Scholars@Duke
Julian T Hertz

Julian T Hertz

Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine
Emergency Medicine

Selected Publications

The prevalence of HIV among patients with cardiovascular disease in a Tanzanian emergency department: results from a prospective observational study.

Journal Article AIDS Care · December 15, 2025 OBJECTIVES: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) face double the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to others. We assessed HIV prevalence among patients presenting to a Tanzanian emergency department (ED) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or hear ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adapting an intervention to improve hypertension care for adults with HIV in Tanzania: Co-design of the Community Health Worker Optimization of Antihypertensive Care in HIV (COACH) intervention.

Journal Article medRxiv · November 27, 2025 INTRODUCTION: There is a large burden of uncontrolled hypertension among people with HIV (PWH) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including in Tanzania. Yet, few evidence-based interventions to improve hypertension control have been adapted for use in PWH in thi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Acute myocardial infarction diagnosis and treatment following implementation of a multicomponent intervention in Tanzania: the MIMIC pilot trial.

Journal Article BMJ Open · November 11, 2025 BACKGROUND: In Tanzania, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is underdiagnosed, and uptake of evidence-based care is suboptimal. Using an implementation science approach, an intervention was developed to address local barriers to care: the Multicomponent Int ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing Maternal Breastfeeding Plans and Perceived Barriers to Optimal Breastfeeding in Kumasi, Ghana.

Journal Article Birth · September 18, 2025 INTRODUCTION: Despite overwhelming evidence of the benefits of breastfeeding (BF) and its potential to decrease infant mortality, BF rates are low in many low- and middle-income countries like Ghana. We sought to assess Ghanaian mothers' BF plans and their ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sustainability and normalization of an intervention to improve evidence-based myocardial infarction care in Tanzania.

Journal Article Res Sq · August 29, 2025 BACKGROUND: The Multicomponent Intervention to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Care (MIMIC) was developed to address gaps in AMI diagnosis and treatment in northern Tanzania. Although initial implementation was promising, many quality improvement inter ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The burden of multimorbidity-associated acute hospital admissions in Malawi and Tanzania: a prospective multicentre cohort study.

Journal Article Lancet Glob Health · July 2025 BACKGROUND: The global burden of multimorbidity-the coexistence of two or more long-term conditions-is increasing. Limited access to primary care in sub-Saharan Africa means acute hospital admission is often the sentinel multimorbidity presentation. This p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Healthcare utilisation for febrile diseases in northern Tanzania: a randomised population-based cluster survey.

Journal Article BMJ Glob Health · March 6, 2025 BACKGROUND: We conducted a randomised population-based cluster survey in northern Tanzania to assess care-seeking behaviours in the context of a febrile illness. Our objectives were to determine the most effective points for intervention during initial fev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute coronary syndrome prevalence and outcomes in a Tanzanian emergency department: Results from a prospective surveillance study.

Journal Article Afr J Emerg Med · March 2025 BACKGROUND: Preliminary data suggests that the burden of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is high in Tanzania. After efforts to improve ACS care, we sought to describe ACS diagnosis rates, care processes, and outcomes in a Tanzanian Emergency Department (ED). ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognosis of patients with nonspecific electrocardiogram findings in a Tanzanian emergency department.

Journal Article Am Heart J · March 2025 BACKGROUND: Nonspecific electrocardiogram (ECG) findings are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in high-income settings. ECGs are increasingly available in emergency departments (EDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), however the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sepsis in Northern Tanzania: A Prospective Observational Study of Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes for Adolescents and Adults With Sepsis.

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · January 2025 BACKGROUND: Despite a high burden of sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa, clinical data for adolescent and adult sepsis in this setting are limited. We sought to describe clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes in adolescents and adults with sepsis in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementation Outcomes of an Intervention to Improve Myocardial Infarction Care in Tanzania.

Journal Article Ann Glob Health · 2025 Background: Uptake of evidence-based care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is limited in Tanzania. To address this, a tailored intervention, the Multicomponent Intervention to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Care (MIMIC), was co-designed by an int ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acceptability and feasibility of a multicomponent intervention to improve acute myocardial infarction care in Northern Tanzania: The MIMIC pilot trial.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2025 BACKGROUND: The Multicomponent Intervention to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Care (MIMIC) was developed to increase the uptake of evidence-based care for acute myocardial infarction in Tanzania. MIMIC consists of five components: triage cards, pocket ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acceptability and Feasibility of a Multicomponent Intervention to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Care in Northern Tanzania: the MIMIC Pilot Trial.

