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Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Gulanski, BI; Butera, NM; Krause-Steinrauf, H; Lichtman, JH; Harindhanavudhi, T; Green, JB; Suratt, CE; AbouAssi, H; Desouza, C; Ahmann, AJ ...
Published in: BMJ open diabetes research & care
April 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), conferring a greater relative risk in women than men. We sought to examine sex differences in cardiometabolic risk factors and management in the contemporary cohort represented by the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE).GRADE enrolled 5047 participants (1837 women, 3210 men) with T2DM on metformin monotherapy at baseline. The current report is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data collected July 2013 to August 2017.Compared with men, women had a higher mean body mass index (BMI), greater prevalence of severe obesity (BMI≥40 kg/m2), higher mean LDL cholesterol, greater prevalence of low HDL cholesterol, and were less likely to receive statin treatment and achieve target LDL, with a generally greater prevalence of these risk factors in younger women. Women with hypertension were equally likely to achieve blood pressure targets as men; however, women were less likely to receive ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Women were more likely to be divorced, separated or widowed, and had fewer years of education and lower incomes.This contemporary cohort demonstrates that women with T2DM continue to have a greater burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors than men, particularly younger women. Attention to these persisting disparities is needed to reduce the burden of CVD in women.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01794143).

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Published In

BMJ open diabetes research & care

DOI

EISSN

2052-4897

ISSN

2052-4897

Publication Date

April 2023

Volume

11

Issue

2

Start / End Page

e003159

Related Subject Headings

  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Risk Factors
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • 4206 Public health
  • 3202 Clinical sciences
 

Citation

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Gulanski, B. I., Butera, N. M., Krause-Steinrauf, H., Lichtman, J. H., Harindhanavudhi, T., Green, J. B., … GRADE Research Group, . (2023). Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, 11(2), e003159. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003159
Gulanski, Barbara I., Nicole M. Butera, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Judith H. Lichtman, Tasma Harindhanavudhi, Jennifer B. Green, Colleen E. Suratt, et al. “Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort.BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 11, no. 2 (April 2023): e003159. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003159.
Gulanski BI, Butera NM, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lichtman JH, Harindhanavudhi T, Green JB, et al. Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort. BMJ open diabetes research & care. 2023 Apr;11(2):e003159.
Gulanski, Barbara I., et al. “Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort.BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, vol. 11, no. 2, Apr. 2023, p. e003159. Epmc, doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003159.
Gulanski BI, Butera NM, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lichtman JH, Harindhanavudhi T, Green JB, Suratt CE, AbouAssi H, Desouza C, Ahmann AJ, Wexler DJ, Aroda VR, GRADE Research Group. Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort. BMJ open diabetes research & care. 2023 Apr;11(2):e003159.

Published In

BMJ open diabetes research & care

DOI

EISSN

2052-4897

ISSN

2052-4897

Publication Date

April 2023

Volume

11

Issue

2

Start / End Page

e003159

Related Subject Headings

  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Risk Factors
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • 4206 Public health
  • 3202 Clinical sciences