Marty G. Woldorff

Journal Article Br J Anaesth · July 2025 BACKGROUND: We previously have shown that low intraoperative EEG alpha power is associated with impaired preoperative cognition, a delirium risk factor, and that intraoperative anaesthetic-dose-adjusted EEG bispectral index values were associated with a fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrical brain activations in preadolescents during a probabilistic reward-learning task reflect cognitive processes and behavior strategies.

Journal Article Front Hum Neurosci · 2025 Both adults and children learn through feedback to associate environmental events and choices with reward, a process known as reinforcement learning (RL). However, tasks to assess RL-related neurocognitive processes in children have been limited. This stud ... Full text Link to item Cite

White matter and latency of visual evoked potentials during maturation: A miniature pig model of adolescent development.

Journal Article J Neurosci Methods · November 2024 BACKGROUND: Continuous myelination of cerebral white matter (WM) during adolescence overlaps with the formation of higher cognitive skills and the onset of many neuropsychiatric disorders. We developed a miniature-pig model of adolescent brain development ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prestimulus alpha phase, not only power, modulates conscious perception. Comment on "Beyond task response-Pre-stimulus activity modulates contents of consciousness" by G. Northoff, F. Zilio & J. Zhang.

Journal Article Phys Life Rev · September 2024 Full text Link to item Cite

Using Dual-Coil TMS-EEG to Probe Bilateral Brain Mechanisms in Healthy Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Journal Article bioRxiv · August 26, 2024 BACKGROUND: A widespread observation in the cognitive neuroscience of aging is that older adults show a more bilateral pattern of task-related brain activation. These observations are based on inherently correlational approaches. The current study represen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrical brain activations in preadolescents during a probabilistic reward-learning task reflect cognitive processes and behavioral strategy.

Journal Article bioRxiv · July 1, 2024 Both adults and children learn through feedback which environmental events and choices are associated with higher probability of reward, an ability thought to be supported by the development of fronto-striatal reward circuits. Recent developmental studies ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preoperative electroencephalographic alpha-power changes with eyes opening are associated with postoperative attention impairment and inattention-related delirium severity.

Journal Article Br J Anaesth · January 2024 BACKGROUND: In the eyes-closed, awake condition, EEG oscillatory power in the alpha band (7-13 Hz) dominates human spectral activity. With eyes open, however, EEG alpha power substantially decreases. Less alpha attenuation with eyes opening has been associ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural retrieval processes occur more rapidly for visual mental images that were previously encoded with high-vividness.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · September 26, 2023 Visual mental imagery refers to our ability to experience visual images in the absence of sensory stimulation. Studies have shown that visual mental imagery can improve episodic memory. However, we have limited understanding of the neural mechanisms underl ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of imagery vividness and internally-directed attention on the neural mechanisms underlying the encoding of visual mental images into episodic memory.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · March 10, 2023 Attention can be directed externally toward sensory information or internally toward self-generated information. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we investigated the attentional processes underlying the formation and encoding of self-generated mental im ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurophysiological signatures of approximate number system acuity in preschoolers.

Journal Article Trends Neurosci Educ · March 2023 BACKGROUND: A hallmark of the approximate number system (ANS) is ratio dependence. Previous work identified specific event-related potentials (ERPs) that are modulated by numerical ratio throughout the lifespan. In adults, ERP ratio dependence was correlat ... Full text Link to item Cite

EEG pre-burst suppression: characterization and inverse association with preoperative cognitive function in older adults.

Journal Article Front Aging Neurosci · 2023 The most common complication in older surgical patients is postoperative delirium (POD). POD is associated with preoperative cognitive impairment and longer durations of intraoperative burst suppression (BSup) - electroencephalography (EEG) with repeated p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prestimulus oscillatory brain activity interacts with evoked recurrent processing to facilitate conscious visual perception.

Journal Article Sci Rep · December 22, 2022 We investigated whether prestimulus alpha-band oscillatory activity and stimulus-elicited recurrent processing interact to facilitate conscious visual perception. Participants tried to perceive a visual stimulus that was perceptually masked through object ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reward magnitude enhances early attentional processing of auditory stimuli.

Journal Article Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci · April 2022 Reward associations are known to shape the brain's processing of visual stimuli, but relatively less is known about how reward associations impact the processing of auditory stimuli. We leveraged the high-temporal resolution of electroencephalography (EEG) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural Dynamics of Context-sensitive Adjustments in Cognitive Flexibility.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · February 1, 2022 To adaptively interact with the uncertainties of daily life, we must match our level of cognitive flexibility to situations that place different demands on our ability to focus on the current task while remaining sensitive to cues that signal other, more u ... Full text Link to item Cite

Postoperative changes in cognition and cerebrospinal fluid neurodegenerative disease biomarkers.

Journal Article Ann Clin Transl Neurol · February 2022 OBJECTIVE: Numerous investigators have theorized that postoperative changes in Alzheimer's disease neuropathology may underlie postoperative neurocognitive disorders. Thus, we determined the relationship between postoperative changes in cognition and cereb ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Preoperative EEG Inattention Signatures and Postoperative Delirium

Conference ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA · 2022 Cite

Machine learning XGBoost classification of postoperative delirium by intraoperative EEG metrics

Conference ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA · 2022 Cite

Perioperative neurocognitive and functional neuroimaging trajectories in older APOE4 carriers compared with non-carriers: secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Journal Article Br J Anaesth · December 2021 BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction after surgery is a major issue in older adults. Here, we determined the effect of APOE4 on perioperative neurocognitive function in older patients. METHODS: We enrolled 140 English-speaking patients ≥60 yr old scheduled fo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Context-Dependent Modulation of Early Visual Cortical Responses to Numerical and Nonnumerical Magnitudes.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · November 5, 2021 Whether and how the brain encodes discrete numerical magnitude differently from continuous nonnumerical magnitude is hotly debated. In a previous set of studies, we orthogonally varied numerical (numerosity) and nonnumerical (size and spacing) dimensions o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural Dynamics of Conflict Control in Working Memory.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · September 1, 2021 Attention and working memory (WM) have classically been considered as two separate cognitive functions, but more recent theories have conceptualized them as operating on shared representations and being distinguished primarily by whether attention is direc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Linking the Rapid Cascade of Visuo-Attentional Processes to Successful Memory Encoding.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · March 5, 2021 While it is broadly accepted that attention modulates memory, the contribution of specific rapid attentional processes to successful encoding is largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we leveraged the high temporal resolution of electroencephalographi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caffeine Boosts Preparatory Attention for Reward-related Stimulus Information.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · January 2021 The intake of caffeine and the prospect of reward have both been associated with increased arousal, enhanced attention, and improved behavioral performance on cognitive tasks, but how they interact to exert these effects is not well understood. To investig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diminished Feedback Evaluation and Knowledge Updating Underlying Age-Related Differences in Choice Behavior During Feedback Learning.

Journal Article Front Hum Neurosci · 2021 In our daily lives, we continuously evaluate feedback information, update our knowledge, and adapt our behavior in order to reach desired goals. This ability to learn from feedback information, however, declines with age. Previous research has indicated th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disruptions of Sustained Spatial Attention Can Be Resistant to the Distractor's Prior Reward Associations.

