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Observational Research Using Propensity Scores.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Raghunathan, K; Layton, JB; Ohnuma, T; Shaw, AD
Published in: Adv Chronic Kidney Dis
November 2016

In most observational studies, treatments or other "exposures" (in an epidemiologic sense) do not occur at random. Instead, treatments or other such interventions depend on several patient-related and patient-independent characteristics. Such factors, associated with the receipt vs nonreceipt of treatment, may also be-independently-associated with outcomes. Thus, confounding exists making it difficult to ascertain the true association between treatments and outcomes. Propensity scores (PS) represent an intuitive set of approaches to reduce the influence of such "confounding" factors. PS is a computed probability of treatment, a value that is estimated for each patient in an observational study and then applied (in a variety of ways such as matching, stratification, weighting, etc.) to reduce distortion in the true nature of the association between treatment (or any similar exposure) and outcomes. Despite several advantages, PS-based methods cannot account for unmeasured confounding, ie, for factors that are not being included in the computation of PS.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Adv Chronic Kidney Dis

DOI

EISSN

1548-5609

Publication Date

November 2016

Volume

23

Issue

6

Start / End Page

367 / 372

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Urology & Nephrology
  • Propensity Score
  • Observational Studies as Topic
  • Nephrology
  • Kidney Diseases
  • Humans
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences
 

Citation

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ICMJE
MLA
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Raghunathan, K., Layton, J. B., Ohnuma, T., & Shaw, A. D. (2016). Observational Research Using Propensity Scores. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis, 23(6), 367–372. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ackd.2016.11.010
Raghunathan, Karthik, J Bradley Layton, Tetsu Ohnuma, and Andrew D. Shaw. “Observational Research Using Propensity Scores.Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 23, no. 6 (November 2016): 367–72. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ackd.2016.11.010.
Raghunathan K, Layton JB, Ohnuma T, Shaw AD. Observational Research Using Propensity Scores. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2016 Nov;23(6):367–72.
Raghunathan, Karthik, et al. “Observational Research Using Propensity Scores.Adv Chronic Kidney Dis, vol. 23, no. 6, Nov. 2016, pp. 367–72. Pubmed, doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2016.11.010.
Raghunathan K, Layton JB, Ohnuma T, Shaw AD. Observational Research Using Propensity Scores. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2016 Nov;23(6):367–372.
Journal cover image

Published In

Adv Chronic Kidney Dis

DOI

EISSN

1548-5609

Publication Date

November 2016

Volume

23

Issue

6

Start / End Page

367 / 372

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Urology & Nephrology
  • Propensity Score
  • Observational Studies as Topic
  • Nephrology
  • Kidney Diseases
  • Humans
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences