Christopher Bang Newgard

Christopher Bang Newgard
W. David and Sarah W. Stedman Distinguished Professor of Nutrition in the School of Medicine

Over its 16 year history, our laboratory has investigated mechanisms of metabolic regulation and fuel homeostasis in mammalian systems. Major projects include: 1) Mechanisms involved in regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic islet β-cells by glucose and other metabolic fuels; 2) Development of methods for protection of β-cells against immune-mediated damage; 3) Studies on spatial organization and regulation of systems controlling hepatic glucose balance; 4) Studies on the mechanisms involved in lipid-induced impairment of insulin secretion and action in diabetes.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

W. David and Sarah W. Stedman Distinguished Professor of Nutrition in the School of Medicine, Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Basic Science Departments 2002
Professor of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Basic Science Departments 2002
Director, Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Sarah Stedman Nutrition & Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute 2002
Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 2002
Professor in Medicine, Medicine, Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Medicine 2006
Member of the Duke Cancer Institute, Duke Cancer Institute, Institutes and Centers 2002
Affiliate, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke Global Health Institute, University Institutes and Centers 2009

Contact Information

300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701
Duke Box 104775, Durham, NC 27710
newga002@mc.duke.edu (919) 668-6059

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., University of Texas at Dallas 1984
Duke Appointment History
- Research Professor in Medicine, Medicine, Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Medicine 2002 - 2006
- Instructor, Temporary in the Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Basic Science Departments 2002
Recognition
In the News
- DEC 13, 2016
  
  Duke Teams Tapped to Examine the Molecular Benefits of Exercise
- SEP 25, 2015
  
  Newly Identified Biochemical Pathway Could Be Target For Insulin Control
- APR 15, 2015 WNCN
  
  Durham Innovation District attracts Duke I&E Initiative
Awards & Honors
- MERIT Award. National Institutes of Health. 2005
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Section Awards/Solomon A. Berson Distinguished Lecture. American Physiological Society. 2003
Expertise
Global Scholarship
- Research
  - Singapore (Country)
Research
Selected Grants
- Pharmacological Sciences Training Grant awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2025
- Role of Muscle Ketone Metabolism in Mediating the Metabolic Benefits of Weight Loss awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2024
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Training Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
- Understanding metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer and the impact the tumor microenvironment has on cancer progression awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2024
- Studies on the Mechanisms by which SIRT5 Regulates Aging and Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
- Mechanisms connecting dysregulated BCAA, glucose & lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2023
- Duke KURe Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2023
- Mechanisms of lipid-induced bioenergetic stress in muscle awarded by National Institutes of Health 2010 - 2023
- The Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Kinase-Phosphatase System as a New Regulatory Node in Myocardial Fuel Section awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- Core Laboratory - targeted metabolomics study awarded by Axcella Health 2019 - 2023
- Serotonin as a Novel Biomarker for Progression to Type 2 Diabetes in Obese Adolescents awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2022
- Post-Translational and Epigenetic Control of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolism awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2022
- Duke Training Grant in Nephrology awarded by National Institutes of Health 1995 - 2022
- Understanding methionine metabolism and its therapeutic potential in cancer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2021
- A comprehensive research resource to define mechanisms underlying microbial regulation of host metabolism in pediatric obesity and obesity-targeted therapeutics awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2021
- Engineered Glucose Metabolism in Insulin Secreting Cells awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2021
- Core Laboratory - Flux analysis of lipid oxidation awarded by Axcella Health 2020 - 2021
- IPA MIRECC - Michael Hauser awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2019 - 2021
- AHA Career Development Award awarded by American Heart Association 2018 - 2021
- Metagenomic Studies of the Gut Microbiomes of Obese and Lean Twins awarded by Washington University in St. Louis 2014 - 2021
- Metagenomic Studies of the Gut Microbiomes of Obese and Lean Twins awarded by Washington University in St. Louis 2014 - 2021
- Postdoctoral Training in Genomic Medicine Research awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2021
- Multidisciplinary Heart and Vascular Diseases awarded by National Institutes of Health 1975 - 2021
- Small molecules with pleiotropic positive effects on beta-cell health awarded by Eli Lilly and Company 2019 - 2021
- Development of small molecules for islet beta-cell regeneration and diabetes therapy awarded by University of Michigan 2019 - 2021
- IPA - Michael Hauser awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2019 - 2021
- IPA MVP - Michael Hauser awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2019 - 2020
- Networks of nutritional stress in human pancreatic islet cells awarded by Merck Sharp & Dohme 2018 - 2020
- A Biochemical Roadmap of Exercise Signaling awarded by Broad Institute 2016 - 2020
- Statin-induced Increases in HMG-CoA lead to HMG-modified Fatty Acid Synthase awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2020
- EED Project awarded by Washington University in St. Louis 2017 - 2020
- Reversible Mitochondrial Protein Acetylation and Metabolic Regulation awarded by Buck Institute for Research on Aging 2017 - 2020
- Organization and Function of Cellular Structure awarded by National Institutes of Health 1975 - 2020
- Pharmacological Sciences Training Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 1975 - 2020
- Center for Atypical Diabetes Research and Evaluation (CADRE) awarded by Baylor College of Medicine 2018 - 2020
- Core Laboratory - metabolomics analysis-healthy baseline awarded by Axcella Health 2019
- 13C-Metabolic Flux Analysis for Understanding Cardiac Energy Homeostasis awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2019
- Pharmacology Industry Internships for Ph.D. Students awarded by American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2017 - 2019
- Thermo Lumos Tribrid High-Resolution Accurate-Mass Tandem Mass Spectrometer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2019
- Metabolomic Biomarkers Predictores of Long-term Success Following Bariatric Surgery awarded by Columbia University 2015 - 2019
- Biomarkers of Mental Stress Induced Myocardial Ischemia and CHD Prognosis awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2019
- Metabolic fate of orally-administered isopentanol in wild-type Black 6 mice awarded by Synlogic 2018 - 2019
- Biochemical Mechanisms of NNMT Inhibitors awarded by Eli Lilly and Company 2017 - 2018
- Collaborative Study on Biomarkers of Fatty Liver Diseases awarded by Pfizer, Inc. 2017 - 2018
- Growth Failure in Extremely Preterm Infants: Microbiomic and Metabolomic Analysis awarded by Gerber Foundation 2014 - 2018
- Duke Research Training Program for Pediatricians awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2018
- Manipulation of BCAA Metabolism for Therapy of Diabetes and its Co-morbidities awarded by Eli Lilly and Company 2017 - 2018
- HIRN UCSD awarded by University of California - San Diego 2017 - 2018
- Ethanol-induced Protein Acylation Regulates Metabolism awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2018
- Gene expression programs of lactic acidosis in human cancers awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2018
- Mitochondrial Protein Acetylation and Energy Metabolism in Muscle awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2018
- Center for Molecular & Cellular Studies of Ped Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2018
- Microbiome engineering to affect host nitrogen/amino acid metabolism awarded by Synlogic 2017 - 2018
- Role of Protein Malonylation in Regulating Mitochondrial Function awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2017
- Supplement - A Biochemical Roadmap of Exercise Signaling awarded by Broad Institute 2017
- Development of Novel Therapies for NIDDM awarded by National Institutes of Health 1984 - 2017
- Reversible Mitochondrial Protein Acetylation and Metabolic Regulation awarded by Gladstone 2010 - 2017
- Sponsored Research Agreement awarded by Eli Lilly and Company 2015 - 2017
- Beta cell development and type 2 diabetes: the role of lactogen signaling awarded by American Diabetes Association 2014 - 2016
- The Breast Milk, Gut Microbiome and Immunity Project awarded by Washington University in St. Louis 2013 - 2016
- VA268-15-J-0133 awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2015 - 2016
- Regulation of Islet Beta-Cell Function via Islet-Derived VGF Peptides awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2016
- Metabolomic Quantitative Trait Locus (mQTL) Genetic Mapping in Human CVD awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2016
- Iron homeostasis in mammalian muscle awarded by National Institutes of Health 2011 - 2016
- Mass Spectrometry, Immunological and Clinical Chemistry Assessment of Target Metabolomic Metabolomic and Proteomic Quantifications for Dept. of Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantc awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2014 - 2015
- Exploiting metabolic vulnerabilities of CD4 T cell subsets to control inflammatory awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015
- Metabolic Regulators of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Resistance awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2015
- T cell metabolism as a determinant of differentiation in allergic asthma awarded by National Institutes of Health 2011 - 2015
- Multi-Disciplinary Approaches to Driving Therapeutic Human Beta Cell Replication awarded by Mount Sinai School of Medicine 2013 - 2015
- Multidisciplinary Neonatal Training Grant awarded by National Institutes of Health 2010 - 2015
- Mass Spectrometry, Immunological and Clinical Chemistry Assessment of Targeted Metabolomic and Proteomic Quantifications for Dept of Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic VISN 6, MIRECC awarded by Department of Veterans Affairs 2013 - 2014
- Fat Oxidation, Redox Stress and Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle awarded by National Institutes of Health 2011 - 2014
- Glucose Transport in Regulation of T Cell Activation and Inflammation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2012 - 2014
- Glucose metabolism and cell death in cancer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2014
- Hormonal regulation of a Ca2+/AMPK signaling pathway awarded by National Institutes of Health 1984 - 2011
- Integration of Oncogenic Networks in Cancer Phenotypes awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2011
- G(alpha)Z signaling in insulin secretion and glucose tolerance awarded by National Institutes of Health 2008 - 2010
- Macrophage Mitochondrial Stress in Inflammation, Insulin Resistance & Obesity awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2010
- Regulation and metabolic impact of mitochondrial CD36 in skeletal muscle awarded by National Institutes of Health 2006 - 2009
- Mechanisms to Induce Islet Proliferation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2009
- Molecular Genetics of Muscle Specialization awarded by National Institutes of Health 2001 - 2009
- Developmental, nutritional and hormonal regulation of Ghrelin in children with Prader-Willi Syndrome awarded by National Institutes of Health 2005 - 2009
- Engineering of Immunoprotection in B-Cell Lines awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2007
External Relationships
- Boehringer Ingleheim
- Lilly (Eli Lilly)
- Merck
- Pfizer Inc.
- axcella health
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - White, Phillip J., Amanda L. Lapworth, Robert W. McGarrah, Lydia Coulter Kwee, Scott B. Crown, Olga Ilkayeva, Jie An, et al. “Muscle-Liver Trafficking of BCAA-Derived Nitrogen Underlies Obesity-Related Glycine Depletion.” Cell Rep 33, no. 6 (November 10, 2020): 108375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108375.
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  - Huynh, Frank K., Brett S. Peterson, Kristin A. Anderson, Zhihong Lin, Aeowynn J. Coakley, Fiara M. S. Llaguno, Thi-Tina N. Nguyen, et al. “β-Cell-specific ablation of sirtuin 4 does not affect nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion in mice.” Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 319, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): E805–13. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00170.2020.
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  - Liu, Yu, Alan Kuang, Octavious Talbot, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, M Geoffrey Hayes, Olga R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Metabolomic and genetic associations with insulin resistance in pregnancy.” Diabetologia 63, no. 9 (September 2020): 1783–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-020-05198-1.
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  - Hohmeier, Hans E., Lu Zhang, Brandon Taylor, Samuel Stephens, Danhong Lu, Peter McNamara, Bryan Laffitte, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Identification of a small molecule that stimulates human β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion, and protects against cytotoxic stress in rat insulinoma cells.” Plos One 15, no. 3 (2020): e0224344. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224344.
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  - Kadakia, Rachel, Octavious Talbot, Alan Kuang, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, Olga R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Cord Blood Metabolomics: Association With Newborn Anthropometrics and C-Peptide Across Ancestries.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 104, no. 10 (October 2019): 4459–72. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2019-00238.
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  - Softic, Samir, Jesse G. Meyer, Guo-Xiao Wang, Manoj K. Gupta, Thiago M. Batista, Hans P. M. M. Lauritzen, Shiho Fujisaka, et al. “Dietary Sugars Alter Hepatic Fatty Acid Oxidation via Transcriptional and Post-translational Modifications of Mitochondrial Proteins.” Cell Metabolism 30, no. 4 (October 2019): 735-753.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.09.003.
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  - Chen, Zhanghua, Christopher B. Newgard, Jeniffer S. Kim, Olga IIkayeva, Tanya L. Alderete, Duncan C. Thomas, Kiros Berhane, et al. “Near-roadway air pollution exposure and altered fatty acid oxidation among adolescents and young adults - The interplay with obesity.” Environ Int 130 (September 2019): 104935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.104935.
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  - Gehrig, Jeanette L., Siddarth Venkatesh, Hao-Wei Chang, Matthew C. Hibberd, Vanderlene L. Kung, Jiye Cheng, Robert Y. Chen, et al. “Effects of microbiota-directed foods in gnotobiotic animals and undernourished children.” Science 365, no. 6449 (July 12, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau4732.
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  - Younge, Noelle E., Christopher B. Newgard, C Michael Cotten, Ronald N. Goldberg, Michael J. Muehlbauer, James R. Bain, Robert D. Stevens, et al. “Disrupted Maturation of the Microbiota and Metabolome among Extremely Preterm Infants with Postnatal Growth Failure.” Sci Rep 9, no. 1 (June 3, 2019): 8167. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44547-y.
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  - Wang, GuoXiao, Jesse G. Meyer, Weikang Cai, Samir Softic, Mengyao Ella Li, Eric Verdin, Christopher Newgard, Birgit Schilling, and C Ronald Kahn. “Regulation of UCP1 and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Brown Adipose Tissue by Reversible Succinylation.” Mol Cell 74, no. 4 (May 16, 2019): 844-857.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2019.03.021.
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  - Harskamp, Ralf E., Thomas M. Granger, Robert M. Clare, Kyle R. White, Renato D. Lopes, Karen S. Pieper, Christopher B. Granger, Christopher B. Newgard, Svati H. Shah, and L Kristin Newby. “Peripheral blood metabolite profiles associated with new onset atrial fibrillation.” Am Heart J 211 (May 2019): 54–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.010.
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  - Kadakia, Rachel, Michael Nodzenski, Octavious Talbot, Alan Kuang, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, et al. “Maternal metabolites during pregnancy are associated with newborn outcomes and hyperinsulinaemia across ancestries.” Diabetologia 62, no. 3 (March 2019): 473–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4781-1.
