Pedro E Santiago
Associate Professor of Surgery
Orthodontics (braces) for Children, Adolescents and Adults
Metal and Clear Braces. Invisalign
Craniofacial Orthodontics
Metal and Clear Braces. Invisalign
Craniofacial Orthodontics
Office Hours
Durham: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. 9:00 am - 5:00 pm
Roxboro: Tuesdays and Thursdays. 9:00 am- 5:00 pm
Roxboro: Tuesdays and Thursdays. 9:00 am- 5:00 pm
Current Appointments & Affiliations
- Associate Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Surgery 2021
Contact Information
- 3475 Erwin Road, Craniofacial Orthodontics/Aesthetic Cent, Durham, NC 27705
- 3475 Erwin Road, Craniofacial Orthodontics/Aesthetic Cent, Durham, NC 27705
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pedro.santiago@duke.edu
(919) 660-0320
- Background
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Education, Training, & Certifications
- D.M.D., University of Puerto Rico 1989
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Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Associate Consulting Professor in the Department of Surgery, Surgery, Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Surgery 2009 - 2021
- Expertise
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Global Scholarship
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Teaching
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- Publications & Artistic Works
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Selected Publications
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Academic Articles
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Dunworth, Kristina, Denisse Porras Fimbres, Rose Trotta, Andrew Hollins, Ronnie Shammas, Alexander C. Allori, and Pedro E. Santiago. “Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of the Evidence Base for Nasoalveolar Molding (NAM).” Cleft Palate Craniofac J, November 4, 2022, 10556656221136324. https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656221136325.Full Text Link to Item
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Kantar, Rami S., Elçin Esenlik, Omar S. Al Abyad, Antonio Melhem, Robert A. Younan, Mario Haddad, Kristen Keith, et al. “The First Hybrid International Educational Comprehensive Cleft Care Workshop.” Cleft Palate Craniofac J, May 9, 2022, 10556656221097820. https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656221097820.Full Text Link to Item
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Ganske, Ingrid M., Karl Sanchez, Elliot Le, Olivia C. Langa, Banafsheh Sharif-Askary, Elizabeth Ross, Pedro Santiago, John G. Meara, Bonnie L. Padwa, and Alexander C. Allori. “Time-Driven, Activity-Based Costing of Presurgical Infant Orthopedics: A Critical Component of Establishing Value of Latham Appliance and Nasoalveolar Molding.” Plast Reconstr Surg 147, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 444–54. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000007669.Full Text Link to Item
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Kantar, Rami S., Corstiaan C. Breugem, Kristen Keith, Serena Kassam, Charanya Vijayakumar, Mikaela Bow, Allyson R. Alfonso, et al. “Simulation-Based Comprehensive Cleft Care Workshops: A Reproducible Model for Sustainable Education.” Cleft Palate Craniofac J 57, no. 10 (October 2020): 1238–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/1055665620944781.Full Text Link to Item
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Esenlik, Elçin, Travis Gibson, Serena Kassam, Yuki Sato, Judah Garfinkle, Alvaro A. Figueroa, Fawzi AlQatami, et al. “NAM Therapy-Evidence-Based Results.” Cleft Palate Craniofac J 57, no. 4 (April 2020): 529–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1055665619899752.Full Text Link to Item
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Marcus, Jeffrey R., Alexander C. Allori, and Pedro E. Santiago. “Principles of Cleft Lip Repair: Conventions, Commonalities, and Controversies.” Plast Reconstr Surg 139, no. 3 (March 2017): 764e-780e. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000003148.Full Text Link to Item
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Allori, Alexander C., Janet D. Cragan, Gina C. Della Porta, John B. Mulliken, John G. Meara, Richard Bruun, Stephen Shusterman, et al. “Clinician's Primer to ICD-10-CM Coding for Cleft Lip/Palate Care.” Cleft Palate Craniofac J 54, no. 1 (January 2017): e7–13. https://doi.org/10.1597/15-219.Full Text Link to Item
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Santiago, Pedro E., Lindsay A. Schuster, and Daniel Levy-Bercowski. “Management of the alveolar cleft.” Clin Plast Surg 41, no. 2 (April 2014): 219–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cps.2014.01.001.Full Text Link to Item
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Santiago, P. E., G. D. Singh, M. A. Yáñez, R. A. Dietrich, P. García, B. H. Grayson, and J. G. McCarthy. “Restitution of the temporomandibular joint in patients with craniofacial microsomia after multiplanar mandibular distraction: Assessment by magnetic resonance imaging.” Seminars in Orthodontics 17, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 186–96. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sodo.2011.02.003.Full Text
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Santiago, P. E., and B. H. Grayson. “Introduction.” Seminars in Orthodontics 17, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 181–82. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sodo.2011.02.001.Full Text
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Santiago, P. E., and B. H. Grayson. “Role of the Craniofacial Orthodontist on the Craniofacial and Cleft Lip and Palate Team.” Seminars in Orthodontics 15, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 225–43. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sodo.2009.07.004.Full Text
