Michael C. Fitzgerald | Scholars@Duke

Michael C. Fitzgerald
Professor of Chemistry

Dr. Fitzgerald’s research group is focused on studies of protein folding and function. The group utilizes a combination of covalent labeling strategies (e.g. protein amide H/D exchange and methionine oxidiation) and mass spectrometry techniques to investigate the thermodynamic properties of protein folding and ligand binding reactions. Current research efforts involve: (1) the development new biophysical methods that enable protein folding and stability measurements to be performed on the proteomic scale; and (2) the application of these new methods in the areas of disease detection, diagnosis, and therapy.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor of Chemistry, Chemistry, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2011
Director of Graduate Studies in Chemistry, Chemistry, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2017
Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 2011

Contact Information

3222 French Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708
Box 90346, Durham, NC 27708-0346
michael.c.fitzgerald@duke.edu (919) 660-1547
Fitzgerald Research Group

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., University of Wisconsin at Madison 1994
- B.S., Davidson College 1989
Duke Appointment History
- Associate Professor of Chemistry, Chemistry, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2004 - 2011
- Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 2010 - 2011
- Assistant Professor of Chemistry, Chemistry, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 1998 - 2004
- Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 2002 - 2003
Recognition
In the News
- OCT 19, 2016
  
  Dust Mite Allergens Share Rare Combo of Qualities
Awards & Honors
- Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers. President of the United States of America. 2001
Research
Selected Grants
- University Training Program in Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering awarded by National Institutes of Health 1994 - 2022
- Discovery and Manipulation of Biomolecular-Noble Gas Interactions awarded by Defense Threat Reduction Agency 2018 - 2021
- Anti-Malarial Drug Target Discovery using Energetics-Based Proteomics Methods awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2020
- GAANN - Department of Chemistry awarded by Department of Education 2015 - 2019
- Thermo Lumos Tribrid High-Resolution Accurate-Mass Tandem Mass Spectrometer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2019
- Analysis of Protein-Ligand Binding on the Proteomic Scale awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2019
- MRI: Acquisition of a Triple Quadrupole LC/MS System awarded by National Science Foundation 2015 - 2018
- Acquisition of a MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometer System at Duke University awarded by North Carolina Biotechnology Center 2017 - 2018
- Expanding the Scope of a Chemical Modification and Mass Spectrometry-Based Method for Protein-Ligand Binding Analysis awarded by National Science Foundation 2013 - 2016
- BC123577: Targeting Epigenetics Therapy for Estrogen Receptor Negative Breast Cancers awarded by United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command 2013 - 2016
- Structural Biology and Biophysics Training Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 1994 - 2015
- A Chemical Modification and Mass Spectrometry-Based Method for Analysis of Protein Folding and Ligand Binding awarded by National Science Foundation 2009 - 2012
- Analysis of PH1-Associated Alanine:Glyoxylate Aminotranferase (AGT) Using Yeast awarded by National Institutes of Health 2008 - 2011
- Purchase of a Q-TOF LC/MS System awarded by National Institutes of Health 2010 - 2011
- Identification of pharmacological chaperones for misfolded proteins awarded by National Institutes of Health 2008 - 2011
- Discovery of Cancer Imaging Probes using SUPREX awarded by National Institutes of Health 2008 - 2010
- Backbone-Backbone H-Bonds in Protein Folding awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2008
- Structure And Function Of Enzymes--Role Of Metals awarded by National Institutes of Health 1977 - 2008
- Backbone H-Bonds in Protein Folding (Supplement) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2007
- Purchase of a High-Throughput MALDI TOF/TOF awarded by National Institutes of Health 2006 - 2007
- CAREER: Development of a New Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach fro Assaying Protein Stability and Initiation of a High Sc awarded by National Science Foundation 2001 - 2006
- Acquisition of a Time-Resolved Step-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer awarded by National Science Foundation 2001 - 2004
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Ma, R, Meng, H, Wiebelhaus, N, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Chemo-Selection Strategy for Limited Proteolysis Experiments on the Proteomic Scale." Analytical Chemistry (November 20, 2018). Full Text
