Journal ArticleNeuron · September 6, 2023
Programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 constitute an immune checkpoint pathway. We report that neuronal PD-1 signaling regulates learning/memory in health and disease. Mice lacking PD-1 (encoded by Pdcd1) exhibit enhanced long-term potentia ...
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Journal ArticleExp Brain Res · September 2022
The treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in military populations is hindered by underreporting and underdiagnosis. Clinical symptoms and outcomes may be mitigated with an effective pre-injury prophylaxis. This study evaluates whether CN-105, a 5-amino ...
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Journal ArticleNeurospine · September 2022
Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) can be a devastating and costly event for individuals, their families, and the health system as a whole. Prognosis is heavily dependent on the physical extent of the injury and the severity of neurological dysfuncti ...
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Journal ArticleNeurospine · September 2022
Physical rehabilitation is essential for enhancing recovery in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI); however, aside from early surgical intervention and hemodynamic management, there are no proven interventions for promoting recovery in the acute phas ...
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Journal ArticleClin Ther · May 2022
PURPOSE: CN-105 is an IV, apolipoprotein E-mimetic pentapeptide. Preclinical studies have reported that CN-105 effectively down-regulates neuroinflammatory responses in microglia and mitigates neuronal excitotoxicity following acute brain injury. The CN-10 ...
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Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · October 2021
BACKGROUND: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of cerebrovascular disease for which there are no approved pharmacological interventions that improve outcomes. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target given its ...
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Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · June 2021
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: In recent years, the noble gas argon (Ar) has been extensively studied for its organ protection properties. While mounting in vitro and in vivo evidence indicates that argon provides neuroprotection in ischemic brain injury, its neuro ...
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Journal ArticleMicrosyst Nanoeng · 2021
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global cause of morbidity and mortality. Initial management and risk stratification of patients with TBI is made difficult by the relative insensitivity of screening radiographic studies as well as by the absence of a wide ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neuroinflammation · June 20, 2020
BACKGROUND: Appropriately modulating inflammation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may prevent disabilities for the millions of those inflicted annually. In TBI, cellular mediators of inflammation, including macrophages and microglia, possess a range of ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · April 20, 2020
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · April 15, 2020
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is characterized pathologically by Aβ plaques. Current treatments are purely symptomatic despite decades of intensive research interest. Notably, patients with the APOE4 allele are at increas ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotherapeutics · April 2020
Over the last few decades, increasing evidence demonstrates that the neuroinflammatory response is a double-edged sword. Although overly robust inflammatory responses may exacerbate secondary tissue injury, inflammatory processes are ultimately necessary f ...
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Journal ArticleNeurochem Res · August 2019
In our recent study, we observed consistent increases in miR-124-3p levels in exosomes derived from cultured BV2 microglia which was treated with repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI) mouse model brain extracts. To clarify the mechanisms underlying incr ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurotrauma · April 15, 2019
Our recent articles have reported that increased miR-21-5p in brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI) could improve the neurological outcome through alleviating blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. miR-21-3p is another mature miRNA derived from pre-miR-21 af ...
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Journal ArticleStroke Vasc Neurol · December 2018
OBJECTIVE: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 3% of all strokes, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. There is growing evidence implicating apolipoprotein E (apoE) in mediating adaptive anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · October 15, 2018
Pyroptosis is a highly specific type of inflammatory programmed cell death that different from necrosis or apoptosis. It is initiated by cellular detection of acute damage via recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by NOD-like receptors ...
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Journal ArticleFASEB J · January 2018
Neuronal inflammation is the characteristic pathologic change of acute neurologic impairment and chronic traumatic encephalopathy after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inhibiting the excessive inflammatory response is essential for improving the neurologic o ...
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Journal ArticleWorld J Crit Care Med · May 4, 2017
AIM: To address the hypothesis that young, gonad-intact female mice have improved long-term recovery associated with decreased neuroinflammation compared to male mice. METHODS: Eight to ten week-old male, female, and ovariectomized (OVX) mice underwent clo ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · April 21, 2017
At present, there are no proven pharmacological treatments demonstrated to improve long term functional outcomes following traumatic brain injury(TBI). In the setting of non-penetrating TBI, sterile brain inflammatory responses are associated with the deve ...
