Scholars@Duke

• Background
• 

  Education, Training, & Certifications

  • Ph.D., Tulane University 1971
• 

  Previous Appointments & Affiliations

  • Associate Professor of Mycology in the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Basic Science Departments 2002 - 2011
  • Associate Professor of Mycology in the Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Basic Science Departments 1980 - 2002
• Recognition
• 

  Awards & Honors

  • AAAS Fellows. American Association for the Advancement of Science, The. 2008
• Expertise
• 

  Global Scholarship

  • Research

    • Botswana (Country) 
    • India (Country) 
    • South Africa (Country) 
• Research
• 

  Selected Grants

  • Mid-Career Investigator Award: Preventing and Diagnosing Fungal Disease in Transplantation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2013
  • Studies of Cryptococcus neoformans Associated with AIDS awarded by National Institutes of Health 1987 - 2011
  • Microfluidic PCR Platform to Detect Microbial DNA awarded by National Institutes of Health 2005 - 2010
  • Same awarded by National Institutes of Health 1997 - 2002
  • Molecular Identification Of Pathogenic Fungi awarded by National Institutes of Health 1996 - 1999
  • Studies Of Cryptococcus Neoforms Associated With Aids awarded by National Institutes of Health 1996 - 1999
  • Studies Of Cryptococcus Neoformans Associated With Aids awarded by National Institutes of Health 1987 - 1999
  • Studies Of Cryptococcus Neoformans Assoc With Aids awarded by National Institutes of Health 1990 - 1995
  • Edities Of Cryptococcus Neoformans Associated With Aids awarded by National Institutes of Health 1992 - 1995
• Publications & Artistic Works
• 