  - Kaur, U, Meng, H, Lui, F, Ma, R, Ogburn, RN, Johnson, JHR, Fitzgerald, MC, and Jones, LM. "Proteome-Wide Structural Biology: An Emerging Field for the Structural Analysis of Proteins on the Proteomic Scale." Journal of Proteome Research 17, no. 11 (November 2018): 3614-3627. Full Text
  - Meng, H, Ma, R, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Chemical Denaturation and Protein Precipitation Approach for Discovery and Quantitation of Protein-Drug Interactions." Analytical Chemistry 90, no. 15 (August 2018): 9249-9255. Full Text
  - Meng, H, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Proteome-Wide Characterization of Phosphorylation-Induced Conformational Changes in Breast Cancer." Journal of Proteome Research 17, no. 3 (March 2018): 1129-1137. Full Text
  - Ogburn, RN, Jin, L, Meng, H, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Discovery of Tamoxifen and N-Desmethyl Tamoxifen Protein Targets in MCF-7 Cells Using Large-Scale Protein Folding and Stability Measurements." Journal of Proteome Research 16, no. 11 (November 2017): 4073-4085. Full Text
  - Lim, KH, Dasari, AKR, Ma, R, Hung, I, Gan, Z, Kelly, JW, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Pathogenic Mutations Induce Partial Structural Changes in the Native β-Sheet Structure of Transthyretin and Accelerate Aggregation." Biochemistry 56, no. 36 (September 2017): 4808-4818. Full Text
  - Liu, F, Meng, H, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Large-Scale Analysis of Breast Cancer-Related Conformational Changes in Proteins Using SILAC-SPROX." Journal of Proteome Research 16, no. 9 (September 2017): 3277-3286. Full Text
  - Randall, TA, London, RE, Fitzgerald, MC, and Mueller, GA. "Proteases of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus." International journal of molecular sciences 18, no. 6 (June 6, 2017). Full Text
  - Ogburn, RN, Randall, TA, Xu, Y, Roberts, JH, Mebrahtu, B, Karnuta, JM, Rider, SD, Kissling, GE, London, RE, Pomés, A, Arlian, L, Fitzgerald, MC, and Mueller, GA. "Are dust mite allergens more abundant and/or more stable than other Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus proteins?." The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 139, no. 3 (March 2017): 1030-1032.e1. Full Text
  - Liu, F, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Large-Scale Analysis of Breast Cancer-Related Conformational Changes in Proteins Using Limited Proteolysis." Journal of Proteome Research 15, no. 12 (December 2016): 4666-4674. Full Text
  - Roberts, JH, Liu, F, Karnuta, JM, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Discovery of Age-Related Protein Folding Stability Differences in the Mouse Brain Proteome." Journal of Proteome Research 15, no. 12 (December 2016): 4731-4741. Full Text
  - Jin, L, Wang, D, Gooden, DM, Ball, CH, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Targeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach for Protein-Ligand Binding Analyses in Complex Biological Mixtures Using a Phenacyl Bromide Modification Strategy." Analytical Chemistry 88, no. 22 (November 2016): 10987-10993. Full Text
  - Xu, Y, Wallace, MAG, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic Analysis of the Geldanamycin-Hsp90 Interaction in a Whole Cell Lysate Using a Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics Approach." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 27, no. 10 (October 2016): 1670-1676. Full Text
  - Geer Wallace, MA, Kwon, D-Y, Weitzel, DH, Lee, C-T, Stephenson, TN, Chi, J-T, Mook, RA, Dewhirst, MW, Hong, J, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Discovery of Manassantin A Protein Targets Using Large-Scale Protein Folding and Stability Measurements." Journal of Proteome Research 15, no. 8 (August 2016): 2688-2696. Full Text
  - Geer, MA, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATP-Interactome using the iTRAQ-SPROX Technique." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 27, no. 2 (February 2016): 233-243. Full Text
  - Kwon, D-Y, Lee, HE, Weitzel, DH, Park, K, Lee, SH, Lee, C-T, Stephenson, TN, Park, H, Fitzgerald, MC, Chi, J-T, Mook, RA, Dewhirst, MW, Lee, YM, and Hong, J. "Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Manassantin Analogues for Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α Inhibition." Journal of medicinal chemistry 58, no. 19 (October 2015): 7659-7671. Full Text
  - Adhikari, J, West, GM, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Global analysis of protein folding thermodynamics for disease state characterization." Journal of Proteome Research 14, no. 5 (May 2015): 2287-2297. Full Text
  - Adhikari, J, and Fitzgerald, MC. "SILAC-pulse proteolysis: A mass spectrometry-based method for discovery and cross-validation in proteome-wide studies of ligand binding." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 25, no. 12 (December 2014): 2073-2083. Full Text