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Journal ArticleNeuron · September 6, 2023
Programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 constitute an immune checkpoint pathway. We report that neuronal PD-1 signaling regulates learning/memory in health and disease. Mice lacking PD-1 (encoded by Pdcd1) exhibit enhanced long-term potentia ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleExp Brain Res · September 2022
The treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in military populations is hindered by underreporting and underdiagnosis. Clinical symptoms and outcomes may be mitigated with an effective pre-injury prophylaxis. This study evaluates whether CN-105, a 5-amino ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleNeurospine · September 2022
Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) can be a devastating and costly event for individuals, their families, and the health system as a whole. Prognosis is heavily dependent on the physical extent of the injury and the severity of neurological dysfuncti ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleNeurospine · September 2022
Physical rehabilitation is essential for enhancing recovery in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI); however, aside from early surgical intervention and hemodynamic management, there are no proven interventions for promoting recovery in the acute phas ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleClin Ther · May 2022
PURPOSE: CN-105 is an IV, apolipoprotein E-mimetic pentapeptide. Preclinical studies have reported that CN-105 effectively down-regulates neuroinflammatory responses in microglia and mitigates neuronal excitotoxicity following acute brain injury. The CN-10 ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · October 2021
BACKGROUND: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of cerebrovascular disease for which there are no approved pharmacological interventions that improve outcomes. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target given its ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · June 2021
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: In recent years, the noble gas argon (Ar) has been extensively studied for its organ protection properties. While mounting in vitro and in vivo evidence indicates that argon provides neuroprotection in ischemic brain injury, its neuro ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleMicrosyst Nanoeng · 2021
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global cause of morbidity and mortality. Initial management and risk stratification of patients with TBI is made difficult by the relative insensitivity of screening radiographic studies as well as by the absence of a wide ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Neuroinflammation · June 20, 2020
BACKGROUND: Appropriately modulating inflammation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may prevent disabilities for the millions of those inflicted annually. In TBI, cellular mediators of inflammation, including macrophages and microglia, possess a range of ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleSci Rep · April 20, 2020
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleBrain Res · April 15, 2020
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is characterized pathologically by Aβ plaques. Current treatments are purely symptomatic despite decades of intensive research interest. Notably, patients with the APOE4 allele are at increas ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleNeurotherapeutics · April 2020
Over the last few decades, increasing evidence demonstrates that the neuroinflammatory response is a double-edged sword. Although overly robust inflammatory responses may exacerbate secondary tissue injury, inflammatory processes are ultimately necessary f ...
Full textOpen AccessLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleNeurochem Res · August 2019
In our recent study, we observed consistent increases in miR-124-3p levels in exosomes derived from cultured BV2 microglia which was treated with repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI) mouse model brain extracts. To clarify the mechanisms underlying incr ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Neurotrauma · April 15, 2019
Our recent articles have reported that increased miR-21-5p in brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI) could improve the neurological outcome through alleviating blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. miR-21-3p is another mature miRNA derived from pre-miR-21 af ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleStroke Vasc Neurol · December 2018
OBJECTIVE: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 3% of all strokes, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. There is growing evidence implicating apolipoprotein E (apoE) in mediating adaptive anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleBrain Res · October 15, 2018
Pyroptosis is a highly specific type of inflammatory programmed cell death that different from necrosis or apoptosis. It is initiated by cellular detection of acute damage via recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by NOD-like receptors ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleFASEB J · January 2018
Neuronal inflammation is the characteristic pathologic change of acute neurologic impairment and chronic traumatic encephalopathy after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inhibiting the excessive inflammatory response is essential for improving the neurologic o ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleWorld J Crit Care Med · May 4, 2017
AIM: To address the hypothesis that young, gonad-intact female mice have improved long-term recovery associated with decreased neuroinflammation compared to male mice. METHODS: Eight to ten week-old male, female, and ovariectomized (OVX) mice underwent clo ...
Full textOpen AccessLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleSci Rep · April 21, 2017
At present, there are no proven pharmacological treatments demonstrated to improve long term functional outcomes following traumatic brain injury(TBI). In the setting of non-penetrating TBI, sterile brain inflammatory responses are associated with the deve ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAnn Clin Transl Neurol · April 2017
OBJECTIVE: At present, the absence of a pharmacological neuroprotectant represents an important unmet clinical need in the treatment of ischemic and traumatic brain injury. Recent evidence suggests that administration of apolipoprotein E mimetic therapies ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · October 7, 2016
Presently, no pharmacological treatments have been demonstrated to improve long-term functional outcomes following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Clinical evidence associates apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotype with ICH incidence and outcome. While apoE modi ...