  Selected Publications

  • Academic Articles

    • Chen, Yuan, Rhys A. Farrer, Charles Giamberardino, Sharadha Sakthikumar, Alexander Jones, Timothy Yang, Jennifer L. Tenor, et al. “Microevolution of Serial Clinical Isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii and C. gattii.” Mbio 8, no. 2 (March 7, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00166-17.
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    • Chen, Yuan, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Aubrey E. Frazzitta, Miriam R. Haverkamp, Liuyang Wang, Charles Fang, Charles Muthoga, Thomas G. Mitchell, and John R. Perfect. “Comparative analyses of clinical and environmental populations of Cryptococcus neoformans in Botswana.” Mol Ecol 24, no. 14 (July 2015): 3559–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13260.
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    • Chen, Yuan, Aubrey E. Frazzitta, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Charles Fang, Thomas G. Mitchell, Deborah J. Springer, Yun Ding, George Yuan, and John R. Perfect. “Next generation multilocus sequence typing (NGMLST) and the analytical software program MLSTEZ enable efficient, cost-effective, high-throughput, multilocus sequencing typing.” Fungal Genet Biol 75 (February 2015): 64–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2015.01.005.
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    • Van Wyk, Marelize, Nelesh P. Govender, Thomas G. Mitchell, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, and Anastasia P. GERMS-SA. “Multilocus sequence typing of serially collected isolates of Cryptococcus from HIV-infected patients in South Africa.” J Clin Microbiol 52, no. 6 (June 2014): 1921–31. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.03177-13.
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    • Chen, Y., D. L. Toffaletti, J. L. Tenor, A. P. Litvintseva, C. Fang, T. G. Mitchell, T. R. McDonald, et al. “The Cryptococcus neoformans transcriptome at the site of human meningitis.” Mbio 5, no. 1 (February 4, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01087-13.
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    • Chen, Yuan, Dena L. Toffaletti, Jennifer L. Tenor, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Charles Fang, Thomas G. Mitchell, Tami R. McDonald, et al. “The Cryptococcus neoformans transcriptome at the site of human meningitis.” Mbio 5, no. 1 (February 4, 2014): e01087–e01013. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01087-13.
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    • Schell, W. A., J. L. Benton, P. B. Smith, M. Poore, J. L. Rouse, D. J. Boles, M. D. Johnson, et al. “Evaluation of a digital microfluidic real-time PCR platform to detect DNA of Candida albicans in blood.” Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 31, no. 9 (September 2012): 2237–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-012-1561-6.
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    • Litvintseva, Anastasia P., and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Population genetic analyses reveal the African origin and strain variation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii.” Plos Pathog 8, no. 2 (February 2012): e1002495. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002495.
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    • Hu, Guanggan, Joyce Wang, Jaehyuk Choi, Won Hee Jung, Iris Liu, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Tihana Bicanic, et al. “Variation in chromosome copy number influences the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans and occurs in isolates from AIDS patients.” Bmc Genomics 12 (October 27, 2011): 526. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-526.
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    • Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Ignazio Carbone, Jenny Rossouw, Rameshwari Thakur, Nelesh P. Govender, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Evidence that the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii may have evolved in Africa.” Plos One 6, no. 5 (May 11, 2011): e19688. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019688.
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    • Miglia, Kathleen J., Nelesh P. Govender, Jenny Rossouw, Susan Meiring, Thomas G. Mitchell, and Thomas G. Group for Enteric, Respiratory and Meningeal Disease Surveillance in South Africa. “Analyses of pediatric isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from South Africa.” J Clin Microbiol 49, no. 1 (January 2011): 307–14. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01277-10.
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    • Wulff-Burchfield, Elizabeth, Wiley A. Schell, Allen E. Eckhardt, Michael G. Pollack, Zhishan Hua, Jeremy L. Rouse, Vamsee K. Pamula, et al. “Microfluidic platform versus conventional real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory specimens.” Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 67, no. 1 (May 2010): 22–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.12.020.
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    • Hua, Zhishan, Jeremy L. Rouse, Allen E. Eckhardt, Vijay Srinivasan, Vamsee K. Pamula, Wiley A. Schell, Jonathan L. Benton, Thomas G. Mitchell, and Michael G. Pollack. “Multiplexed real-time polymerase chain reaction on a digital microfluidic platform.” Anal Chem 82, no. 6 (March 15, 2010): 2310–16. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac902510u.
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    • Litvintseva, Anastasia P., and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Most environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A) are not lethal for mice.” Infect Immun 77, no. 8 (August 2009): 3188–95. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00296-09.