  - Tran, DT, Adhikari, J, and Fitzgerald, MC. "StableIsotope Labeling with Amino Acids in Cell Culture (SILAC)-based strategy for proteome-wide thermodynamic analysis of protein-ligand binding interactions." Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 13, no. 7 (July 2014): 1800-1813. Full Text
  - Xu, Y, Strickland, EC, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic analysis of protein folding and stability using a tryptophan modification protocol." Analytical Chemistry 86, no. 14 (July 2014): 7041-7048. Full Text
  - Geer, MA, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Energetics-based methods for protein folding and stability measurements." Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.) 7 (January 2014): 209-228. (Review) Full Text
  - Strickland, EC, Geer, MA, Hong, J, and Fitzgerald, MC. "False-positive rate determination of protein target discovery using a covalent modification- and mass spectrometry-based proteomics platform." J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 25, no. 1 (January 2014): 132-140. Full Text Link to Item
  - Strickland, EC, Geer, MA, Tran, DT, Adhikari, J, West, GM, DeArmond, PD, Xu, Y, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic analysis of protein-ligand binding interactions in complex biological mixtures using the stability of proteins from rates of oxidation." Nat Protoc 8, no. 1 (January 2013): 148-161. Full Text Link to Item
  - Banerjee, S, Siburt, CJP, Mistry, S, Noto, JM, DeArmond, P, Fitzgerald, MC, Lambert, LA, Cornelissen, CN, and Crumbliss, AL. "Evidence of Fe3+ interaction with the plug domain of the outer membrane transferrin receptor protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: implications for Fe transport." Metallomics 4, no. 4 (April 2012): 361-372. Full Text Link to Item
  - Reichmann, D, Xu, Y, Cremers, CM, Ilbert, M, Mittelman, R, Fitzgerald, MC, and Jakob, U. "Order out of disorder: working cycle of an intrinsically unfolded chaperone." Cell 148, no. 5 (March 2012): 947-957. Full Text
  - Tran, DT, Banerjee, S, Alayash, AI, Crumbliss, AL, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Slow histidine H/D exchange protocol for thermodynamic analysis of protein folding and stability using mass spectrometry." Anal Chem 84, no. 3 (February 7, 2012): 1653-1660. Full Text Link to Item
  - Dearmond, PD, Xu, Y, Strickland, EC, Daniels, KG, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic analysis of protein-ligand interactions in complex biological mixtures using a shotgun proteomics approach." Journal of Proteome Research 10, no. 11 (November 2011): 4948-4958. Full Text
  - Xu, Y, Falk, IN, Hallen, MA, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Mass spectrometry- and lysine amidination-based protocol for thermodynamic analysis of protein folding and ligand binding interactions." Analytical Chemistry 83, no. 9 (May 2011): 3555-3562. Full Text
  - DeArmond, PD, West, GM, Huang, H-T, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Stable isotope labeling strategy for protein-ligand binding analysis in multi-component protein mixtures." J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 22, no. 3 (March 2011): 418-430. Full Text Link to Item
  - Xu, Y, Falk, IN, Hallen, MA, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Xu, Y., Falk, I.N., Hallen, M.A., and Fitzgerald, M.C." Analytical Chemistry , no. 83 (2011): 3555-3562. (Academic Article)
  - Dearmond, PD, West, GM, Anbalagan, V, Campa, MJ, Patz, EF, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Discovery of novel cyclophilin A ligands using an H/D exchange- and mass spectrometry-based strategy." J Biomol Screen 15, no. 9 (October 2010): 1051-1062. Full Text Link to Item
  - Kim, H, Baker, JB, Park, Y, Park, H-B, DeArmond, PD, Kim, SH, Fitzgerald, MC, Lee, D-S, and Hong, J. "Total synthesis, assignment of the absolute stereochemistry, and structure-activity relationship studies of subglutinols A and B." Chem Asian J 5, no. 8 (August 2, 2010): 1902-1910. Full Text Link to Item
  - West, GM, Thompson, JW, Soderblom, EJ, Dubois, LG, Dearmond, PD, Moseley, MA, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Mass spectrometry-based thermal shift assay for protein-ligand binding analysis." Anal Chem 82, no. 13 (July 1, 2010): 5573-5581. Full Text Open Access Copy Link to Item
  - West, GM, Tucker, CL, Xu, T, Park, SK, Han, X, Yates, JR, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Quantitative proteomics approach for identifying protein-drug interactions in complex mixtures using protein stability measurements." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, no. 20 (May 18, 2010): 9078-9082. Full Text Link to Item
