Understanding Craniofacial Anomalies the Etiopathogenesis of Craniosynostoses and Facial Clefting
ENVIRONMENTAL ETIOLOGIES OF OROFACIAL CLEFTING AND CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
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, Chapter
Shashi, V; Hart, TC
January 1, 2003
In this chapter, environmental factors that are etiologically related to orofacial clefts and craniosynostoses are reviewed. We include a discussion of gene-environment interactions, which are currently incompletely understood in most cases. We provide summaries of data (human or animal or both) in instances where the evidence is conflicting or equivocal. We begin with a detailed discussion on the environmental etiologies of orofacial clefts.
Duke Scholars
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Shashi, V., & Hart, T. C. (2003). ENVIRONMENTAL ETIOLOGIES OF OROFACIAL CLEFTING AND CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS. In Understanding Craniofacial Anomalies the Etiopathogenesis of Craniosynostoses and Facial Clefting (pp. 163–205). https://doi.org/10.1002/0471221953.ch8
Shashi, V., and T. C. Hart. “ENVIRONMENTAL ETIOLOGIES OF OROFACIAL CLEFTING AND CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS.” In Understanding Craniofacial Anomalies the Etiopathogenesis of Craniosynostoses and Facial Clefting, 163–205, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471221953.ch8.
Shashi V, Hart TC. ENVIRONMENTAL ETIOLOGIES OF OROFACIAL CLEFTING AND CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS. In: Understanding Craniofacial Anomalies the Etiopathogenesis of Craniosynostoses and Facial Clefting. 2003. p. 163–205.
Shashi, V., and T. C. Hart. “ENVIRONMENTAL ETIOLOGIES OF OROFACIAL CLEFTING AND CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS.” Understanding Craniofacial Anomalies the Etiopathogenesis of Craniosynostoses and Facial Clefting, 2003, pp. 163–205. Scopus, doi:10.1002/0471221953.ch8.
Shashi V, Hart TC. ENVIRONMENTAL ETIOLOGIES OF OROFACIAL CLEFTING AND CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS. Understanding Craniofacial Anomalies the Etiopathogenesis of Craniosynostoses and Facial Clefting. 2003. p. 163–205.