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    • Ngamskulrungroj, Popchai, Felix Gilgado, Josiane Faganello, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Ana Lusia Leal, Kin Ming Tsui, Thomas G. Mitchell, Marilene Henning Vainstein, and Wieland Meyer. “Genetic diversity of the Cryptococcus species complex suggests that Cryptococcus gattii deserves to have varieties.” Plos One 4, no. 6 (June 10, 2009): e5862. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005862.
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    • Byrnes, Edmond J., Robert J. Bildfell, Sheryl A. Frank, Thomas G. Mitchell, Kieren A. Marr, and Joseph Heitman. “Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the Pacific Northwest in the United States.” J Infect Dis 199, no. 7 (April 1, 2009): 1081–86. https://doi.org/10.1086/597306.
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    • Lin, Xiaorong, Sweta Patel, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Anna Floyd, Thomas G. Mitchell, and Joseph Heitman. “Diploids in the Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A population homozygous for the alpha mating type originate via unisexual mating.” Plos Pathog 5, no. 1 (January 2009): e1000283. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000283.
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    • Meyer, Wieland, David M. Aanensen, Teun Boekhout, Massimo Cogliati, Mara R. Diaz, Maria Carmela Esposto, Matthew Fisher, et al. “Consensus multi-locus sequence typing scheme for Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii.” Med Mycol 47, no. 6 (2009): 561–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/13693780902953886.
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    • Lin, Xiaorong, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Kirsten Nielsen, Sweta Patel, Anna Floyd, Thomas G. Mitchell, and Joseph Heitman. “alpha AD alpha hybrids of Cryptococcus neoformans: evidence of same-sex mating in nature and hybrid fitness.” Plos Genet 3, no. 10 (October 2007): 1975–90. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0030186.
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    • Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Xiaorong Lin, Irka Templeton, Joseph Heitman, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Many globally isolated AD hybrid strains of Cryptococcus neoformans originated in Africa.” Plos Pathog 3, no. 8 (August 17, 2007): e114. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030114.
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    • Litvintseva, A. P., X. Lin, I. Templeton, J. Heitman, and T. G. Mitchell. “Many globally isolated AD hybrid strains of Cryptococcus neoformans originated in Africa.” Plos Pathogens 3, no. 8 (August 1, 2007): 1109–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030114.
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    • Lin, Xiaorong, Johnny C. Huang, Thomas G. Mitchell, and Joseph Heitman. “Virulence attributes and hyphal growth of C. neoformans are quantitative traits and the MATalpha allele enhances filamentation.” Plos Genet 2, no. 11 (November 17, 2006): e187. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020187.
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    • Lin, X., J. C. Huang, T. G. Mitchell, and J. Heitman. “Virulence attributes and hyphal growth of C. neoformans are quantitative traits and the MATα allele enhances filamentation.” Plos Genetics 2, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 1801–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020187.
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    • Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Rameshwari Thakur, Rytas Vilgalys, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Multilocus sequence typing reveals three genetic subpopulations of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A), including a unique population in Botswana.” Genetics 172, no. 4 (April 2006): 2223–38. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.105.046672.
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    • Nielsen, Kirsten, Robert E. Marra, Ferry Hagen, Teun Boekhout, Thomas G. Mitchell, Gary M. Cox, and Joseph Heitman. “Interaction between genetic background and the mating-type locus in Cryptococcus neoformans virulence potential.” Genetics 171, no. 3 (November 2005): 975–83. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.105.045039.
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    • Gugnani, H. C., T. G. Mitchell, A. P. Litvintseva, K. B. Lengeler, J. Heitman, A. Kumar, S. Basu, and A. Paliwal-Joshi. “Isolation of Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii from the flowers and bark of Eucalyptus trees in India.” Med Mycol 43, no. 6 (September 2005): 565–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/13693780500160785.
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    • Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Rameshwari Thakur, L Barth Reller, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Prevalence of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus gattii serotype C among patients with AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa.” J Infect Dis 192, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 888–92. https://doi.org/10.1086/432486.
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    • Nielsen, Kirsten, Gary M. Cox, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Stephanie D. Malliaris, Daniel K. Benjamin, Steven S. Giles, et al. “Cryptococcus neoformans {alpha} strains preferentially disseminate to the central nervous system during coinfection.” Infect Immun 73, no. 8 (August 2005): 4922–33. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.73.8.4922-4933.2005.