  - Xu, Y, Schmitt, S, Tang, L, Jakob, U, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic analysis of a molecular chaperone binding to unfolded protein substrates." Biochemistry 49, no. 6 (February 16, 2010): 1346-1353. Full Text Open Access Copy Link to Item
  - DeArmond, PD, West, GM, Anbalagan, V, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Discovery of Novel Cyclophilin A Ligands Using an H/D Exchange- and Mass Spectrometry-Based Strategy. Journal of Biomolecular Screening." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 15, no. 9 (2010): 1051-1062. (Academic Article)
  - Hopper, ED, Pittman, AMC, Tucker, CL, Campa, MJ, Patz, EF, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Hydrogen/deuterium exchange- and protease digestion-based screening assay for protein-ligand binding detection." Anal Chem 81, no. 16 (August 15, 2009): 6860-6867. Full Text Link to Item
  - Fitzgerald, MC, and West, GM. "Painting Proteins with Covalent Labels: What's In the Picture? (Reprinted from J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom, vol 20, pg 1193-1206, 2009)." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 20, no. 7 (July 1, 2009): 1193-1206. (Academic Article) Full Text Link to Item
  - Fitzgerald, MC, and West, GM. "Painting proteins with covalent labels: what's in the picture?." J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 20, no. 6 (June 2009): 1193-1206. Full Text Link to Item
  - Siburt, CJP, Roulhac, PL, Weaver, KD, Noto, JM, Mietzner, TA, Cornelissen, CN, Fitzgerald, MC, and Crumbliss, AL. "Hijacking transferrin bound iron: protein-receptor interactions involved in iron transport in N. gonorrhoeae." Metallomics 1, no. 3 (2009): 249-255. Full Text Link to Item
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Tang, L, and Hopper, ED. "Chapter 6 Thermodynamic Analysis of Protein Folding and Ligand Binding by SUPREX." Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry 52 (December 1, 2008): 127-149. (Review) Full Text
  - Hopper, ED, Pittman, AMC, Fitzgerald, MC, and Tucker, CL. "In vivo and in vitro examination of stability of primary hyperoxaluria-associated human alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase." The Journal of Biological Chemistry 283, no. 45 (November 2008): 30493-30502. Full Text
  - Hopper, ED, Roulhac, PL, Campa, MJ, Patz, EF, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Throughput and efficiency of a mass spectrometry-based screening assay for protein-ligand binding detection." J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 19, no. 9 (September 2008): 1303-1311. Full Text Link to Item
  - Weaver, KD, Heymann, JJ, Mehta, A, Roulhac, PL, Anderson, DS, Nowalk, AJ, Adhikari, P, Mietzner, TA, Fitzgerald, MC, and Crumbliss, AL. "Ga3+ as a mechanistic probe in Fe3+ transport: characterization of Ga3+ interaction with FbpA." Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry : Jbic : a Publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 13, no. 6 (August 2008): 887-898. Full Text
  - West, GM, Tang, L, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic analysis of protein stability and ligand binding using a chemical modification- and mass spectrometry-based strategy." Analytical Chemistry 80, no. 11 (June 2008): 4175-4185. Full Text
  - Roulhac, PL, Weaver, KD, Adhikari, P, Anderson, DS, DeArmond, PD, Mietzner, TA, Crumbliss, AL, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Ex vivo analysis of synergistic anion binding to FbpA in Gram-negative bacteria." Biochemistry 47, no. 14 (April 8, 2008): 4298-4305. Full Text Link to Item
  - Weaver, KD, Heymann, JJ, Mehta, A, Roulhac, PL, Anderson, DS, Nowalk, AJ, Adhikari, P, Mietzner, TA, Fitzgerald, MC, and Crumbliss, AL. "Ga³⁺ as a mechanistic probe in Fe³⁺ transport: Characterization of Ga³⁺ interaction with FbpA." Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 13, no. 6 (2008): 887-898. Full Text
  - Tang, L, Roulhac, PL, and Fitzgerald, MC. "H/D exchange and mass spectrometry-based method for biophysical analysis of multidomain proteins at the domain level." Anal Chem 79, no. 22 (November 15, 2007): 8728-8739. Full Text Link to Item
  - Tang, L, Hopper, ED, Tong, Y, Sadowsky, JD, Peterson, KJ, Gellman, SH, and Fitzgerald, MC. "H/D exchange- and mass spectrometry-based strategy for the thermodynamic analysis of protein-ligand binding." Anal Chem 79, no. 15 (August 1, 2007): 5869-5877. Full Text Link to Item
  - Williams, JC, Roulhac, PL, Roy, AG, Vallee, RB, Fitzgerald, MC, and Hendrickson, WA. "Structural and thermodynamic characterization of a cytoplasmic dynein light chain-intermediate chain complex." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104, no. 24 (June 5, 2007): 10028-10033. Full Text
  - Frankel, BA, Tong, Y, Bentley, ML, Fitzgerald, MC, and McCafferty, DG. "Mutational analysis of active site residues in the Staphylococcus aureus transpeptidase SrtA." Biochemistry 46, no. 24 (June 2007): 7269-7278. Full Text
