Skip to main content
Journal cover image

Characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs for nEXO

Publication ,  Journal Article
Gallina, G; Giampa, P; Retière, F; Kroeger, J; Zhang, G; Ward, M; Margetak, P; Li, G; Tsang, T; Doria, L; Al Kharusi, S; Alfaris, M; Anton, G ...
Published in: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
October 1, 2019

In this paper we report on the characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 (S/N: S13370-6152) Vacuum Ultra-Violet (VUV) sensitive Multi-Pixel Photon Counters (MPPC)s as part of the development of a solution for the detection of liquid xenon scintillation light for the nEXO experiment. Various MPPC features, such as: dark noise, gain, correlated avalanches, direct crosstalk and Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE) were measured in a dedicated setup at TRIUMF. MPPCs were characterized in the range 163K≤T≤233K. At an over voltage of 3.1±0.2 V and at T=163K we report a number of Correlated Avalanches (CAs) per pulse in the 1μs interval following the trigger pulse of 0.161±0.005. At the same settings the Dark-Noise (DN) rate is 0.137±0.002Hz/mm2. Both the number of CAs and the DN rate are within nEXO specifications. The PDE of the Hamamatsu VUV4 was measured for two different devices at T=233K for a mean wavelength of 189±7nm. At 3.6±0.2 V and 3.5±0.2 V of over voltage we report a PDE of 13.4±2.6% and 11±2%, corresponding to a saturation PDE of 14.8±2.8% and 12.2±2.3%, respectively. Both values are well below the 24% saturation PDE advertised by Hamamatsu. More generally, the second device tested at 3.5±0.2 V of over voltage is below the nEXO PDE requirement. The first one instead yields a PDE that is marginally close to meeting the nEXO specifications. This suggests that with modest improvements the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs could be considered as an alternative to the FBK-LF Silicon Photo-Multipliers for the final design of the nEXO detector.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

DOI

ISSN

0168-9002

Publication Date

October 1, 2019

Volume

940

Start / End Page

371 / 379

Related Subject Headings

  • Nuclear & Particles Physics
  • 5106 Nuclear and plasma physics
  • 0299 Other Physical Sciences
  • 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
  • 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Gallina, G., Giampa, P., Retière, F., Kroeger, J., Zhang, G., Ward, M., … Ortega, G. S. (2019). Characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs for nEXO. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 940, 371–379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.05.096
Gallina, G., P. Giampa, F. Retière, J. Kroeger, G. Zhang, M. Ward, P. Margetak, et al. “Characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs for nEXO.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 940 (October 1, 2019): 371–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.05.096.
Gallina G, Giampa P, Retière F, Kroeger J, Zhang G, Ward M, et al. Characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs for nEXO. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2019 Oct 1;940:371–9.
Gallina, G., et al. “Characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs for nEXO.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 940, Oct. 2019, pp. 371–79. Scopus, doi:10.1016/j.nima.2019.05.096.
Gallina G, Giampa P, Retière F, Kroeger J, Zhang G, Ward M, Margetak P, Li G, Tsang T, Doria L, Al Kharusi S, Alfaris M, Anton G, Arnquist IJ, Badhrees I, Barbeau PS, Beck D, Belov V, Bhatta T, Blatchford J, Brodsky JP, Brown E, Brunner T, Cao GF, Cao L, Cen WR, Chambers C, Charlebois SA, Chiu M, Cleveland B, Coon M, Craycraft A, Dalmasson J, Daniels T, Darroch L, Daugherty SJ, De A, Der Mesrobian-Kabakian A, DeVoe R, Dilling J, Ding YY, Dolinski MJ, Dragone A, Echevers J, Elbeltagi M, Fabris L, Fairbank D, Fairbank W, Farine J, Feyzbakhsh S, Fontaine R, Gautam P, Giacomini G, Gornea R, Gratta G, Hansen EV, Heffner M, Hoppe EW, Hößl J, House A, Hughes M, Ito Y, Iverson A, Jamil A, Jewell MJ, Jiang XS, Karelin A, Kaufman LJ, Kodroff D, Koffas T, Krücken R, Kuchenkov A, Kumar KS, Lan Y, Larson A, Lenardo BG, Leonard DS, Li S, Li Z, Licciardi C, Lin YH, Lv P, MacLellan R, McElroy T, Medina-Peregrina M, Michel T, Mong B, Moore DC, Murray K, Nakarmi P, Newby RJ, Ning Z, Njoya O, Nolet F, Nusair O, Odgers K, Odian A, Oriunno M, Orrell JL, Ortega GS. Characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs for nEXO. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2019 Oct 1;940:371–379.
Journal cover image

Published In

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

DOI

ISSN

0168-9002

Publication Date

October 1, 2019

Volume

940

Start / End Page

371 / 379

Related Subject Headings

  • Nuclear & Particles Physics
  • 5106 Nuclear and plasma physics
  • 0299 Other Physical Sciences
  • 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
  • 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences