Optical Coherence Tomography in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Retinopathy of prematurity is a vasoproliferative condition characterized by abnormal vascularization of the retina which may lead to tractional retinal detachment. Timely screening and treatment with laser and/or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents help prevent blindness. While bedside indirect ophthalmoscopy remains the gold standard for screening, optical coherence tomography has emerged as a new modality for understanding the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity, providing in-vivo monitoring, and evaluating subclinical findings. This chapter provides an overview of optical coherence tomography in retinopathy of prematurity, including available models and adjustments in the neonatal population, differences between preterm, term and adult foveal anatomy, current usages of optical coherence tomography in retinopathy of prematurity as well as descriptions of popcorn retinopathy, macular edema, vitreous bands on imaging.