  - Frankel, BA, Tong, Y, Bentley, ML, Fitzgerald, MC, and McCafferty, DG. "Analysis of Active Site Residues in the Staphylococcus aureus Transpeptidase SrtA Mutational." Biochemistry , no. 46 (2007): 7269-7278. (Academic Article)
  - Dai, SY, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Accuracy of SUPREX (stability of unpurified proteins from rates of H/D exchange) and MALDI mass spectrometry-derived protein unfolding free energies determined under non-EX2 exchange conditions." J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 17, no. 11 (November 2006): 1535-1542. Full Text Link to Item
  - Dai, SY, and Fitzgerald, MC. "A mass spectrometry-based probe of equilibrium intermediates in protein-folding reactions." Biochemistry 45, no. 42 (October 24, 2006): 12890-12897. Full Text Link to Item
  - Yang, X, Wang, M, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Direct analysis of backbone-backbone hydrogen bond formation in protein folding transition states." J Mol Biol 363, no. 2 (October 20, 2006): 506-519. Full Text Link to Item
  - Yang, X, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Total chemical synthesis of the B1 domain of protein L from Peptostreptococcus magnus." Bioorg Chem 34, no. 3 (June 2006): 131-141. Full Text Link to Item
  - Wang, M, Wales, TE, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Conserved thermodynamic contributions of backbone hydrogen bonds in a protein fold." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103, no. 8 (February 10, 2006): 2600-2604. Full Text
  - Cisneros, GA, Wang, M, Silinski, P, Fitzgerald, MC, and Yang, W. "Theoretical and experimental determination on two substrates turned over by 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase." J Phys Chem A 110, no. 2 (January 19, 2006): 700-708. Full Text Link to Item
  - Tong, Y, Wuebbens, MM, Rajagopalan, KV, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic analysis of subunit interactions in Escherichia coli molybdopterin synthase." Biochemistry 44, no. 7 (February 22, 2005): 2595-2601. Full Text Link to Item
  - Dai, SY, Gardner, MW, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Protocol for the thermodynamic analysis of some proteins using an H/D exchange- and mass spectrometry-based technique." Anal Chem 77, no. 2 (January 15, 2005): 693-697. Full Text Link to Item
  - Dai, SY, Gardner, MW, and Fitzgerald, MC. "An Improved Protocol for the SUPREX (Stability of Unpurified Proteins from Rates of H/D Exchange) Analysis of Some Proteins." Analytical Chemistry 77 (2005): 693-697. (Academic Article)
  - Lin, SM, Haney, RP, Campa, MJ, Fitzgerald, MC, and Patz, EF. "Characterising phase variations in MALDI-TOF data and correcting them by peak alignment." Cancer Inform 1 (2005): 32-40. Open Access Copy Link to Item
  - Wang, M, Wales, TE, and Fitzgerald, MC. "The Thermodynamics of Backbone-Backbone Hydrogen Bonds are Conserved ina Protein Fold." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA (2005). (Academic Article)
  - Roulhac, PL, Powell, KD, Dhungana, S, Weaver, KD, Mietzner, TA, Crumbliss, AL, and Fitzgerald, MC. "SUPREX (Stability of Unpurified Proteins from Rates of H/D Exchange) analysis of the thermodynamics of synergistic anion binding by ferric-binding protein (FbpA), a bacterial transferrin." Biochemistry 43, no. 50 (December 21, 2004): 15767-15774. Full Text Link to Item
  - Dai, SY, Gardner, MW, and Fitzgerald, MC. "SUPREX (Stability of Unpurified Proteins from Rates of H/D Exchange) Analysis of Some Proteins." Analytical Chemistry (December 2004). (Academic Article)
  - Howard, BA, Zheng, Z, Campa, MJ, Wang, MZ, Sharma, A, Haura, E, Herndon, JE, Fitzgerald, MC, Bepler, G, and Patz, EF. "Translating biomarkers into clinical practice: prognostic implications of cyclophilin A and macrophage migratory inhibitory factor identified from protein expression profiles in non-small cell lung cancer." Lung Cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 46, no. 3 (December 2004): 313-323. Full Text
  - Yang, X, Wang, M, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Analysis of protein folding and function using backbone modified proteins." Bioorg Chem 32, no. 5 (October 2004): 438-449. (Review) Full Text Link to Item
  - Wang, MZ, Shetty, JT, Howard, BA, Campa, MJ, Patz, EF, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic analysis of cyclosporin a binding to cyclophilin a in a lung tumor tissue lysate." Anal Chem 76, no. 15 (August 1, 2004): 4343-4348. Full Text Link to Item
  - Wales, TE, Richardson, JS, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Facile chemical synthesis and equilibrium unfolding properties of CopG." Protein Science : a Publication of the Protein Society 13, no. 7 (July 2004): 1918-1926. Full Text
  - Cisneros, GA, Wang, M, Silinski, P, Fitzgerald, MC, and Yang, W. "The protein backbone makes important contributions to 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase enzyme catalysis: understanding from theory and experiment." Biochemistry 43, no. 22 (June 2004): 6885-6892. Full Text
