Cytomegalovirus, Genital Herpes, Rubella, Syphilis, and Toxoplasmosis
Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is among the most prevalent congenital infection and the most common infectious cause of childhood deafness. Herpes infection is a common cause of minor maternal symptoms and a rare cause of devastating neonatal infection. The majority of neonatal herpes cases are born to women who have sub-clinical genital viral shedding at delivery and who often have no history of disease, making transmission prevention difficult. The majority of pregnant women with syphilis are asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is frequently made by serological testing, which is recommended as a part of the routine prenatal care. There are multiple sonographic abnormalities that may be seen with congenital toxoplasmosis; however, these are only suggestive of fetal infection. Some of these abnormalities include the following: ventricular dilation; intracranial calcifications; increased placental thickness; hepatomegaly and/or intrahepatic calcifications; fetal ascites; pericardial or pleural effusions.