Journal Article Front Hum Neurosci · 2021 Attention can be involuntarily biased toward reward-associated distractors (value-driven attentional capture, VDAC). Yet past work has primarily demonstrated this distraction phenomenon during a particular set of circumstances: transient attentional orient ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Impact of Error-Consequence Severity on Cue Processing in Importance-Biased Prospective Memory.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex Commun · 2021 Prospective memory (PM) enables people to remember to complete important tasks in the future. Failing to do so can result in consequences of varying severity. Here, we investigated how PM error-consequence severity impacts the neural processing of relevant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electroencephalogram-Based Complexity Measures as Predictors of Post-operative Neurocognitive Dysfunction.

Journal Article Front Syst Neurosci · 2021 Physiologic signals such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) demonstrate irregular behaviors due to the interaction of multiple control processes operating over different time scales. The complexity of this behavior can be quantified using multi-scale entrop ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Physical Salience and Value-Driven Salience Operate through Different Neural Mechanisms to Enhance Attentional Selection.

Journal Article J Neurosci · July 8, 2020 Previous studies have indicated that both increased physical salience and increased reward-value salience of a target improve behavioral measures of attentional selection. It is unclear, however, whether these two forms of salience interact with attentiona ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electroencephalography reveals a selective disruption of cognitive control processes in craving cigarette smokers.

Journal Article Eur J Neurosci · February 2020 Addiction to nicotine is extremely challenging to overcome, and the intense craving for the next cigarette often leads to relapse in smokers who wish to quit. To dampen the urges of craving and inhibit unwanted behaviour, smokers must harness cognitive con ... Full text Link to item Cite

The MARBLE Study Protocol: Modulating ApoE Signaling to Reduce Brain Inflammation, DeLirium, and PostopErative Cognitive Dysfunction.

Journal Article J Alzheimers Dis · 2020 BACKGROUND: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are common complications in older adults associated with increased 1-year mortality and long-term cognitive decline. One risk factor for worsened long-term postoperative cognitive trajectory is the A ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Neural Dynamics of Cognitive Control over Working Memory Capture of Attention.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · July 2019 The contents of working memory (WM) guide visual attention toward matching features, with visual search being faster when the target and a feature of an item held in WM spatially overlap (validly cued) than when they occur at different locations (invalidly ... Full text Link to item Cite

Toward direct MRI of neuro-electro-magnetic oscillations in the human brain.

Journal Article Magn Reson Med · June 2019 PURPOSE: Neuroimaging techniques are widely used to investigate the function of the human brain, but none are currently able to accurately localize neuronal activity with both high spatial and temporal specificity. Here, a new in vivo MRI acquisition and a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Numerical encoding in early visual cortex.

Journal Article Cortex · May 2019 The ability to estimate numerosity in a visual array arose early in evolution, develops early in human development, and is correlated with mathematical ability. Previous work with visually presented arrays indicates that the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) repr ... Full text Link to item Cite

The INTUIT Study: Investigating Neuroinflammation Underlying Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · April 2019 BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Every year, up to 40% of the more than 16 million older Americans who undergo anesthesia/surgery develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) or delirium. Each of these distinct syndromes is associated with decreased quality of ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Shared and distinct neural circuitry for nonsymbolic and symbolic double-digit addition.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · March 2019 Symbolic arithmetic is a complex, uniquely human ability that is acquired through direct instruction. In contrast, the capacity to mentally add and subtract nonsymbolic quantities such as dot arrays emerges without instruction and can be seen in human infa ... Full text Link to item Cite

A key role for stimulus-specific updating of the sensory cortices in the learning of stimulus-reward associations.

Journal Article Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci · February 13, 2019 Successful adaptive behavior requires the learning of associations between stimulus-specific choices and rewarding outcomes. Most research on the mechanisms underlying such processes has focused on subcortical reward-processing regions, in conjunction with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Developmental trajectory of neural specialization for letter and number visual processing.

Journal Article Dev Sci · May 2018 Adult neuroimaging studies have demonstrated dissociable neural activation patterns in the visual cortex in response to letters (Latin alphabet) and numbers (Arabic numerals), which suggest a strong experiential influence of reading and mathematics on the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural processes underlying the orienting of attention without awareness.

Journal Article Cortex · May 2018 Despite long being of interest to both philosophers and scientists, the relationship between attention and perceptual awareness is not well understood, especially to what extent they are even dissociable. Previous studies have shown that stimuli of which w ... Full text Link to item Cite

EEG measures of brain activity reveal that smoking-related images capture the attention of smokers outside of awareness.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · March 2018 The capture of attention by substance-related stimuli in dependent users is a major factor in the maintenance and/or cessation of substance use. The present study examined the automaticity of this process in smokers, as well as the effects of craving. Even ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortical and Subcortical Coordination of Visual Spatial Attention Revealed by Simultaneous EEG-fMRI Recording.

Journal Article J Neurosci · August 16, 2017 Visual spatial attention has been studied in humans with both electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) individually. However, due to the intrinsic limitations of each of these methods used alone, our understanding of th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Numerosity processing in early visual cortex.

Journal Article Neuroimage · August 15, 2017 While parietal cortex is thought to be critical for representing numerical magnitudes, we recently reported an event-related potential (ERP) study demonstrating selective neural sensitivity to numerosity over midline occipital sites very early in the time ... Full text Link to item Cite

From hippocampus to whole-brain: The role of integrative processing in episodic memory retrieval.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · April 2017 Multivariate functional connectivity analyses of neuroimaging data have revealed the importance of complex, distributed interactions between disparate yet interdependent brain regions. Recent work has shown that topological properties of functional brain n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cognitive control and reward

Chapter · February 6, 2017 Full text Cite

Neural cascade of conflict processing: Not just time-on-task.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · February 2017 In visual conflict tasks (e.g., Stroop or flanker), response times (RTs) are generally longer on incongruent trials relative to congruent ones. Two event-related-potential (ERP) components classically associated with the processing of stimulus conflict are ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intraoperative Frontal Alpha-Band Power Correlates with Preoperative Neurocognitive Function in Older Adults.

Journal Article Front Syst Neurosci · 2017 Each year over 16 million older Americans undergo general anesthesia for surgery, and up to 40% develop postoperative delirium and/or cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Delirium and POCD are each associated with decreased quality of life, early retirement, incr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

An electrophysiological dissociation of craving and stimulus-dependent attentional capture in smokers.

Journal Article Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci · December 2016 It has been suggested that over the course of an addiction, addiction-related stimuli become highly salient in the environment, thereby capturing an addict's attention. To assess these effects neurally in smokers, and how they interact with craving, we rec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Visual search performance is predicted by both prestimulus and poststimulus electrical brain activity.

Journal Article Sci Rep · November 30, 2016 An individual's performance on cognitive and perceptual tasks varies considerably across time and circumstances. We investigated neural mechanisms underlying such performance variability using regression-based analyses to examine trial-by-trial relationshi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

An electrophysiological marker of the desire to quit in smokers.

Journal Article Eur J Neurosci · November 2016 For many smokers, the motivational state of craving is a central feature of their dependence on nicotine, and is often at odds with a general desire to quit. How this desire to quit may influence the craving for a cigarette, however, is unclear. In the cur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reward-associated features capture attention in the absence of awareness: Evidence from object-substitution masking.

Journal Article Neuroimage · August 15, 2016 Reward-associated visual features have been shown to capture visual attention, evidenced in faster and more accurate behavioral performance, as well as in neural responses reflecting lateralized shifts of visual attention to those features. Specifically, t ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of ongoing distraction on the neural processes underlying signal detection.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · August 2016 Distraction can impede our ability to detect and effectively process task-relevant stimuli in our environment. Here we leveraged the high temporal resolution of event-related potentials (ERPs) to study the neural consequences of a global, continuous distra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Strategic down-regulation of attentional resources as a mechanism of proactive response inhibition.