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    • Loftus, Brendan J., Eula Fung, Paola Roncaglia, Don Rowley, Paolo Amedeo, Dan Bruno, Jessica Vamathevan, et al. “The genome of the basidiomycetous yeast and human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.” Science 307, no. 5713 (February 25, 2005): 1321–24. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1103773.
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    • Fraser, James A., Johnny C. Huang, Read Pukkila-Worley, J Andrew Alspaugh, Thomas G. Mitchell, and Joseph Heitman. “Chromosomal translocation and segmental duplication in Cryptococcus neoformans.” Eukaryot Cell 4, no. 2 (February 2005): 401–6. https://doi.org/10.1128/EC.4.2.401-406.2005.
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    • Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Lori Kestenbaum, Rytas Vilgalys, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Comparative analysis of environmental and clinical populations of Cryptococcus neoformans.” J Clin Microbiol 43, no. 2 (February 2005): 556–64. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.2.556-564.2005.
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    • Diezmann, Stephanie, Cymon J. Cox, Gabriele Schönian, Rytas J. Vilgalys, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Phylogeny and evolution of medical species of Candida and related taxa: a multigenic analysis.” J Clin Microbiol 42, no. 12 (December 2004): 5624–35. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.42.12.5624-5635.2004.
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    • Marra, Robert E., Johnny C. Huang, Eula Fung, Kirsten Nielsen, Joseph Heitman, Rytas Vilgalys, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “A genetic linkage map of Cryptococcus neoformans variety neoformans serotype D (Filobasidiella neoformans).” Genetics 167, no. 2 (June 2004): 619–31. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.103.023408.
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    • Steinbach, William J., Thomas G. Mitchell, Wiley A. Schell, Ana Espinel-Ingroff, Richard F. Coico, Thomas J. Walsh, and John R. Perfect. “Status of medical mycology education.” Med Mycol 41, no. 6 (December 2003): 457–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/13693780310001631322.
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    • Litvintseva, Anastasia P., Robert E. Marra, Kirsten Nielsen, Joseph Heitman, Rytas Vilgalys, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Evidence of sexual recombination among Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A isolates in sub-Saharan Africa.” Eukaryot Cell 2, no. 6 (December 2003): 1162–68. https://doi.org/10.1128/EC.2.6.1162-1168.2003.
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    • Xu, Jianping, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Comparative gene genealogical analyses of strains of serotype AD identify recombination in populations of serotypes A and D in the human pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans.” Microbiology (Reading) 149, no. Pt 8 (August 2003): 2147–54. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26180-0.
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    • Xu, Jianping, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Geographical differences in human oral yeast flora.” Clin Infect Dis 36, no. 2 (January 15, 2003): 221–24. https://doi.org/10.1086/345672.
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    • Luo, Guizhen, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Rapid identification of pathogenic fungi directly from cultures by using multiplex PCR.” J Clin Microbiol 40, no. 8 (August 2002): 2860–65. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.40.8.2860-2865.2002.
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    • Xu, Jianping, Guizhen Luo, Rytas J. Vilgalys, Mary E. Brandt, and Thomas G. Mitchell. “Multiple origins of hybrid strains of Cryptococcus neoformans with serotype AD.” Microbiology (Reading) 148, no. Pt 1 (January 2002): 203–12. https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-148-1-203.
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    • Xu, J., C. Onyewu, H. J. Yoell, R. Y. Ali, R. J. Vilgalys, and T. G. Mitchell. “Dynamic and heterogeneous mutations to fluconazole resistance in Cryptococcus neoformans.” Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45, no. 2 (February 2001): 420–27. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.45.2.420-427.2001.
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    • Forche, A., J. Xu, R. Vilgalys, and T. G. Mitchell. “Development and characterization of a genetic linkage map of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans using amplified fragment length polymorphisms and other markers.” Fungal Genet Biol 31, no. 3 (December 2000): 189–203. https://doi.org/10.1006/fgbi.2000.1240.
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    • Xu, J., R. Vilgalys, and T. G. Mitchell. “Multiple gene genealogies reveal recent dispersion and hybridization in the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans.” Mol Ecol 9, no. 10 (October 2000): 1471–81. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.01021.x.
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    • Mitchell, T. G. “Overview of basic medical mycology.” Otolaryngol Clin North Am 33, no. 2 (April 2000): 237–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0030-6665(00)80003-1.
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    • Xu, J., R. Y. Ali, D. A. Gregory, D. Amick, S. E. Lambert, H. J. Yoell, R. J. Vilgalys, and T. G. Mitchell. “Uniparental mitochondrial transmission in sexual crosses in Cryptococcus neoformans.” Curr Microbiol 40, no. 4 (April 2000): 269–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002849910053.