Journal Article medRxiv · December 16, 2024 BACKGROUND: The Multicomponent Intervention to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Care (MIMIC) was developed to increase uptake of evidence-based care for acute myocardial infarction in Tanzania. MIMIC consists of five components: triage cards, pocket car ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multicomponent Intervention to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Care in Tanzania: Protocol for a Pilot Implementation Trial.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · September 24, 2024 BACKGROUND: Although the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is rising in sub-Saharan Africa, the uptake of evidence-based care for the diagnosis and treatment of AMI is limited throughout the region. In Tanzania, studies have revealed common mi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating the performance of the HEART score in a Tanzanian emergency department.

Journal Article Acad Emerg Med · April 2024 OBJECTIVE: The HEART score successfully risk stratifies emergency department (ED) patients with chest pain in high-income settings. However, this tool has not been validated in low-income countries. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective ob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving acute myocardial infarction care in northern Tanzania: barrier identification and implementation strategy mapping.

Journal Article BMC Health Serv Res · March 28, 2024 BACKGROUND: Evidence-based care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reduces morbidity and mortality. Prior studies in Tanzania identified substantial gaps in the uptake of evidence-based AMI care. Implementation science has been used to improve uptake of ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Patient and provider perspectives on barriers to myocardial infarction care among persons with human immunodeficiency virus in Tanzania: A qualitative study.

Journal Article Int J STD AIDS · January 2024 INTRODUCTION: People with HIV (PLWH) have an increased risk myocardial infarction (MI), and evidence suggests that MI is under-diagnosed in Tanzania. However, little is known about barriers to MI care among PLWH in the region. METHODS: In this qualitative ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adapting an Intervention to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Care in Tanzania: Co-Design of the MIMIC Intervention.

Journal Article Ann Glob Health · 2024 BACKGROUND: Uptake of evidence-based care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is suboptimal in Tanzania, but there are currently no published interventions to improve AMI care in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVES: Co-design a quality improvement interventio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Provider attitudes towards quality improvement for myocardial infarction care in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2024 INTRODUCTION: Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. In high income countries, quality improvement strategies have played an important role in increasing uptake of evidence-based MI care and improving MI outcomes. The incidence o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with symptomatic chronic myocardial injury in a Tanzanian emergency department: A prospective observational study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 BACKGROUND: Chronic myocardial injury is a condition defined by stably elevated cardiac biomarkers without acute myocardial ischemia. Although studies from high-income countries have reported that chronic myocardial injury predicts adverse prognosis, there ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Community Health Worker Optimization of Antihypertensive Care in HIV (COACH): Study protocol for a pilot trial of an intervention to improve hypertension care among Tanzanians with HIV.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 OBJECTIVE: This study will evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the COACH (Community Health Worker Optimization of Antihypertensive Care in HIV) intervention, which integrates hypertension management into existing HIV care for people l ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Six month incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events among adults with HIV in northern Tanzania: a prospective observational study.

Journal Article BMJ Open · November 19, 2023 OBJECTIVES: We aimed to prospectively describe incident cardiovascular events among people living with HIV (PLWH) in northern Tanzania. Secondary aims of this study were to understand non-communicable disease care-seeking behaviour and patient preferences ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of Virtual Interactive Patient Encounters to Prepare First-Year Medical Students for Clinical Practice.

Journal Article Acad Med · October 1, 2023 PROBLEM: With the dissolution of the Step 2 Clinical Skills exam, medical programs have a greater responsibility to teach and assess clinical skills in the preclerkship years. Clinical teaching this early has traditionally been avoided because of insuffici ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antibacterial Utilization for Febrile Illnesses and Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infections in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · August 2023 BACKGROUND: We describe antibacterial use in light of microbiology data and treatment guidelines for common febrile syndromes in Moshi, Tanzania. METHODS: We compared data from 2 hospital-based prospective cohort studies, cohort 1 (2011-2014) and cohort 2 ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Hypertension in an Emergency Department Population in Moshi, Tanzania; A Qualitative Study of Barriers to Hypertension Control.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2023 BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa has a high prevalence of hypertension with a low rate of awareness, treatment adherence, and control. The emergency department (ED) may represent a unique opportunity to improve hypertension screening, awareness, and linkage ... Full text Link to item Cite