Journal Article Eur J Neurosci · August 2016 Efficiently avoiding inappropriate actions in a changing environment is central to cognitive control. One mechanism contributing to this ability is the deliberate slowing down of responses in contexts where full response cancellation might occasionally be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transient Distraction and Attentional Control during a Sustained Selective Attention Task.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · July 2016 Distracting stimuli in the environment can pull our attention away from our goal-directed tasks. fMRI studies have implicated regions in right frontal cortex as being particularly important for processing distractors [e.g., de Fockert, J. W., & Theeuwes, J ... Full text Link to item Cite

Altruistic traits are predicted by neural responses to monetary outcomes for self vs charity.

Journal Article Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci · June 2016 Human altruism is often expressed through charitable donation-supporting a cause that benefits others in society, at cost to oneself. The underlying mechanisms of this other-regarding behavior remain imperfectly understood. By recording event-related-poten ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Rapid Capture of Attention by Rewarded Objects.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · April 2016 When a stimulus is associated with a reward, it becomes prioritized, and the allocation of attention to that stimulus increases. For low-level features, such as color, this reward-based allocation of attention can manifest early in time and as a faster and ... Full text Link to item Cite

The neural dynamics of stimulus and response conflict processing as a function of response complexity and task demands.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · April 2016 Both stimulus and response conflict can disrupt behavior by slowing response times and decreasing accuracy. Although several neural activations have been associated with conflict processing, it is unclear how specific any of these are to the type of stimul ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Rapid and Direct Encoding of Numerosity in the Visual Stream.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · February 2016 Humans are endowed with an intuitive number sense that allows us to perceive and estimate numerosity without relying on language. It is controversial, however, as to whether there is a neural mechanism for direct perception of numerosity or whether numeros ... Full text Link to item Cite

Orchestrating Proactive and Reactive Mechanisms for Filtering Distracting Information: Brain-Behavior Relationships Revealed by a Mixed-Design fMRI Study.

Journal Article J Neurosci · January 20, 2016 Given the information overload often imparted to human cognitive-processing systems, suppression of irrelevant and distracting information is essential for successful behavior. Using a hybrid block/event-related fMRI design, we characterized proactive and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortical Brain Activity Reflecting Attentional Biasing Toward Reward-Predicting Cues Covaries with Economic Decision-Making Performance.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · January 2016 Adaptive choice behavior depends critically on identifying and learning from outcome-predicting cues. We hypothesized that attention may be preferentially directed toward certain outcome-predicting cues. We studied this possibility by analyzing event-relat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Temporal Cascade of Neural Processes Underlying Target Detection and Attentional Processing During Auditory Search.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · September 2015 The posterior visual event-related potential (ERP) component, the N2pc, has been widely used to study lateralized shifts of attention within visual arrays. Recently, Gamble and Luck (2011) reported an auditory analog of this activity (the fronto-central "N ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid Context-based Identification of Target Sounds in an Auditory Scene.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · September 2015 To make sense of our dynamic and complex auditory environment, we must be able to parse the sensory input into usable parts and pick out relevant sounds from all the potentially distracting auditory information. Although it is unclear exactly how we accomp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improvement in visual search with practice: mapping learning-related changes in neurocognitive stages of processing.

Journal Article J Neurosci · April 1, 2015 Practice can improve performance on visual search tasks; the neural mechanisms underlying such improvements, however, are not clear. Response time typically shortens with practice, but which components of the stimulus-response processing chain facilitate t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Reward-prospect interacts with trial-by-trial preparation for potential distraction.

Journal Article Vis cogn · February 1, 2015 When attending for impending visual stimuli, cognitive systems prepare to identify relevant information while ignoring irrelevant, potentially distracting input. Recent work (Marini et al., 2013) showed that a supramodal distracter-filtering mechanism is i ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of attention on the temporal integration of multisensory stimuli.

Journal Article Front Integr Neurosci · 2015 In unisensory contexts, spatially-focused attention tends to enhance perceptual processing. How attention influences the processing of multisensory stimuli, however, has been of much debate. In some cases, attention has been shown to be important for proce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experience-dependent hemispheric specialization of letters and numbers is revealed in early visual processing.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · October 2014 Recent fMRI research has demonstrated that letters and numbers are preferentially processed in distinct regions and hemispheres in the visual cortex. In particular, the left visual cortex preferentially processes letters compared with numbers, whereas the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of the approximate number system in preschoolers' processing of spoken number words.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · September 2014 Little is known about the neural underpinnings of number word comprehension in young children. Here we investigated the neural processing of these words during the crucial developmental window in which children learn their meanings and asked whether such p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Utilization of reward-prospect enhances preparatory attention and reduces stimulus conflict.

Journal Article Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci · June 2014 The prospect of gaining money is an incentive widely at play in the real world. Such monetary motivation might have particularly strong influence when the cognitive system is challenged, such as when needing to process conflicting stimulus inputs. Here, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

The dynamics of proactive and reactive cognitive control processes in the human brain.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · May 2014 In this study, we leveraged the high temporal resolution of EEG to examine the neural mechanisms underlying the flexible regulation of cognitive control that unfolds over different timescales. We measured behavioral and neural effects of color-word incongr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Task preparation processes related to reward prediction precede those related to task-difficulty expectation.

Journal Article Neuroimage · January 1, 2014 Recently, attempts have been made to disentangle the neural underpinnings of preparatory processes related to reward and attention. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research showed that neural activity related to the anticipation of reward and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disruption of visual awareness during the attentional blink is reflected by selective disruption of late-stage neural processing.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · November 2013 Any information represented in the brain holds the potential to influence behavior. It is therefore of broad interest to determine the extent and quality of neural processing of stimulus input that occurs with and without awareness. The attentional blink i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural processing stages during object-substitution masking and their relationship to perceptual awareness.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · August 2013 The extent of visual perceptual processing that occurs in the absence of awareness is as yet unclear. Here we examined event-related-potential (ERP) indices of visual and cognitive processes as awareness was manipulated through object-substitution masking ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid brain responses independently predict gain maximization and loss minimization during economic decision making.

Journal Article J Neurosci · April 17, 2013 Success in many decision-making scenarios depends on the ability to maximize gains and minimize losses. Even if an agent knows which cues lead to gains and which lead to losses, that agent could still make choices yielding suboptimal rewards. Here, by anal ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The rapid distraction of attentional resources toward the source of incongruent stimulus input during multisensory conflict.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · April 2013 Neuroimaging work on multisensory conflict suggests that the relevant modality receives enhanced processing in the face of incongruency. However, the degree of stimulus processing in the irrelevant modality and the temporal cascade of the attentional modul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Object-Category Processing, Perceptual Awareness, and the Role of Attention during Motion-Induced Blindness

Journal Article · January 1, 2013 Perceptual information represented in the brain, whether a viewer is aware of it or not, holds the potential to influence subsequent behavior. Here we tracked a well-established event-related-potential (ERP) measure of visual-object-category processing, th ... Full text Cite

Reward associations reduce behavioral interference by changing the temporal dynamics of conflict processing.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 Associating stimuli with the prospect of reward typically facilitates responses to those stimuli due to an enhancement of attentional and cognitive-control processes. Such reward-induced facilitation might be especially helpful when cognitive-control mecha ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Resolving conflicting views: Gaze and arrow cues do not trigger rapid reflexive shifts of attention.