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  - Teh, Jing Tsong, Wan Long Zhu, Christopher B. Newgard, Patrick J. Casey, and Mei Wang. “Respiratory Capacity and Reserve Predict Cell Sensitivity to Mitochondria Inhibitors: Mechanism-Based Markers to Identify Metformin-Responsive Cancers.” Mol Cancer Ther 18, no. 3 (March 2019): 693–705. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-18-0766.
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  - Haldeman, Jonathan M., Amanda E. Conway, Michelle E. Arlotto, Dorothy H. Slentz, Deborah M. Muoio, Thomas C. Becker, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Creation of versatile cloning platforms for transgene expression and dCas9-based epigenome editing.” Nucleic Acids Res 47, no. 4 (February 28, 2019): e23. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gky1286.
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  - White, Phillip J., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Branched-chain amino acids in disease.” Science 363, no. 6427 (February 8, 2019): 582–83. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav0558.
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  - Hohmeier, Hans E., Jie An, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Improving human β-cell maturation in vitro.” Nat Cell Biol 21, no. 2 (February 2019): 119–21. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-019-0277-6.
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  - Kavanagh, Kylie, Stephen M. Day, Morgan C. Pait, William R. Mortiz, Christopher B. Newgard, Olga Ilkayeva, Donald A. Mcclain, and Shannon L. Macauley. “Type-2-Diabetes Alters CSF but Not Plasma Metabolomic and AD Risk Profiles in Vervet Monkeys.” Front Neurosci 13 (2019): 843. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00843.
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  - Ravi, Saranya, Traci L. Parry, Monte S. Willis, Pamela Lockyer, Cam Patterson, James R. Bain, Robert D. Stevens, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, and Jonathan C. Schisler. “Adverse Effects of Fenofibrate in Mice Deficient in the Protein Quality Control Regulator, CHIP.” J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 5, no. 3 (August 15, 2018). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd5030043.
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  - Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai, Michael J. Muehlbauer, James R. Bain, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Damian M. Craig, Christopher B. Newgard, Laura P. Svetkey, Svati H. Shah, and Alfonso Torquati. “Improvement in insulin resistance after gastric bypass surgery is correlated with a decline in plasma 2-hydroxybutyric acid.” Surg Obes Relat Dis 14, no. 8 (August 2018): 1126–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2018.03.033.
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  - Peterson, Brett S., Jonathan E. Campbell, Olga Ilkayeva, Paul A. Grimsrud, Matthew D. Hirschey, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Remodeling of the Acetylproteome by SIRT3 Manipulation Fails to Affect Insulin Secretion or β Cell Metabolism in the Absence of Overnutrition.” Cell Rep 24, no. 1 (July 3, 2018): 209-223.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.088.
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  - Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N., Marta Guasch-Ferré, Meghana D. Gadgil, Christopher B. Newgard, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Olga R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Dietary Patterns among Asian Indians Living in the United States Have Distinct Metabolomic Profiles That Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk.” J Nutr 148, no. 7 (July 1, 2018): 1150–59. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy074.
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  - Newgard, Christopher B. “John Denis McGarry, PhD: A Remembrance of a Master Metabolic Physiologist.” Diabetes Care 41, no. 7 (July 2018): 1330–36. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci18-0022.
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  - White, Phillip J., Robert W. McGarrah, Paul A. Grimsrud, Shih-Chia Tso, Wen-Hsuan Yang, Jonathan M. Haldeman, Thomas Grenier-Larouche, et al. “The BCKDH Kinase and Phosphatase Integrate BCAA and Lipid Metabolism via Regulation of ATP-Citrate Lyase.” Cell Metab 27, no. 6 (June 5, 2018): 1281-1293.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.015.
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  - McGarrah, Robert W., Scott B. Crown, Guo-Fang Zhang, Svati H. Shah, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Cardiovascular Metabolomics.” Circ Res 122, no. 9 (April 27, 2018): 1238–58. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311002.
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  - Chondronikola, Maria, Faidon Magkos, Jun Yoshino, Adewole L. Okunade, Bruce W. Patterson, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Christopher B. Newgard, and Samuel Klein. “Effect of Progressive Weight Loss on Lactate Metabolism: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Obesity (Silver Spring) 26, no. 4 (April 2018): 683–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22129.
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  - An, Jie, Liping Wang, Michael L. Patnode, Vanessa K. Ridaura, Jonathan M. Haldeman, Robert D. Stevens, Olga Ilkayeva, et al. “Physiological mechanisms of sustained fumagillin-induced weight loss.” Jci Insight 3, no. 5 (March 8, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.99453.
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  - Meyer, Jesse G., Samir Softic, Nathan Basisty, Matthew J. Rardin, Eric Verdin, Bradford W. Gibson, Olga Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, C Ronald Kahn, and Birgit Schilling. “Temporal dynamics of liver mitochondrial protein acetylation and succinylation and metabolites due to high fat diet and/or excess glucose or fructose.” Plos One 13, no. 12 (2018): e0208973. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208973.
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  - Sugi, Keiki, Paishiun N. Hsieh, Olga Ilkayeva, Shamanthika Shelkay, Bridget Moroney, Palvir Baadh, Browning Haynes, et al. “Kruppel-like factor 15 is required for the cardiac adaptive response to fasting.” Plos One 13, no. 2 (2018): e0192376. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192376.
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  - Jensen, Brian C., Traci L. Parry, Wei Huang, Ju Youn Beak, Amro Ilaiwy, James R. Bain, Christopher B. Newgard, et al. “Effects of the kinase inhibitor sorafenib on heart, muscle, liver and plasma metabolism in vivo using non-targeted metabolomics analysis.” Br J Pharmacol 174, no. 24 (December 2017): 4797–4811. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.14062.
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  - Softic, Samir, Manoj K. Gupta, Guo-Xiao Wang, Shiho Fujisaka, Brian T. O’Neill, Tata Nageswara Rao, Jennifer Willoughby, et al. “Divergent effects of glucose and fructose on hepatic lipogenesis and insulin signaling.” The Journal of Clinical Investigation 127, no. 11 (November 2017): 4059–74. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci94585.
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  - Bolton, Jessica L., Melanie G. Wiley, Bailey Ryan, Samantha Truong, Melva Strait, Dana Creighton Baker, Nancy Y. Yang, et al. “Perinatal western-type diet and associated gestational weight gain alter postpartum maternal mood.” Brain Behav 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e00828. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.828.
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  - Stephens, Samuel B., Robert J. Edwards, Masato Sadahiro, Wei-Jye Lin, Cheng Jiang, Stephen R. Salton, and Christopher B. Newgard. “The Prohormone VGF Regulates β Cell Function via Insulin Secretory Granule Biogenesis.” Cell Rep 20, no. 10 (September 5, 2017): 2480–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.050.
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  - Jensen, Mette V., Jessica R. Gooding, Mourad Ferdaoussi, Xiao-Qing Dai, Brett S. Peterson, Patrick E. MacDonald, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Metabolomics applied to islet nutrient sensing mechanisms.” Diabetes Obes Metab 19 Suppl 1 (September 2017): 90–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13010.
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  - Wang, Hanghang, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Sara K. O’Neal, Christopher B. Newgard, Elizabeth R. Hauser, James R. Bain, and Svati H. Shah. “Recommendations for Improving Identification and Quantification in Non-Targeted, GC-MS-Based Metabolomic Profiling of Human Plasma.” Metabolites 7, no. 3 (August 25, 2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo7030045.
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  - Wang, Hanghang, Kevin Anstrom, Olga Ilkayeva, Michael J. Muehlbauer, James R. Bain, Steven McNulty, Christopher B. Newgard, et al. “Sildenafil Treatment in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Targeted Metabolomic Profiling in the RELAX Trial.” Jama Cardiology 2, no. 8 (August 2017): 896–901. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2017.1239.
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  - Abdullah, Muhammad, Joe N. Kornegay, Aubree Honcoop, Traci L. Parry, Cynthia J. Balog-Alvarez, Sara K. O’Neal, James R. Bain, et al. “Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis of Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy-Affected Muscles Reveals Alterations in Arginine and Proline Metabolism, and Elevations in Glutamic and Oleic Acid In Vivo.” Metabolites 7, no. 3 (July 29, 2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo7030038.
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  - Fu, Jianyang, Xiaoqing Dai, Gregory Plummer, Kunimasa Suzuki, Austin Bautista, John M. Githaka, Laura Senior, et al. “Kv2.1 Clustering Contributes to Insulin Exocytosis and Rescues Human β-Cell Dysfunction.” Diabetes 66, no. 7 (July 2017): 1890–1900. https://doi.org/10.2337/db16-1170.
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  - Jacob, Saya, Michael Nodzenski, Anna C. Reisetter, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, Olga R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Targeted Metabolomics Demonstrates Distinct and Overlapping Maternal Metabolites Associated With BMI, Glucose, and Insulin Sensitivity During Pregnancy Across Four Ancestry Groups.” Diabetes Care 40, no. 7 (July 2017): 911–19. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-2453.
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  - Lowe, William L., James R. Bain, Michael Nodzenski, Anna C. Reisetter, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, Olga R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Maternal BMI and Glycemia Impact the Fetal Metabolome.” Diabetes Care 40, no. 7 (July 2017): 902–10. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-2452.
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  - Dean, E Danielle, Mingyu Li, Nripesh Prasad, Scott N. Wisniewski, Alison Von Deylen, Jason Spaeth, Lisette Maddison, et al. “Interrupted Glucagon Signaling Reveals Hepatic α Cell Axis and Role for L-Glutamine in α Cell Proliferation.” Cell Metab 25, no. 6 (June 6, 2017): 1362-1373.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2017.05.011.
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  - Masko, Elizabeth M., Mahmoud A. Alfaqih, Keith R. Solomon, William T. Barry, Christopher B. Newgard, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Nikolaos A. Valilis, et al. “Evidence for Feedback Regulation Following Cholesterol Lowering Therapy in a Prostate Cancer Xenograft Model.” Prostate 77, no. 5 (April 2017): 446–57. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.23282.
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  - Luo, Nancy, Damian Craig, Olga Ilkayeva, Michael Muehlbauer, William E. Kraus, Christopher B. Newgard, Svati H. Shah, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Plasma acylcarnitines are associated with pulmonary hypertension.” Pulm Circ 7, no. 1 (March 2017): 211–18. https://doi.org/10.1086/690554.
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  - Sandler, Victoria, Anna C. Reisetter, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Michael Nodzenski, Robert D. Stevens, Olga Ilkayeva, et al. “Associations of maternal BMI and insulin resistance with the maternal metabolome and newborn outcomes.” Diabetologia 60, no. 3 (March 2017): 518–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-016-4182-2.
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  - Reisetter, Anna C., Michael J. Muehlbauer, James R. Bain, Michael Nodzenski, Robert D. Stevens, Olga Ilkayeva, Boyd E. Metzger, Christopher B. Newgard, William L. Lowe, and Denise M. Scholtens. “Mixture model normalization for non-targeted gas chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomics data.” Bmc Bioinformatics 18, no. 1 (February 2, 2017): 84. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-017-1501-7.
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  - Griffin, Nicholas W., Philip P. Ahern, Jiye Cheng, Andrew C. Heath, Olga Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, Luigi Fontana, and Jeffrey I. Gordon. “Prior Dietary Practices and Connections to a Human Gut Microbial Metacommunity Alter Responses to Diet Interventions.” Cell Host Microbe 21, no. 1 (January 11, 2017): 84–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2016.12.006.
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  - Newgard, Christopher B. “Metabolomics and Metabolic Diseases: Where Do We Stand?” Cell Metab 25, no. 1 (January 10, 2017): 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.018.
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  - Hayes, Heather L., Brett S. Peterson, Jonathan M. Haldeman, Christopher B. Newgard, Hans E. Hohmeier, and Samuel B. Stephens. “Delayed apoptosis allows islet β-cells to implement an autophagic mechanism to promote cell survival.” Plos One 12, no. 2 (2017): e0172567. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172567.
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  - Hayes, Heather L., Lu Zhang, Thomas C. Becker, Jonathan M. Haldeman, Samuel B. Stephens, Michelle Arlotto, Larry G. Moss, Christopher B. Newgard, and Hans E. Hohmeier. “A Pdx-1-Regulated Soluble Factor Activates Rat and Human Islet Cell Proliferation.” Mol Cell Biol 36, no. 23 (December 1, 2016): 2918–30. https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00103-16.
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  - Ribel-Madsen, Amalie, Lars I. Hellgren, Charlotte Brøns, Rasmus Ribel-Madsen, Christopher B. Newgard, and Allan A. Vaag. “Plasma amino acid levels are elevated in young, healthy low birth weight men exposed to short-term high-fat overfeeding.” Physiol Rep 4, no. 23 (December 2016). https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13044.
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  - Kucejova, Blanka, Joao Duarte, Santhosh Satapati, Xiaorong Fu, Olga Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, James Brugarolas, and Shawn C. Burgess. “Hepatic mTORC1 Opposes Impaired Insulin Action to Control Mitochondrial Metabolism in Obesity.” Cell Rep 16, no. 2 (July 12, 2016): 508–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.006.
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  - Ilaiwy, Amro, Miao Liu, Traci L. Parry, James R. Bain, Christopher B. Newgard, Jonathan C. Schisler, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Florin Despa, and Monte S. Willis. “Human amylin proteotoxicity impairs protein biosynthesis, and alters major cellular signaling pathways in the heart, brain and liver of humanized diabetic rat model in vivo.” Metabolomics 12, no. 5 (May 2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-016-1022-9.
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  - Zhang, Wenwei, So Young Bu, Mara T. Mashek, InSug O-Sullivan, Zakaria Sibai, Salmaan A. Khan, Olga Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, Douglas G. Mashek, and Terry G. Unterman. “Integrated Regulation of Hepatic Lipid and Glucose Metabolism by Adipose Triacylglycerol Lipase and FoxO Proteins.” Cell Rep 15, no. 2 (April 12, 2016): 349–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.021.
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  - Sommer, Felix, Marcus Ståhlman, Olga Ilkayeva, Jon M. Arnemo, Jonas Kindberg, Johan Josefsson, Christopher B. Newgard, Ole Fröbert, and Fredrik Bäckhed. “The Gut Microbiota Modulates Energy Metabolism in the Hibernating Brown Bear Ursus arctos.” Cell Rep 14, no. 7 (February 23, 2016): 1655–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.026.
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  - Gooding, Jessica R., Mette V. Jensen, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Metabolomics applied to the pancreatic islet.” Arch Biochem Biophys 589 (January 1, 2016): 120–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2015.06.013.