Six-month blood pressure and glucose control among HIV-infected adults with elevated blood pressure and hyperglycemia in northern Tanzania: A prospective observational study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2023 BACKGROUND: People with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa are increasingly developing age-related comorbidities. The purpose of this prospective observational study was to describe 6-month outcomes among Tanzanians with HIV and elevated blood pressure or hyperglyc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Six-month incidence of hypertension and diabetes among adults with HIV in Tanzania: A prospective cohort study.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2023 Data describing the incidence of hypertension and diabetes among people with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa remain sparse. In this study, adults with HIV were enrolled from a public clinic in Moshi, Tanzania (September 2020-March 2021). At enrollment, a survey ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal ECG changes among adults with HIV in Tanzania: A prospective cohort study.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2023 The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is rising among people with HIV (PWH) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Despite the utility of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in screening for CVD, there is limited data regarding longitudinal ECG changes among PWH in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and predictors of uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, and obesity among adults with HIV in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Glob Public Health · December 2022 HIV is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but there has been less study of cardiovascular comorbidities among people with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. In a cross-sectional observational study, Tanzanian adults presenting for outpatient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Healthcare-seeking behaviour, barriers to care and predictors of symptom improvement among patients with cardiovascular disease in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Int Health · July 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Little is known about healthcare-seeking behaviour and barriers to care for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: Emergency department patients in Tanzania with acute CVD were prospectively enrolled. Questionnaires were a ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Facility-based disease surveillance and Bayesian hierarchical modeling to estimate endemic typhoid fever incidence, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania, 2007-2018.

Journal Article PLoS Negl Trop Dis · July 2022 Growing evidence suggests considerable variation in endemic typhoid fever incidence at some locations over time, yet few settings have multi-year incidence estimates to inform typhoid control measures. We sought to describe a decade of typhoid fever incide ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

One-Year Outcomes and Factors Associated With Mortality Following Acute Myocardial Infarction in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes · April 2022 BACKGROUND: Little is known about long-term outcomes and uptake of secondary preventative therapies following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: Consecutive patients presenting with AMI (as defined by the Fourth Universal Def ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and Correlates of Ischemic ECG Findings among Adults With and Without HIV in Tanzania.

Journal Article Glob Heart · 2022 INTRODUCTION: HIV confers increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI), but there has been little study of ischemic electrocardiogram (ECG) findings among people with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of ischemic ECG findings ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hypertension among adults enrolled in HIV care in northern Tanzania: comorbidities, cardiovascular risk, and knowledge, attitudes and practices.

Journal Article Pan Afr Med J · 2022 CITE THIS ARTICLE: Preeti Manavalan et al. Hypertension among adults enrolled in HIV care in northern Tanzania: comorbidities, cardiovascular risk, and knowledge, attitudes and practices. Pan African Medical Journal. 2022;41(285). 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.285 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence Estimates of Acute Q Fever and Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, from 2007 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2014.

Journal Article Am J Trop Med Hyg · December 20, 2021 Q fever and spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR) are common causes of severe febrile illness in northern Tanzania. Incidence estimates are needed to characterize the disease burden. Using hybrid surveillance-coupling case-finding at two referral hospit ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices regarding ischemic heart disease among HIV-positive individuals in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Trop Med Int Health · December 2021 OBJECTIVES: To describe knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding ischemic heart disease (IHD) among adults with HIV in Tanzania. METHODS: Adults presenting for routine HIV care at a clinic in northern Tanzania were consecutively enrolled and wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

The prevalence, management, and thirty-day outcomes of symptomatic atrial fibrillation in a Tanzanian emergency department.

Journal Article Afr J Emerg Med · December 2021 INTRODUCTION: Data describing atrial fibrillation (AF) care in emergency centres (ECs) in sub-Saharan Africa is lacking. We sought to describe the prevalence and outcomes of AF in a Tanzanian EC. METHODS: In a prospective, observational study, adults prese ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Thirty-day outcomes and predictors of mortality following acute myocardial infarction in northern Tanzania: A prospective observational cohort study.

Journal Article Int J Cardiol · November 1, 2021 OBJECTIVE: There is a rising burden of myocardial infarction (MI) within sub-Saharan Africa. Prospective studies of detailed MI outcomes in the region are lacking. METHODS: Adult patients with confirmed MI from a prospective surveillance study in northern ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Northern Tanzania: A Modeling Approach Within a Prospective Observational Study.

Journal Article J Am Heart Assoc · August 3, 2021 Background Rigorous incidence data for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in sub-Saharan Africa are lacking. Consequently, modeling studies based on limited data have suggested that the burden of AMI and AMI-associated mortality in sub-Saharan Africa is low ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Ideal high sensitivity troponin baseline cutoff for patients with renal dysfunction.

Journal Article Am J Emerg Med · August 2021 OBJECTIVE: High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays (hs-cTn) aid in diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). These assays have lower specificity for non-ST Elevation MI (NSTEMI) in patients with renal disease. Our objective was to determine an optimized cu ... Full text Link to item Cite

The genomic epidemiology of multi-drug resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in selected sub-Saharan African countries.

Journal Article BMJ Glob Health · August 2021 BACKGROUND: Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) is one of the leading causes of bacteraemia in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to provide a better understanding of the genetic characteristics and transmission patterns associated with multi-drug resistant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Heart failure care and outcomes in a Tanzanian emergency department: A prospective observational study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2021 BACKGROUND: The burden of heart failure is growing in sub-Saharan Africa, but there is a dearth of data characterizing care and outcomes of heart failure patients in the region, particularly in emergency department settings. METHODS: In a prospective obser ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Effect of a Triage-Based Screening Protocol on Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Tanzanian Emergency Department: A Prospective Pre-Post Study.

Journal Article J Am Heart Assoc · August 18, 2020 Background Evidence suggests that acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is underdiagnosed in sub-Saharan Africa. Triage-based interventions have improved ACS diagnosis and management in high-income settings but have not been evaluated in sub-Saharan African emerge ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute myocardial infarction under-diagnosis and mortality in a Tanzanian emergency department: A prospective observational study.

Journal Article Am Heart J · August 2020 BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests that under-diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may be common in sub-Saharan Africa. Prospective studies of routine AMI screening among patients presenting to emergency departments in sub-Saharan Africa are l ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Hypertension burden and challenges across the hypertension treatment cascade among adults enrolled in HIV care in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) · August 2020 Failure to address hypertension among people living with HIV (PLWH) may undermine the significant progress made toward reducing mortality among this high-risk population in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Here, the authors report hypertension prevalence, diagnos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Provider-perceived barriers to diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndrome in Tanzania: a qualitative study.

Journal Article Int Health · February 12, 2020 BACKGROUND: The incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is growing across sub-Saharan Africa and many healthcare systems are ill-equipped for this growing burden. Evidence suggests that healthcare providers may be underdiagnosing and undertreating ACS, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of Emergency Care for Possible Acute Coronary Syndrome Among Patients with Chest Pain or Shortness of Breath at a Tanzanian Referral Hospital.

Journal Article Glob Heart · February 6, 2020 BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is thought to be a rare diagnosis in sub-Saharan Africa, but little is known about diagnostic practices for patients with possible ACS symptoms in the region. OBJECTIVE: To describe current care practices for patie ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

"It's because I think too much": Perspectives and experiences of adults with hypertension engaged in HIV care in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2020 BACKGROUND: Hypertension, a leading risk for cardiovascular mortality, is an important co-morbidity among people living with HIV (PLHIV). In Tanzania, hypertension prevalence among PLHIV approaches 20 to 30%. However, most patients are unaware of their dia ... Full text Link to item Cite

The burden of acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and stroke among emergency department admissions in Tanzania: A retrospective observational study.

Journal Article Afr J Emerg Med · December 2019 INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa is substantial and growing. Much remains to be learned about the relative burden of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), heart failure, and stroke on emergency departments and hospital ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Multicountry Distribution and Characterization of Extended-spectrum β-Lactamase-associated Gram-negative Bacteria From Bloodstream Infections in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · October 30, 2019 BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health concern, yet, there are noticeable gaps in AMR surveillance data in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to measure the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Knowledge, attitudes, and preventative practices regarding ischemic heart disease among emergency department patients in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Public Health · October 2019 OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to increase understanding of knowledge, attitudes, and preventative practices regarding ischemic heart disease (IHD) in sub-Saharan Africa in order to develop patient-centered interventions to improve care and out ... Full text Link to item Cite

Self-medication with non-prescribed pharmaceutical agents in an area of low malaria transmission in northern Tanzania: a community-based survey.