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    • Pinto de Andrade, M., G. Schönian, A. Forche, L. Rosado, I. Costa, M. Müller, W. Presber, T. G. Mitchell, and H. J. Tietz. “Assessment of genetic relatedness of vaginal isolates of Candida albicans from different geographical origins.” Int J Med Microbiol 290, no. 1 (March 2000): 97–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1438-4221(00)80112-5.
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    • Xu, J., A. R. Ramos, R. Vilgalys, and T. G. Mitchell. “Clonal and spontaneous origins of fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans.” J Clin Microbiol 38, no. 3 (March 2000): 1214–20. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.38.3.1214-1220.2000.
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    • McEwen, J. G., J. W. Taylor, D. Carter, J. Xu, M. S. Felipe, R. Vilgalys, T. G. Mitchell, et al. “Molecular typing of pathogenic fungi.” Med Mycol 38 Suppl 1 (2000): 189–97.
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    • Schönian, G., A. Forche, H. J. Tietz, M. Müller, Y. Gräser, R. Vilgalys, T. G. Mitchell, and W. Presber. “[Genetic structure of geographically different populations of candida albicans].” Mycoses 43 Suppl 2 (2000): 51–56.
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    • Xu, J., C. M. Boyd, E. Livingston, W. Meyer, J. F. Madden, and T. G. Mitchell. “Species and genotypic diversities and similarities of pathogenic yeasts colonizing women.” J Clin Microbiol 37, no. 12 (December 1999): 3835–43. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.37.12.3835-3843.1999.
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    • Forche, A., G. Schönian, Y. Gräser, R. Vilgalys, and T. G. Mitchell. “Genetic structure of typical and atypical populations of Candida albicans from Africa.” Fungal Genet Biol 28, no. 2 (November 1999): 107–25. https://doi.org/10.1006/fgbi.1999.1164.
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    • Xu, J., R. Vilgalys, and T. G. Mitchell. “Lack of genetic differentiation between two geographically diverse samples of Candida albicans isolated from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.” J Bacteriol 181, no. 4 (February 1999): 1369–73. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.181.4.1369-1373.1999.
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    • Blackstock, R., K. L. Buchanan, R. Cherniak, T. G. Mitchell, B. Wong, A. Bartiss, L. Jackson, and J. W. Murphy. “Pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans is associated with quantitative differences in multiple virulence factors.” Mycopathologia 147, no. 1 (1999): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007041401743.
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    • Xu, J., T. G. Mitchell, and R. Vilgalys. “PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses reveal both extensive clonality and local genetic differences in Candida albicans.” Mol Ecol 8, no. 1 (January 1999): 59–73. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00523.x.
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    • Xu, J., R. Vilgalys, and T. G. Mitchell. “Colony size can be used to determine the MIC of fluconazole for pathogenic yeasts.” J Clin Microbiol 36, no. 8 (August 1998): 2383–85. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.36.8.2383-2385.1998.
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    • Mitchell, T. G. “Medical mycological research and training: Needs and opportunities - With the increase in fungal diseases, research and training activities are also accelerating.” Asm News 64, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 17–23.
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    • Latouche, G. N., H. M. Daniel, O. C. Lee, T. G. Mitchell, T. C. Sorrell, and W. Meyer. “Comparison of use of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics for identification of species of the anamorph genus Candida and related teleomorph yeast species.” J Clin Microbiol 35, no. 12 (December 1997): 3171–80. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.35.12.3171-3180.1997.
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    • Li, R. K., and T. G. Mitchell. “Induction of interleukin-6 mRNA in rat alveolar macrophages by in vitro exposure to both Cryptococcus neoformans and anti-C. neoformans antiserum.” Medical Mycology 35, no. 5 (December 1, 1997): 327–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681219780001371.
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    • Meyer, W., G. N. Latouche, H. M. Daniel, M. Thanos, T. G. Mitchell, D. Yarrow, G. Schönian, and T. C. Sorrell. “Identification of pathogenic yeasts of the imperfect genus Candida by polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting.” Electrophoresis 18, no. 9 (August 1997): 1548–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150180911.
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    • SHONO, Y., K. KANEDA, S. SATOH, and K. ABUMI. “History and Current Topics of Anterior Instrumentation Surgery in Scoliosis Correction.” 日本整形外科學會雜誌 = the Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association 71, no. 3 (March 25, 1997).
    • Li, R. K., and T. G. Mitchell. “Induction of interleukin-6 mRNA in rat alveolar macrophages by in vitro exposure to both Cryptococcus neoformans and anti-C. neoformans antiserum.” J Med Vet Mycol 35, no. 5 (1997): 327–34.
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    • Gräser, Y., M. Volovsek, J. Arrington, G. Schönian, W. Presber, T. G. Mitchell, and R. Vilgalys. “Molecular markers reveal that population structure of the human pathogen Candida albicans exhibits both clonality and recombination.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93, no. 22 (October 29, 1996): 12473–77. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.22.12473.
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    • Haase, G. “Analysis of genes coding for small-subunit rRNA sequences in studying phylogenetics of dematiaceous fungal pathogens.” J Clin Microbiol 34, no. 8 (August 1996): 2049–50. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.34.8.2049-2050.1996.
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    • Eichhorn, D. J., T. A. Meyers, T. G. Mitchell, and C. E. Guzzetta. “Opening the doors: family presence during resuscitation.” J Cardiovasc Nurs 10, no. 4 (July 1996): 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005082-199607000-00007.
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    • Thanos, M., G. Schonian, W. Meyer, C. Schweynoch, Y. Graser, T. G. Mitchell, W. Presber, and H. J. Tietz. “Rapid identification of Candida species by DNA fingerprinting with PCR.” J Clin Microbiol 34, no. 3 (March 1996): 615–21. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.34.3.615-621.1996.
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    • Mitchell, T. G., and J. R. Perfect. “Cryptococcosis in the era of AIDS--100 years after the discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans.” Clin Microbiol Rev 8, no. 4 (October 1995): 515–48. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.8.4.515.
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    • Meyer, W., and T. G. Mitchell. “Polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting in fungi using single primers specific to minisatellites and simple repetitive DNA sequences: strain variation in Cryptococcus neoformans.” Electrophoresis 16, no. 9 (September 1995): 1648–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501601273.
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    • Spatafora, J. W., T. G. Mitchell, and R. Vilgalys. “Analysis of genes coding for small-subunit rRNA sequences in studying phylogenetics of dematiaceous fungal pathogens.” J Clin Microbiol 33, no. 5 (May 1995): 1322–26. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.33.5.1322-1326.1995.
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    • Mitchell, T. G., E. Z. Freedman, T. J. White, and J. W. Taylor. “Unique oligonucleotide primers in PCR for identification of Cryptococcus neoformans.” J Clin Microbiol 32, no. 1 (January 1994): 253–55. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.32.1.253-255.1994.
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    • Mitchell, T. G., R. L. Sandin, B. H. Bowman, W. Meyer, and W. G. Merz. “Molecular mycology: DNA probes and applications of PCR technology.” J Med Vet Mycol 32 Suppl 1 (1994): 351–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681219480000961.
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    • Meyer, W., T. G. Mitchell, E. Z. Freedman, and R. Vilgalys. “Hybridization probes for conventional DNA fingerprinting used as single primers in the polymerase chain reaction to distinguish strains of Cryptococcus neoformans.” J Clin Microbiol 31, no. 9 (September 1993): 2274–80. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.31.9.2274-2280.1993.
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    • Meyer, W., E. Lieckfeldt, K. Kuhls, E. Z. Freedman, T. Börner, and T. G. Mitchell. “DNA- and PCR-fingerprinting in fungi.” Exs 67 (1993): 311–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8583-6_28.
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    • Schönian, G., O. Meusel, H. J. Tietz, W. Meyer, Y. Gräser, I. Tausch, W. Presber, and T. G. Mitchell. “Identification of clinical strains of Candida albicans by DNA fingerprinting with the polymerase chain reaction.” Mycoses 36, no. 5–6 (1993): 171–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1993.tb00746.x.
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    • Mitchell, T. G., T. J. White, and J. W. Taylor. “Comparison of 5.8S ribosomal DNA sequences among the basidiomycetous yeast genera Cystofilobasidium, Filobasidium and Filobasidiella.” J Med Vet Mycol 30, no. 3 (1992): 207–18.
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    • Miller, M. F., and T. G. Mitchell. “Killing of Cryptococcus neoformans strains by human neutrophils and monocytes.” Infect Immun 59, no. 1 (January 1991): 24–28. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.59.1.24-28.1991.
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    • Miller, M. F., T. G. Mitchell, W. J. Storkus, and J. R. Dawson. “Human natural killer cells do not inhibit growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in the absence of antibody.” Infect Immun 58, no. 3 (March 1990): 639–45. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.58.3.639-645.1990.
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    • Small, J. M., and T. G. Mitchell. “Strain variation in antiphagocytic activity of capsular polysaccharides from Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A.” Infect Immun 57, no. 12 (December 1989): 3751–56. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.57.12.3751-3756.1989.
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    • Bolaños, B., and T. G. Mitchell. “Phagocytosis and killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages in the absence of serum.” J Leukoc Biol 46, no. 6 (December 1989): 521–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/jlb.46.6.521.
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    • Bolaños, B., and T. G. Mitchell. “Phagocytosis of cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages.” Medical Mycology 27, no. 4 (January 1, 1989): 203–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681218980000291.
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    • Bolaños, B., and T. G. Mitchell. “Killing of cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages.” Medical Mycology 27, no. 4 (January 1, 1989): 219–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681218980000301.