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  - Wagner, Martin, Sungwoo Choi, Katrin Panzitt, Jennifer L. Mamrosh, Jae Man Lee, Alex Zaufel, Rui Xiao, et al. “Liver receptor homolog-1 is a critical determinant of methyl-pool metabolism.” Hepatology 63, no. 1 (January 2016): 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.28124.
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  - Rodríguez, Jessica E., Jie-Ying Liao, Jun He, Jonathan C. Schisler, Christopher B. Newgard, Doreen Drujan, David J. Glass, et al. “The ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 regulates PPARα activity in the heart by enhancing nuclear export via monoubiquitination.” Mol Cell Endocrinol 413 (September 15, 2015): 36–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2015.06.008.
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  - Bustamante-Marin, Ximena M., Matthew S. Cook, Jessica Gooding, Christopher Newgard, and Blanche Capel. “Left-Biased Spermatogenic Failure in 129/SvJ Dnd1Ter/+ Mice Correlates with Differences in Vascular Architecture, Oxygen Availability, and Metabolites.” Biol Reprod 93, no. 3 (September 2015): 78. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.115.128850.
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  - Teh, J. T., W. L. Zhu, O. R. Ilkayeva, Y. Li, J. Gooding, P. J. Casey, S. A. Summers, C. B. Newgard, and M. Wang. “Isoprenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase regulates mitochondrial respiration and cancer cell metabolism.” Oncogene 34, no. 25 (June 2015): 3296–3304. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2014.260.
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  - Banerjee, Ranjan, Jun He, Carolyn Spaniel, Megan T. Quintana, Zhongjing Wang, James Bain, Christopher B. Newgard, Michael J. Muehlbauer, and Monte S. Willis. “Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of cardiac Muscle Ring Finger-1 (MuRF1), MuRF2, and MuRF3 in vivo reveals novel and redundant metabolic changes.” Metabolomics : Official Journal of the Metabolomic Society 11, no. 2 (April 2015): 312–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-014-0695-1.
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  - Palmer, Nicholette D., Robert D. Stevens, Peter A. Antinozzi, Andrea Anderson, Richard N. Bergman, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Christopher B. Newgard, and Donald W. Bowden. “Metabolomic profile associated with insulin resistance and conversion to diabetes in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study.” J Clin Endocrinol Metab 100, no. 3 (March 2015): E463–68. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-2357.
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  - Gupte, Anisha A., Dale J. Hamilton, Andrea M. Cordero-Reyes, Keith A. Youker, Zheng Yin, Jerry D. Estep, Robert D. Stevens, et al. “Mechanical unloading promotes myocardial energy recovery in human heart failure.” Circ Cardiovasc Genet 7, no. 3 (June 2014): 266–76. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.113.000404.
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  - Khoo, Chin Meng, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, Zehra Pamuklar, Jiegen Chen, Christopher B. Newgard, and Alfonso Torquati. “Postprandial metabolite profiles reveal differential nutrient handling after bariatric surgery compared with matched caloric restriction.” Ann Surg 259, no. 4 (April 2014): 687–93. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0b013e318296633f.
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  - Jensen, Mette V., Jonathan M. Haldeman, Hengtao Zhang, Danhong Lu, Mark O. Huising, Wylie W. Vale, Hans E. Hohmeier, Paul Rosenberg, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Control of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv2.2 expression by pyruvate-isocitrate cycling regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” J Biol Chem 288, no. 32 (August 9, 2013): 23128–40. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.491654.
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  - Magkos, Faidon, David Bradley, George G. Schweitzer, Brian N. Finck, J Christopher Eagon, Olga Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, and Samuel Klein. “Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding on branched-chain amino acid metabolism.” Diabetes 62, no. 8 (August 2013): 2757–61. https://doi.org/10.2337/db13-0185.
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  - Klett, Eric L., Shufen Chen, Matthew L. Edin, Lei O. Li, Olga Ilkayeva, Darryl C. Zeldin, Christopher B. Newgard, and Rosalind A. Coleman. “Diminished acyl-CoA synthetase isoform 4 activity in INS 832/13 cells reduces cellular epoxyeicosatrienoic acid levels and results in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” J Biol Chem 288, no. 30 (July 26, 2013): 21618–29. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.481077.
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  - Batch, Bryan C., Svati H. Shah, Christopher B. Newgard, Christy B. Turer, Carol Haynes, James R. Bain, Michael Muehlbauer, et al. “Branched chain amino acids are novel biomarkers for discrimination of metabolic wellness.” Metabolism 62, no. 7 (July 2013): 961–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2013.01.007.
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  - Johnson, Erika Segear, Kelly R. Lindblom, Alexander Robeson, Robert D. Stevens, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, Sally Kornbluth, and Joshua L. Andersen. “Metabolomic profiling reveals a role for caspase-2 in lipoapoptosis.” J Biol Chem 288, no. 20 (May 17, 2013): 14463–75. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.437210.
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  - Kurland, Irwin J., Domenico Accili, Charles Burant, Steven M. Fischer, Barbara B. Kahn, Christopher B. Newgard, Suma Ramagiri, et al. “Application of combined omics platforms to accelerate biomedical discovery in diabesity.” Ann N Y Acad Sci 1287 (May 2013): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12116.
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  - Patel, Sanjeet G., Jean W. Hsu, Farook Jahoor, Ivonne Coraza, James R. Bain, Robert D. Stevens, Dinakar Iyer, et al. “Pathogenesis of A⁻β⁺ ketosis-prone diabetes.” Diabetes 62, no. 3 (March 2013): 912–22. https://doi.org/10.2337/db12-0624.
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  - Coppola, Anna, Brett R. Wenner, Olga Ilkayeva, Robert D. Stevens, Mauro Maggioni, Theodore A. Slotkin, Edward D. Levin, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Branched-chain amino acids alter neurobehavioral function in rats.” Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 304, no. 4 (February 15, 2013): E405–13. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00373.2012.
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  - Shimazu, Tadahiro, Matthew D. Hirschey, John Newman, Wenjuan He, Kotaro Shirakawa, Natacha Le Moan, Carrie A. Grueter, et al. “Suppression of oxidative stress by β-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor.” Science 339, no. 6116 (January 11, 2013): 211–14. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1227166.
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  - Gregory, Jesse F., Youngja Park, Yvonne Lamers, Nirmalya Bandyopadhyay, Yueh-Yun Chi, Kichen Lee, Steven Kim, et al. “Metabolomic analysis reveals extended metabolic consequences of marginal vitamin B-6 deficiency in healthy human subjects.” Plos One 8, no. 6 (2013): e63544. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063544.
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  - Kurland, I. J., D. Accili, C. Burant, S. M. Fischer, B. B. Kahn, C. B. Newgard, S. Ramagiri, et al. “Application of combined omics platforms to accelerate biomedical discovery in diabesity.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1287, no. 1 (2013): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12116.
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  - Magkos, F., D. Bradley, G. G. Schweitzer, B. N. Finck, J. C. Eagon, O. Ilkayeva, C. B. Newgard, and S. Klein. “Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding on branched-chain amino acid metabolism.” Diabetes 62, no. 8 (2013): 2757–61. https://doi.org/10.2337/db13-0185.
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  - Chao, Lily C., Kevin Wroblewski, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Robert D. Stevens, James Bain, Gretchen A. Meyer, Simon Schenk, et al. “Skeletal muscle Nur77 expression enhances oxidative metabolism and substrate utilization.” J Lipid Res 53, no. 12 (December 2012): 2610–19. https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M029355.
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  - Zhao, Mei, Yvonne Lamers, Maria A. Ralat, Bonnie S. Coats, Yueh-Yun Chi, Keith E. Muller, James R. Bain, et al. “Marginal vitamin B-6 deficiency decreases plasma (n-3) and (n-6) PUFA concentrations in healthy men and women.” J Nutr 142, no. 10 (October 2012): 1791–97. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.112.163246.
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  - Gaudet, Mia M., Roni T. Falk, Robert D. Stevens, Marc J. Gunter, James R. Bain, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Nancy Potischman, et al. “Analysis of serum metabolic profiles in women with endometrial cancer and controls in a population-based case-control study.” J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97, no. 9 (September 2012): 3216–23. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-1490.
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  - Kim, Dong-Hoon, Maureen A. Sartor, James R. Bain, Darleen Sandoval, Robert D. Stevens, Mario Medvedovic, Christopher B. Newgard, Stephen C. Woods, and Randy J. Seeley. “Rapid and weight-independent improvement of glucose tolerance induced by a peptide designed to elicit apoptosis in adipose tissue endothelium.” Diabetes 61, no. 9 (September 2012): 2299–2310. https://doi.org/10.2337/db11-1579.
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  - Shah, Svati H., William E. Kraus, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Metabolomic profiling for the identification of novel biomarkers and mechanisms related to common cardiovascular diseases: form and function.” Circulation 126, no. 9 (August 28, 2012): 1110–20. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.060368.
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  - Thompson, Dana K., Richard Sloane, James R. Bain, Robert D. Stevens, Christopher B. Newgard, Carl F. Pieper, and Virginia B. Kraus. “Daily Variation of Serum Acylcarnitines and Amino Acids.” Metabolomics 8, no. 4 (August 2012): 556–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-011-0345-9.
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  - Stephens, Samuel B., Jonathan C. Schisler, Hans E. Hohmeier, Jie An, Albert Y. Sun, Geoffrey S. Pitt, and Christopher B. Newgard. “A VGF-derived peptide attenuates development of type 2 diabetes via enhancement of islet β-cell survival and function.” Cell Metab 16, no. 1 (July 3, 2012): 33–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.05.011.
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  - Sinha, Rohit Anthony, Seo-Hee You, Jin Zhou, Mobin M. Siddique, Boon-Huat Bay, Xuguang Zhu, Martin L. Privalsky, et al. “Thyroid hormone stimulates hepatic lipid catabolism via activation of autophagy.” J Clin Invest 122, no. 7 (July 2012): 2428–38. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI60580.
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  - Kimple, Michelle E., Jennifer B. Moss, Harpreet K. Brar, Taylor C. Rosa, Nathan A. Truchan, Renee L. Pasker, Christopher B. Newgard, and Patrick J. Casey. “Deletion of GαZ protein protects against diet-induced glucose intolerance via expansion of β-cell mass.” J Biol Chem 287, no. 24 (June 8, 2012): 20344–55. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.359745.
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  - Farese, Robert V., Rudolf Zechner, Christopher B. Newgard, and Tobias C. Walther. “The problem of establishing relationships between hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin resistance.” Cell Metab 15, no. 5 (May 2, 2012): 570–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.03.004.
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  - Newgard, Christopher B. “Interplay between lipids and branched-chain amino acids in development of insulin resistance.” Cell Metab 15, no. 5 (May 2, 2012): 606–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.024.
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  - York, Brian, Erin L. Reineke, Jørn V. Sagen, Bryan C. Nikolai, Suoling Zhou, Jean-Francois Louet, Atul R. Chopra, et al. “Ablation of steroid receptor coactivator-3 resembles the human CACT metabolic myopathy.” Cell Metab 15, no. 5 (May 2, 2012): 752–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.03.020.
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  - Shah, Svati H., Jie-Lena Sun, Robert D. Stevens, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Karen S. Pieper, Carol Haynes, et al. “Baseline metabolomic profiles predict cardiovascular events in patients at risk for coronary artery disease.” Am Heart J 163, no. 5 (May 2012): 844-850.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2012.02.005.
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  - Shah, Asad A., Damian M. Craig, Jacqueline K. Sebek, Carol Haynes, Robert C. Stevens, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Christopher B. Granger, et al. “Metabolic profiles predict adverse events after coronary artery bypass grafting.” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 143, no. 4 (April 2012): 873–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.070.
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  - Anderson, Kristin A., Fumin Lin, Thomas J. Ribar, Robert D. Stevens, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Christopher B. Newgard, and Anthony R. Means. “Deletion of CaMKK2 from the liver lowers blood glucose and improves whole-body glucose tolerance in the mouse.” Mol Endocrinol 26, no. 2 (February 2012): 281–91. https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2011-1299.
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  - Shah, S. H., D. R. Crosslin, C. S. Haynes, S. Nelson, C. B. Turer, R. D. Stevens, M. J. Muehlbauer, et al. “Branched-chain amino acid levels are associated with improvement in insulin resistance with weight loss.” Diabetologia 55, no. 2 (February 2012): 321–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2356-5.
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  - Huffman, Kim M., Leanne M. Redman, Lawrence R. Landerman, Carl F. Pieper, Robert D. Stevens, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Brett R. Wenner, et al. “Caloric restriction alters the metabolic response to a mixed-meal: results from a randomized, controlled trial.” Plos One 7, no. 4 (2012): e28190. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028190.
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  - Ku, Bon Jeong, Tae Hoon Kim, Jae Hee Lee, Eric D. Buras, Lisa D. White, Robert D. Stevens, Olga R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Mig-6 plays a critical role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis and bile acid synthesis.” Plos One 7, no. 8 (2012): e42915. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042915.
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  - Reineke, Erin L., Brian York, Erin Stashi, Xian Chen, Anna Tsimelzon, Jianming Xu, Christopher B. Newgard, et al. “SRC-2 coactivator deficiency decreases functional reserve in response to pressure overload of mouse heart.” Plos One 7, no. 12 (2012): e53395. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053395.
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  - Sampey, Brante P., Alex J. Freemerman, Jimmy Zhang, Pei-Fen Kuan, Joseph A. Galanko, Thomas M. O’Connell, Olga R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Metabolomic profiling reveals mitochondrial-derived lipid biomarkers that drive obesity-associated inflammation.” Plos One 7, no. 6 (2012): e38812. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038812.
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  - Brunner, Michael P., Svati H. Shah, Damian M. Craig, Robert D. Stevens, Michael J. Muehlbauer, James R. Bain, Christopher B. Newgard, et al. “Effect of heparin administration on metabolomic profiles in samples obtained during cardiac catheterization.” Circ Cardiovasc Genet 4, no. 6 (December 2011): 695–700. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.111.960575.
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  - McNulty, Nathan P., Tanya Yatsunenko, Ansel Hsiao, Jeremiah J. Faith, Brian D. Muegge, Andrew L. Goodman, Bernard Henrissat, et al. “The impact of a consortium of fermented milk strains on the gut microbiome of gnotobiotic mice and monozygotic twins.” Sci Transl Med 3, no. 106 (October 26, 2011): 106ra106. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3002701.