Journal Article Vis cogn · 2013 It has become widely accepted that the direction of another individual's eye gaze induces rapid, automatic, attentional orienting, due to it being such a vital cue as to where in our environment we should attend. This automatic orienting has also been asso ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cross-modal stimulus conflict: the behavioral effects of stimulus input timing in a visual-auditory Stroop task.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 Cross-modal processing depends strongly on the compatibility between different sensory inputs, the relative timing of their arrival to brain processing components, and on how attention is allocated. In this behavioral study, we employed a cross-modal audio ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Is one enough? The case for non-additive influences of visual features on crossmodal Stroop interference.

Journal Article Front Psychol · 2013 When different perceptual signals arising from the same physical entity are integrated, they form a more reliable sensory estimate. When such repetitive sensory signals are pitted against other competing stimuli, such as in a Stroop Task, this redundancy m ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Strategic allocation of attention reduces temporally predictable stimulus conflict.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · September 2012 Humans are able to continuously monitor environmental situations and adjust their behavioral strategies to optimize performance. Here we investigate the behavioral and brain adjustments that occur when conflicting stimulus elements are, or are not, tempora ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The influence of different Stop-signal response time estimation procedures on behavior-behavior and brain-behavior correlations.

Journal Article Behav Brain Res · April 1, 2012 The fundamental cognitive-control function of inhibitory control over motor behavior has been extensively investigated using the Stop-signal task. The critical behavioral parameter describing stopping efficacy is the Stop-signal response time (SSRT), and c ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The involvement of the dopaminergic midbrain and cortico-striatal-thalamic circuits in the integration of reward prospect and attentional task demands.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · March 2012 Featured Publication Reward has been shown to promote human performance in multiple task domains. However, an important debate has developed about the uniqueness of reward-related neural signatures associated with such facilitation, as similar neural patterns can be triggered ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is conflict monitoring supramodal? Spatiotemporal dynamics of cognitive control processes in an auditory Stroop task.

Journal Article Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci · March 2012 The electrophysiological correlates of conflict processing and cognitive control have been well characterized for the visual modality in paradigms such as the Stroop task. Much less is known about corresponding processes in the auditory modality. Here, ele ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrophysiological recordings in humans reveal reduced location-specific attentional-shift activity prior to recentering saccades.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · March 2012 Being able to effectively explore the visual world is of fundamental importance, and it has been suggested that the straight-ahead gaze position within the egocentric reference frame ("primary position") might play a special role in this context. In the pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Arrow-elicited cueing effects at short intervals: Rapid attentional orienting or cue-target stimulus conflict?

Journal Article Cognition · January 2012 The observation of cueing effects (faster responses for cued than uncued targets) rapidly following centrally-presented arrows has led to the suggestion that arrows trigger rapid automatic shifts of spatial attention. However, these effects have primarily ... Full text Link to item Cite

The temporal dynamics of object processing in visual cortex during the transition from distributed to focused spatial attention.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · December 2011 Several major cognitive neuroscience models have posited that focal spatial attention is required to integrate different features of an object to form a coherent perception of it within a complex visual scene. Although many behavioral studies have supporte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overlapping parietal activity in memory and perception: evidence for the attention to memory model.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · November 2011 The specific role of different parietal regions to episodic retrieval is a topic of intense debate. According to the Attention to Memory (AtoM) model, dorsal parietal cortex (DPC) mediates top-down attention processes guided by retrieval goals, whereas ven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential functional roles of slow-wave and oscillatory-α activity in visual sensory cortex during anticipatory visual-spatial attention.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · October 2011 Featured Publication Markers of preparatory visual-spatial attention in sensory cortex have been described both as lateralized, slow-wave event-related potential (ERP) components and as lateralized changes in oscillatory-electroencephalography alpha power, but the roles of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid modulation of sensory processing induced by stimulus conflict.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · September 2011 Featured Publication Humans are constantly confronted with environmental stimuli that conflict with task goals and can interfere with successful behavior. Prevailing theories propose the existence of cognitive control mechanisms that can suppress the processing of conflicting ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The neural underpinnings of how reward associations can both guide and misguide attention.

Journal Article J Neurosci · June 29, 2011 Featured Publication It is commonly accepted that reward is an effective motivator of behavior, but little is known about potential costs resulting from reward associations. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural underpinnings of s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sandwich masking eliminates both visual awareness of faces and face-specific brain activity through a feedforward mechanism.

Journal Article J Vis · June 7, 2011 Featured Publication It is generally agreed that considerable amounts of low-level sensory processing of visual stimuli can occur without conscious awareness. On the other hand, the degree of higher level visual processing that occurs in the absence of awareness is as yet uncl ... Full text Link to item Cite

The cross-modal spread of attention reveals differential constraints for the temporal and spatial linking of visual and auditory stimulus events.

Journal Article J Neurosci · June 1, 2011 Featured Publication The integration of multisensory information has been shown to be guided by spatial and temporal proximity, as well as to be influenced by attention. Here we used neural measures of the multisensory spread of attention to investigate the spatial and tempora ... Full text Link to item Cite

Event-related potentials reveal an early advantage for luminance contours in the processing of objects.

Journal Article J Vis · June 1, 2011 Detection and identification of objects are the most crucial goals of visual perception. We studied the role of luminance and chromatic information for object processing by comparing performance of familiar, meaningful object contours with those of novel, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substantia nigra activity level predicts trial-to-trial adjustments in cognitive control.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · February 2011 Featured Publication Effective adaptation to the demands of a changing environment requires flexible cognitive control. The medial and the lateral frontal cortices are involved in such control processes, putatively in close interplay with the BG. In particular, dopaminergic pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cochlear implants matching the prosthesis to the brain and facilitating desired plastic changes in brain function.

Journal Article Prog Brain Res · 2011 The cochlear implant (CI) is one of the great success stories of modern medicine. A high level of function is provided for most patients. However, some patients still do not achieve excellent or even good results using the present-day devices. Accumulating ... Full text Link to item Cite

Parallels in stimulus-driven oscillatory brain responses to numerosity changes in adults and seven-month-old infants.

Journal Article Dev Neuropsychol · 2011 Previous studies provide indirect evidence for an ontogenetically continuous Approximate-Number System. We employed a rapid steady-state visual-presentation paradigm combined with electroencephalography to measure stimulus-driven neural oscillatory respons ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of stimulus salience and attentional capture across the neural hierarchy in a stop-signal task.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2011 Inhibitory motor control is a core function of cognitive control. Evidence from diverse experimental approaches has linked this function to a mostly right-lateralized network of cortical and subcortical areas, wherein a signal from the frontal cortex to th ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The influence of reward associations on conflict processing in the Stroop task.

Journal Article Cognition · December 2010 Featured Publication Performance in a behavioral task can be facilitated by associating stimulus properties with reward. In contrast, conflicting information is known to impede task performance. Here we investigated how reward associations influence the within-trial processing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Individual differences in nonverbal number discrimination correlate with event-related potentials and measures of probabilistic reasoning.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · November 2010 The current study investigated the neural activity patterns associated with numerical sensitivity in adults. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while adults observed sequentially presented display arrays (S1 and S2) of non-symbolic numerical sti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pinning down response inhibition in the brain--conjunction analyses of the Stop-signal task.

Journal Article Neuroimage · October 1, 2010 Featured Publication Successful behavior requires a finely-tuned interplay of initiating and inhibiting motor programs to react effectively to constantly changing environmental demands. One particularly useful paradigm for investigating inhibitory motor control is the Stop-sig ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The multifaceted interplay between attention and multisensory integration.

