Introduction to Convulsive Therapy
This chapter discusses how convulsive therapy evolved as a treatment modality. It covers the basic principles of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and overviews the underlying electrical principles and serves as an introduction to how stimulus parameters and stimulus electrode placement can be varied to optimize treatment efficacy and minimize adverse effects. The chapter continues with an analysis of the characteristics of the ictal electrophysiological response induced by the ECT electrical stimulus. It also provides an introduction to newer convulsive therapy techniques that are being explored as potential means to ameliorate adverse cognitive consequences of ECT: magnetic seizure therapy (MST) and focal electrically administered seizure therapy (FEAST). ECT remains the most rapid and effective treatment for major mood disorders, as well as a potent treatment alternative in the management of medication-resistant schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders.