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  - Hirschey, Matthew D., Tadahiro Shimazu, Enxuan Jing, Carrie A. Grueter, Amy M. Collins, Bradley Aouizerat, Alena Stančáková, et al. “SIRT3 deficiency and mitochondrial protein hyperacetylation accelerate the development of the metabolic syndrome.” Mol Cell 44, no. 2 (October 21, 2011): 177–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2011.07.019.
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  - Monetti, Mara, Malin C. Levin, Matthew J. Watt, Brian K. Hubbard, Christopher Newgard, Robert V. Farese, and Andrea L. Hevener. “Hepatic acyl-CoA:diacylglcyerol acyltransferase (DGAT) overexpression, diacylglycerol, and insulin sensitivity.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108, no. 34 (August 23, 2011): E523. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1108505108.
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  - Sampey, Brante P., Amanda M. Vanhoose, Helena M. Winfield, Alex J. Freemerman, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Patrick T. Fueger, Christopher B. Newgard, and Liza Makowski. “Cafeteria diet is a robust model of human metabolic syndrome with liver and adipose inflammation: comparison to high-fat diet.” Obesity (Silver Spring) 19, no. 6 (June 2011): 1109–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2011.18.
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  - Shah, Svati H., Laura P. Svetkey, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Branching out for detection of type 2 diabetes.” Cell Metab 13, no. 5 (May 4, 2011): 491–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2011.04.003.
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  - Lum, Helen, Richard Sloane, Kim M. Huffman, Virginia B. Kraus, Dana K. Thompson, William E. Kraus, James R. Bain, et al. “Plasma acylcarnitines are associated with physical performance in elderly men.” J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci 66, no. 5 (May 2011): 548–53. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glr006.
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  - Laferrère, Blandine, David Reilly, Sara Arias, Nicholas Swerdlow, Prakash Gorroochurn, Baani Bawa, Mousumi Bose, et al. “Differential metabolic impact of gastric bypass surgery versus dietary intervention in obese diabetic subjects despite identical weight loss.” Sci Transl Med 3, no. 80 (April 27, 2011): 80re2. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3002043.
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  - Horn, Sarah R., Michael J. Thomenius, Erika Segear Johnson, Christopher D. Freel, Judy Q. Wu, Jonathan L. Coloff, Chih-Sheng Yang, et al. “Regulation of mitochondrial morphology by APC/CCdh1-mediated control of Drp1 stability.” Mol Biol Cell 22, no. 8 (April 15, 2011): 1207–16. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E10-07-0567.
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  - Lemaire, Katleen, Rodrigo F. Moura, Mikaela Granvik, Mariana Igoillo-Esteve, Hans E. Hohmeier, Nico Hendrickx, Christopher B. Newgard, Etienne Waelkens, Miriam Cnop, and Frans Schuit. “Ubiquitin fold modifier 1 (UFM1) and its target UFBP1 protect pancreatic beta cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis.” Plos One 6, no. 4 (April 6, 2011): e18517. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018517.
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  - Redman, Leanne M., Kim M. Huffman, Lawrence R. Landerman, Carl F. Pieper, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, et al. “Effect of caloric restriction with and without exercise on metabolic intermediates in nonobese men and women.” J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96, no. 2 (February 2011): E312–21. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-1971.
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  - Haqq, Andrea M., Michael J. Muehlbauer, Christopher B. Newgard, Steven Grambow, and Michael Freemark. “The metabolic phenotype of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) in childhood: heightened insulin sensitivity relative to body mass index.” J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96, no. 1 (January 2011): E225–32. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-1733.
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  - Huffman, Kim M., Cris A. Slentz, Lori A. Bateman, Dana Thompson, Michael J. Muehlbauer, James R. Bain, Robert D. Stevens, et al. “Exercise-induced changes in metabolic intermediates, hormones, and inflammatory markers associated with improvements in insulin sensitivity.” Diabetes Care 34, no. 1 (January 2011): 174–76. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-0709.
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  - Louet, Jean-Francois, Atul R. Chopra, Jorn V. Sagen, Jie An, Brian York, Mounia Tannour-Louet, Pradip K. Saha, et al. “The coactivator SRC-1 is an essential coordinator of hepatic glucose production.” Cell Metab 12, no. 6 (December 1, 2010): 606–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2010.11.009.
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  - Newgard, C. B., R. D. Stevens, B. R. Wenner, S. C. Burgess, O. Ilkayeva, M. J. Muehlbauer, A. Dean Sherry, and J. R. Bain. “Comprehensive Metabolic Analysis for Understanding of Disease,” December 1, 2010, 97–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374934-5.00009-X.
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  - Rey, Federico E., Jeremiah J. Faith, James Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, Christopher B. Newgard, and Jeffrey I. Gordon. “Dissecting the in vivo metabolic potential of two human gut acetogens.” J Biol Chem 285, no. 29 (July 16, 2010): 22082–90. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.117713.
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  - Han, Joan C., Michael J. Muehlbauer, Huaxia N. Cui, Christopher B. Newgard, and Andrea M. Haqq. “Lower brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with prader-willi syndrome compared to obese and lean control subjects.” J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95, no. 7 (July 2010): 3532–36. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-0127.
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  - Turer, Aslan T., Craig R. Malloy, Christopher B. Newgard, and Mihai V. Podgoreanu. “Energetics and metabolism in the failing heart: important but poorly understood.” Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 13, no. 4 (July 2010): 458–65. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e32833a55a5.
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  - Odegaard, Matthew L., Jamie W. Joseph, Mette V. Jensen, Danhong Lu, Olga Ilkayeva, Sarah M. Ronnebaum, Thomas C. Becker, and Christopher B. Newgard. “The mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate carrier is part of a metabolic pathway that mediates glucose- and glutamine-stimulated insulin secretion.” J Biol Chem 285, no. 22 (May 28, 2010): 16530–37. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.092593.
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  - Kelly, Patrick, Candice L. Bailey, Patrick T. Fueger, Christopher B. Newgard, Patrick J. Casey, and Michelle E. Kimple. “Rap1 promotes multiple pancreatic islet cell functions and signals through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 to enhance proliferation.” J Biol Chem 285, no. 21 (May 21, 2010): 15777–85. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.069112.
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  - Civitarese, Anthony E., Paul S. MacLean, Stacy Carling, Lyndal Kerr-Bayles, Ryan P. McMillan, Anson Pierce, Thomas C. Becker, et al. “Regulation of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and insulin signaling by the mitochondrial rhomboid protease PARL.” Cell Metab 11, no. 5 (May 5, 2010): 412–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2010.04.004.
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  - Newgard, Christopher B., and Alan D. Attie. “Getting biological about the genetics of diabetes.” Nat Med 16, no. 4 (April 2010): 388–91. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0410-388.
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  - Shah, Svati H., James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, David R. Crosslin, Carol Haynes, Jennifer Dungan, et al. “Association of a peripheral blood metabolic profile with coronary artery disease and risk of subsequent cardiovascular events.” Circ Cardiovasc Genet 3, no. 2 (April 2010): 207–14. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.109.852814.
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  - Tai, E. S., M. L. S. Tan, R. D. Stevens, Y. L. Low, M. J. Muehlbauer, D. L. M. Goh, O. R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Insulin resistance is associated with a metabolic profile of altered protein metabolism in Chinese and Asian-Indian men.” Diabetologia 53, no. 4 (April 2010): 757–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-009-1637-8.
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  - Healy, Jane A., Kent R. Nilsson, Hans E. Hohmeier, Jelena Berglund, Jonathan Davis, Janis Hoffman, Martin Kohler, et al. “Cholinergic augmentation of insulin release requires ankyrin-B.” Sci Signal 3, no. 113 (March 16, 2010): ra19. https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.2000771.
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  - Wang, May-yun, Lijun Chen, Gregory O. Clark, Young Lee, Robert D. Stevens, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Brett R. Wenner, et al. “Leptin therapy in insulin-deficient type I diabetes.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, no. 11 (March 16, 2010): 4813–19. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909422107.
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  - Maynard, Jason C., Trang Pham, Tianli Zheng, Angela Jockheck-Clark, Helen B. Rankin, Christopher B. Newgard, Eric P. Spana, and Christopher V. Nicchitta. “Gp93, the Drosophila GRP94 ortholog, is required for gut epithelial homeostasis and nutrient assimilation-coupled growth control.” Dev Biol 339, no. 2 (March 15, 2010): 295–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.12.023.
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  - Hirschey, Matthew D., Tadahiro Shimazu, Eric Goetzman, Enxuan Jing, Bjoern Schwer, David B. Lombard, Carrie A. Grueter, et al. “SIRT3 regulates mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation by reversible enzyme deacetylation.” Nature 464, no. 7285 (March 4, 2010): 121–25. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08778.
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  - Zhang, W., S. Telemaque, R. A. Augustyniak, P. Anderson, G. D. Thomas, J. An, Z. Wang, C. B. Newgard, and R. G. Victor. “Adenovirus-mediated leptin expression normalises hypertension associated with diet-induced obesity.” J Neuroendocrinol 22, no. 3 (March 2010): 175–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2010.01953.x.
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  - Lavine, J. A., P. W. Raess, D. B. Davis, M. E. Rabaglia, B. K. Presley, M. P. Keller, M. C. Beinfeld, A. S. Kopin, C. B. Newgard, and A. D. Attie. “Overexpression of pre-pro-cholecystokinin stimulates β-cell proliferation in mouse and human islets with retention of islet function (Molecular Endocrinology (2008) 22, (2716-2728)).” Molecular Endocrinology 24, no. 2 (February 1, 2010): 472.
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  - Chao, Lily C., Kevin Wroblewski, Zidong Zhang, Liming Pei, Laurent Vergnes, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Shi Ying Ding, et al. “Insulin resistance and altered systemic glucose metabolism in mice lacking Nur77.” Diabetes 58, no. 12 (December 2009): 2788–96. https://doi.org/10.2337/db09-0763.
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  - Newgard, C. B., R. D. Stevens, B. R. Wenner, S. C. Burgess, O. Ilkayeva, M. J. Muehlbauer, A. D. Sherry, and J. R. Bain. “Comprehensive Metabolic Analysis for Understanding of Disease Mechanisms,” December 1, 2009, 180–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-369420-1.00015-9.
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  - Anderson, Keith R., Ciara A. Torres, Keely Solomon, Thomas C. Becker, Christopher B. Newgard, Christopher V. Wright, James Hagman, and Lori Sussel. “Cooperative transcriptional regulation of the essential pancreatic islet gene NeuroD1 (beta2) by Nkx2.2 and neurogenin 3.” J Biol Chem 284, no. 45 (November 6, 2009): 31236–48. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.048694.
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  - Dong, Bingning, Pradip K. Saha, Wendong Huang, Wenling Chen, Lutfi A. Abu-Elheiga, Salih J. Wakil, Robert D. Stevens, et al. “Activation of nuclear receptor CAR ameliorates diabetes and fatty liver disease.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106, no. 44 (November 3, 2009): 18831–36. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909731106.
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  - Bain, James R., Robert D. Stevens, Brett R. Wenner, Olga Ilkayeva, Deborah M. Muoio, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Metabolomics applied to diabetes research: moving from information to knowledge.” Diabetes 58, no. 11 (November 2009): 2429–43. https://doi.org/10.2337/db09-0580.
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  - Huffman, Kim M., Svati H. Shah, Robert D. Stevens, James R. Bain, Michael Muehlbauer, Cris A. Slentz, Charles J. Tanner, et al. “Relationships between circulating metabolic intermediates and insulin action in overweight to obese, inactive men and women.” Diabetes Care 32, no. 9 (September 2009): 1678–83. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc08-2075.
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  - Grasfeder, Linda L., Stephanie Gaillard, Stephen R. Hammes, Olga Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, Richard B. Hochberg, Mary A. Dwyer, Ching-Yi Chang, and Donald P. McDonnell. “Fasting-induced hepatic production of DHEA is regulated by PGC-1alpha, ERRalpha, and HNF4alpha.” Mol Endocrinol 23, no. 8 (August 2009): 1171–82. https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2009-0024.
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  - Malakauskas, Sandra M., Wissam M. Kourany, Xiao Yin Zhang, Danhong Lu, Robert D. Stevens, Timothy R. Koves, Hans E. Hohmeier, Deborah M. Muoio, Christopher B. Newgard, and Thu H. Le. “Increased insulin sensitivity in mice lacking collectrin, a downstream target of HNF-1alpha.” Mol Endocrinol 23, no. 6 (June 2009): 881–92. https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2008-0274.
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  - Rathmell, Jeffrey C., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Biochemistry. A glucose-to-gene link.” Science 324, no. 5930 (May 22, 2009): 1021–22. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1174665.
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  - Newgard, C. B., J. An, J. R. Bain, M. J. Muehlbauer, R. D. Stevens, L. F. Lien, A. M. Haqq, et al. “A Branched-Chain Amino Acid-Related Metabolic Signature that Differentiates Obese and Lean Humans and Contributes to Insulin Resistance (DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.02.002).” Cell Metabolism 9, no. 6 (May 14, 2009): 565–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2009.05.001.
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  - Turer, Aslan T., Robert D. Stevens, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Johannes van der Westhuizen, Joseph P. Mathew, Debra A. Schwinn, Donald D. Glower, Christopher B. Newgard, and Mihai V. Podgoreanu. “Metabolomic profiling reveals distinct patterns of myocardial substrate use in humans with coronary artery disease or left ventricular dysfunction during surgical ischemia/reperfusion.” Circulation 119, no. 13 (April 7, 2009): 1736–46. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.816116.
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  - Newgard, Christopher B., Jie An, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Robert D. Stevens, Lillian F. Lien, Andrea M. Haqq, et al. “A branched-chain amino acid-related metabolic signature that differentiates obese and lean humans and contributes to insulin resistance.” Cell Metab 9, no. 4 (April 2009): 311–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2009.02.002.
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  - Lamers, Yvonne, Jerry Williamson, Maria Ralat, Eoin P. Quinlivan, Lesa R. Gilbert, Christine Keeling, Robert D. Stevens, et al. “Moderate dietary vitamin B-6 restriction raises plasma glycine and cystathionine concentrations while minimally affecting the rates of glycine turnover and glycine cleavage in healthy men and women.” J Nutr 139, no. 3 (March 2009): 452–60. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.108.099184.