  - Powell, KD, and Fitzgerald, MC. "High-throughput screening assay for the tunable selection of protein ligands." J Comb Chem 6, no. 2 (March 2004): 262-269. Full Text Link to Item
  - Ma, L, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Protein-DNA Interactions using a New H/D Exchange- and Mass Spectrometry-Based Method." Chemistry & Biology 10 (December 2003). (Academic Article)
  - Ma, L, and Fitzgerald, MC. "A new H/D exchange- and mass spectrometry-based method for thermodynamic analysis of protein-DNA interactions." Chem Biol 10, no. 12 (December 2003): 1205-1213. Link to Item
  - Powell, KD, Wang, MZ, Silinski, P, Ma, L, Wales, TE, Dai, SY, Warner, AH, Yang, X, and Fitzgerald, MC. "The accuracy and precision of a new H/D exchange- and mass spectrometry-based technique for measuring the thermodynamic stability of proteins." Analytica Chimica Acta 496, no. 1-2 (October 31, 2003): 225-232. Full Text
  - "Errata: Proteomics 10/2003." Proteomics 3, no. 10 (October 2003): 2067-2067. Full Text
  - Howard, BA, Wang, MZ, Campa, MJ, Corro, C, Fitzgerald, MC, and Patz, EF. "Identification and validation of a potential lung cancer serum biomarker detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight spectra analysis." Proteomics 3, no. 9 (September 2003): 1720-1724. Full Text
  - Wang, MZ, Howard, B, Campa, MJ, Patz, EF, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Analysis of human serum proteins by liquid phase isoelectric focusing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry." Proteomics 3, no. 9 (September 2003): 1661-1666. Full Text Link to Item
  - Ercole, F, FitzGerald, M, Perera, S, Ede, N, Riley, P, and Campbell, R. "A combinatorial approach in designing hydrophilic surfaces for solid-phase peptide synthesis." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 89, no. 12 (July 1, 2003): 3371-3378. Full Text
  - Silinski, P, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Comparative analysis of two different amide-to-ester bond mutations in the beta-sheet of 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase." Biochemistry 42, no. 21 (June 3, 2003): 6620-6630. Full Text Link to Item
  - Powell, KD, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Accuracy and precision of a new H/D exchange- and mass spectrometry-based technique for measuring the thermodynamic properties of protein-peptide complexes." Biochemistry 42, no. 17 (May 6, 2003): 4962-4970. Full Text Link to Item
  - Campa, MJ, Wang, MZ, Howard, B, Fitzgerald, MC, and Patz, EF. "Protein expression profiling identifies macrophage migration inhibitory factor and cyclophilin a as potential molecular targets in non-small cell lung cancer." Cancer Research 63, no. 7 (April 2003): 1652-1656.
  - Campa, MJ, Fitzgerald, MC, and Jr, EFP. "Exploring the proteome with MALDI-TOF." Proteomics 3, no. 9 (2003): 1659-1660.
  - Campa, MJ, Wang, MZ, Howard, B, Fitzgerald, MC, and Patz, EF. "Protein Expression Profiling Identifies MIF and Cyclophilin A as Potential Molecular Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer." Cancer Research 63, no. 7 (2003): 1652-1656. (Academic Article)
  - Wu, Z, Ercole, F, FitzGerald, M, Perera, S, Riley, P, Campbell, R, Pham, Y, Rea, P, Sandanayake, S, Mathieu, MN, Bray, AM, and Ede, NJ. "Synthesis of tetrahydro-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-ones on hydrophilic polyamide synPhase lanterns." Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry 5, no. 2 (2003): 166-171. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Powell, KD, Wang, MZ, Ma, L, Ghaemmaghami, S, and Oas, TG. "A general mass spectrometry-based method for the quantitation of protein-ligand binding interactions in solution." Proceedings 50th Asms Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics (December 1, 2002): 395-396.
  - Ghaemmaghami, S, Fitzgerald, MC, and Oas, TG. "Quantitative protein stability measurement in living bacteria." Proceedings 50th Asms Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics (December 1, 2002): 109-110.
  - Ma, L, Powell, KD, and Fitzgerald, MC. "A new H/D exchange- and MALDI-based assay for the quantitative analysis of protein-DNA interactions in solution." Proceedings 50th Asms Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics (December 1, 2002): 471-472.
  - Powell, KD, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Quantitative determination of protein-peptide binding constants using a new, MALDI- and H/D-exchange based technique." Proceedings 50th Asms Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics (December 1, 2002): 445-446.
  - Wang, MZ, Campa, M, Howard, BA, Patz, EF, and Fitzgerald, MC. "A fractionation protocol to reduce signal suppression effects in the MALDI analysis of blood proteins." Proceedings 50th Asms Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics (December 1, 2002): 587-588.
