
A single amino acid change in the para sodium channel protein is associated with knockdown-resistance (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides in German cockroach.
Previous genetic and pharmacological studies suggest that knockdown-resistance (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides likely results from a mutation(s) in the para sodium channel gene. In this study, para sodium channel genes from an insecticide-susceptible German cockroach strain, CSMA, and a kdr-type German cockroach strain, Ectiban-R, were cloned and sequenced. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of paraCSMA and paraEctiban-R revealed two nucleotide differences at nt 1491 and nt 2979, respectively. Only the difference at nt 2979 (G in paraCSMA and C in paraEctiban-R) resulted in an amino acid change (Leu993 in CSMA and Phe993 in Ectiban-R). Leu993/Phe993 is located in the highly conserved membrane-spanning segment 6 of domain II (IIS6). Furthermore, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) sequence analysis using another two insecticide-susceptible and one kdr German cockroach strain, revealed that C2979 was specifically associated with kdr resistant strains, whereas only G2979 was present in all susceptible strains. These results suggest that a single amino acid change from Leu993 to Phe993 is responsible for the kdr-type resistance in German cockroach.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Sodium Channels
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Pyrethrins
- Phenylalanine
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Leucine
- Insecticide Resistance
- Insect Proteins
- Entomology
- DNA, Complementary
Citation

Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- Sodium Channels
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Pyrethrins
- Phenylalanine
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Leucine
- Insecticide Resistance
- Insect Proteins
- Entomology
- DNA, Complementary