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  - Wardell, Suzanne E., Olga R. Ilkayeva, Heather L. Wieman, Daniel E. Frigo, Jeffrey C. Rathmell, Christopher B. Newgard, and Donald P. McDonnell. “Glucose metabolism as a target of histone deacetylase inhibitors.” Mol Endocrinol 23, no. 3 (March 2009): 388–401. https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2008-0179.
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  - Lien, Lillian F., Andrea M. Haqq, Michelle Arlotto, Cris A. Slentz, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Ross L. McMahon, James Rochon, et al. “The STEDMAN project: biophysical, biochemical and metabolic effects of a behavioral weight loss intervention during weight loss, maintenance, and regain.” Omics 13, no. 1 (February 2009): 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1089/omi.2008.0035.
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  - Moss, Larry G., and Christopher B. Newgard. “The liver--a potential new player in islet regeneration?” Cell Metab 9, no. 1 (January 7, 2009): 5–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2008.12.009.
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  - Shah, Svati H., Elizabeth R. Hauser, James R. Bain, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Carol Haynes, Robert D. Stevens, Brett R. Wenner, et al. “High heritability of metabolomic profiles in families burdened with premature cardiovascular disease.” Mol Syst Biol 5 (2009): 258. https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2009.11.
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  - Shah, Svati H., Neil J. Freedman, Lisheng Zhang, David R. Crosslin, David H. Stone, Carol Haynes, Jessica Johnson, et al. “Neuropeptide Y gene polymorphisms confer risk of early-onset atherosclerosis.” Plos Genet 5, no. 1 (January 2009): e1000318. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000318.
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  - Torres, Tracy P., Reetta L. Catlin, Robert Chan, Yuka Fujimoto, Noriyasu Sasaki, Richard L. Printz, Christopher B. Newgard, and Masakazu Shiota. “Restoration of hepatic glucokinase expression corrects hepatic glucose flux and normalizes plasma glucose in zucker diabetic fatty rats.” Diabetes 58, no. 1 (January 2009): 78–86. https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-1119.
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  - Haqq, Andrea M., Steven C. Grambow, Michael Muehlbauer, Christopher B. Newgard, Laura P. Svetkey, Aaron L. Carrel, Jack A. Yanovski, Jonathan Q. Purnell, and Michael Freemark. “Ghrelin concentrations in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) infants and children: changes during development.” Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 69, no. 6 (December 2008): 911–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03385.x.
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  - Jensen, Mette V., Jamie W. Joseph, Sarah M. Ronnebaum, Shawn C. Burgess, A Dean Sherry, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Metabolic cycling in control of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 295, no. 6 (December 2008): E1287–97. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90604.2008.
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  - Lavine, Jeremy A., Philipp W. Raess, Dawn Belt Davis, Mary E. Rabaglia, Brent K. Presley, Mark P. Keller, Margery C. Beinfeld, Alan S. Kopin, Christopher B. Newgard, and Alan D. Attie. “Overexpression of pre-pro-cholecystokinin stimulates beta-cell proliferation in mouse and human islets with retention of islet function.” Mol Endocrinol 22, no. 12 (December 2008): 2716–28. https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2008-0255.
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  - Chopra, Atul R., Jean-Francois Louet, Pradip Saha, Jie An, Franco Demayo, Jianming Xu, Brian York, et al. “Absence of the SRC-2 coactivator results in a glycogenopathy resembling Von Gierke's disease.” Science 322, no. 5906 (November 28, 2008): 1395–99. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164847.
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  - Ronnebaum, Sarah M., Mette V. Jensen, Hans E. Hohmeier, Shawn C. Burgess, Yun-Ping Zhou, Su Qian, Douglas MacNeil, et al. “Silencing of cytosolic or mitochondrial isoforms of malic enzyme has no effect on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from rodent islets.” J Biol Chem 283, no. 43 (October 24, 2008): 28909–17. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M804665200.
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  - Muoio, Deborah M., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Fatty acid oxidation and insulin action: when less is more.” Diabetes 57, no. 6 (June 2008): 1455–56. https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0281.
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  - Ronnebaum, Sarah M., Jamie W. Joseph, Olga Ilkayeva, Shawn C. Burgess, Danhong Lu, Thomas C. Becker, A Dean Sherry, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Chronic suppression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 in beta-cells impairs insulin secretion via inhibition of glucose rather than lipid metabolism.” J Biol Chem 283, no. 21 (May 23, 2008): 14248–56. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M800119200.
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  - Fueger, Patrick T., Jonathan C. Schisler, Danhong Lu, Daniella A. Babu, Raghavendra G. Mirmira, Christopher B. Newgard, and Hans E. Hohmeier. “Trefoil factor 3 stimulates human and rodent pancreatic islet beta-cell replication with retention of function.” Mol Endocrinol 22, no. 5 (May 2008): 1251–59. https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2007-0500.
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  - Schisler, Jonathan C., Patrick T. Fueger, Daniella A. Babu, Hans E. Hohmeier, Jeffery S. Tessem, Danhong Lu, Thomas C. Becker, et al. “Stimulation of human and rat islet beta-cell proliferation with retention of function by the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx6.1.” Mol Cell Biol 28, no. 10 (May 2008): 3465–76. https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.01791-07.
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  - Ferrara, Christine T., Ping Wang, Elias Chaibub Neto, Robert D. Stevens, James R. Bain, Brett R. Wenner, Olga R. Ilkayeva, et al. “Genetic networks of liver metabolism revealed by integration of metabolic and transcriptional profiling.” Plos Genet 4, no. 3 (March 14, 2008): e1000034. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000034.
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  - Muoio, Deborah M., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Mechanisms of disease:Molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure in type 2 diabetes.” Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9, no. 3 (March 2008): 193–205. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm2327.
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  - Kimple, Michelle E., Jamie W. Joseph, Candice L. Bailey, Patrick T. Fueger, Ian A. Hendry, Christopher B. Newgard, and Patrick J. Casey. “Galphaz negatively regulates insulin secretion and glucose clearance.” J Biol Chem 283, no. 8 (February 22, 2008): 4560–67. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M706481200.
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  - Koves, Timothy R., John R. Ussher, Robert C. Noland, Dorothy Slentz, Merrie Mosedale, Olga Ilkayeva, James Bain, et al. “Mitochondrial overload and incomplete fatty acid oxidation contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance.” Cell Metab 7, no. 1 (January 2008): 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2007.10.013.
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  - Clark, C., and C. B. Newgard. “Hepatic regulation of fuel metabolism,” December 1, 2007, 90–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72204-7_5.
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  - Haqq, Andrea M., Michael Muehlbauer, Laura P. Svetkey, Christopher B. Newgard, Jonathan Q. Purnell, Steven C. Grambow, and Michael S. Freemark. “Altered distribution of adiponectin isoforms in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS): association with insulin sensitivity and circulating satiety peptide hormones.” Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 67, no. 6 (December 2007): 944–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02991.x.
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  - Levin, Malin C., Mara Monetti, Matthew J. Watt, Mini P. Sajan, Robert D. Stevens, James R. Bain, Christopher B. Newgard, and Robert V. Farese. “Increased lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in transgenic mice expressing DGAT2 in glycolytic (type II) muscle.” Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293, no. 6 (December 2007): E1772–81. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00158.2007.
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  - Joseph, Jamie W., Matthew L. Odegaard, Sarah M. Ronnebaum, Shawn C. Burgess, Jeffrey Muehlbauer, A Dean Sherry, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Normal flux through ATP-citrate lyase or fatty acid synthase is not required for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” J Biol Chem 282, no. 43 (October 26, 2007): 31592–600. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M706080200.
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  - Montori-Grau, M., M. Guitart, C. Lerin, A. L. Andreu, C. B. Newgard, C. García-Martínez, and A. M. Gómez-Foix. “Erratum: Expression and glycogenic effect of glycogen-targeting protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit GL in cultured human muscle (Biochemical Journal (2007) 405, (107-113)).” Biochemical Journal 405, no. 3 (August 1, 2007): 625. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj4050625u.
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  - Monetti, Mara, Malin C. Levin, Matthew J. Watt, Mini P. Sajan, Stephen Marmor, Brian K. Hubbard, Robert D. Stevens, et al. “Dissociation of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice overexpressing DGAT in the liver.” Cell Metab 6, no. 1 (July 2007): 69–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.005.
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  - Montori-Grau, Marta, Maria Guitart, Carles Lerin, Antonio L. Andreu, Christopher B. Newgard, Cèlia García-Martínez, and Anna M. Gómez-Foix. “Expression and glycogenic effect of glycogen-targeting protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit GL in cultured human muscle.” Biochem J 405, no. 1 (July 1, 2007): 107–13. https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20061572.
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  - Nagle, Cynthia A., Jie An, Masakazu Shiota, Tracy P. Torres, Gary W. Cline, Zhen-Xiang Liu, Shuli Wang, et al. “Hepatic overexpression of glycerol-sn-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 in rats causes insulin resistance.” J Biol Chem 282, no. 20 (May 18, 2007): 14807–15. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M611550200.
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  - Gleason, Catherine E., Danhong Lu, Lee A. Witters, Christopher B. Newgard, and Morris J. Birnbaum. “The role of AMPK and mTOR in nutrient sensing in pancreatic beta-cells.” J Biol Chem 282, no. 14 (April 6, 2007): 10341–51. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M610631200.
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  - Hardy, Olga T., Hans E. Hohmeier, Thomas C. Becker, Elisabetta Manduchi, Nicolai M. Doliba, Rana K. Gupta, Peter White, et al. “Functional genomics of the beta-cell: short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase regulates insulin secretion independent of K+ currents.” Mol Endocrinol 21, no. 3 (March 2007): 765–73. https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2006-0411.
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  - Pedersen, Kim B., Pili Zhang, Chris Doumen, Marcel Charbonnet, Danhong Lu, Christopher B. Newgard, John W. Haycock, Alex J. Lange, and Donald K. Scott. “The promoter for the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of rat glucose-6-phosphatase contains two distinct glucose-responsive regions.” Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292, no. 3 (March 2007): E788–801. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00510.2006.
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  - Zhang, Yong-Mei, Shigeru Chohnan, Kristopher G. Virga, Robert D. Stevens, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Brett R. Wenner, James R. Bain, et al. “Chemical knockout of pantothenate kinase reveals the metabolic and genetic program responsible for hepatic coenzyme A homeostasis.” Chem Biol 14, no. 3 (March 2007): 291–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.01.013.
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  - Li, Lei O., Douglas G. Mashek, Jie An, Scott D. Doughman, Christopher B. Newgard, and Rosalind A. Coleman. “Overexpression of rat long chain acyl-coa synthetase 1 alters fatty acid metabolism in rat primary hepatocytes.” J Biol Chem 281, no. 48 (December 1, 2006): 37246–55. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M604427200.
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  - Joseph, Jamie W., Mette V. Jensen, Olga Ilkayeva, Ferdinando Palmieri, Cristina Alárcon, Christopher J. Rhodes, and Christopher B. Newgard. “The mitochondrial citrate/isocitrate carrier plays a regulatory role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” J Biol Chem 281, no. 47 (November 24, 2006): 35624–32. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M602606200.
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  - Ronnebaum, Sarah M., Olga Ilkayeva, Shawn C. Burgess, Jamie W. Joseph, Danhong Lu, Robert D. Stevens, Thomas C. Becker, A Dean Sherry, Christopher B. Newgard, and Mette V. Jensen. “A pyruvate cycling pathway involving cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” J Biol Chem 281, no. 41 (October 13, 2006): 30593–602. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M511908200.
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  - Jensen, Mette V., Jamie W. Joseph, Olga Ilkayeva, Shawn Burgess, Danhong Lu, Sarah M. Ronnebaum, Matthew Odegaard, Thomas C. Becker, A Dean Sherry, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Compensatory responses to pyruvate carboxylase suppression in islet beta-cells. Preservation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” J Biol Chem 281, no. 31 (August 4, 2006): 22342–51. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M604350200.
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  - Raum, Jeffrey C., Kevin Gerrish, Isabella Artner, Eva Henderson, Min Guo, Lori Sussel, Jonathan C. Schisler, Christopher B. Newgard, and Roland Stein. “FoxA2, Nkx2.2, and PDX-1 regulate islet beta-cell-specific mafA expression through conserved sequences located between base pairs -8118 and -7750 upstream from the transcription start site.” Mol Cell Biol 26, no. 15 (August 2006): 5735–43. https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00249-06.
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  - Qi, Ling, Jose E. Heredia, Judith Y. Altarejos, Robert Screaton, Naomi Goebel, Sherry Niessen, Ian X. Macleod, et al. “TRB3 links the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 to lipid metabolism.” Science 312, no. 5781 (June 23, 2006): 1763–66. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1123374.
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  - Chen, Shuyuan, Jia-huan Ding, Raffi Bekeredjian, Bing-zhi Yang, Ralph V. Shohet, Stephen A. Johnston, Hans E. Hohmeier, Christopher B. Newgard, and Paul A. Grayburn. “Efficient gene delivery to pancreatic islets with ultrasonic microbubble destruction technology.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103, no. 22 (May 30, 2006): 8469–74. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0602921103.
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  - Collier, J Jason, Patrick T. Fueger, Hans E. Hohmeier, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Pro- and antiapoptotic proteins regulate apoptosis but do not protect against cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity in rat islets and beta-cell lines.” Diabetes 55, no. 5 (May 2006): 1398–1406. https://doi.org/10.2337/db05-1000.
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  - Muoio, Deborah M., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Obesity-related derangements in metabolic regulation.” Annu Rev Biochem 75 (2006): 367–401. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142512.
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  - Haqq, Andrea M., Lillian F. Lien, Jarol Boan, Michelle Arlotto, Cris A. Slentz, Michael J. Muehlbauer, James Rochon, et al. “The Study of the Effects of Diet on Metabolism and Nutrition (STEDMAN) weight loss project: Rationale and design.” Contemp Clin Trials 26, no. 6 (December 2005): 616–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2005.09.003.
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  - Hohmeier, Hans E., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Islets for all?” Nat Biotechnol 23, no. 10 (October 2005): 1231–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1005-1231.
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  - Koves, Timothy R., Ping Li, Jie An, Takayuki Akimoto, Dorothy Slentz, Olga Ilkayeva, G Lynis Dohm, Zhen Yan, Christopher B. Newgard, and Deborah M. Muoio. “Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1alpha-mediated metabolic remodeling of skeletal myocytes mimics exercise training and reverses lipid-induced mitochondrial inefficiency.” J Biol Chem 280, no. 39 (September 30, 2005): 33588–98. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M507621200.
