Scholars@Duke
Robert Medairos

Robert Medairos

Assistant Professor of Urology
Urology
robert.medairos@duke.edu
DUMC 3707, Durham, NC 27710
40 Duke Medicine Circle, Box 3707, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

A Prospective, Randomized, Noninferiority Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Steerable Ureteroscopic Renal Evacuation Compared with Standard Ureteroscopy: 30-Day Results of the ASPIRE Study.

Journal Article J Endourol · January 2025 Purpose: We report the first multicenter, prospective, randomized noninferiority controlled trial of steerable ureteroscopic renal evacuation (SURE) for nephrolithiasis treatment. Materials and Methods: Candidates for laser lithotripsy ≥18 years with ≥1 re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Work absence and productivity loss of patients undergoing a trial of spontaneous passage for ureteral stones.

Journal Article Urolithiasis · August 2024 Patients with ureteral stones are often managed with a spontaneous trial of passage. While cost effective, the current literature has not examined the effects of a trial of passage on patients' work productivity. In this study, we aim to characterize work ... Full text Cite

The Impact of Single-Use Cystoscopes on Clinical Time Workflow in an Outpatient Setting.

Journal Article Urology · June 2024 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the change in overall clinical encounter time and clinical capacity after transitioning to single-use cystoscopes (Ambu A/S, Ballerup, Denmark) in an outpatient urology setting. METHODS: A single-institution prospective study in an o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploring optimal settings for safe and effective thulium fibre laser lithotripsy in a kidney model.

Journal Article BJU Int · February 2024 OBJECTIVES: To explore the optimal laser settings and treatment strategies for thulium fibre laser (TFL) lithotripsy, namely, those with the highest treatment efficiency, lowest thermal injury risk, and shortest procedure time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An in ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Use of Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Children With Nephrolithiasis: An Analysis From 2 Tertiary Pediatric Centers.

Journal Article Urol Pract · January 2024 INTRODUCTION: Although ultrasound (US) is the preferred first-line imaging for pediatric nephrolithiasis, CT may be necessary in cases of a nondiagnostic US or when US in not available. Utilization of dose reduction strategies in children undergoing CT for ... Full text Link to item Cite

In vitro investigation of stone ablation efficiency, char formation, spark generation, and damage mechanism produced by thulium fiber laser.

Journal Article Urolithiasis · November 2, 2023 To investigate stone ablation characteristics of thulium fiber laser (TFL), BegoStone phantoms were spot-treated in water at various fiber tip-to-stone standoff distances (SDs, 0.5 ~ 2 mm) over a broad range of pulse energy (Ep, 0.2 ~ 2 J), frequency (F, 5 ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

In Pursuit of the Optimal Dusting Settings with the Thulium Fiber Laser: An In Vitro Assessment.

Journal Article J Endourol · August 2023 Objective: Low energy and high frequency settings are used in stone dusting for holmium lasers. Such settings may not be optimal for thulium fiber laser (TFL). With the seemingly endless combination of settings, we aim to provide guidance to the practicing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of Acetazolamide on Perioperative Pain Control in Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy.

Journal Article Urology · February 2023 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of peri-operative acetazolamide for pain control in robotic assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP). Prior studies have demonstrated that preoperative acetazolamide decreased postoperative referred pain in the postsur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic Disparities and Risk Factors in Patients Presenting With Ischemic Priapism: A Multi-Institutional Study.

Journal Article Urology · May 2022 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate contemporary clinical presentations of priapism, their association with socioeconomic characteristics, and the role of prescribing providers in priapism episodes in a large cohort of patients managed at 3 major academic health syste ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for subsequent stone events in pediatric nephrolithiasis: A multi-institutional analysis.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · February 2022 INTRODUCTION: Children with nephrolithiasis have a 50% risk of recurrence 3 years following an index urinary stone event. The American Urological Association guidelines for medical management of nephrolithiasis suggest metabolic evaluations be stratified a ... Full text Link to item Cite

An Introduction to Cystoscopy for OB/GYN Residents.

