Long-term efficacy and safety of Zotarolimus-eluting stent in patients with diabetes mellitus: pooled 5-year results from the ENDEAVOR III and IV trials.

OBJECTIVE: To assess long-term outcomes of Endeavor Zotarolimus-eluting stent (E-ZES) implantation in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). BACKGROUND: Patients with DM and coronary artery disease have lower restenosis with drug-eluting stent (DES) compared with bare-metal stents. Recent data suggest that the E-ZES is inferior to other DES in this population. METHODS: Patient-level data for 601 patients with DM from the ENDEAVOR III and ENDEAVOR IV trials were pooled, of which 337 were treated with E-ZES and 264 were treated with other DES. The primary outcome was target vessel failure (TVF) in the course of 5 years. Outcomes are reported as rates using Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival method and differences between E-ZES and other stent types (sirolimus-eluting stent or paclitaxel-eluting stent) were compared using the log-rank statistic. The independent effect of stent type on TVF was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. Five-year TVF KM rate estimate was numerically lower for E-ZES, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (20.2 vs. 26.9%, P = 0.065). The 5-year KM rate estimates of major adverse cardiac events (17.7 vs. 26.6%, P = 0.012), death (7.6 vs. 15.0%, P = 0.004), and myocardial infarction (1.3 vs. 5.1%, P = 0.011) were also lower for E-ZES versus other DES. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with DM implanted with E-ZES have favorable long-term outcomes compared to first-generation DES. Long-term performance of DES should be assessed routinely and may differ from initial performance.

Duke Scholars

Author Michael J Pencina Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Division of Biostatistics