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  - Muoio, Deborah M., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Metabolism: A is for adipokine.” Nature 436, no. 7049 (July 21, 2005): 337–38. https://doi.org/10.1038/436337a.
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  - De, Jitakshi, Ya-Ching Chang, Kausar N. Samli, Jonathan C. Schisler, Christopher B. Newgard, Stephen A. Johnston, and Kathlynn C. Brown. “Isolation of a mycoplasma-specific binding peptide from an unbiased phage-displayed peptide library.” Mol Biosyst 1, no. 2 (July 2005): 149–57. https://doi.org/10.1039/b504572j.
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  - Samli, Kausar N., Michael J. McGuire, Christopher B. Newgard, Stephen Albert Johnston, and Kathlynn C. Brown. “Peptide-mediated targeting of the islets of Langerhans.” Diabetes 54, no. 7 (July 2005): 2103–8. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.54.7.2103.
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  - Schisler, Jonathan C., Per Bo Jensen, David G. Taylor, Thomas C. Becker, Filip Krag Knop, Shiro Takekawa, Michael German, et al. “The Nkx6.1 homeodomain transcription factor suppresses glucagon expression and regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islet beta cells.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, no. 20 (May 17, 2005): 7297–7302. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0502168102.
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  - Iype, Tessy, Joshua Francis, James C. Garmey, Jonathan C. Schisler, Rafael Nesher, Gordon C. Weir, Thomas C. Becker, Christopher B. Newgard, Steven C. Griffen, and Raghavendra G. Mirmira. “Mechanism of insulin gene regulation by the pancreatic transcription factor Pdx-1: application of pre-mRNA analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation to assess formation of functional transcriptional complexes.” J Biol Chem 280, no. 17 (April 29, 2005): 16798–807. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M414381200.
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  - Lin, Jiandie, Ruojing Yang, Paul T. Tarr, Pei-Hsuan Wu, Christoph Handschin, Siming Li, Wenli Yang, et al. “Hyperlipidemic effects of dietary saturated fats mediated through PGC-1beta coactivation of SREBP.” Cell 120, no. 2 (January 28, 2005): 261–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.043.
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  - Hohmeier, Hans E., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Cell lines derived from pancreatic islets.” Mol Cell Endocrinol 228, no. 1–2 (December 30, 2004): 121–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2004.04.017.
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  - Muoio, Deborah M., and Christopher B. Newgard. “Biomedicine. Insulin resistance takes a trip through the ER.” Science 306, no. 5695 (October 15, 2004): 425–26. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1104680.
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  - Bain, James R., Jonathan C. Schisler, Koji Takeuchi, Christopher B. Newgard, and Thomas C. Becker. “An adenovirus vector for efficient RNA interference-mediated suppression of target genes in insulinoma cells and pancreatic islets of langerhans.” Diabetes 53, no. 9 (September 2004): 2190–94. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.53.9.2190.
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  - Boucher, Anne, Danhong Lu, Shawn C. Burgess, Sabine Telemaque-Potts, Mette V. Jensen, Hindrik Mulder, May-Yun Wang, Roger H. Unger, A Dean Sherry, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Biochemical mechanism of lipid-induced impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and reversal with a malate analogue.” J Biol Chem 279, no. 26 (June 25, 2004): 27263–71. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M401167200.
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  - An, Jie, Deborah M. Muoio, Masakazu Shiota, Yuka Fujimoto, Gary W. Cline, Gerald I. Shulman, Timothy R. Koves, Robert Stevens, David Millington, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Hepatic expression of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase reverses muscle, liver and whole-animal insulin resistance.” Nat Med 10, no. 3 (March 2004): 268–74. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm995.
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  - Newgard, Christopher B., Hans E. Hohmeier, Danhong Lu, Mette Valentin Jensen, Veronique V. Tran, Guoxun Chen, Shawn Burgess, and A Dean Sherry. “Understanding of basic mechanisms of beta-cell function and survival: prelude to new diabetes therapies.” Cell Biochem Biophys 40, no. 3 Suppl (2004): 159–68. https://doi.org/10.1385/cbb:40:3:159.
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  - Ramanadham, Sasanka, Haowei Song, Fong-Fu Hsu, Sheng Zhang, Mark Crankshaw, Gregory A. Grant, Christopher B. Newgard, Shunzhong Bao, Zhongmin Ma, and John Turk. “Pancreatic islets and insulinoma cells express a novel isoform of group VIA phospholipase A2 (iPLA2 beta) that participates in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and is not produced by alternate splicing of the iPLA2 beta transcript.” Biochemistry 42, no. 47 (December 2, 2003): 13929–40. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi034843p.
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  - Hohmeier, H. E., V. V. Tran, G. Chen, R. Gasa, and C. B. Newgard. “Inflammatory mechanisms in diabetes: lessons from the beta-cell.” Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27 Suppl 3 (December 2003): S12–16. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802493.
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  - Lerín, Carlos, Eulàlia Montell, Teresa Nolasco, Cathy Clark, Matthew J. Brady, Christopher B. Newgard, and Anna M. Gómez-Foix. “Regulation and function of the muscle glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (GM) in human muscle cells depends on the COOH-terminal region and glycogen content.” Diabetes 52, no. 9 (September 2003): 2221–26. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.52.9.2221.
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  - Lin, Jiandie, Paul T. Tarr, Ruojing Yang, James Rhee, Pere Puigserver, Christopher B. Newgard, and Bruce M. Spiegelman. “PGC-1beta in the regulation of hepatic glucose and energy metabolism.” J Biol Chem 278, no. 33 (August 15, 2003): 30843–48. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M303643200.
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  - St-Pierre, Julie, Jiandie Lin, Stefan Krauss, Paul T. Tarr, Ruojing Yang, Christopher B. Newgard, and Bruce M. Spiegelman. “Bioenergetic analysis of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivators 1alpha and 1beta (PGC-1alpha and PGC-1beta) in muscle cells.” J Biol Chem 278, no. 29 (July 18, 2003): 26597–603. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M301850200.
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  - Yoon, J Cliff, Gang Xu, Jude T. Deeney, Shao-Nian Yang, James Rhee, Pere Puigserver, Adah R. Levens, et al. “Suppression of beta cell energy metabolism and insulin release by PGC-1alpha.” Dev Cell 5, no. 1 (July 2003): 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1534-5807(03)00170-9.
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  - Yang, Ruojing, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Hepatic expression of a targeting subunit of protein phosphatase-1 in streptozotocin-diabetic rats reverses hyperglycemia and hyperphagia despite depressed glucokinase expression.” J Biol Chem 278, no. 26 (June 27, 2003): 23418–25. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M213112200.
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  - Tran, Veronique Vien, Guoxun Chen, Christopher B. Newgard, and Hans E. Hohmeier. “Discrete and complementary mechanisms of protection of beta-cells against cytokine-induced and oxidative damage achieved by bcl-2 overexpression and a cytokine selection strategy.” Diabetes 52, no. 6 (June 2003): 1423–32. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1423.
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  - Newgard, Christopher B., Danhong Lu, Mette Valentin Jensen, Jonathan Schissler, Anne Boucher, Shawn Burgess, and A Dean Sherry. “Stimulus/secretion coupling factors in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion: insights gained from a multidisciplinary approach.” Diabetes 51 Suppl 3 (December 2002): S389–93. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.51.2007.s389.
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  - Newgard, Christopher B. “While tinkering with the beta-cell...metabolic regulatory mechanisms and new therapeutic strategies: American Diabetes Association Lilly Lecture, 2001.” Diabetes 51, no. 11 (November 2002): 3141–50. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.51.11.3141.
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  - Guan, Hong-Ping, Yong Li, Mette Valentin Jensen, Christopher B. Newgard, Claire M. Steppan, and Mitchell A. Lazar. “A futile metabolic cycle activated in adipocytes by antidiabetic agents.” Nat Med 8, no. 10 (October 2002): 1122–28. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm780.
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  - Antinozzi, Peter A., Hisamitsu Ishihara, Christopher B. Newgard, and Claes B. Wollheim. “Mitochondrial metabolism sets the maximal limit of fuel-stimulated insulin secretion in a model pancreatic beta cell: a survey of four fuel secretagogues.” J Biol Chem 277, no. 14 (April 5, 2002): 11746–55. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M108462200.
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  - Lu, Danhong, Hindrik Mulder, Piyu Zhao, Shawn C. Burgess, Mette V. Jensen, Svetlana Kamzolova, Christopher B. Newgard, and A Dean Sherry. “13C NMR isotopomer analysis reveals a connection between pyruvate cycling and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS).” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99, no. 5 (March 5, 2002): 2708–13. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052005699.
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  - Montell, Eulàlia, Carlos Lerín, Christopher B. Newgard, and Anna M. Gómez-Foix. “Effects of modulation of glycerol kinase expression on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in human muscle cells.” J Biol Chem 277, no. 4 (January 25, 2002): 2682–86. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M107227200.
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  - Gasa, Rosa, Catherine Clark, Ruojing Yang, Anna A. DePaoli-Roach, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Reversal of diet-induced glucose intolerance by hepatic expression of a variant glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase-1.” J Biol Chem 277, no. 2 (January 11, 2002): 1524–30. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M107744200.
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  - Yang, Ruojing, Liwei Cao, Rosa Gasa, Matthew J. Brady, A Dean Sherry, and Christopher B. Newgard. “Glycogen-targeting subunits and glucokinase differentially affect pathways of glycogen metabolism and their regulation in hepatocytes.” J Biol Chem 277, no. 2 (January 11, 2002): 1514–23. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M107001200.
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  - Jiménez-Chillarón, Josep C., Sabine Telemaque-Potts, Alícia G. Gómez-Valadés, Paul Anderson, Christopher B. Newgard, and Anna M. Gómez-Foix. “Glucokinase gene transfer to skeletal muscle of diabetic Zucker fatty rats improves insulin-sensitive glucose uptake.” Metabolism 51, no. 1 (January 2002): 121–26. https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2002.29028.
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  - Wu, Chaodong, David A. Okar, Christopher B. Newgard, and Alex J. Lange. “Increasing fructose 2,6-bisphosphate overcomes hepatic insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes.” Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282, no. 1 (January 2002): E38–45. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2002.282.1.E38.
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  - Yoon, J. C., P. Puigserver, G. Chen, J. Donovan, Z. Wu, J. Rhee, G. Adelmant, et al. “Control of hepatic gluconeogenesis through the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1.” Nature 413, no. 6852 (September 13, 2001): 131–38. https://doi.org/10.1038/35093050.
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  - Sonenberg, N., and C. B. Newgard. “Protein synthesis. The perks of balancing glucose.” Science 293, no. 5531 (August 3, 2001): 818–19. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1062937.
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  - An, J., Y. Li, G. van De Werve, and C. B. Newgard. “Overexpression of the P46 (T1) translocase component of the glucose-6-phosphatase complex in hepatocytes impairs glycogen accumulation via hydrolysis of glucose 1-phosphate.” J Biol Chem 276, no. 14 (April 6, 2001): 10722–29. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M009525200.
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  - Mulder, H., D. Lu, J. Finley, J. An, J. Cohen, P. A. Antinozzi, J. D. McGarry, and C. B. Newgard. “Overexpression of a modified human malonyl-CoA decarboxylase blocks the glucose-induced increase in malonyl-CoA level but has no impact on insulin secretion in INS-1-derived (832/13) beta-cells.” J Biol Chem 276, no. 9 (March 2, 2001): 6479–84. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M010364200.
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  - Chen, G., H. E. Hohmeier, and C. B. Newgard. “Expression of the transcription factor STAT-1 alpha in insulinoma cells protects against cytotoxic effects of multiple cytokines.” J Biol Chem 276, no. 1 (January 5, 2001): 766–72. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M008330200.
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  - Wu, C., D. A. Okar, C. B. Newgard, and A. J. Lange. “Overexpression of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase in mouse liver lowers blood glucose by suppressing hepatic glucose production.” J Clin Invest 107, no. 1 (January 2001): 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI11103.
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  - Bandyopadhyay, G., M. P. Sajan, Y. Kanoh, M. L. Standaert, T. R. Burke, M. J. Quon, B. C. Reed, et al. “Glucose activates mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) through proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2 and the Glut1 glucose transporter.” J Biol Chem 275, no. 52 (December 29, 2000): 40817–26. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M007920200.
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  - Lerín, C., E. Montell, H. K. Berman, C. B. Newgard, and A. M. Gómez-Foix. “Overexpression of protein targeting to glycogen in cultured human muscle cells stimulates glycogen synthesis independent of glycogen and glucose 6-phosphate levels.” J Biol Chem 275, no. 51 (December 22, 2000): 39991–95. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M006251200.
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  - Newgard, C. B., M. J. Brady, R. M. O’Doherty, and A. R. Saltiel. “Organizing glucose disposal: emerging roles of the glycogen targeting subunits of protein phosphatase-1.” Diabetes 49, no. 12 (December 2000): 1967–77. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.49.12.1967.
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  - Roduit, R., J. Morin, F. Massé, L. Segall, E. Roche, C. B. Newgard, F. Assimacopoulos-Jeannet, and M. Prentki. “Glucose down-regulates the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha gene in the pancreatic beta -cell.” J Biol Chem 275, no. 46 (November 17, 2000): 35799–806. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M006001200.
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  - Gasa, R., P. B. Jensen, H. K. Berman, M. J. Brady, A. A. DePaoli-Roach, and C. B. Newgard. “Distinctive regulatory and metabolic properties of glycogen-targeting subunits of protein phosphatase-1 (PTG, GL, GM/RGl) expressed in hepatocytes.” J Biol Chem 275, no. 34 (August 25, 2000): 26396–403. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M002427200.
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  - Chen, G., H. E. Hohmeier, R. Gasa, V. V. Tran, and C. B. Newgard. “Selection of insulinoma cell lines with resistance to interleukin-1beta- and gamma-interferon-induced cytotoxicity.” Diabetes 49, no. 4 (April 2000): 562–70. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.49.4.562.
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  - Buettner, R., C. B. Newgard, C. J. Rhodes, and R. M. O’Doherty. “Correction of diet-induced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance by moderate hyperleptinemia.” Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 278, no. 3 (March 2000): E563–69. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.3.E563.
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  - Hohmeier, H. E., H. Mulder, G. Chen, R. Henkel-Rieger, M. Prentki, and C. B. Newgard. “Isolation of INS-1-derived cell lines with robust ATP-sensitive K+ channel-dependent and -independent glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” Diabetes 49, no. 3 (March 2000): 424–30. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.49.3.424.
