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Mature T lymphocyte apoptosis--immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Lenardo, M; Chan, KM; Hornung, F; McFarland, H; Siegel, R; Wang, J; Zheng, L
Published in: Annu Rev Immunol
1999

Apoptosis of mature T lymphocytes preserves peripheral homeostasis and tolerance by countering the profound changes in the number and types of T cells stimulated by diverse antigens. T cell apoptosis occurs in at least two major forms: antigen-driven and lymphokine withdrawal. These forms of death are controlled in response to local levels of IL-2 and antigen in a feedback mechanism termed propriocidal regulation. Active antigen-driven death is mediated by the expression of death cytokines such as FasL and TNF. These death cytokines engage specific receptors that assemble caspase-activating protein complexes. These signaling complexes tightly regulate cell death but are vulnerable to inherited defects. Passive lymphokine withdrawal death may result from the cytoplasmic activation of caspases that is regulated by mitochondria and the Bcl-2 protein. The human disease, Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) is due to dominant-interfering mutations in the Fas/APO-1/CD95 receptor and other components of the death pathway. The study of ALPS patients reveals the necessity of apoptosis for preventing autoimmunity and allows the genetic investigation of apoptosis in humans. Immunological, cellular, and molecular evidence indicates that throughout the life of a T cell, apoptosis may be evoked in excessive, harmful, or useless clonotypes to preserve a healthy and balanced immune system.

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Published In

Annu Rev Immunol

DOI

ISSN

0732-0582

Publication Date

1999

Volume

17

Start / End Page

221 / 253

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • T-Lymphocytes
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders
  • Interphase
  • Interleukin-2
  • Immunotherapy
  • Immunology
  • Immune Tolerance
  • Humans
 

Citation

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ICMJE
MLA
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Lenardo, M., Chan, K. M., Hornung, F., McFarland, H., Siegel, R., Wang, J., & Zheng, L. (1999). Mature T lymphocyte apoptosis--immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment. Annu Rev Immunol, 17, 221–253. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.17.1.221
Lenardo, M., K. M. Chan, F. Hornung, H. McFarland, R. Siegel, J. Wang, and L. Zheng. “Mature T lymphocyte apoptosis--immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment.Annu Rev Immunol 17 (1999): 221–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.17.1.221.
Lenardo M, Chan KM, Hornung F, McFarland H, Siegel R, Wang J, et al. Mature T lymphocyte apoptosis--immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment. Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:221–53.
Lenardo, M., et al. “Mature T lymphocyte apoptosis--immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment.Annu Rev Immunol, vol. 17, 1999, pp. 221–53. Pubmed, doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.17.1.221.
Lenardo M, Chan KM, Hornung F, McFarland H, Siegel R, Wang J, Zheng L. Mature T lymphocyte apoptosis--immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment. Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:221–253.

Published In

Annu Rev Immunol

DOI

ISSN

0732-0582

Publication Date

1999

Volume

17

Start / End Page

221 / 253

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • T-Lymphocytes
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders
  • Interphase
  • Interleukin-2
  • Immunotherapy
  • Immunology
  • Immune Tolerance
  • Humans