  - Powell, KD, Ghaemmaghami, S, Wang, MZ, Ma, L, Oas, TG, and Fitzgerald, MC. "A general mass spectrometry-based assay for the quantitation of protein-ligand binding interactions in solution." J Am Chem Soc 124, no. 35 (September 4, 2002): 10256-10257. Link to Item
  - Silinski, P, and Fitzgerald, MC. "A stable dimer in the pH-induced equilibrium unfolding of the homo-hexameric enzyme 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4-OT)." Biochemistry 41, no. 13 (April 2, 2002): 4480-4491. Link to Item
  - Powell, KD, Wales, TE, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Thermodynamic stability measurements on multimeric proteins using a new H/D exchange- and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry-based method." Protein Sci 11, no. 4 (April 2002): 841-851. Full Text Link to Item
  - Wales, TE, and Fitzgerald, MC. "The energetic contribution of backbone--backbone hydrogen bonds to the thermodynamic stability of a hyperstable P22 Arc repressor mutant." J Am Chem Soc 123, no. 31 (August 8, 2001): 7709-7710. Link to Item
  - Powell, KD, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Measurements of protein stability by H/D exchange and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry using picomoles of material." Anal Chem 73, no. 14 (July 15, 2001): 3300-3304. Link to Item
  - Silinski, P, Allingham, MJ, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Guanidine-induced equilibrium unfolding of a homo-hexameric enzyme 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4-OT)." Biochemistry 40, no. 14 (April 10, 2001): 4493-4502. Link to Item
  - Moss, JA, Silinski, P, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Mapping tertiary interactions in protein folding reactions: a novel mass spectrometry- and chemical synthesis-based approach." Fresenius J Anal Chem 369, no. 3-4 (February 2001): 252-257. Link to Item
  - Wang, MZ, and Fitzgerald, MC. "A solid sample preparation method that reduces signal suppression effects in the MALDI analysis of peptides." Anal Chem 73, no. 3 (February 1, 2001): 625-631. Link to Item
  - Powell, KD, and Fitzgerald, MC. "High Sensitivity Measurements of Protein Stability by H/D Exchange and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Mass spectrometry." Analytical Chemistry 73, no. 14 (2001): 3300-3304. (Academic Article)
  - Nakhle, BM, Silinski, P, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Identification of an essential backbone amide bond in the folding and stability of a multimeric enzyme." Journal of the American Chemical Society 122, no. 34 (August 30, 2000).
  - Nakhle, BM, Silinski, P, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Identification of an essential backbone amide bond in the folding and stability of a multimeric enzyme." Journal of the American Chemical Society 122, no. 34 (August 30, 2000): 8105-8111. Full Text
  - Ghaemmaghami, S, Fitzgerald, MC, and Oas, TG. "A quantitative, high-throughput screen for protein stability." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97, no. 15 (July 2000): 8296-8301. Full Text
  - Nakhle, BM, Silinski, P, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Identification of an essential backbone amide bond in the folding and stability of a multimeric enzyme." Journal of the American Chemical Society 122, no. 34 (2000): X-.
  - Beeston, RF, Aldridge, WS, Treadway, JA, Fitzgerald, MC, DeGraff, BA, and Stitzel, SE. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Photochemical/Photophysical Properties of Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Hexadentate Bipyridine and Phenanthroline Ligands." Inorganic Chemistry 37, no. 17 (December 1, 1998): 4368-4379.
  - Stamps, SL, Fitzgerald, MC, and Whitman, CP. "Characterization of the role of the amino-terminal proline in the enzymatic activity catalyzed by macrophage migration inhibitory factor." Biochemistry 37, no. 28 (July 1998): 10195-10202. Full Text
  - Winston, RL, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Concentration and desalting of protein samples for mass spectrometry analysis." Analytical Biochemistry 262, no. 1 (1998): 83-85. Full Text
  - Carrasco, MR, Fitzgerald, MC, Oda, Y, and Kent, SBH. "Direct monitoring of organic reactions on polymeric supports." Tetrahedron Letters 38, no. 36 (September 8, 1997): 6331-6334. Full Text
  - Winston, RL, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Mass spectrometry as a readout of protein structure and function." Mass Spectrometry Reviews 16, no. 4 (July 1997): 165-179. (Review) Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Laco, GS, Elder, JH, and Kent, SBH. "A Continuous Fluorometric Assay for the FIV Protease." Analytical Biochemistry 254, no. 2 (1997): 226-230. (Academic Article)
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Laco, GS, Elder, JH, and Kent, SBH. "A continuous fluorometric assay for the feline immunodeficiency virus protease." Analytical Biochemistry 254, no. 2 (1997): 226-230. Full Text
  - Jr, WHJ, Czerwinski, RM, Fitzgerald, MC, and Whitman, CP. "Inactivation of 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase by 2-oxo-3-pentynoate." Biochemistry 36, no. 50 (1997): 15724-15732. Full Text
  - Laco, GS, Fitzgerald, MC, Morris, GM, Olson, AJ, Kent, SBH, and Elder, JH. "Molecular analysis of the feline immunodeficiency virus protease: Generation of a novel form of the protease by autoproteolysis and construction of cleavage-resistant proteases." Journal of Virology 71, no. 7 (1997): 5505-5511.
