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Initial Invasive Versus Conservative Management of Stable Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients With a History of Heart Failure or Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Insights From the ISCHEMIA Trial.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Lopes, RD; Alexander, KP; Stevens, SR; Reynolds, HR; Stone, GW; Piña, IL; Rockhold, FW; Elghamaz, A; Lopez-Sendon, JL; Farsky, PS; Diaz, A ...
Published in: Circulation
November 3, 2020

BACKGROUND: Whether an initial invasive strategy in patients with stable ischemic heart disease and at least moderate ischemia improves outcomes in the setting of a history of heart failure (HF) or left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) when ejection fraction is ≥35% but <45% is unknown. METHODS: Among 5179 participants randomized into ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches), all of whom had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥35%, we compared cardiovascular outcomes by treatment strategy in participants with a history of HF/LVD at baseline versus those without HF/LVD. Median follow-up was 3.2 years. RESULTS: There were 398 (7.7%) participants with HF/LVD at baseline, of whom 177 had HF/LVEF >45%, 28 HF/LVEF 35% to 45%, and 193 LVEF 35% to 45% but no history of HF. HF/LVD was associated with more comorbidities at baseline, particularly previous myocardial infarction, stroke, and hypertension. Compared with patients without HF/LVD, participants with HF/LVD were more likely to experience a primary outcome composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, HF, or resuscitated cardiac arrest (4-year cumulative incidence rate, 22.7% versus 13.8%; cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction, 19.7% versus 12.3%; and all-cause death or HF, 15.0% versus 6.9%). Participants with HF/LVD randomized to the invasive versus conservative strategy had a lower rate of the primary outcome (17.2% versus 29.3%; difference in 4-year event rate, -12.1% [95% CI, -22.6 to -1.6%]), whereas those without HF/LVD did not (13.0% versus 14.6%; difference in 4-year event rate, -1.6% [95% CI, -3.8% to 0.7%]; P interaction = 0.055). A similar differential effect was seen for the primary outcome, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality when invasive versus conservative strategy-associated outcomes were analyzed with LVEF as a continuous variable for patients with and without previous HF. CONCLUSIONS: ISCHEMIA participants with stable ischemic heart disease and at least moderate ischemia with a history of HF or LVD were at increased risk for the primary outcome. In the small, high-risk subgroup with HF and LVEF 35% to 45%, an initial invasive approach was associated with better event-free survival. This result should be considered hypothesis-generating. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01471522.

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Published In

Circulation

DOI

EISSN

1524-4539

Publication Date

November 3, 2020

Volume

142

Issue

18

Start / End Page

1725 / 1735

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
  • Survival Rate
  • Risk Factors
  • Myocardial Infarction
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Heart Failure
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Female
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Lopes, R. D., Alexander, K. P., Stevens, S. R., Reynolds, H. R., Stone, G. W., Piña, I. L., … Maron, D. J. (2020). Initial Invasive Versus Conservative Management of Stable Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients With a History of Heart Failure or Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Insights From the ISCHEMIA Trial. Circulation, 142(18), 1725–1735. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050304
Lopes, Renato D., Karen P. Alexander, Susanna R. Stevens, Harmony R. Reynolds, Gregg W. Stone, Ileana L. Piña, Frank W. Rockhold, et al. “Initial Invasive Versus Conservative Management of Stable Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients With a History of Heart Failure or Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Insights From the ISCHEMIA Trial.Circulation 142, no. 18 (November 3, 2020): 1725–35. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050304.
Lopes, Renato D., et al. “Initial Invasive Versus Conservative Management of Stable Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients With a History of Heart Failure or Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Insights From the ISCHEMIA Trial.Circulation, vol. 142, no. 18, Nov. 2020, pp. 1725–35. Pubmed, doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050304.
Lopes RD, Alexander KP, Stevens SR, Reynolds HR, Stone GW, Piña IL, Rockhold FW, Elghamaz A, Lopez-Sendon JL, Farsky PS, Chernyavskiy AM, Diaz A, Phaneuf D, De Belder MA, Ma Y-T, Guzman LA, Khouri M, Sionis A, Hausenloy DJ, Doerr R, Selvanayagam JB, Maggioni AP, Hochman JS, Maron DJ. Initial Invasive Versus Conservative Management of Stable Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients With a History of Heart Failure or Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Insights From the ISCHEMIA Trial. Circulation. 2020 Nov 3;142(18):1725–1735.

Published In

Circulation

DOI

EISSN

1524-4539

Publication Date

November 3, 2020

Volume

142

Issue

18

Start / End Page

1725 / 1735

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
  • Survival Rate
  • Risk Factors
  • Myocardial Infarction
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Heart Failure
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Female