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Santiago, P. E., and B. H. Grayson. “Introduction.” Seminars in Orthodontics 15, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 219–20. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sodo.2009.07.005.Full Text
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Levy-Bercowski, Daniel, Amara Abreu, Eladio DeLeon, Stephen Looney, John Stockstill, Michael Weiler, and Pedro E. Santiago. “Complications and solutions in presurgical nasoalveolar molding therapy.” Cleft Palate Craniofac J 46, no. 5 (September 2009): 521–28. https://doi.org/10.1597/07-236.1.Full Text Link to Item
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Singh, G. D., D. Levy-Bercowski, M. A. Yáñez, and P. E. Santiago. “Three-dimensional facial morphology following surgical repair of unilateral cleft lip and palate in patients after nasoalveolar molding.” Orthod Craniofac Res 10, no. 3 (August 2007): 161–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2007.00390.x.Full Text Link to Item
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Singh, G Dave, Daniel Levy-Bercowski, and Pedro E. Santiago. “Three-dimensional nasal changes following nasoalveolar molding in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate: geometric morphometrics.” Cleft Palate Craniofac J 42, no. 4 (July 2005): 403–9. https://doi.org/10.1597/04-063.1.Full Text Link to Item
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Santiago, Pedro E., Barry H. Grayson, Mark Degen, Lawrence E. Brecht, G Dave Singh, and Joseph G. McCarthy. “The effect of an early Le Fort III surgery on permanent molar eruption.” Plast Reconstr Surg 115, no. 2 (February 2005): 423–27. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000149534.12701.11.Full Text Link to Item
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Grayson, B. H., P. E. Santiago, L. E. Brecht, and C. B. Cutting. “Presurgical nasoalveolar molding in infants with cleft lip and palate.” Cleft Palate Craniofac J 36, no. 6 (November 1999): 486–98. https://doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1999_036_0486_pnmiiw_2.3.co_2.Full Text Link to Item
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Grayson, B. H., and P. E. Santiago. “Treatment planning and vector analysis of mandibular distraction osteogenesis.” Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 7, no. 1 (March 1999): 1–13.Link to Item
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Grayson, B. H., and P. E. Santiago. “Treatment planning and biomechanics of distraction osteogenesis from an orthodontic perspective.” Semin Orthod 5, no. 1 (March 1999): 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1073-8746(99)80038-3.Full Text Link to Item
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Grayson, B. H., and P. E. Santiago. “Treatment planning and biomechanics of distraction osteogenesis from an orthodontic perspective.” Semin Orthod 5, no. 1 (March 1999): 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1073-8746(99)80038-3.Full Text Link to Item
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Cutting, C., B. Grayson, L. Brecht, P. Santiago, R. Wood, and S. Kwon. “Presurgical columellar elongation and primary retrograde nasal reconstruction in one-stage bilateral cleft lip and nose repair.” Plast Reconstr Surg 101, no. 3 (March 1998): 630–39. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199803000-00009.Full Text Link to Item
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Santiago, P. E., B. H. Grayson, C. B. Cutting, M. P. Gianoutsos, L. E. Brecht, and S. M. Kwon. “Reduced need for alveolar bone grafting by presurgical orthopedics and primary gingivoperiosteoplasty.” Cleft Palate Craniofac J 35, no. 1 (January 1998): 77–80. https://doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0077_rnfabg_2.3.co_2.Full Text Link to Item
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Grayson, B. H., S. McCormick, P. E. Santiago, and J. G. McCarthy. “Vector of device placement and trajectory of mandibular distraction.” J Craniofac Surg 8, no. 6 (November 1997): 473–80. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001665-199711000-00009.Full Text Link to Item
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Miranda, H. F., W. W. Wolstenholme, G. A. Moreu, P. E. Santiago, N. Cuevas, and D. Bustamante. “Alterations in cholinergic mechanism induced by denervation of rat vas-deferens.” Neuroscience Research Communications 8, no. 2 (1991): 67–76.
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Miranda, Hugo F., Wayne W. Wolstenholme, Gil M. Moreu, and Pedro A. Santiago. “Effects of haloperidol on neurotransmitter activity in the rat vas deferens.” General Pharmacology: The Vascular System 19, no. 1 (1988): 123–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-3623(88)90017-1.Full Text
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Miranda, H. F., Gil M. Moreu, P. A. Santiago, and W. W. Wolstenholme. “Castration and tolerance induces changes in the levels of the activity of acetylcholinesterase in the isolated vas deferens of the rat.” Neuropharmacology 26, no. 10 (October 1987): 1529–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3908(87)90175-4.Full Text
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Miranda, H. F., W. W. Wolstenholme, G. M. Moreu, and P. A. Santiago. “Ontogenesis of autonomic receptors and AChE activity in the rat vas deferens.” General Pharmacology: The Vascular System 18, no. 4 (January 1987): 425–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-3623(87)90102-9.Full Text
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Conference Papers
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Grayson, B. H., and P. E. Santiago. “Distraction osteogenesis [introduction].” In Semin Orthod, 5:1–73, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1073-8746(99)80036-x.Full Text Link to Item
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