Astrocyte apoptosis induced by HIV-1 transactivation of the c-kit protooncogene.
HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system (CNS) frequently causes dementia and other neurological disorders. The mechanisms of CNS injury in HIV-1 infection are poorly understood. Apoptosis of neurons and astrocytes is induced by HIV-1 infection in vitro and in brain tissue from AIDS patients, but the apoptotic stimuli have not been identified. We report herein that HIV-1 infection of primary brain cultures induces the receptor tyrosine kinase protooncogene c-kit and that high levels of c-Kit expression are associated with astrocyte apoptosis. Overexpression of c-Kit in an astrocyte-derived cell line in the absence of HIV-1 induces rapid apoptotic death. The apoptotic mechanism requires the c-Kit tyrosine kinase domain. The mechanism of c-kit induction by HIV-1 involves transactivation of the c-kit promoter by the HIV-1 Nef protein. These studies demonstrate that c-Kit can induce astrocyte apoptosis and suggest that this mechanism may play a role in CNS injury caused by HIV-1 infection. We propose that c-Kit can serve dual functions as a growth factor receptor or apoptosis inducer.
Duke Scholars
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- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
- Humans
- HIV-1
- HIV Infections
- Cells, Cultured
- Astrocytes
- Apoptosis
Citation
Published In
DOI
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
- Humans
- HIV-1
- HIV Infections
- Cells, Cultured
- Astrocytes
- Apoptosis