Journal Article Trends Cogn Sci · September 2010 Featured Publication Multisensory integration has often been characterized as an automatic process. Recent findings indicate that multisensory integration can occur across various stages of stimulus processing that are linked to, and can be modulated by, attention. Stimulus-dr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multisensory conflict modulates the spread of visual attention across a multisensory object.

Journal Article Neuroimage · August 15, 2010 Spatial attention to a visual stimulus that occurs synchronously with a task-irrelevant sound from a different location can lead to increased activity not only in the visual cortex, but also the auditory cortex, apparently reflecting the object-related spr ... Full text Link to item Cite

The electrophysiological time course of the interaction of stimulus conflict and the multisensory spread of attention.

Journal Article Eur J Neurosci · May 2010 Featured Publication Previously, we have shown that spatial attention to a visual stimulus can spread across both space and modality to a synchronously presented but task-irrelevant sound arising from a different location, reflected by a late-onsetting, sustained, negative-pol ... Full text Link to item Cite

Video game players show more precise multisensory temporal processing abilities.

Journal Article Atten Percept Psychophys · May 2010 Recent research has demonstrated enhanced visual attention and visual perception in individuals with extensive experience playing action video games. These benefits manifest in several realms, but much remains unknown about the ways in which video game exp ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-field FMRI reveals brain activation patterns underlying saccade execution in the human superior colliculus.

Journal Article PLoS One · January 13, 2010 BACKGROUND: The superior colliculus (SC) has been shown to play a crucial role in the initiation and coordination of eye- and head-movements. The knowledge about the function of this structure is mainly based on single-unit recordings in animals with relat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Saccadic Re-Centering Bias is Associated with Activity Changes in the Human Superior Colliculus.

Journal Article Front Hum Neurosci · 2010 Being able to effectively explore our visual world is of fundamental importance, and it has been suggested that the straight-ahead gaze (primary position) might play a special role in this context. We employed fMRI in humans to investigate how neural activ ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-field FMRI reveals brain activation patterns underlying saccade execution in the human superior colliculus.

Journal Article PloS one · 2010 BACKGROUND: The superior colliculus (SC) has been shown to play a crucial role in the initiation and coordination of eye- and head-movements. The knowledge about the function of this structure is mainly based on single-unit recordings in animals with relat ... Full text Cite

Induced alpha-band oscillations reflect ratio-dependent number discrimination in the infant brain.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · December 2009 Behavioral studies show that infants are capable of discriminating the number of objects or events in their environment, while also suggesting that number discrimination in infancy may be ratio-dependent. However, due to limitations of the dependent measur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Momentary reductions of attention permit greater processing of irrelevant stimuli.

Journal Article Neuroimage · November 15, 2009 Featured Publication Momentary reductions of attention can have extremely adverse outcomes, but it remains unclear whether increased distraction from irrelevant stimuli contributes to such outcomes. To investigate this hypothesis, we examined trial-by-trial relationships betwe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Priming and backward influences in the human brain: processing interactions during the stroop interference effect.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · November 2009 Featured Publication This study investigated neural processing interactions during Stroop interference by varying the temporal separation of relevant and irrelevant features of congruent, neutral, and incongruent colored-bar/color-word stimulus components. High-density event-r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intermodal attention affects the processing of the temporal alignment of audiovisual stimuli.

Journal Article Exp Brain Res · September 2009 Featured Publication The temporal asynchrony between inputs to different sensory modalities has been shown to be a critical factor influencing the interaction between such inputs. We used scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the effects of attention on ... Full text Link to item Cite

The temporal dynamics of implicit processing of non-letter, letter, and word-forms in the human visual cortex.

Journal Article Front Hum Neurosci · 2009 The decoding of visually presented line segments into letters, and letters into words, is critical to fluent reading abilities. Here we investigate the temporal dynamics of visual orthographic processes, focusing specifically on right hemisphere contributi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Dynamic MRI of small electrical activity.

Journal Article Methods Mol Biol · 2009 Neuroscience methods entailing in vivo measurements of brain activity have greatly contributed to our understanding of brain function for the past decades, from the invasive early studies in animals using single-cell electrical recordings, to the noninvasi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid electrophysiological brain responses are influenced by both valence and magnitude of monetary rewards.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · November 2008 Abstract Negative outcomes, as identified from external feedback, cause a short-latency negative deflection in the event-related potential (ERP) waveform over medial frontal electrode sites. This brain response, which has been called an "error related nega ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cognitive control in social situations: a role for the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Journal Article Neuroimage · April 1, 2008 Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated brain activity elicited by a computer-animated child's actions that appeared consistent and inconsistent with a computer-animated adult's instructions. Participants observed a computer-ani ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrophysiological measures of time processing in infant and adult brains: Weber's Law holds.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · February 2008 Behavioral studies have demonstrated that time perception in adults, children, and nonhuman animals is subject to Weber's Law. More specifically, as with discriminations of other features, it has been found that it is the ratio between two durations rather ... Full text Link to item Cite

fMRI evidence for both generalized and specialized components of attentional control.

Journal Article Brain Res · October 26, 2007 Featured Publication A central question in the study of selective attention is whether top-down attentional control mechanisms are generalized or specialized for the type of information that is to be attended. The current study examined this question using a voluntary orientin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Erratum to "The neural circuitry underlying the executive control of auditory spatial attention" [Brain Res. 1134 (2007) 187-198] (DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.11.088)

Journal Article Brain Research · May 25, 2007 Full text Cite

Component structure of event-related fMRI responses in the different neurovascular compartments.

Journal Article Magn Reson Imaging · April 2007 In most functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, brain activity is localized by observing changes in the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal that are believed to arise from capillaries, venules and veins in and around the active ne ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective attention and audiovisual integration: is attending to both modalities a prerequisite for early integration?

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · March 2007 Featured Publication Interactions between multisensory integration and attention were studied using a combined audiovisual streaming design and a rapid serial visual presentation paradigm. Event-related potentials (ERPs) following audiovisual objects (AV) were compared with th ... Full text Link to item Cite

The neural circuitry underlying the executive control of auditory spatial attention.

Journal Article Brain Res · February 23, 2007 Featured Publication Although a fronto-parietal network has consistently been implicated in the control of visual spatial attention, the network that guides spatial attention in the auditory domain is not yet clearly understood. To investigate this issue, we measured brain act ... Full text Link to item Cite

Good times for multisensory integration: Effects of the precision of temporal synchrony as revealed by gamma-band oscillations.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · February 1, 2007 The synchronous occurrence of the unisensory components of a multisensory stimulus contributes to their successful merging into a coherent perceptual representation. Oscillatory gamma-band responses (GBRs, 30-80 Hz) have been linked to feature integration ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrophysiological evidence for notation independence in numerical processing.

Journal Article Behav Brain Funct · January 10, 2007 BACKGROUND: A dominant view in numerical cognition is that numerical comparisons operate on a notation independent representation (Dehaene, 1992). Although previous human neurophysiological studies using scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) on th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Timing and sequence of brain activity in top-down control of visual-spatial attention.

Journal Article PLoS Biol · January 2007 Featured Publication Recent brain imaging studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have implicated a frontal-parietal network in the top-down control of attention. However, little is known about the timing and sequence of activations within this network. To i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrophysiological evidence for notation independence in numerical processing.

