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Hyperarousal features in the sleep architecture of individuals with and without insomnia

Publication ,  Journal Article
Di Marco, T; Scammell, TE; Sadeghi, K; Datta, AN; Little, D; Tjiptarto, N; Djonlagic, I; Olivieri, A; Zammit, G; Krystal, A; Pathmanathan, J ...
Published in: Journal of Sleep Research
January 1, 2024

Sleep architecture encodes relevant information on the structure of sleep and has been used to assess hyperarousal in insomnia. This study investigated whether polysomnography-derived sleep architecture displays signs of hyperarousal in individuals with insomnia compared with individuals without insomnia. Data from Phase 3 clinical trials, private clinics and a cohort study were analysed. A comprehensive set of sleep architecture features previously associated with hyperarousal were retrospectively analysed focusing on sleep–wake transition probabilities, electroencephalographic spectra and sleep spindles, and enriched with a novel machine learning algorithm called the Wake Electroencephalographic Similarity Index. This analysis included 1710 individuals with insomnia and 1455 individuals without insomnia. Results indicate that individuals with insomnia had a higher likelihood of waking from all sleep stages, and showed increased relative alpha during Wake and N1 sleep and increased theta power during Wake when compared with individuals without insomnia. Relative delta power was decreased and Wake Electroencephalographic Similarity Index scores were elevated across all sleep stages except N3, suggesting more wake-like activity during these stages in individuals with insomnia. Additionally, sleep spindle density was decreased, and spindle dispersion was increased in individuals with insomnia. These findings suggest that insomnia is characterized by a dysfunction in sleep quality with a continuous hyperarousal, evidenced by changes in sleep–wake architecture.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Journal of Sleep Research

DOI

EISSN

1365-2869

ISSN

0962-1105

Publication Date

January 1, 2024

Related Subject Headings

  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • 52 Psychology
  • 32 Biomedical and clinical sciences
  • 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
  • 11 Medical and Health Sciences
 

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Di Marco, T., Scammell, T. E., Sadeghi, K., Datta, A. N., Little, D., Tjiptarto, N., … Dauvilliers, Y. (2024). Hyperarousal features in the sleep architecture of individuals with and without insomnia. Journal of Sleep Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14256
Journal cover image

Published In

Journal of Sleep Research

DOI

EISSN

1365-2869

ISSN

0962-1105

Publication Date

January 1, 2024

Related Subject Headings

  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • 52 Psychology
  • 32 Biomedical and clinical sciences
  • 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
  • 11 Medical and Health Sciences