Skip to main content

Association Between Incomplete Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Survival for Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Freischlag, K; Sun, Z; Adam, MA; Kim, J; Palta, M; Czito, BG; Migaly, J; Mantyh, CR
Published in: JAMA Surg
June 1, 2017

IMPORTANCE: Failing to complete chemotherapy adversely affects survival in patients with colorectal cancer. However, the effect of incomplete delivery of neoadjuvant radiotherapy is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether incomplete radiotherapy delivery is associated with worse clinical outcomes and survival. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Data on 17 600 patients with stage II to III rectal adenocarcinoma from the 2006-2012 National Cancer Database who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection were included. Multivariable regression methods were used to compare resection margin positivity, permanent colostomy rate, 30-day readmission, 90-day mortality, and overall survival between patients who received complete (45.0-50.4 Gy) and incomplete (<45.0 Gy) doses of radiation as preoperative therapy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was overall survival; short-term perioperative and oncologic outcomes encompassing margin positivity, permanent ostomy rate, postoperative readmission, and postoperative mortality were also assessed. RESULTS: Among 17 600 patients included, 10 862 were men, with an overall median age of 59 years (range, 51-68 years). Of these, 874 patients (5.0%) received incomplete doses of neoadjuvant radiation. The median radiation dose received among those who did not achieve complete dosing was 34.2 Gy (interquartile range, 19.8-40.0 Gy). Female sex (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.69; 95% CI, 0.59-0.81; P < .001) and receiving radiotherapy at a different hospital than the one where surgery was performed (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62-0.85; P < .001) were independent predictors of failing to achieve complete dosing; private insurance status was predictive of completing radiotherapy (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.16-2.21; P = .004). At 5-year follow-up, overall survival was improved among patients who received a complete course of radiotherapy (3086 [estimated survival probability, 73.2%] vs 133 [63.0%]; P < .001). After adjustment for demographic, clinical, and tumor characteristics, patients receiving a complete vs incomplete radiation dose had a similar resection margin positivity (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.72-1.35; P = .92), permanent colostomy rate (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.70-1.32; P = .81), 30-day readmission rate (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.67-1.27; P = .62), and 90-day mortality (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.33-1.54; P = .41). However, a complete radiation dose had a significantly lower risk of long-term mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.59-0.84; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Achieving a target radiation dose of 45.0 to 50.4 Gy is associated with a survival benefit in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Aligning all aspects of multimodal oncology care may increase the probability of completing neoadjuvant therapy.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

JAMA Surg

DOI

EISSN

2168-6262

Publication Date

June 1, 2017

Volume

152

Issue

6

Start / End Page

558 / 564

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Survival Analysis
  • Rectal Neoplasms
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Middle Aged
  • Margins of Excision
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Female
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Freischlag, K., Sun, Z., Adam, M. A., Kim, J., Palta, M., Czito, B. G., … Mantyh, C. R. (2017). Association Between Incomplete Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Survival for Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. JAMA Surg, 152(6), 558–564. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0010
Freischlag, Kyle, Zhifei Sun, Mohamed A. Adam, Jina Kim, Manisha Palta, Brian G. Czito, John Migaly, and Christopher R. Mantyh. “Association Between Incomplete Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Survival for Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.JAMA Surg 152, no. 6 (June 1, 2017): 558–64. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0010.
Freischlag K, Sun Z, Adam MA, Kim J, Palta M, Czito BG, et al. Association Between Incomplete Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Survival for Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. JAMA Surg. 2017 Jun 1;152(6):558–64.
Freischlag, Kyle, et al. “Association Between Incomplete Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Survival for Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.JAMA Surg, vol. 152, no. 6, June 2017, pp. 558–64. Pubmed, doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0010.
Freischlag K, Sun Z, Adam MA, Kim J, Palta M, Czito BG, Migaly J, Mantyh CR. Association Between Incomplete Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Survival for Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. JAMA Surg. 2017 Jun 1;152(6):558–564.

Published In

JAMA Surg

DOI

EISSN

2168-6262

Publication Date

June 1, 2017

Volume

152

Issue

6

Start / End Page

558 / 564

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Survival Analysis
  • Rectal Neoplasms
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Middle Aged
  • Margins of Excision
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Female