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Journal ArticleStroke Vasc Neurol · September 2016
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation (SUMOylation) is a post-translational protein modification that modulates almost all major cellular processes, and has been implicated in many human diseases. A growing body of evidence from in vitro and in ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Kidney Dis · July 2016
BACKGROUND: The kidney-brain interaction has been a topic of growing interest. Past studies of the effect of kidney function on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes have yielded inconsistent findings. Although the second, main phase of the Intensive Blo ...
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ConferenceNeuroendocrinology · 2016
In models of acute brain injury, progesterone improves recovery through several mechanisms including modulation of neuroinflammation. Secondary injury from neuroinflammation is a potential therapeutic target after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). For potent ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · April 7, 2015
Our recent studies have identified increased expression of miR-21 in brain following traumatic brain injury (TBI), which alleviated brain edema that related to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage. To analyze the potential effect of miR-21 on secondary BB ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neuroimmunol · November 15, 2014
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) may improve neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). IVIG administration after TBI improved rotarod latencies over the first 7 days (p=0.039) and water maze latencies over 29-32 days (p=0.027), decreased F4/80 ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · October 24, 2014
The expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) including miR-21, have been reported to change in response to traumatic brain injury (TBI), suggesting that they may influence the pathophysiological process in brain injury. To analyze the potential effect of mi ...
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Journal ArticleJ Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · October 2014
BACKGROUND: Stroke Prognostication using Age and NIH (National Institutes of Health) Stroke Scale (SPAN)-100 is a simple and easy-to-use tool for assessing the outcomes of ischemic stroke after thrombolysis. To explore its application, we evaluated SPAN-10 ...
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Journal ArticleJ Vis Exp · July 3, 2014
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common form of cerebrovascular disease and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Lack of effective treatment and failure of large clinical trials aimed at hemostasis and clot removal demonstrate the nee ...
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Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · February 2014
BACKGROUND: Despite intensive research, neurological morbidity from delayed cerebral ischemia remains common after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the current study, we evaluate the neuroprotective effects of a pH-dependent GluN2B subunit-sele ...
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Journal ArticleDiabetes Care · 2014
OBJECTIVE We aim to explore whether a link exists between different levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and poor outcomes of acute stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Between 2007 and 2009, 6,261 patients ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neuroinflammation · August 20, 2013
BACKGROUND: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating stroke subtype characterized by a prominent neuroinflammatory response. Antagonism of pro-inflammatory cytokines by specific antibodies represents a compelling therapeutic strategy to improve neur ...
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Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · August 2013
BACKGROUND: Use of antiepileptic drugs (AED's) is common in the neurocritical care setting. However, there remains a great deal of controversy regarding the optimal agent. Studies associating the prophylactic use of AED's with poor outcomes are heavily bia ...
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Journal ArticleExp Neurol · March 2013
Growing clinical evidence implicates isoform-specific effects of apolipoprotein E (apoE) in reducing neuroinflammation and mediating adaptive responses following ischemic and traumatic brain injury. However, the intact apoE holoprotein does not cross the b ...
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Journal ArticleJ Endourol · November 2012
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In this study, we investigated the potential of a new class of therapeutic Mn porphyrins as molecular MRI probes for prostate cancer imaging. Two compounds of different bioavailibility were investigated: Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-ethy ...
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Journal ArticleAnesthesiology · June 2012
BACKGROUND: Microglial inhibition may reduce secondary tissue injury and improve functional outcome following acute brain injury. Utilizing clinically relevant murine models of traumatic brain injury and intracerebral hemorrhage, neuroinflammatory response ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurotrauma · May 1, 2012
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are leading causes of neurological mortality and disability in the U.S. However, therapeutic options are limited and clinical management remains largely supportive. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor ...
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Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · April 2012
BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein E has previously been demonstrated to modulate acute brain injury responses, and administration of COG1410, an apoE-mimetic peptide derived from the receptor-binding region of apoE, improves outcome in preclinical models of acute ...
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Journal ArticleMol Ther · February 2012
Millions of individuals are prescribed platelet inhibitors, such as aspirin and clopidogrel, to reduce their risk of thrombosis-related clinical events. Unfortunately many platelet inhibitors are contraindicated in surgical settings because of their inhere ...