Journal Article MedEdPORTAL · 2022 INTRODUCTION: OB/GYN residents' preparedness to perform cystoscopy after residency may vary as the ACGME requires only 10 cystoscopic cases to be performed during training. Given residents' potentially limited exposure to cystoscopy, supplemental education ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors Associated With Abnormal Initial 24-Hour Urine Studies in Pediatric Nephrolithiasis: Can We Better Select Patients for Evaluation?

Journal Article Frontiers in Urology · January 1, 2022 Background: Children, especially adolescents, constitute the most rapid growing demographic of nephrolithiasis. Due to the risks of recurrent stone disease, a 24-h urine analysis is recommended for the evaluation of children at risk of recurrent nephrolith ... Full text Cite

Pain management following robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy: transitioning to an opioid free regimen.

Journal Article J Robot Surg · December 2021 Few studies demonstrate the safety and efficacy of postoperative pain regimens that exclude opioids altogether in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). To reduce opioid use, we sought to develop an opioid-free regimen for RARP an ... Full text Link to item Cite

The prognostic value of digital rectal exam for the existence of advanced pathologic features after prostatectomy.

Journal Article Prostate · October 2021 BACKGROUND: Accurate staging at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis is fundamental to risk stratification and management counseling. Digital rectal exam (DRE) is foundational in clinical staging of prostate cancer, even with a known limited interexaminer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is Opioid-free Post-Vasectomy Analgesia a Pain? A Single Surgeon Experience.

Journal Article Urology · August 2021 OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of transitioning from opioid to non-opioid analgesia post-vasectomy on unplanned opioid prescriptions and health encounters. METHODS: A retrospective review for patients who underwent vasectomy from October 2018 through D ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-operative urinary retention (POUR) score – Can incomplete bladder emptying after surgery be predicted?

Journal Article Perioperative Care and Operating Room Management · September 1, 2020 Introduction And Objectives: Post-surgical urinary retention is a significant potential adverse event which may result in prolonged hospital stay, patient discomfort and avoidable returns to the Emergency Department. While predisposing factors of urinary r ... Full text Cite

AUTHOR REPLY.

Journal Article Urology · March 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Factors Influencing Patient Selection of Urologists.

Journal Article Urology · March 2020 OBJECTIVE: To describe the factors affecting patients' selection of a urologist, and the utilization of the Internet and social media. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All new patients presenting to a single-institution for evaluation were invited to complete an ano ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depth of Muscularis Propria Invasion Does Not Prognosticate Survival in T2 Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Journal Article Anticancer Res · April 2018 AIM: Although tumor depth of invasion is strongly associated with risk of lymph node metastasis and long-term survival in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, the significance of differential T2 invasion (inner circular layer versus outer longitudinal ... Full text Link to item Cite

An Atypical Presentation of Retroperitoneal Fibrosis.

Journal Article Curr Urol · August 2017 A 69-year-old man with a psoriatic arthritis treated with infliximab for 1 month presented to the urology clinic for lower urinary tract symptoms. He was found to have a new diagnosis of elevated creatinine. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physical Activity in an Underserved Population: Identifying Technology Preferences.

Journal Article J Phys Act Health · January 2017 BACKGROUND: This study aims to identify patterns of use and preferences related to technology platforms that could support physical activity (PA) programs in an underserved population. METHODS: A 29-item questionnaire was administered at 5 health and welln ... Full text Link to item Cite

Number of Ribs Resected is Associated with Respiratory Complications Following Lobectomy with en bloc Chest Wall Resection.

Journal Article Lung · August 2016 PURPOSE: Pulmonary lobectomy with en bloc chest wall resection is a common strategy for treating lung cancers invading the chest wall. We hypothesized a direct relationship exists between number of ribs resected and postoperative respiratory complications. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metformin exposure is associated with improved progression-free survival in diabetic patients after resection for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Journal Article J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg · July 2016 OBJECTIVE: There are little clinical data assessing the antineoplastic effect of metformin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We hypothesized that in diabetic patients undergoing pulmonary resection for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, met ... Full text Link to item Cite

Initiating palliative care consults for advanced dementia patients in the emergency department.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · March 2014 BACKGROUND: Patients with dementia, an underrecognized terminal illness, frequently visit the emergency department (ED). These patients may benefit from ED-initiated palliative care (PC) consultation. OBJECTIVE: The study's objective was to track the rate ... Full text Link to item Cite