A generalized workflow for conducting electric field-optimized, fMRI-guided, transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive method to stimulate the cerebral cortex that has applications in psychiatry, such as in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Although many TMS targeting methods that use figure-8 coils exist, many do not account for individual differences in anatomy or are not generalizable across target sites. This protocol combines functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and iterative electric-field (E-field) modeling in a generalized approach to subject-specific TMS targeting that is capable of optimizing the stimulation site and TMS coil orientation. To apply this protocol, the user should (i) operationally define a region of interest (ROI), (ii) generate the head model from the structural MRI data, (iii) preprocess the functional MRI data, (iv) identify the single-subject stimulation site within the ROI, and (iv) conduct E-field modeling to identify the optimal coil orientation. In comparison with standard targeting methods, this approach demonstrates (i) reduced variability in the stimulation site across subjects, (ii) reduced scalp-to-cortical-target distance, and (iii) reduced variability in optimal coil orientation. Execution of this protocol requires intermediate-level skills in structural and functional MRI processing. This protocol takes ~24 h to complete and demonstrates how constrained fMRI targeting combined with iterative E-field modeling can be used as a general method to optimize both the TMS coil site and its orientation.
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- Workflow
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Humans
- Brain Mapping
- Brain
- Bioinformatics
- 11 Medical and Health Sciences
- 06 Biological Sciences
- 03 Chemical Sciences
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Workflow
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Humans
- Brain Mapping
- Brain
- Bioinformatics
- 11 Medical and Health Sciences
- 06 Biological Sciences
- 03 Chemical Sciences