  - Muir, TW, Dawson, PE, Fitzgerald, MC, and Kent, SBH. "Protein signature analysis: A practical new approach for studying structure-activity relationships in peptides and proteins." Methods in Enzymology 289 (1997): 545-564. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Harris, K, Shevlin, CG, and Siuzdak, G. "Direct characterization of solid phase resin-bound molecules by mass spectrometry." Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 6, no. 8 (April 23, 1996): 979-982. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Chernushevich, I, Standing, KG, Whitman, CP, and Kent, SBH. "Probing the oligomeric structure of an enzyme by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 93, no. 14 (1996): 6851-6856. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, and Siuzdak, G. "Biochemical mass spectrometry: Worth the weight?." Chemistry and Biology 3, no. 9 (1996): 707-715. Full Text
  - Muir, TW, Dawson, PE, Fitzgerald, MC, and Kent, SBH. "Probing the chemical basis of binding activity in an SH3 domain by protein signature analysis." Chemistry and Biology 3, no. 10 (1996): 817-825.
  - Qian, X, Moris Varas, F, Fitzgerald, MC, and Wong, CH. "C2-Symmetrical Tetrahydroxyazepenes as Inhibitors of Glyosidases and HIV/FIV Proteases." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 4, no. 12 (1996): 2055-2069. (Academic Article)
  - Qian, X, Morís-Varas, F, Fitzgerald, MC, and Wong, C-H. "C₂-symmetrical tetrahydroxyazepanes as inhibitors of glycosidases and HIV/FIV proteases." Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 4, no. 12 (1996): 2055-2069. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Kent, SBH, Chernushevich, I, Standing, KG, and Whitman, CP. "Total Chemical Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of the Enzyme Enantiomers L- and D-4-Oxalocrotonate Tautomerase." Journal of the American Chemical Society 117, no. 45 (January 1, 1995): 11075-11080. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, and Smith, LM. "Mass spectrometry of nucleic acids: The promise of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry." Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure 24 (1995): 117-140.
  - Zhu, L, Parr, GR, Fitzgerald, MC, Nelson, CM, and Smith, LM. "Oligodeoxynucleotide Fragmentation in MALDI/TOF Mass Spectrometry Using 355-nm Radiation." Journal of the American Chemical Society 117, no. 22 (January 1, 1995): 6048-6056. Full Text
  - Shen, CL, Fitzgerald, MC, and Murphy, RM. "Effect of acid predissolution on fibril size and fibril flexibility of synthetic beta-amyloid peptide." Biophysical Journal 67, no. 3 (September 1994): 1238-1246. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Parr, GR, and Smith, LM. "Basic matrices for the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of proteins and oligonucleotides." Analytical Chemistry 65, no. 22 (November 1993): 3204-3211. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Zhu, L, and Smith, LM. "The analysis of mock DNA sequencing reactions using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 7, no. 10 (October 1993): 895-897. Full Text
  - Fitzgerald, MC, Skowron, P, Etten, JLV, Smith, LM, and Mead, DA. "Rapid shotgun cloning utilizing the two base recognition endonuclease CviJI." Nucleic Acids Research 20, no. 14 (1992): 3753-3762.
  - Parr, GR, Fitzgerald, MC, and Smith, LM. "Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 6, no. 6 (January 1, 1992): 369-372. Full Text
  - Beeston, RF, Larson, SL, and Fitzgerald, MC. "Ground- and Excited-State Properties of a Photostable Hemicage Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complex." Inorganic Chemistry 28, no. 23 (November 1, 1989): 4187-4189. Full Text
  - Dawson, PE, Fitzgerald, MC, Muir, TW, and Kent, SBH. "Methods for the chemical synthesis and readout of self-encoded arrays of polypeptide analogues." Journal of the American Chemical Society 119, no. 34 (August 27, 1997): 7917-7927. Full Text
Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
- BIOCHEM 593: Research Independent Study 2019
- CHEM 393: Research Independent Study 2019
- CHEM 394: Research Independent Study 2019
- CHEM 401: Analytical Chemistry 2019
- CHEM 493: Research Independent Study 2019
- CHEM 494: Research Independent Study 2019
- CHEM 701S: Research Orientation Seminar 2019
- CHEM 801: Research 2019
- CHEM 401L: Analytical Chemistry Laboratory 2017
- CHEM 506: Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry 2017
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