Journal Article Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2007 BACKGROUND: A dominant view in numerical cognition is that numerical comparisons operate on a notation independent representation (Dehaene, 1992). Although previous human neurophysiological studies using scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) on th ... Full text Cite

Face Processing is Gated by Visual Spatial Attention.

Journal Article Front Hum Neurosci · 2007 Human perception of faces is widely believed to rely on automatic processing by a domain-specific, modular component of the visual system. Scalp-recorded event-related potential (ERP) recordings indicate that faces receive special stimulus processing at ar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Timing and sequence of brain activity in top-down control of visual-spatial attention

Journal Article Plos Biology · January 1, 2007 Recent brain imaging studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have implicated a frontal-parietal network in the top-down control of attention. However, little is known about the timing and sequence of activations within this network. To i ... Full text Cite

Attentional capacity for processing concurrent stimuli is larger across sensory modalities than within a modality.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · November 2006 One finding in attention research is that visual and auditory attention mechanisms are linked together. Such a link would predict a central, amodal capacity limit in processing visual and auditory stimuli. Here we show that this is not the case. Letter str ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dissociation of event-related potentials indexing arousal and semantic cohesion during emotional word encoding.

Journal Article Brain Cogn · October 2006 Event-related potential (ERP) studies have shown that emotional stimuli elicit greater amplitude late positive-polarity potentials (LPPs) than neutral stimuli. This effect has been attributed to arousal, but emotional stimuli are also more semantically coh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brain regions activated by endogenous preparatory set shifting as revealed by fMRI.

Journal Article Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci · September 2006 Featured Publication An ongoing controversy concerns whether executive control mechanisms can actively reconfigure the cognitive system in preparation for switching to a new task set. To address this question, we recorded brain activity from 14 healthy participants, using even ... Full text Link to item Cite

The neural bases of momentary lapses in attention.

Journal Article Nat Neurosci · July 2006 Featured Publication Momentary lapses in attention frequently impair goal-directed behavior, sometimes with serious consequences. Nevertheless, we lack an integrated view of the brain mechanisms underlying such lapses. By investigating trial-by-trial relationships between brai ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hemispheric asymmetry of sulcus-function correspondence: quantization and developmental implications.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · April 2006 Spatial covariances between the geometric centers of human occipital sulci and visual functional areas were calculated to reduce the spatial variance of functional-area locations between subjects. Seven visual areas in each occipital hemisphere were retino ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pre-target activity in visual cortex predicts behavioral performance on spatial and feature attention tasks.

Journal Article Brain Res · March 29, 2006 Physiological studies in humans and monkeys have revealed that, in response to an instruction to attend, areas of sensory cortex that code the attributes of the expected stimulus exhibit increases in neural activity prior to the arrival of the stimulus. Mo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interactions between attention and perceptual grouping in human visual cortex.

Journal Article Brain Res · March 17, 2006 Freeman et al. demonstrated that detection sensitivity for a low contrast Gabor stimulus improved in the presence of flanking, collinearly oriented grating stimuli, but only when observers attended to them. By recording visual event-related potentials (ERP ... Full text Link to item Cite

Children's brain activations while viewing televised violence revealed by fMRI

Journal Article Media Psychology · February 21, 2006 Though social and behavioral effects of TV violence have been studied extensively, the brain systems involved in TV violence viewing in children are, at present, not known. In this study, 8 children viewed televised violent and nonviolent video sequences w ... Full text Cite

Electrophysiological activity underlying inhibitory control processes in normal adults.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · 2006 In a recent ERP study of inhibitory control using the Stop-Signal Task [Pliszka, S., Liotti, M., Woldorff, M. (2000). Inhibitory control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Event-related potentials identify the processing component a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The spread of attention across modalities and space in a multisensory object.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 20, 2005 Featured Publication Attending to a stimulus is known to enhance the neural responses to that stimulus. Recent experiments on visual attention have shown that this modulation can have object-based characteristics, such that, when certain parts of a visual object are attended, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of attention on the neural processing of harmonic syntax in Western music.

Journal Article Brain Res Cogn Brain Res · December 2005 The effects of selective attention on the neural response to the violation of musical syntax were investigated in the present study. Musical chord progressions were played to nonmusicians while Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded. The five-chord ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multisensory processing and oscillatory gamma responses: effects of spatial selective attention.

Journal Article Exp Brain Res · October 2005 Here we describe an EEG study investigating the interactions between multisensory (audio-visual) integration and spatial attention, using oscillatory gamma-band responses (GBRs). The results include a comparison with previously reported event-related poten ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective attention and multisensory integration: multiple phases of effects on the evoked brain activity.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · July 2005 Featured Publication We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to evaluate the role of attention in the integration of visual and auditory features of multisensory objects. This was done by contrasting the ERPs to multisensory stimuli (AV) to the sum of the ERPs to the correspon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hemispheric asymmetries for different components of global/local attention occur in distinct temporo-parietal loci.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · June 2005 Data from brain-damaged and neurologically intact populations indicate hemispheric asymmetries in the temporo-parietal cortex for discriminating an object's global form (e.g. the overall shape of a bicycle) versus its local parts (e.g. the spokes in a bicy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abnormal brain activity related to performance monitoring and error detection in children with ADHD.

Journal Article Cortex · June 2005 Brain electrical activity associated with inhibitory control was recorded in ten ADHD and ten healthy children using high density event related potentials (ERPs) during the Stop Signal Task (SST). SST is a two-choice reaction time (RT) paradigm, in which s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Control networks and hemispheric asymmetries in parietal cortex during attentional orienting in different spatial reference frames.

Journal Article Neuroimage · April 15, 2005 Neuropsychological research has consistently demonstrated that spatial attention can be anchored in one of several coordinate systems, including those defined with respect to an observer (viewer-centered), to the gravitational vector (environment-centered) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex resolves conflict from distracting stimuli by boosting attention toward relevant events.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · February 2005 Featured Publication In everyday life, we often focus greater attention on behaviorally relevant stimuli to limit the processing of distracting events. For example, when distracting voices intrude upon a conversation at a noisy social gathering, we concentrate more attention o ... Full text Link to item Cite

The neural mechanisms for minimizing cross-modal distraction.

Journal Article J Neurosci · December 1, 2004 Featured Publication The neural circuitry that increases attention to goal-relevant stimuli when we are in danger of becoming distracted is a matter of active debate. To address several long-standing controversies, we asked participants to identify a letter presented either vi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Timing in the baby brain.

Journal Article Brain Res Cogn Brain Res · October 2004 Ten-month-old infants and adults were tested in an auditory oddball paradigm in which 50-ms tones were separated by 1500 ms (standard interval) and occasionally 500 ms (deviant interval). Both infants and adults showed marked brain responses to the tone th ... Full text Link to item Cite

The BOLD fMRI refractory effect is specific to stimulus attributes: evidence from a visual motion paradigm.

Journal Article Neuroimage · September 2004 Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have demonstrated that the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) hemodynamic response (HDR) to a stimulus is reduced by the previous presentation of a similar stimulus. We investigated the dependence ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of moving the mind's eye: planning and execution of spatial shifts of attention.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · June 2004 The usefulness of attentional orienting, both in the real world and in the laboratory, depends not only on the ability to attend to objects or other inputs but also on the ability to shift attention between them. Although understanding the basic characteri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrophysiological correlates of lateral interactions in human visual cortex.