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Journal ArticleJ Endourol · November 3, 2011
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In this study, we investigated the potential of a new class of therapeutic Mn porphyrins as molecular MRI probes for prostate cancer imaging. Two compounds of different bioavailibility were investigated: Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-ethy ...
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Journal ArticleOligonucleotides · February 2011
Treatment of acute ischemic stroke with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator is underutilized partly due to the risk of life-threatening hemorrhage. In response to the clinical need for safer stroke therapy, we explored using an aptamer-based ther ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurotrauma · November 2010
Cognitive impairment is common following traumatic brain injury (TBI), and neuroinflammatory mechanisms may predispose to the development of neurodegenerative disease. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphisms modify neuroinflammatory responses, and influence ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroscience · August 11, 2010
A central issue in the pathogenesis of tauopathy is the question of how tau protein dysfunction leads to neurodegeneration. We have previously demonstrated that the absence of tau protein is associated with destabilization of microtubules and impaired neur ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurotrauma · January 2010
There is emerging evidence to suggest that brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is elevated after acute brain injury, and that it may play an adaptive role in recovery through augmentation of cerebral blood flow (CBF). Through a series of experiments, we tested ...
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Journal ArticleAnaesth Intensive Care · January 2009
In this study, we assessed whether apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism affects inflammatory responses and mortality in the caecal ligation and puncture model of peritonitis. In addition, we determined the effects of APOE mimetic peptide administration in ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurotrauma · July 2007
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a silent epidemic affecting approximately 1.4 million Americans annually, at an estimated annual cost of $60 billion in the United States alone. Despite an increased understanding of the pathophysiology of closed head injury ...
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Journal ArticleExp Neurol · July 2007
The treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains limited, and aside from surgical hematoma evacuation, clinical management is largely supportive and directed toward management of cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension. Secondary neuronal injury ...
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Journal ArticleNeurol Res · April 2007
Recent evidence demonstrates that apolipoprotein E (apoE) influences the central nervous system (CNS) response to both acute and chronic injury. To address the mechanisms by which apoE influences neurological disease, we examined differential gene expressi ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroscience · February 23, 2007
Apolipoprotein E (apoE) modifies glial activation and the CNS inflammatory response in an isoform-specific manner. Peptides derived from the receptor-binding region of apoE have been demonstrated to maintain the functional activity of the intact protein, a ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosurg Focus · September 15, 2006
OBJECT: The efficacy of nimodipine was examined in a murine model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). End points included the diameter of the lumen of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and behavioral outcome. An apolipoprotein E (apoE)-mimetic peptide, acetyl ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · February 15, 2006
Closed head injury induces cerebral oxidative stress. The efficacy of a Mn (III) porphyrin catalytic antioxidant was assessed in a mouse closed head injury model. Mice were subjected to closed head injury and treated 15 min later with an i.v. bolus of vehi ...
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Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · 2006
INTRODUCTION: Recent clinical observations demonstrate that the APOE4 genotype increases the development of delayed ischemic deficit and worsens prognosis following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the current study, we use targeted replacement ...
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Journal ArticleNeurocrit Care · 2006
OBJECTIVES: Prophylactic treatment with antiepileptic drugs is common practice following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and traumatic brain injury. However, commonly used antiepileptic drugs have multiple drug interactions, require frequent monitoring of se ...
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Journal ArticleStroke · September 2005
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral vasospasm remains a major source of morbidity after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We demonstrate that simvastatin reduces serum markers of brain injury and attenuates vasospasm after SAH. METHODS: Patients with ...
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Journal ArticleExp Neurol · March 2005
Although apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) was initially identified as a susceptibility gene for the development of Alzheimer's disease, the presence of the APOE4 allele is also associated with poor outcome after acute brain injury. One mechanism by which apoE may ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurotrauma · May 2004
The purpose of this study was to develop a minimally invasive recovery model of spinal cord injury in the C57Bl/6J mouse. Without laminectomy, the epidural space was exposed by disruption of the T10-T11 interspinous ligament. Perpendicular to the rostral-c ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biol Chem · December 5, 2003
Human apolipoprotein E is the major apolipoprotein expressed in the brain and exists as three isoforms, designated E2, E3, and E4. Although evidence suggests that apolipoprotein E plays an important role in modifying systemic and brain inflammatory respons ...
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