mark Stafford-Smith, and Mark Perioperative Outcomes Research Group. “Serum creatinine patterns in coronary bypass surgery patients with and without postoperative cognitive dysfunction..” Anesth Analg, July 2002. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200207000-00001.
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  - Grigore, Alina M., Hilary P. Grocott, Joseph P. Mathew, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Timothy O. Stanley, Aimee Butler, Kevin P. Landolfo, et al. “The rewarming rate and increased peak temperature alter neurocognitive outcome after cardiac surgery..” Anesth Analg, January 2002. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200201000-00002.
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- Conference Papers
  - Bishawi, Muath, Soraya Voigt, Yash Bhatnagar, Alina Nicoara, Madhav Swaminathan, George Truskey, and Olaf von Ramm. “ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF CARDIAC TWIST: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.” In Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 71:A1667–A1667. Elsevier BV, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(18)32208-3.
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  - Alenezi, Fawaz, Miklos Kerati, John Hunting, Tara Holder, Yi-Ju Li, Madhav Swaminathan, Jennifer Rymer, Eric Velazquez, Zainab Samad, and Alina Nicoara. “Left Atrial Appendage Strain and New-onset Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery.” In Circulation, Vol. 136. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2017.
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  - Manning, Michael, Yi-Ju Li, Dean Linder, John Haney, Yi-Hung Wu, Mihai Podgoreanu, Jacob Schroder, et al. “Ultrafiltration on CPB Predicts AKI and Transfusion.” In Circulation, Vol. 136. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2017.
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  - Potapov, Evgenij V., Dan M. Meyer, Madhav Swaminathan, Michael Ramsay, Aly El Banayosy, Christoph Diehl, Bryan Veynovich, et al. “Use of Inhaled Nitric Oxide After Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement: Results of a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Trial.” In Circulation, 120:S845–S845. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2009.
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  - Parikh, Dipen S., Madhav Swaminathan, Lanni E. Archer, Jula K. Inrig, Lynda A. Szczech, Andrew D. Shaw, and Uptal D. Patel. “Trends in coronary artery bypass graft surgery among ESRD patients.” In American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 51:A77–A77. W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, 2008.
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  - Povsic, Thomas J., Madhav Swaminathan, Francine Kelly, Katherine L. Zavodni, Stacie D. Adams, Carmelo A. Milano, Mark F. Newman, Joseph P. Mathew, Pascal J. Goldschmidt-Clermont, and Eric D. Peterson. “Bone marrow progenitor cell stores impact circulating EPC levels and are depleted in elderly subjects.” In Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 51:A303–A303. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2008.
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