Journal Article Vision Res · 2004 Detection thresholds for visually presented targets can be influenced by the nature of information in adjacent regions of the visual field. For example, detection thresholds for low-contrast Gabor patches decrease when flanked by patches that are oriented ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functional parcellation of attentional control regions of the brain.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · 2004 Featured Publication Recently, a number of investigators have examined the neural loci of psychological processes enabling the control of visual spatial attention using cued-attention paradigms in combination with event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. Findings f ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Conflict monitoring in the human anterior cingulate cortex during selective attention to global and local object features.

Journal Article Neuroimage · August 2003 Featured Publication Parallel processing affords the brain many advantages, but processing multiple bits of information simultaneously presents formidable challenges. For example, while one is listening to a speaker at a noisy social gathering, processing irrelevant conversati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural mechanisms of top-down control during spatial and feature attention.

Journal Article Neuroimage · July 2003 Theories of visual selective attention posit that both spatial location and nonspatial stimulus features (e.g., color) are elementary dimensions on which top-down attentional control mechanisms can selectively influence visual processing. Neuropsychologica ... Full text Link to item Cite

The ERP omitted stimulus response to "no-stim" events and its implications for fast-rate event-related fMRI designs.

Journal Article Neuroimage · April 2003 A major difficulty in fast-rate event-related fMRI experiments is the extensive overlap from adjacent trials in the stimulus sequence. One approach to address this problem is to include "no-stim" or "null" events as a trial type. These are randomized as if ... Full text Link to item Cite

Form-from-motion: MEG evidence for time course and processing sequence.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · February 15, 2003 The neural mechanisms and role of attention in the processing of visual form defined by luminance or motion cues were studied using magnetoencephalography. Subjects viewed bilateral stimuli composed of moving random dots and were instructed to covertly att ... Full text Link to item Cite

The temporal dynamics of the effects in occipital cortex of visual-spatial selective attention.

Journal Article Brain Res Cogn Brain Res · December 2002 Featured Publication The temporal dynamics of the effects of lateralized visual selective attention within the lower visual field were studied with the combined application of event-related potentials (ERPs) and positron emission tomography (15O PET). Bilateral stimuli were ra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of pathways mediating preserved vision after striate cortex lesions.

Journal Article Ann Neurol · December 2002 This study investigated the neural substrates of preserved visual functioning in a patient with homonymous hemianopsia and Riddoch syndrome after a posterior cerebral artery stroke affecting the primary visual cortex (area V1). The limited visual abilities ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of practice on executive control investigated with fMRI.

Journal Article Brain Res Cogn Brain Res · December 2002 Various models of executive control predict that practice should modulate the recruitment of executive brain mechanisms. To investigate this issue, we asked 15 participants to perform a cued global/local attention task while brain activity was recorded wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

A role for top-down attentional orienting during interference between global and local aspects of hierarchical stimuli.

Journal Article Neuroimage · November 2002 Various models of selective attention propose that greater attention is allocated toward target stimuli when conflicting distracters make selection more difficult, but compelling evidence to support this view is scarce. In the present experiment, 15 partic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced spatial localization of neuronal activation using simultaneous apparent-diffusion-coefficient and blood-oxygenation functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Journal Article Neuroimage · October 2002 Functional MRI (fMRI) can detect blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) hemodynamic responses secondary to local neuronal activity. The most commonly used method for detecting fMRI signals is the gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (EPI) technique because ... Link to item Cite

Unmasking motion-processing activity in human brain area V5/MT+ mediated by pathways that bypass primary visual cortex.

Journal Article Neuroimage · October 2002 Most models of the human visual system argue that higher-order motion-processing cortical regions receive their inputs only via the primary visual cortex (striate cortex), rather than also via direct projections from the thalamus that bypass primary visual ... Link to item Cite

BOLD signal compartmentalization based on the apparent diffusion coefficient.

Journal Article Magn Reson Imaging · September 2002 Functional MRI (fMRI) can detect blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) hemodynamic responses secondary to neuronal activity. The most commonly used method for detecting fMRI signals is the gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (EPI) technique because of its ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Delayed striate cortical activation during spatial attention.

Journal Article Neuron · August 1, 2002 Featured Publication Recordings of event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related magnetic fields (ERMFs) were combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study visual cortical activity in humans during spatial attention. While subjects attended selectivel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Speech segmentation by native and non-native speakers: the use of lexical, syntactic, and stress-pattern cues.

Journal Article J Speech Lang Hear Res · June 2002 Varying degrees of plasticity in different subsystems of language have been demonstrated by studies showing that some aspects of language are processed similarly by native speakers and late-learners whereas other aspects are processed differently by the tw ... Full text Link to item Cite

Compartmentalization of the BOLD Signal Based on the Apparent Mobilities

Journal Article Magn Reson Imaging · 2002 Cite

Structure--function spatial covariance in the human visual cortex.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · August 2001 Featured Publication The value of sulcal landmarks for predicting functional areas was quantitatively examined. Medial occipital sulci were identified using anatomical magnetic resonance images to create individual cortical-surface models. Functional visual areas were identifi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dissociating top-down attentional control from selective perception and action.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · 2001 Research into the neural mechanisms of attention has revealed a complex network of brain regions that are involved in the execution of attention-demanding tasks. Recent advances in human neuroimaging now permit investigation of the elementary processes of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intersubject variability in cortical activations during a complex language task.

Journal Article Neuroimage · September 2000 Intersubject variability in the functional organization of the human brain has theoretical and practical importance for basic and clinical neuroscience. In the present study, positron emission tomography (PET) and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibitory control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: event-related potentials identify the processing component and timing of an impaired right-frontal response-inhibition mechanism.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · August 1, 2000 BACKGROUND: A core deficit in inhibitory control may account for a wide range of dysfunctional behaviors in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: Event-related potentials were measured in 10 children with ADHD and 10 healthy children du ... Full text Link to item Cite

Automated Talairach atlas labels for functional brain mapping.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · July 2000 Featured Publication An automated coordinate-based system to retrieve brain labels from the 1988 Talairach Atlas, called the Talairach Daemon (TD), was previously introduced [Lancaster et al., 1997]. In the present study, the TD system and its 3-D database of labels for the 19 ... Full text Link to item Cite

410. Interactive effects in the anterior cingulate of sadness and selective attention: a PET study

Journal Article Biological Psychiatry · April 2000 Full text Cite

An ERP study of the temporal course of the Stroop color-word interference effect.

Journal Article Neuropsychologia · 2000 The electrophysiological correlates of the Stroop color-word interference effect were studied in eight healthy subjects using high-density Event-Related Potentials (ERPs). Three response modalities were compared: Overt Verbal, Covert Verbal, and Manual. Bo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Deconvolution of event-related fMRI responses in fast-rate experimental designs: tracking amplitude variations.

Journal Article J Cogn Neurosci · 2000 Recent developments towards event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging has greatly extended the range of experimental designs. If the events occur in rapid succession, the corresponding time-locked responses overlap significantly and need to be de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Automatic talairach labels for functional activation sites

Journal Article Neuroimage · January 1, 2000 Full text Cite

Activation of human auditory cortex in memory retrieval experiments

Journal Article Neuroimage · December 1, 1999 Cite

Right occipital ERP effects for non-letter character strings relative to letter strings

Journal Article Neuroimage · December 1, 1999 Cite

Effects of TV violence viewing on learning and memory in children

Journal Article Neuroimage · December 1, 1999 Cite

A movement-sensitive area in auditory cortex.