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    • Bolaños, B., and T. G. Mitchell. “Killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages.” J Med Vet Mycol 27, no. 4 (1989): 219–28.
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    • Bolaños, B., and T. G. Mitchell. “Phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages.” J Med Vet Mycol 27, no. 4 (1989): 203–17.
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    • Ferguson, B. J., T. G. Mitchell, R. Moon, E. M. Camporesi, and J. Farmer. “Adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen for treatment of rhinocerebral mucormycosis.” Rev Infect Dis 10, no. 3 (1988): 551–59. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/10.3.551.
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    • Small, J. M., T. G. Mitchell, and R. W. Wheat. “Strain variation in composition and molecular size of the capsular polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A.” Infect Immun 54, no. 3 (December 1986): 735–41. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.54.3.735-741.1986.
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    • Small, J. M., and T. G. Mitchell. “Binding of purified and radioiodinated capsular polysaccharides from Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A strains to capsule-free mutants.” Infect Immun 54, no. 3 (December 1986): 742–50. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.54.3.742-750.1986.
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    • THURMOND, L. M., and T. G. MITCHELL. “INVIVO CHEMOTAXIS AND BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BLASTOMYCES-DERMATITIDIS CHEMOTAXIN.” Zentralblatt Fur Bakteriologie Mikrobiologie Und Hygiene Series a Medical Microbiology Infectious Diseases Virology Parasitology 262, no. 1 (July 1, 1986): 71–72.
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    • Manning-Zweerink, M., C. S. Maloney, T. G. Mitchell, and H. Weston. “Immunoblot analyses of Candida albicans-associated antigens and antibodies in human sera.” J Clin Microbiol 23, no. 1 (January 1986): 46–52. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.23.1.46-52.1986.
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    • Thurmond, L. M., and T. G. Mitchell. “Blastomyces dermatitidis chemotactic factor: kinetics of production and biological characterization evaluated by a modified neutrophil chemotaxis assay.” Infect Immun 46, no. 1 (October 1984): 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.46.1.87-93.1984.
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    • Mitchell, T. G., and S. R. Turner. “Effects of culture filtrates of blastomyces dermatitidis on neutrophil locomotion.” Medical Mycology 22, no. 2 (January 1, 1984): 145–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/00362178485380221.
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    • Mitchell, T. G., and S. R. Turner. “Effects of culture filtrates of Blastomyces dermatitidis on neutrophil locomotion.” Sabouraudia 22, no. 2 (1984): 145–53.
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    • Jorgensen, T. J., F. Munno, T. G. Mitchell, and D. Hungerford. “Urinary cobalt levels in patients with porous Austin-Moore prostheses.” Clin Orthop Relat Res, no. 176 (June 1983): 124–26.
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    • Violand, S. A., T. G. Mitchell, and K. T. Kleeman. “Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunoassay and a quantitative indirect fluorescent-antibody test with the conventional indirect fluorescent-antibody test for detecting antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii.” J Clin Microbiol 16, no. 2 (August 1982): 341–44. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.16.2.341-344.1982.
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    • Scheffel, U., M. F. Tsan, T. G. Mitchell, E. E. Camargo, H. Braine, M. D. Ezekowitz, E. L. Nickoloff, R. Hill Zobel, E. Murphy, and P. A. McIntyre. “Human platelets labeled with In-111 8-hydroxyquinoline: kinetics, distribution, and estimates of radiation dose.” Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 23, no. 2 (February 1982): 149–56.
    • Manning, M., and T. G. Mitchell. “Analysis of cytoplasmic antigens of the yeast and mycelial phases of Candida albicans by two-dimensional electrophoresis.” Infect Immun 30, no. 2 (November 1980): 484–95. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.30.2.484-495.1980.
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    • Manning, M., and T. G. Mitchell. “Morphogenesis of Candida albicans and cytoplasmic proteins associated with differences in morphology, strain, or temperature.” J Bacteriol 144, no. 1 (October 1980): 258–73. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.144.1.258-273.1980.
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    • Manning, M., and T. G. Mitchell. “Strain variation and morphogenesis of yeast- and mycelial-phase Candida albicans in low-sulfate, synthetic medium.” J Bacteriol 142, no. 2 (May 1980): 714–19. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.142.2.714-719.1980.
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    • Barth, K. H., T. G. Mitchell, T. F. Groves, F. L. Starr, W. R. Kasecamp, and R. I. White. “A simple method to measure mesenteric arteriovenous shunt flow during arteriography.” Investigative Radiology 13, no. 3 (1978): 191–94.
    • Hill, H. R., N. A. Hogan, T. G. Mitchell, and P. G. Quie. “Evaluation of a cytocentrifuge method for measuring neutrophil granulocyte chemotaxis.” J Lab Clin Med 86, no. 4 (October 1975): 703–10.
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    • Hill, H. R., T. G. Mitchell, J. M. Matsen, and P. G. Quie. “Recovery from disseminated candidiasis in a premature neonate.” Pediatrics 53, no. 5 (May 1974): 748–52.