Journal Article Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg · April 1, 2019 BACKGROUND: Self-treatment with antimicrobials is common in sub-Saharan Africa. Little is known about the prevalence of this practice where malaria transmission intensity is low, and little is known about the prevalence of self-treatment with other medicat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Knowledge of myocardial infarction symptoms and perceptions of self-risk in Tanzania.

Journal Article Am Heart J · April 2019 BACKGROUND: Little is known about community knowledge of myocardial infarction symptoms and perceptions of self-risk in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: A community survey was conducted in northern Tanzania, where the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors ... Full text Link to item Cite

The distribution of cardiac diagnostic testing for acute coronary syndrome in the Brazilian healthcare system: A national geospatial evaluation of health access.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2019 BACKGROUND: Little is known about the utilization of cardiac diagnostic testing in Brazil and how such testing is related with local rates of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)-related mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using data from DATASUS, the public national ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The burden of hypertension in the emergency department and linkage to care: A prospective cohort study in Tanzania.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2019 OBJECTIVES: Globally, hypertension affects one billion people and disproportionately burdens low-and middle-income countries. Despite the high disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa, optimal care models for diagnosing and treating hypertension have not been ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceptions of chest pain and healthcare seeking behavior for chest pain in northern Tanzania: A community-based survey.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2019 BACKGROUND: Little is known about community perceptions of chest pain and healthcare seeking behavior for chest pain in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: A two-stage randomized population-based cluster survey with selection proportional to population size was p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceptions of Stroke and Associated Health-Care-Seeking Behavior in Northern Tanzania: A Community-Based Study.

Journal Article Neuroepidemiology · 2019 BACKGROUND: Little is known about knowledge of stroke symptoms, perceptions of self-risk, and health-care-seeking behavior for stroke in East Africa. METHODS: A 2-stage randomized population-based cluster survey with selection proportional to population si ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Burden of Hypertension and Diabetes in an Emergency Department in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Ethn Dis · 2019 INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the burden of hypertension and diabetes on emergency department (ED) utilization and hospitalizations in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: A retrospective review of adult ED patients in northern Tanzania was performed from Se ... Full text Link to item Cite

The phylogeography and incidence of multi-drug resistant typhoid fever in sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal Article Nat Commun · November 30, 2018 There is paucity of data regarding the geographical distribution, incidence, and phylogenetics of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella Typhi in sub-Saharan Africa. Here we present a phylogenetic reconstruction of whole genome sequenced 249 contemporaneous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence of human brucellosis in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania in the periods 2007-2008 and 2012-2014.

Journal Article Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg · March 1, 2018 BACKGROUND: Brucellosis causes substantial morbidity among humans and their livestock. There are few robust estimates of the incidence of brucellosis in sub-Saharan Africa. Using cases identified through sentinel hospital surveillance and health care utili ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the AUDIT and CAGE Questionnaires in Tanzanian Swahili for a Traumatic Brain Injury Population.

Journal Article Alcohol Alcohol · January 1, 2018 AIMS: To develop Swahili versions of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and CAGE questionnaires and evaluate their psychometric properties in a traumatic brain injury (TBI) population in Tanzania. METHODS: Swahili versions of the AUDIT a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of hypertension in Northern Tanzania: a community-based mixed-methods study.

Journal Article BMJ Open · November 9, 2017 INTRODUCTION: Sub-Saharan Africa is particularly vulnerable to the growing global burden of hypertension, but epidemiological studies are limited and barriers to optimal management are poorly understood. Therefore, we undertook a community-based mixed-meth ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The epidemiology and hotspots of road traffic injuries in Moshi, Tanzania: An observational study.

Journal Article Injury · July 2017 Road traffic injuries (RTIs) continue to increase with the proliferation of motor vehicles, especially in low-income countries where safe road infrastructure is lacking. Knowing where and why RTIs occur would allow for increased safety and prevention plann ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence of invasive salmonella disease in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicentre population-based surveillance study.