Journal Article Nature · August 19, 1999 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Hemodynamic and electrophysiological study of the role of the anterior cingulate in target-related processing and selection for action.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · 1999 Featured Publication A number of experiments requiring attention or other complex cognitive functions have found substantial activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Some of these studies have suggested that this area may be involved in "selection for action," such a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lateralized auditory spatial perception and the contralaterality of cortical processing as studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · 1999 Featured Publication Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) were used to study the relationships between lateralized auditory perception in humans and the contralaterality of processing in auditory cortex. Subjects listened to rapidly pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Randomized event-related experimental designs allow for extremely rapid presentation rates using functional MRI.

Journal Article Neuroreport · November 16, 1998 Featured Publication Previous studies have shown that hemodynamic response overlap severely limits the maximum presentation rate with event-related functional MRI (fMRI) using fixed intertrial experimental designs. Here we demonstrate that the use of randomized experimental de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Magnetoencephalographic recordings demonstrate attentional modulation of mismatch-related neural activity in human auditory cortex.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · May 1998 Featured Publication It is widely agreed that the negative brain potential elicited at 150-200 ms by a deviant, less intense sound in a repetitive series can be modulated by attention. To investigate whether this modulation represents a genuine attention effect on the mismatch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Auditory attention in the congenitally blind: where, when and what gets reorganized?

Journal Article Neuroreport · April 20, 1998 Functional reorganization of auditory attention was studied in 12 congenitally blind subjects and 12 controls using high-density event-related potentials during a highly focused dichotic listening task. Reaction times for the attend-ear intensity-deviant t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activation of human auditory cortex in retrieval experiments: an fMRI study.

Journal Article Neural Plast · 1998 In a previous functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) study, a subdivision of the human auditory cortex into four distinct territories was achieved. One territory (T1a) exhibited functional specialization in terms of a foreground-background decomposition task ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of hemispheric dominance for language using functional MRI: a comparison with positron emission tomography.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · 1998 The utility of a conventional (i.e., nonecho-planar) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique to determine hemispheric dominance for language was assessed using a semantic generation task in which subjects were presented with a series of noun ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intersubject variability of functional areas in the human visual cortex.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · 1998 Featured Publication Intersubject variability of striate and extrastriate areas was mapped by conjoined use of positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used two dynamic bowtie-shaped random-dot patterns centered symmetrically around the verti ... Full text Link to item Cite

The verb generation task: The timing of activations

Journal Article NeuroImage · January 1, 1998 Full text Cite

Activations in visual cortex by language and non-language tasks in the congenitally blind: A PET study

Journal Article Neuroimage · January 1, 1998 Full text Cite

Sustained visual stimulation: Neuronal and hemodynamic responses

Journal Article NeuroImage · January 1, 1998 Full text Cite

Inter-subject variability in task-induced activations during verb generation

Journal Article NeuroImage · January 1, 1998 Full text Cite

Neuronal stability in prolonged visual stimulation

Journal Article Neuroimage · December 1, 1997 Cite

Lateralized auditory spatial perception and cortical processing contralaterality as studied with fMRI and MEG

Journal Article Neuroimage · December 1, 1997 Cite

Retinotopic organization of early visual spatial attention effects as revealed by PET and ERPs.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · 1997 Featured Publication Cerebral blood flow PET scans and high-density event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded (separate sessions) while subjects viewed rapidly-presented, lower-visual-field, bilateral stimuli. Active attention to a designated side of the stimuli (relative ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving the temporal resolution of functional MR imaging using keyhole techniques.

Journal Article Magn Reson Med · June 1996 Using a keyhole technique, it is shown that the data acquisition rate of gradient-echo imaging for functional MRI (fMRI) studies can be increased substantially. The resulting enhancement of the temporal resolution of fMRIs was accomplished without modifyin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective listening at fast stimulus rates: so much to hear, so little time.

Journal Article Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl · 1995 Link to item Cite

Effects of spatial cuing on luminance detectability: psychophysical and electrophysiological evidence for early selection.

Journal Article J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform · August 1994 Three experiments were conducted to determine whether attention-related changes in luminance detectability reflect a modulation of early sensory processing. Experiments 1 and 2 used peripheral cues to direct attention and found substantial effects of cue v ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integrating human brain maps.

Journal Article Curr Opin Neurobiol · April 1994 Perception, action, cognition, and emotion can now be mapped in the brain by a growing family of techniques. Positron emission tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, event-related electrical potentials, event-related magnetic fields, and other ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of early sensory processing in human auditory cortex during auditory selective attention.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · September 15, 1993 Featured Publication Neuromagnetic fields were recorded from human subjects as they listened selectively to sequences of rapidly presented tones in one ear while ignoring tones of a different pitch in the opposite ear. Tones in the attended ear evoked larger magnetic brain res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Distortion of ERP averages due to overlap from temporally adjacent ERPs: analysis and correction.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · January 1993 Featured Publication In studies of event-related potentials (ERPs), short interstimulus intervals (ISIs) are often employed to investigate certain neural or psychological phenomena. At short ISIs, however, the ERP responses to successive stimuli may overlap, thereby distorting ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of early sensory processing in human auditory cortex during auditory selective attention

Journal Article Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA. · 1993 Cite

Modulation of early auditory processing during selective listening to rapidly presented tones.

Journal Article Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol · September 1991 Featured Publication Two dichotic listening experiments were performed in which stimulus and task conditions were optimized for the early selection of inputs. Subjects listened selectively to sequences of rapidly presented tone pips in one ear while ignoring tone pips of a dif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of auditory selective attention as revealed by event-related potentials.

Journal Article Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl · 1991 Link to item Cite

The effects of channel-selective attention on the mismatch negativity wave elicited by deviant tones.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · January 1991 Featured Publication The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an event-related brain potential elicited by infrequent, physically deviant sounds in a sequence of repetitive auditory stimuli. Two dichotic listening experiments that were designed to optimize the selective focusing of at ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cross-modal selective attention effects on retinal, myogenic, brainstem, and cerebral evoked potentials.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · March 1990 Short latency evoked potentials were recorded during a cross-modal selective attention task to evaluate recent proposals that sensory transmission in the peripheral auditory and visual pathways can be modified selectively by centrifugal mechanisms in human ... Full text Link to item Cite

Attentional influence on the mismatch negativity

Journal Article Behavioral and Brain Sciences · January 1, 1990 Full text Cite

Combined use of microreflexes and event-related brain potentials as measures of auditory selective attention.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · November 1987 Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of early selective attention in auditory and visual modalities.

Journal Article Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl · 1987 Link to item Cite

Evidence for effects of selective attention in the mid-latency range of the human auditory event-related potential.

Journal Article Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl · 1987 Link to item Cite

dc AND ac ELECTRIC FIELD, PLASMA DENSITY, PLASMA TEMPERATURE, AND FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENT EXPERIMENTS ON THE S3-3 SATELLITE.

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research · January 1, 1979 Measurements of dc electric fields, field-aligned currents, the plasma density, and wave electric fields and density fluctuations have been made for the first time at auroral zone altitudes between 1000 and 8000 km on the S3-3 satellite. The design and ope ... Full text Cite

Nonlinear steepening of the electrostatic ion cyclotron wave

Journal Article Physical Review Letters · January 1, 1979 Electrostatic ion cyclotron waves observed in space at altitudes between 5000 and 8000 km often have a sinusoidal form. Occasionally, however, wave forms having a spiky or sawtooth form indicative of steepening are observed. The nonlinear fluid equations w ... Full text Cite