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Association of Adverse Experiences and Exposure to Violence in Childhood and Adolescence With Inflammatory Burden in Young People.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Rasmussen, LJH; Moffitt, TE; Arseneault, L; Danese, A; Eugen-Olsen, J; Fisher, HL; Harrington, H; Houts, R; Matthews, T; Sugden, K; Williams, B ...
Published in: JAMA pediatrics
January 2020

Childhood stress exposure is associated with inflammation as measured by C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). However, findings are inconsistent and effect sizes are small. The addition of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), a new biomarker of chronic inflammation, may improve measurement of stress-related inflammatory burden.To assess whether exposure to adverse experiences, stress, and violence is associated with an increase in suPAR levels in young people and to test the hypothesis that measuring suPAR in addition to CRP or IL-6 levels improves the assessment of the inflammatory burden associated with early-life stress.This cohort study included 1391 participants from a 1994 to 1995 birth cohort of twins from the nationally representative Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study in the United Kingdom. Participants were followed up until 18 years of age (93% retention). Plasma samples were analyzed in July 2018, and statistical analysis was performed from October 1, 2018, to May 31, 2019.Adverse childhood experiences and childhood and adolescent experience of stress and violence exposure.Plasma CRP, IL-6, and suPAR levels at 18 years of age.Among 1391 young people (mean [SD] age, 18.4 [0.36] years; 733 [52.7%] female), those who had been exposed to stressful experiences had elevated suPAR levels by 18 years of age after controlling for sex, body mass index, and smoking: 0.03-ng/mL (95% CI, 0.01-0.05 ng/mL) increase in suPAR per each additional adverse childhood experience, 0.09-ng/mL (95% CI, 0.01-0.17 ng/mL) increase in suPAR per each additional severe childhood experience of stress or violence, and 0.04-ng/mL (95% CI, -0.02 to 0.10 ng/mL) increase in suPAR per each additional severe adolescent experience of stress or violence. Individuals exposed to multiple types of violence in both childhood and adolescence had 0.26-ng/mL (95% CI, 0.07-0.45 ng/mL) higher suPAR levels compared with children who did not experience stress or violence. These stress-exposed young people were significantly more likely to have elevated suPAR levels at 18 years of age even if they did not have elevated CRP or IL-6 levels. Measuring suPAR in addition to CRP or IL-6 increased the association between stress exposure and inflammatory burden. For example, after adjusting for CRP and IL-6 levels, each additional adverse childhood experience was associated with a 0.05-mL (95% CI, 0.03-0.07 ng/mL) increase in suPAR, each additional severe childhood experience of stress or violence was associated with a 0.14-ng/mL (95% CI, 0.06-0.22 ng/mL) increase in suPAR, and each additional severe adolescent experience of stress or violence was associated with a 0.10-ng/mL (95% CI, 0.04-0.16 ng/mL) increase in suPAR.The results suggest that adult inflammation is associated with childhood exposure to stress. Adding information about suPAR to traditional biomarkers of inflammation may improve the measurement of inflammatory burden associated with exposure to stress and violence.

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Published In

JAMA pediatrics

DOI

EISSN

2168-6211

ISSN

2168-6203

Publication Date

January 2020

Volume

174

Issue

1

Start / End Page

38 / 47

Related Subject Headings

  • Violence
  • United Kingdom
  • Prognosis
  • Male
  • Inflammation
  • Incidence
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Exposure to Violence
  • Child, Preschool
 

Citation

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MLA
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Rasmussen, L. J. H., Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Danese, A., Eugen-Olsen, J., Fisher, H. L., … Caspi, A. (2020). Association of Adverse Experiences and Exposure to Violence in Childhood and Adolescence With Inflammatory Burden in Young People. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(1), 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3875
Rasmussen, Line Jee Hartmann, Terrie E. Moffitt, Louise Arseneault, Andrea Danese, Jesper Eugen-Olsen, Helen L. Fisher, HonaLee Harrington, et al. “Association of Adverse Experiences and Exposure to Violence in Childhood and Adolescence With Inflammatory Burden in Young People.JAMA Pediatrics 174, no. 1 (January 2020): 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3875.
Rasmussen LJH, Moffitt TE, Arseneault L, Danese A, Eugen-Olsen J, Fisher HL, et al. Association of Adverse Experiences and Exposure to Violence in Childhood and Adolescence With Inflammatory Burden in Young People. JAMA pediatrics. 2020 Jan;174(1):38–47.
Rasmussen, Line Jee Hartmann, et al. “Association of Adverse Experiences and Exposure to Violence in Childhood and Adolescence With Inflammatory Burden in Young People.JAMA Pediatrics, vol. 174, no. 1, Jan. 2020, pp. 38–47. Epmc, doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3875.
Rasmussen LJH, Moffitt TE, Arseneault L, Danese A, Eugen-Olsen J, Fisher HL, Harrington H, Houts R, Matthews T, Sugden K, Williams B, Caspi A. Association of Adverse Experiences and Exposure to Violence in Childhood and Adolescence With Inflammatory Burden in Young People. JAMA pediatrics. 2020 Jan;174(1):38–47.

Published In

JAMA pediatrics

DOI

EISSN

2168-6211

ISSN

2168-6203

Publication Date

January 2020

Volume

174

Issue

1

Start / End Page

38 / 47

Related Subject Headings

  • Violence
  • United Kingdom
  • Prognosis
  • Male
  • Inflammation
  • Incidence
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Exposure to Violence
  • Child, Preschool