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    • Dupuy, M., H. Wagner, T. G. Mitchell, E. Bessière, and M. J. Le Rebeller. “[Global and sectorized estimation of ocular blood flow in dogs by labelled microsphere method: relation to intraocular pressure].” Bulletins Et Mémoires De La Société Française D’Ophtalmologie, Fr 86, no. 0 (1973): 319–23.
    • Mitchell, T. G., L. T. Lee, and C. Howe. “Comparison of glycoproteins isolated by phenol-water partition of human erythrocyte membranes.” Immunol Commun 2, no. 1 (1973): 35–42. https://doi.org/10.3109/08820137309022879.
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    • Mitchell, T. G., and L. Friedman. “In vitro phagocytosis and intracellular fate of variously encapsulated strains of Cryptococcus neoformans.” Infect Immun 5, no. 4 (April 1972): 491–98. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.5.4.491-498.1972.
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    • Marks, S. C., and T. G. Mitchell. “Thyroid ablation in young mice--a technique combining surgery and iodine-131.” The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 22, no. 4 (April 1971): 263–67.
    • Mitchell, T. G. “Radionuclide dosimetry.” Radiologic Clinics of North America 7, no. 2 (August 1969): 195–205.
    • Mitchell, T. G., M. S. Hendrie, and J. M. Shewan. “The taxonomy, differentiation and identification of Cytophaga species.” The Journal of Applied Bacteriology 32, no. 1 (March 1969): 40–50.
    • Love, A. H., T. G. Mitchell, and R. A. Phillips. “Water and sodium absorption in the human intestine.” The Journal of Physiology 195, no. 1 (March 1968): 133–40.
    • Mitchell, T. G. “Elementary radiation dosimetry.” Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 8, no. 5 (May 1967): 370.
    • Love, A. H., T. G. Mitchell, and E. M. Neptune. “Transport of sodium and water by rabbit ileum, in vitro and in vivo.” Nature 206, no. 989 (June 1965): 1158.
    • Phillips, R. A., A. H. Love, T. G. Mitchell, and E. M. Neptune. “Cathartics and the sodium pump.” Nature 206, no. 991 (June 1965): 1367–68.
    • MITCHELL, T. G. “SOME FACTORS AFFECTING A DISINFECTANT SUSPENSION TEST.” The Journal of Medical Laboratory Technology 20 (October 1963): 269–90.
    • MITCHELL, T. G., H. A. PEARSON, and J. D. MCILRAITH. “RADIATION, GENES AND CHILDHOOD.” Clinical Proceedings  Children’S Hospital of the District of Columbia 19 (October 1963): 263–77.
    • MITCHELL, T. G. “Some fundamentals of radiologic physics.” The Southern Medical Journal, Not Available 53 (April 1960): 386–99.
    • DRUYAN, R., T. G. MITCHELL, E. R. KING, and R. P. SPENCER. “Neutron activation analysis.” Radiology, Not Available 71, no. 6 (December 1958): 856–59.
    • DRUYAN, R., T. G. MITCHELL, and E. R. KING. “Neutron activation analysis in the determination of bone sodium.” The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, Not Available 52, no. 2 (August 1958): 304–8.
    • SPENCER, R. P., and T. G. MITCHELL. “Simultaneous uptake of radioactive copper and radioactive potassium by rat brains.” Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, Not Available 17, no. 3 (July 1958): 479–83.
    • SPENCER, R. P., T. G. MITCHELL, and E. R. KING. “Neutron activation analysis of blood.” The American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy, and Nuclear Medicine, Not Available 79, no. 6 (June 1958): 1053–62.
    • SPENCER, R. P., T. G. MITCHELL, W. G. MAXFIELD, and E. R. KING. “Circulating white blood cell volume in leukemia; preliminary report.” United States Armed Forces Medical Journal, Not Available 9, no. 2 (February 1958): 172–76.
    • SPENCER, R. P., T. G. MITCHELL, and E. R. KING. “Medical applications of neutron activation analysis.” The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Not Available 3, no. 2 (1958): 104–12.
    • SPENCER, R. P., and T. G. MITCHELL. “Pancreatic exocrine function; a simplified test using radioactive fat excretion.” The American Journal of Digestive Diseases, Not Available 2, no. 12 (December 1957): 691–95.
    • MITCHELL, T. G., R. P. SPENCER, and E. R. KING. “The use of radioisotopes in diagnostic hematologic procedures. III. Simultaneous Cr51 and Fe59 studies.” American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Not Available 28, no. 5 (November 1957): 461–68.
    • SPENCER, R. P., T. G. MITCHELL, and E. R. KING. “Neutron activation analysis of sodium in blood serum.” The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, Not Available 50, no. 4 (October 1957): 646–52.
    • KING, E. R., T. G. MITCHELL, and R. P. SPENCER. “The use of radioisotopes in diagnostic hematologic procedures. I. The application of the B12Co60 test in the diagnosis of macrocytic anemias and malabsorption states.” American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Not Available 28, no. 2 (August 1957): 115–22.
    • SPENCER, R. P., T. G. MITCHELL, and E. R. KING. “The use of radioisotopes in diagnostic hematologic studies. II. Fe59 erythrokinetic studies.” American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Not Available 28, no. 2 (August 1957): 123–33.
    • DUDLEY, H. C., and T. G. MITCHELL. “A study of methods for interstitial implantation of radioactive materials.” The American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy, and Nuclear Medicine, Not Available 75, no. 6 (June 1956): 1084–92.
    • DUDLEY, H. C., H. A. MARKOWITZ, and T. G. MITCHELL. “Studies of the localization of radioactive gallium (Ga72) in bone lesions.” The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume, Not Available 38-A, no. 3 (June 1956): 627–37.

  • Book Sections

    • Mitchell, T. G., P. Verweij, and A. I. M. Hoepelman. “Opportunistic and systemic fungi.” In Infectious Diseases: Third Edition, 2:1823–52, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-04579-7.00178-7.
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