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Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Concentrations after Intravitreous Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Jampol, LM; Glassman, AR; Liu, D; Aiello, LP; Bressler, NM; Duh, EJ; Quaggin, S; Wells, JA; Wykoff, CC; Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network
Published in: Ophthalmology
July 2018

PURPOSE: To assess systemic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A levels after treatment with intravitreous aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab. DESIGN: Comparative-effectiveness trial with participants randomly assigned to 2 mg aflibercept, 1.25 mg bevacizumab, or 0.3 mg ranibizumab after a re-treatment algorithm. PARTICIPANTS: Participants with available plasma samples (N = 436). METHODS: Plasma samples were collected before injections at baseline and 4-week, 52-week, and 104-week visits. In a preplanned secondary analysis, systemic-free VEGF levels from an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were compared across anti-VEGF agents and correlated with systemic side effects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in the natural log (ln) of plasma VEGF levels. RESULTS: Baseline free VEGF levels were similar across all 3 groups. At 4 weeks, mean ln(VEGF) changes were -0.30±0.61 pg/ml, -0.31±0.54 pg/ml, and -0.02±0.44 pg/ml for the aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab groups, respectively. The adjusted differences between treatment groups (adjusted confidence interval [CI]; P value) were -0.01 (-0.12 to +0.10; P = 0.89), -0.31 (-0.44 to -0.18; P < 0.001), and -0.30 (-0.43 to -0.18; P < 0.001) for aflibercept-bevacizumab, aflibercept-ranibizumab, and bevacizumab-ranibizumab, respectively. At 52 weeks, a difference in mean VEGF changes between bevacizumab and ranibizumab persisted (-0.23 [-0.38 to -0.09]; P < 0.001); the difference between aflibercept and ranibizumab was -0.12 (P = 0.07) and between aflibercept and bevacizumab was +0.11 (P = 0.07). Treatment group differences at 2 years were similar to 1 year. No apparent treatment differences were detected at 52 or 104 weeks in the cohort of participants not receiving injections within 1 or 2 months before plasma collection. Participants with (N = 9) and without (N = 251) a heart attack or stroke had VEGF levels that appeared similar. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that decreases in plasma free-VEGF levels are greater after treatment with aflibercept or bevacizumab compared with ranibizumab at 4 weeks. At 52 and 104 weeks, a greater decrease was observed in bevacizumab versus ranibizumab. Results from 2 subgroups of participants who did not receive injections within at least 1 month and 2 months before collection suggest similar changes in VEGF levels after stopping injections. It is unknown whether VEGF levels return to normal as the drug is cleared from the system or whether the presence of the drug affects the assay's ability to accurately measure free VEGF. No significant associations between VEGF concentration and systemic factors were noted.

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Published In

Ophthalmology

DOI

EISSN

1549-4713

Publication Date

July 2018

Volume

125

Issue

7

Start / End Page

1054 / 1063

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Visual Acuity
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence
  • Retreatment
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
  • Ranibizumab
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry
  • Middle Aged
 

Citation

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Jampol, L. M., Glassman, A. R., Liu, D., Aiello, L. P., Bressler, N. M., Duh, E. J., … Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. (2018). Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Concentrations after Intravitreous Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema. Ophthalmology, 125(7), 1054–1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.01.019
Jampol, Lee M., Adam R. Glassman, Danni Liu, Lloyd Paul Aiello, Neil M. Bressler, Elia J. Duh, Susan Quaggin, John A. Wells, Charles C. Wykoff, and Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. “Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Concentrations after Intravitreous Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema.Ophthalmology 125, no. 7 (July 2018): 1054–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.01.019.
Jampol LM, Glassman AR, Liu D, Aiello LP, Bressler NM, Duh EJ, et al. Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Concentrations after Intravitreous Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema. Ophthalmology. 2018 Jul;125(7):1054–63.
Jampol, Lee M., et al. “Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Concentrations after Intravitreous Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema.Ophthalmology, vol. 125, no. 7, July 2018, pp. 1054–63. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.01.019.
Jampol LM, Glassman AR, Liu D, Aiello LP, Bressler NM, Duh EJ, Quaggin S, Wells JA, Wykoff CC, Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Concentrations after Intravitreous Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema. Ophthalmology. 2018 Jul;125(7):1054–1063.
Journal cover image

Published In

Ophthalmology

DOI

EISSN

1549-4713

Publication Date

July 2018

Volume

125

Issue

7

Start / End Page

1054 / 1063

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Visual Acuity
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence
  • Retreatment
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
  • Ranibizumab
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry
  • Middle Aged