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  - Werve, G. van de, A. Lange, C. Newgard, M. C. Méchin, Y. Li, and A. Berteloot. “New lessons in the regulation of glucose metabolism taught by the glucose 6-phosphatase system.” European Journal of Biochemistry 267, no. 6 (March 2000): 1533–49. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01160.x.
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  - O’Doherty, R. M., P. B. Jensen, P. Anderson, J. G. Jones, H. K. Berman, D. Kearney, and C. B. Newgard. “Activation of direct and indirect pathways of glycogen synthesis by hepatic overexpression of protein targeting to glycogen.” J Clin Invest 105, no. 4 (February 2000): 479–88. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI8673.
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  - Jiménez-Chillarón, J. C., C. B. Newgard, and A. M. Gómez-Foix. “Increased glucose disposal induced by adenovirus-mediated transfer of glucokinase to skeletal muscle in vivo.” Faseb J 13, no. 15 (December 1999): 2153–60. https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.13.15.2153.
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  - Seoane, J., A. Barberà, S. Télémaque-Potts, C. B. Newgard, and J. J. Guinovart. “Glucokinase overexpression restores glucose utilization and storage in cultured hepatocytes from male Zucker diabetic fatty rats.” J Biol Chem 274, no. 45 (November 5, 1999): 31833–38. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.45.31833.
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  - O’Doherty, R. M., D. L. Lehman, S. Télémaque-Potts, and C. B. Newgard. “Metabolic impact of glucokinase overexpression in liver: lowering of blood glucose in fed rats is accompanied by hyperlipidemia.” Diabetes 48, no. 10 (October 1999): 2022–27. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.48.10.2022.
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  - O’Doherty, R. M., P. R. Anderson, A. Z. Zhao, K. E. Bornfeldt, and C. B. Newgard. “Sparing effect of leptin on liver glycogen stores in rats during the fed-to-fasted transition.” Am J Physiol 277, no. 3 (September 1999): E544–50. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.3.E544.
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  - Aiston, S., K. Y. Trinh, A. J. Lange, C. B. Newgard, and L. Agius. “Glucose-6-phosphatase overexpression lowers glucose 6-phosphate and inhibits glycogen synthesis and glycolysis in hepatocytes without affecting glucokinase translocation. Evidence against feedback inhibition of glucokinase.” J Biol Chem 274, no. 35 (August 27, 1999): 24559–66. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.35.24559.
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  - Gaisano, H. Y., X. Huang, L. Sheu, M. Ghai, C. B. Newgard, K. Y. Trinh, and W. S. Trimble. “Snare protein expression and adenoviral transfection of amphicrine AR42J.” Biochem Biophys Res Commun 260, no. 3 (July 14, 1999): 781–84. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1999.0987.
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  - Seijffers, R., O. Ben-David, Y. Cohen, A. Karasik, M. Berezin, C. B. Newgard, and S. Ferber. “Increase in PDX-1 levels suppresses insulin gene expression in RIN 1046-38 cells.” Endocrinology 140, no. 7 (July 1999): 3311–17. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.140.7.6796.
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  - Gasa, R., K. Y. Trinh, K. Yu, T. M. Wilkie, and C. B. Newgard. “Overexpression of G11alpha and isoforms of phospholipase C in islet beta-cells reveals a lack of correlation between inositol phosphate accumulation and insulin secretion.” Diabetes 48, no. 5 (May 1999): 1035–44. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.48.5.1035.
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  - Wang, M. Y., M. Shimabukuro, Y. Lee, K. Y. Trinh, J. L. Chen, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of uncoupling protein-2 in pancreatic islets of Zucker diabetic rats increases oxidative activity and improves beta-cell function.” Diabetes 48, no. 5 (May 1999): 1020–25. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.48.5.1020.
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  - Zhou, Y. T., Z. W. Wang, M. Higa, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Reversing adipocyte differentiation: implications for treatment of obesity.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96, no. 5 (March 2, 1999): 2391–95. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.5.2391.
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  - Antinozzi, P. A., H. K. Berman, R. M. O’Doherty, and C. B. Newgard. “Metabolic engineering with recombinant adenoviruses.” Annu Rev Nutr 19 (1999): 511–44. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.19.1.511.
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  - Shimabukuro, M., M. Higa, Y. T. Zhou, M. Y. Wang, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Lipoapoptosis in beta-cells of obese prediabetic fa/fa rats. Role of serine palmitoyltransferase overexpression.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 49 (December 4, 1998): 32487–90. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.49.32487.
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  - Trinh, K. Y., R. M. O’Doherty, P. Anderson, A. J. Lange, and C. B. Newgard. “Perturbation of fuel homeostasis caused by overexpression of the glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit in liver of normal rats.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 47 (November 20, 1998): 31615–20. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.47.31615.
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  - Berman, H. K., R. M. O’Doherty, P. Anderson, and C. B. Newgard. “Overexpression of protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) in rat hepatocytes causes profound activation of glycogen synthesis independent of normal hormone- and substrate-mediated regulatory mechanisms.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 41 (October 9, 1998): 26421–25. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.41.26421.
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  - Wang, M. Y., K. Koyama, M. Shimabukuro, D. Mangelsdorf, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Overexpression of leptin receptors in pancreatic islets of Zucker diabetic fatty rats restores GLUT-2, glucokinase, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, no. 20 (September 29, 1998): 11921–26. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.20.11921.
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  - Scott, D. K., R. M. O’Doherty, J. M. Stafford, C. B. Newgard, and D. K. Granner. “The repression of hormone-activated PEPCK gene expression by glucose is insulin-independent but requires glucose metabolism.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 37 (September 11, 1998): 24145–51. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.37.24145.
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  - Baqué, S., E. Montell, J. J. Guinovart, C. B. Newgard, and A. M. Gómez-Foix. “Expression of glucokinase in cultured human muscle cells confers insulin-independent and glucose concentration-dependent increases in glucose disposal and storage.” Diabetes 47, no. 9 (September 1998): 1392–98. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.47.9.1392.
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  - Koyama, K., M. Shimabukuro, G. Chen, M. Y. Wang, Y. Lee, P. S. Kalra, M. G. Dube, S. P. Kalra, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Resistance to adenovirally induced hyperleptinemia in rats. Comparison of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions and mutated leptin receptors.” J Clin Invest 102, no. 4 (August 15, 1998): 728–33. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI3353.
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  - Shimabukuro, M., M. Y. Wang, Y. T. Zhou, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Protection against lipoapoptosis of beta cells through leptin-dependent maintenance of Bcl-2 expression.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, no. 16 (August 4, 1998): 9558–61. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.16.9558.
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  - Zhou, Y. T., M. Shimabukuro, M. Y. Wang, Y. Lee, M. Higa, J. L. Milburn, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in disease of pancreatic beta cells.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, no. 15 (July 21, 1998): 8898–8903. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.15.8898.
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  - Antinozzi, P. A., L. Segall, M. Prentki, J. D. McGarry, and C. B. Newgard. “Molecular or pharmacologic perturbation of the link between glucose and lipid metabolism is without effect on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. A re-evaluation of the long-chain acyl-CoA hypothesis.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 26 (June 26, 1998): 16146–54. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.26.16146.
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  - Hohmeier, H. E., A. Thigpen, V. V. Tran, R. Davis, and C. B. Newgard. “Stable expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in insulinoma cells prevents IL-1beta- induced cytotoxicity and reduces nitric oxide production.” J Clin Invest 101, no. 9 (May 1, 1998): 1811–20. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI1489.
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  - Berman, H. K., and C. B. Newgard. “Fundamental metabolic differences between hepatocytes and islet beta-cells revealed by glucokinase overexpression.” Biochemistry 37, no. 13 (March 31, 1998): 4543–52. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi9726133.
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  - Wang, M. Y., K. Koyama, M. Shimabukuro, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “OB-Rb gene transfer to leptin-resistant islets reverses diabetogenic phenotype.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, no. 2 (January 20, 1998): 714–18. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.2.714.
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  - Seoane, J., K. Trinh, R. M. O’Doherty, A. M. Gómez-Foix, A. J. Lange, C. B. Newgard, and J. J. Guinovart. “Metabolic impact of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of the glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit in hepatocytes.” J Biol Chem 272, no. 43 (October 24, 1997): 26972–77. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.43.26972.
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  - Trinh, K., C. Minassian, A. J. Lange, R. M. O’Doherty, and C. B. Newgard. “Adenovirus-mediated expression of the catalytic subunit of glucose-6-phosphatase in INS-1 cells. Effects on glucose cycling, glucose usage, and insulin secretion.” J Biol Chem 272, no. 40 (October 3, 1997): 24837–42. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.40.24837.
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  - Antinozzi, P. A., J. Ramanathan M., and C. B. Newgard. “Evidence that potentiation of insulin secretion is mediated by free rather than CoA-activated fatty acids.” Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes 105, no. 4 (September 24, 1997).
  - Koyama, K., G. Chen, M. Y. Wang, Y. Lee, M. Shimabukuro, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “beta-cell function in normal rats made chronically hyperleptinemic by adenovirus-leptin gene therapy.” Diabetes 46, no. 8 (August 1997): 1276–80. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.46.8.1276.
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  - Noel, R. J., P. A. Antinozzi, J. D. McGarry, and C. B. Newgard. “Engineering of glycerol-stimulated insulin secretion in islet beta cells. Differential metabolic fates of glucose and glycerol provide insight into mechanisms of stimulus-secretion coupling.” J Biol Chem 272, no. 30 (July 25, 1997): 18621–27. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.30.18621.
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  - Newgard, C. B., S. Clark, H. BeltrandelRio, H. E. Hohmeier, C. Quaade, and K. Normington. “Engineered cell lines for insulin replacement in diabetes: current status and future prospects.” Diabetologia 40 Suppl 2 (July 1997): S42–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250051398.
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  - Zhou, Y. T., M. Shimabukuro, K. Koyama, Y. Lee, M. Y. Wang, F. Trieu, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Induction by leptin of uncoupling protein-2 and enzymes of fatty acid oxidation.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, no. 12 (June 10, 1997): 6386–90. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.12.6386.
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  - Clark, S. A., C. Quaade, H. Constandy, P. Hansen, P. Halban, S. Ferber, C. B. Newgard, and K. Normington. “Novel insulinoma cell lines produced by iterative engineering of GLUT2, glucokinase, and human insulin expression.” Diabetes 46, no. 6 (June 1997): 958–67. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.46.6.958.
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  - Hohmeier, H. E., H. BeltrandelRio, S. A. Clark, R. Henkel-Rieger, K. Normington, and C. B. Newgard. “Regulation of insulin secretion from novel engineered insulinoma cell lines.” Diabetes 46, no. 6 (June 1997): 968–77. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.46.6.968.
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  - Argaud, D., T. L. Kirby, C. B. Newgard, and A. J. Lange. “Stimulation of glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression by glucose and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate.” J Biol Chem 272, no. 19 (May 9, 1997): 12854–61. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.19.12854.
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  - Noel, L. E., and C. B. Newgard. “Structural domains that contribute to substrate specificity in facilitated glucose transporters are distinct from those involved in kinetic function: studies with GLUT-1/GLUT-2 chimeras.” Biochemistry 36, no. 18 (May 6, 1997): 5465–75. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi9630624.
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  - Shimabukuro, M., K. Koyama, G. Chen, M. Y. Wang, F. Trieu, Y. Lee, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Direct antidiabetic effect of leptin through triglyceride depletion of tissues.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, no. 9 (April 29, 1997): 4637–41. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.9.4637.
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  - Newgard, C. B., T. C. Becker, H. K. Berman, and R. M. O’Doherty. “Regulation of overexpressed hexokinases in liver and islet cells.” Biochem Soc Trans 25, no. 1 (February 1997): 118–22. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250118.
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  - Chen, G., K. Koyama, X. Yuan, Y. Lee, Y. T. Zhou, R. O’Doherty, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Disappearance of body fat in normal rats induced by adenovirus-mediated leptin gene therapy.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93, no. 25 (December 10, 1996): 14795–99. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.25.14795.
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  - O’Doherty, R. M., D. L. Lehman, and C. B. Newgard. “Adenoviral-mediated glucokinase overexpression in rat primary hepatocytes increases the efficiency of glycogen accumulation and lactate production at physiologic glucose concentrations.” Faseb Journal 10, no. 3 (December 1, 1996).
  - Schnedl, W. J., H. E. Hohmeier, and C. B. Newgard. “Insulinsezernierende Zellen zur Therapie des Diabetes mellitus.” Naturwissenschaften 83, no. 1 (December 1, 1996): 1–5.
  - Agius, L., M. Peak, C. B. Newgard, A. M. Gomez-Foix, and J. J. Guinovart. “Evidence for a role of glucose-induced translocation of glucokinase in the control of hepatic glycogen synthesis.” J Biol Chem 271, no. 48 (November 29, 1996): 30479–86. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.48.30479.
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  - Seoane, J., A. M. Gómez-Foix, R. M. O’Doherty, C. Gómez-Ara, C. B. Newgard, and J. J. Guinovart. “Glucose 6-phosphate produced by glucokinase, but not hexokinase I, promotes the activation of hepatic glycogen synthase.” J Biol Chem 271, no. 39 (September 27, 1996): 23756–60. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.39.23756.
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  - Wang, M. Y., Y. T. Zhou, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “A novel leptin receptor isoform in rat.” Febs Lett 392, no. 2 (August 26, 1996): 87–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(96)00790-9.
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  - O’Doherty, R. M., D. L. Lehman, J. Seoane, A. M. Gómez-Foix, J. J. Guinovart, and C. B. Newgard. “Differential metabolic effects of adenovirus-mediated glucokinase and hexokinase I overexpression in rat primary hepatocytes.” J Biol Chem 271, no. 34 (August 23, 1996): 20524–30. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.34.20524.
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  - Becker, T. C., R. J. Noel, J. H. Johnson, R. M. Lynch, H. Hirose, Y. Tokuyama, G. I. Bell, and C. B. Newgard. “Differential effects of overexpressed glucokinase and hexokinase I in isolated islets. Evidence for functional segregation of the high and low Km enzymes.” J Biol Chem 271, no. 1 (January 5, 1996): 390–94. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.1.390.
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  - Newgard, C. B. “Regulatory role of glucose transport and phosphorylation in pancreatic islet β-cells.” Diabetes Reviews 4, no. 2 (January 1, 1996): 191–206.
