Skip to main content

A comparison of 2 influenza vaccine schedules in 6- to 23-month-old children.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Englund, JA; Walter, EB; Fairchok, MP; Monto, AS; Neuzil, KM
Published in: Pediatrics
April 2005

BACKGROUND: Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) is recommended for all children ages 6 to 23 months. Delivering 2 doses of TIV at least 4 weeks apart to young children receiving this vaccine for the first time is challenging. METHODS: We compared the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the standard 2-dose regimen of TIV administered in the fall with an early schedule of a single spring dose followed by a fall dose of the same vaccine in healthy toddlers 6 to 23 months of age. Children were recruited in the spring to be randomized into either the standard or early schedule. An additional group was also enrolled in the fall as part of a nonrandomized standard comparison group. The 2002-2003 licensed TIV was administered in the spring; the fall 2003-2004 vaccine contained the same 3 antigenic components. Reactogenicity was assessed by parental diaries and telephone surveillance. Blood was obtained after the second dose of TIV for all children. The primary outcome measure was antibody response to influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B after 2 doses of vaccine, as determined by hemagglutination-inhibition titers > or =1:32 and geometric mean titer (GMT). RESULTS: Two hundred nineteen children were randomized to receive either the standard or early TIV schedule; 40 additional children were enrolled in the fall in the nonrandomized standard group. Response rates in the combined standard versus early groups were similar overall: 78% (GMT: 48) vs 76% (GMT: 57) to H1N1, 89% (GMT: 115) vs 88% (GMT: 129) to H3N2, and 52% (GMT: 24) vs 60% (GMT: 28) to B. Reactogenicity after TIV in both groups of children was minimal and did not differ by dose, age, or time between doses. Reaction rates were higher in those receiving TIV and concomitant vaccines compared with those receiving TIV alone. Overall rates of fever >38 degrees C axillary and injection-site pain, redness, or swelling were 5.4%, 3.1%, 0.9%, and 1.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: When the spring and fall influenza vaccines had the same 3 antigenic components, the early vaccine schedule resulted in similar immunogenicity and reactogenicity compared with the standard schedule. When the vaccine components do not change between years, initiating influenza vaccine in the spring at the time of routine office visits would facilitate full immunization of children against influenza earlier in the season.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

Pediatrics

DOI

EISSN

1098-4275

Publication Date

April 2005

Volume

115

Issue

4

Start / End Page

1039 / 1047

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Pediatrics
  • Orthomyxoviridae
  • Male
  • Influenza Vaccines
  • Infant
  • Immunization Schedule
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • 52 Psychology
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Englund, J. A., Walter, E. B., Fairchok, M. P., Monto, A. S., & Neuzil, K. M. (2005). A comparison of 2 influenza vaccine schedules in 6- to 23-month-old children. Pediatrics, 115(4), 1039–1047. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-2373
Englund, Janet A., Emmanuel B. Walter, Mary P. Fairchok, Arnold S. Monto, and Kathleen M. Neuzil. “A comparison of 2 influenza vaccine schedules in 6- to 23-month-old children.Pediatrics 115, no. 4 (April 2005): 1039–47. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-2373.
Englund JA, Walter EB, Fairchok MP, Monto AS, Neuzil KM. A comparison of 2 influenza vaccine schedules in 6- to 23-month-old children. Pediatrics. 2005 Apr;115(4):1039–47.
Englund, Janet A., et al. “A comparison of 2 influenza vaccine schedules in 6- to 23-month-old children.Pediatrics, vol. 115, no. 4, Apr. 2005, pp. 1039–47. Pubmed, doi:10.1542/peds.2004-2373.
Englund JA, Walter EB, Fairchok MP, Monto AS, Neuzil KM. A comparison of 2 influenza vaccine schedules in 6- to 23-month-old children. Pediatrics. 2005 Apr;115(4):1039–1047.

Published In

Pediatrics

DOI

EISSN

1098-4275

Publication Date

April 2005

Volume

115

Issue

4

Start / End Page

1039 / 1047

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Pediatrics
  • Orthomyxoviridae
  • Male
  • Influenza Vaccines
  • Infant
  • Immunization Schedule
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • 52 Psychology