Journal Article Lancet Glob Health · March 2017 BACKGROUND: Available incidence data for invasive salmonella disease in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. Standardised, multicountry data are required to better understand the nature and burden of disease in Africa. We aimed to measure the adjusted incidence ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of the Estimated Incidence of Acute Leptospirosis in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania between 2007-08 and 2012-14.

Journal Article PLoS Negl Trop Dis · December 2016 BACKGROUND: The sole report of annual leptospirosis incidence in continental Africa of 75-102 cases per 100,000 population is from a study performed in August 2007 through September 2008 in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania. To evaluate the stability of t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Distribution of Aedes mosquitoes in the Kilimanjaro Region of northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Pathog Glob Health · May 2016 Little is known about the presence and distribution of Aedes mosquitoes in northern Tanzania despite the occurence of viruses transmitted by these mosquitoes such as Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV) in the region. Adult and larval mosquito ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Validation and Identification of Invasive Salmonella Serotypes in Sub-Saharan Africa by Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · March 15, 2016 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) cause the majority of bloodstream infections in sub-Saharan Africa; however, serotyping is rarely performed. We validated a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with the White-K ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A Multicountry Molecular Analysis of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi With Reduced Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · March 15, 2016 BACKGROUND: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is a predominant cause of bloodstream infections in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Increasing numbers of S. Typhi with resistance to ciprofloxacin have been reported from different parts of the world. However, data ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Utilization of Healthcare in the Typhoid Fever Surveillance in Africa Program.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · March 15, 2016 BACKGROUND: Assessing healthcare utilization is important to identify weaknesses of healthcare systems, to outline action points for preventive measures and interventions, and to more accurately estimate the disease burden in a population. METHODS: A healt ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Relationship Between Invasive Nontyphoidal Salmonella Disease, Other Bacterial Bloodstream Infections, and Malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · March 15, 2016 BACKGROUND: Country-specific studies in Africa have indicated that Plasmodium falciparum is associated with invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease. We conducted a multicenter study in 13 sites in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Bloodstream Infections and Frequency of Pretreatment Associated With Age and Hospitalization Status in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · November 1, 2015 BACKGROUND: The clinical diagnosis of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) in sub-Saharan Africa is routinely confused with malaria due to overlapping symptoms. The Typhoid Surveillance in Africa Program (TSAP) recruited febrile inpatients and outpatien ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Acute myocardial infarction in sub-Saharan Africa: the need for data.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 BACKGROUND: Trends in the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction in sub-Saharan Africa have not been well described, despite growing recognition of the increasing burden of cardiovascular disease in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this syst ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Comparing actual and perceived causes of fever among community members in a low malaria transmission setting in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Trop Med Int Health · November 2013 OBJECTIVE: To compare actual and perceived causes of fever in northern Tanzania. METHODS: In a standardised survey, heads of households in 30 wards in Moshi, Tanzania, were asked to identify the most common cause of fever for children and for adults. Respo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Estimating leptospirosis incidence using hospital-based surveillance and a population-based health care utilization survey in Tanzania.

Journal Article PLoS Negl Trop Dis · 2013 BACKGROUND: The incidence of leptospirosis, a neglected zoonotic disease, is uncertain in Tanzania and much of sub-Saharan Africa, resulting in scarce data on which to prioritize resources for public health interventions and disease control. In this study, ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Chikungunya and dengue fever among hospitalized febrile patients in northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Am J Trop Med Hyg · January 2012 Consecutive febrile admissions were enrolled at two hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania. Confirmed acute Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Dengue virus (DENV), and flavivirus infection were defined as a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result. Presumptive acute ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Magnetism and structure of Lix Co O2 and comparison to Nax Co O2

Journal Article Physical Review B Condensed Matter and Materials Physics · February 19, 2008 The magnetic properties and structure of Lix Co O2 for 0.5 Full text Cite

Magnetic and thermoelectric properties of layered LixNayCoO2

Journal Article Journal of Solid State Chemistry · November 1, 2007 The magnetic, thermoelectric, and structural properties of LixNayCoO2, prepared by intercalation and deintercalation chemistry from the thermodynamically stable phase Li0.41Na0.31CoO2, which ... Full text Cite