  - Schnedl, W. J., H. E. Hohmeier, and C. B. Newgard. “[Insulin producing cells as therapy in diabetes mellitus].” Naturwissenschaften 83, no. 1 (January 1996): 1–5.
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  - Wang, M. Y., Y. T. Zhou, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Erratum: A novel leptin receptor isoform in rat (FEBS Letters 392 (1996) (87-90)) (PII S0014579396007909).” Febs Letters 398, no. 2–3 (January 1, 1996).
  - Argaud, D., A. J. Lange, T. C. Becker, D. A. Okar, M. R. el-Maghrabi, C. B. Newgard, and S. J. Pilkis. “Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of liver 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase in gluconeogenic rat hepatoma cells. Paradoxical effect on Fru-2,6-P2 levels.” J Biol Chem 270, no. 41 (October 13, 1995): 24229–36. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.270.41.24229.
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  - Milburn, J. L., H. Hirose, Y. H. Lee, Y. Nagasawa, A. Ogawa, M. Ohneda, H. BeltrandelRio, C. B. Newgard, J. H. Johnson, and R. H. Unger. “Pancreatic beta-cells in obesity. Evidence for induction of functional, morphologic, and metabolic abnormalities by increased long chain fatty acids.” J Biol Chem 270, no. 3 (January 20, 1995): 1295–99. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.270.3.1295.
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  - Newgard, C. B., and J. D. McGarry. “Metabolic coupling factors in pancreatic beta-cell signal transduction.” Annu Rev Biochem 64 (1995): 689–719. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.64.070195.003353.
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  - Baqué, S., C. B. Newgard, R. D. Gerard, J. J. Guinovart, and A. M. Gómez-Foix. “Adenovirus-mediated delivery into myocytes of muscle glycogen phosphorylase, the enzyme deficient in patients with glycogen-storage disease type V.” Biochem J 304 ( Pt 3) (December 15, 1994): 1009–14. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3041009.
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  - Cassidy, L. E., and C. B. Newgard. “Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cell lines.” Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolism Clinical and Experimental 7, no. 4 (December 1, 1994): 189–95.
  - Schnedl, W. J., S. Ferber, J. H. Johnson, and C. B. Newgard. “STZ transport and cytotoxicity. Specific enhancement in GLUT2-expressing cells.” Diabetes 43, no. 11 (November 1994): 1326–33. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.43.11.1326.
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  - Becker, T. C., H. BeltrandelRio, R. J. Noel, J. H. Johnson, and C. B. Newgard. “Overexpression of hexokinase I in isolated islets of Langerhans via recombinant adenovirus. Enhancement of glucose metabolism and insulin secretion at basal but not stimulatory glucose levels.” J Biol Chem 269, no. 33 (August 19, 1994): 21234–38.
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  - Ferber, S., H. BeltrandelRio, J. H. Johnson, R. J. Noel, L. E. Cassidy, S. Clark, T. C. Becker, S. D. Hughes, and C. B. Newgard. “GLUT-2 gene transfer into insulinoma cells confers both low and high affinity glucose-stimulated insulin release. Relationship to glucokinase activity.” J Biol Chem 269, no. 15 (April 15, 1994): 11523–29.
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  - Ferber, S., W. J. Schnedl, H. BeltrandelRio, J. C. Irminger, P. Halban, and C. B. Newgard. “Molecular strategies for the treatment of diabetes.” Transplant Proc 26, no. 2 (April 1994): 363–65.
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  - Newgard, C. B. “Cellular engineering and gene therapy strategies for insulin replacement in diabetes.” Diabetes 43, no. 3 (March 1994): 341–50. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.43.3.341.
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  - Becker, T. C., R. J. Noel, W. S. Coats, A. M. Gómez-Foix, T. Alam, R. D. Gerard, and C. B. Newgard. “Use of recombinant adenovirus for metabolic engineering of mammalian cells.” Methods Cell Biol 43 Pt A (1994): 161–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0091-679x(08)60603-2.
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  - Newgard, C. B., S. D. Hughes, C. Quaade, H. Beltrandelrio, A. M. Gomez-Foix, and S. Ferber. “Molecular engineering of the pancreatic beta-cell.” J Lab Clin Med 122, no. 4 (October 1993): 356–63.
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  - Hughes, S. D., C. Quaade, J. H. Johnson, S. Ferber, and C. B. Newgard. “Transfection of AtT-20ins cells with GLUT-2 but not GLUT-1 confers glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Relationship to glucose metabolism.” J Biol Chem 268, no. 20 (July 15, 1993): 15205–12.
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  - Inman, L. R., C. T. McAllister, L. Chen, S. Hughes, C. B. Newgard, J. R. Kettman, R. H. Unger, and J. H. Johnson. “Autoantibodies to the GLUT-2 glucose transporter of beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of recent onset.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90, no. 4 (February 15, 1993): 1281–84. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.4.1281.
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  - Gómez-Foix, A. M., W. S. Coats, S. Baqué, T. Alam, R. D. Gerard, and C. B. Newgard. “Adenovirus-mediated transfer of the muscle glycogen phosphorylase gene into hepatocytes confers altered regulation of glycogen metabolism.” J Biol Chem 267, no. 35 (December 15, 1992): 25129–34.
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  - Newgard, C. B. “Cellular engineering for the treatment of metabolic disorders: prospects for therapy in diabetes.” Biotechnology (N Y) 10, no. 10 (October 1992): 1112–20. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1092-1112.
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  - Hughes, S. D., J. H. Johnson, C. Quaade, and C. B. Newgard. “Engineering of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and biosynthesis in non-islet cells.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89, no. 2 (January 15, 1992): 688–92. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.2.688.
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  - Chen, L., M. C. Appel, T. Alam, C. Miyaura, A. Sestak, J. O’Neil, R. H. Unger, and C. B. Newgard. “Factors regulating islet regeneration in the post-insulinoma NEDH rat.” Adv Exp Med Biol 321 (1992): 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3448-8_9.
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  - Newgard, C. B., B. Norkiewicz, S. D. Hughes, R. A. Frenkel, W. S. Coats, F. Martiniuk, and J. M. Johnston. “Developmental expression of glycogenolytic enzymes in rabbit tissues: possible relationship to fetal lung maturation.” Biochim Biophys Acta 1090, no. 3 (November 11, 1991): 333–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4781(91)90198-u.
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  - Coats, W. S., M. F. Browner, R. J. Fletterick, and C. B. Newgard. “An engineered liver glycogen phosphorylase with AMP allosteric activation.” J Biol Chem 266, no. 24 (August 25, 1991): 16113–19.
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  - Quaade, C., S. D. Hughes, W. S. Coats, A. L. Sestak, P. B. Iynedjian, and C. B. Newgard. “Analysis of the protein products encoded by variant glucokinase transcripts via expression in bacteria.” Febs Lett 280, no. 1 (March 11, 1991): 47–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(91)80201-d.
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  - Hughes, S. D., C. Quaade, J. L. Milburn, L. Cassidy, and C. B. Newgard. “Expression of normal and novel glucokinase mRNAs in anterior pituitary and islet cells.” J Biol Chem 266, no. 7 (March 5, 1991): 4521–30.
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  - Miyaura, C., L. Chen, M. Appel, T. Alam, L. Inman, S. D. Hughes, J. L. Milburn, R. H. Unger, and C. B. Newgard. “Expression of reg/PSP, a pancreatic exocrine gene: relationship to changes in islet beta-cell mass.” Mol Endocrinol 5, no. 2 (February 1991): 226–34. https://doi.org/10.1210/mend-5-2-226.
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  - Orci, L., M. Ravazzola, D. Baetens, L. Inman, M. Amherdt, R. G. Peterson, C. B. Newgard, J. H. Johnson, and R. H. Unger. “Evidence that down-regulation of beta-cell glucose transporters in non-insulin-dependent diabetes may be the cause of diabetic hyperglycemia.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87, no. 24 (December 1990): 9953–57. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.24.9953.
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  - Johnson, J. H., A. Ogawa, L. Chen, L. Orci, C. B. Newgard, T. Alam, and R. H. Unger. “Underexpression of beta cell high Km glucose transporters in noninsulin-dependent diabetes.” Science 250, no. 4980 (October 26, 1990): 546–49. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2237405.
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  - Newgard, C. B., C. Quaade, S. D. Hughes, and J. L. Milburn. “Glucokinase and glucose transporter expression in liver and islets: implications for control of glucose homoeostasis.” Biochem Soc Trans 18, no. 5 (October 1990): 851–53. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180851.
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  - Chen, L., T. Alam, J. H. Johnson, S. Hughes, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger. “Regulation of beta-cell glucose transporter gene expression.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87, no. 11 (June 1990): 4088–92. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.11.4088.
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  - Johnson, J. H., C. B. Newgard, J. L. Milburn, H. F. Lodish, and B. Thorens. “The high Km glucose transporter of islets of Langerhans is functionally similar to the low affinity transporter of liver and has an identical primary sequence.” J Biol Chem 265, no. 12 (April 25, 1990): 6548–51.
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  - Johnson, J. H., A. Ogawa, L. Chen, T. Alam, R. H. Unger, L. Orci, and C. B. Newgard. “Erratum: Underexpression of β cell high K(m) glucose transporters in noninsulin-dependent diabetes (Science (26 Oct. 1990) (546)).” Science 250, no. 4985 (January 1, 1990): 1195. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.250.4985.1195-b.
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  - Iynedjian, P. B., P. R. Pilot, T. Nouspikel, J. L. Milburn, C. Quaade, S. Hughes, C. Ucla, and C. B. Newgard. “Differential expression and regulation of the glucokinase gene in liver and islets of Langerhans.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86, no. 20 (October 1989): 7838–42. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.20.7838.
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  - Leffert, J. D., C. B. Newgard, H. Okamoto, J. L. Milburn, and K. L. Luskey. “Rat amylin: cloning and tissue-specific expression in pancreatic islets.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86, no. 9 (May 1989): 3127–30. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.9.3127.
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  - Newgard, C. B., P. K. Hwang, and R. J. Fletterick. “The family of glycogen phosphorylases: structure and function.” Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 24, no. 1 (1989): 69–99. https://doi.org/10.3109/10409238909082552.
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  - Newgard, C. B., D. R. Littman, C. van Genderen, M. Smith, and R. J. Fletterick. “Human brain glycogen phosphorylase. Cloning, sequence analysis, chromosomal mapping, tissue expression, and comparison with the human liver and muscle isozymes.” J Biol Chem 263, no. 8 (March 15, 1988): 3850–57.
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  - Newgard, C. B., R. J. Fletterick, L. A. Anderson, and R. V. Lebo. “The polymorphic locus for glycogen storage disease VI (liver glycogen phosphorylase) maps to chromosome 14.” Am J Hum Genet 40, no. 4 (April 1987): 351–64.
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  - McGarry, J. D., M. Kuwajima, C. B. Newgard, D. W. Foster, and J. Katz. “From dietary glucose to liver glycogen: the full circle round.” Annu Rev Nutr 7 (1987): 51–73. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nu.07.070187.000411.
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  - Rath, V. L., C. B. Newgard, S. R. Sprang, E. J. Goldsmith, and R. J. Fletterick. “Modeling the biochemical differences between rabbit muscle and human liver phosphorylase.” Proteins 2, no. 3 (1987): 225–35. https://doi.org/10.1002/prot.340020307.
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  - Newgard, C. B., K. Nakano, P. K. Hwang, and R. J. Fletterick. “Sequence analysis of the cDNA encoding human liver glycogen phosphorylase reveals tissue-specific codon usage.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83, no. 21 (November 1986): 8132–36. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.83.21.8132.
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  - Kuwajima, M., C. B. Newgard, D. W. Foster, and J. D. McGarry. “The glucose-phosphorylating capacity of liver as measured by three independent assays. Implications for the mechanism of hepatic glycogen synthesis.” J Biol Chem 261, no. 19 (July 5, 1986): 8849–53.
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  - Fletterick, R. J., J. A. Burke, P. K. Hwang, K. Nakano, and C. B. Newgard. “Structural relationships in glycogen phosphorylases.” Ann N Y Acad Sci 478 (1986): 220–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb15533.x.
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  - NEWGARD, C. B., K. NAKANO, P. K. HWANG, and R. J. FLETTERICK. “Structure of Mammalian Isozymes of Glycogen Phosphorylase: Implications for Function.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 478, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 298–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb15547.x.
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  - Newgard, C., F. Gorin, and R. Fletterick. “Structure of yeast and mammalian isozymes of glycogen phosphorylase deduced by molecular cloning.” Federation Proceedings 44, no. 4 (January 1, 1985): 3802.
  - Kuwajima, M., C. B. Newgard, D. W. Foster, and J. D. McGarry. “Time course and significance of changes in hepatic fructose-2,6-bisphosphate levels during refeeding of fasted rats.” J Clin Invest 74, no. 3 (September 1984): 1108–11. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI111479.
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  - Newgard, C. B., S. V. Moore, D. W. Foster, and J. D. McGarry. “Efficient hepatic glycogen synthesis in refeeding rats requires continued carbon flow through the gluconeogenic pathway.” J Biol Chem 259, no. 11 (June 10, 1984): 6958–63.
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  - Newgard, C. B., D. W. Foster, and J. D. McGarry. “Evidence for suppression of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase with carbohydrate feeding.” Diabetes 33, no. 2 (February 1984): 192–95. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.33.2.192.
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  - Newgard, C. B., L. J. Hirsch, D. W. Foster, and J. D. McGarry. “Studies on the mechanism by which exogenous glucose is converted into liver glycogen in the rat. A direct or an indirect pathway?” J Biol Chem 258, no. 13 (July 10, 1983): 8046–52.
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  - Berelowitz, M., D. LeRoith, H. von Schenk, C. Newgard, M. Szabo, L. A. Frohman, J. Shiloach, and J. Roth. “Somatostatin-like immunoactivity and biological activity is present in Tetrahymena pyriformis, a ciliated protozoan.” Endocrinology 110, no. 6 (June 1982): 1939–44. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-110-6-1939.
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  - Newgard, C. B., and J. J. Holst. “Heterogeneity of somatostatin like immunoreactivity (SLI) in extracts of porcine, canine and human pancreas.” Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 98, no. 4 (December 1981): 564–72. https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.0980564.
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- Book Sections
  - Balikcioglu, P. G., and C. B. Newgard. “Metabolomic signatures and metabolic complications in childhood obesity.” In Contemporary Endocrinology, 343–61, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68192-4_21.
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