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Relationships between the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio and a Panel of Exposure and Effect Biomarkers: Findings from Two Studies of U.S. Commercial Cigarette Smokers.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Carroll, DM; Murphy, SE; Benowitz, NL; Strasser, AA; Kotlyar, M; Hecht, SS; Carmella, SG; McClernon, FJ; Pacek, LR; Dermody, SS; Vandrey, RG ...
Published in: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
April 2020

BACKGROUND: We examined the nicotine metabolite ratio's (NMR) relationship with smoking intensity, nicotine dependence, and a broad array of biomarkers of exposure and biological effect in commercial cigarette smokers. METHODS: Secondary analysis was conducted on two cross-sectional samples of adult, daily smokers from Wave 1 (2013-2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco Use and Health (PATH) Study and baseline data from a 2014-2017 randomized clinical trial. Data were restricted to participants of non-Hispanic, white race. The lowest quartile of NMR (<0.26) in the nationally representative PATH Study was used to distinguish slow from normal/fast nicotine metabolizers. NMR was modeled continuously in secondary analysis. RESULTS: Compared with slow metabolizers, normal/fast metabolizers had greater cigarettes per day and higher levels of total nicotine equivalents, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, volatile organic componds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A novel finding was higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers among normal/fast metabolizers versus slow metabolizers. With NMR modeled as a continuous measure, the associations between NMR and biomarkers of inflammation were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The results are suggestive that normal/fast nicotine metabolizers may be at increased risk for tobacco-related disease due to being heavier smokers, having higher exposure to numerous toxicants and carcinogens, and having higher levels of inflammation when compared with slow metabolizers. IMPACT: This is the first documentation that NMR is not only associated with smoking exposure but also biomarkers of biological effects that are integral in the development of tobacco-related disease. Results provide support for NMR as a biomarker for understanding a smoker's exposure and potential risk for tobacco-related disease.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev

DOI

EISSN

1538-7755

Publication Date

April 2020

Volume

29

Issue

4

Start / End Page

871 / 879

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • United States
  • Tobacco Use Disorder
  • Smokers
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Self Report
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Nicotine
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Longitudinal Studies
 

Citation

APA
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ICMJE
MLA
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Carroll, D. M., Murphy, S. E., Benowitz, N. L., Strasser, A. A., Kotlyar, M., Hecht, S. S., … Hatsukami, D. K. (2020). Relationships between the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio and a Panel of Exposure and Effect Biomarkers: Findings from Two Studies of U.S. Commercial Cigarette Smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 29(4), 871–879. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-19-0644

Published In

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev

DOI

EISSN

1538-7755

Publication Date

April 2020

Volume

29

Issue

4

Start / End Page

871 / 879

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • United States
  • Tobacco Use Disorder
  • Smokers
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Self Report
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Nicotine
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Longitudinal Studies