Scholars@Duke
Sundar Khadka

Sundar Khadka

Postdoctoral Associate
Integrative Immunobiology

Selected Publications

Exploring the Role of Platelets in Virus-Induced Inflammatory Demyelinating Disease and Myocarditis.

Journal Article International journal of molecular sciences · March 2024 Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection has been used as a mouse model for two virus-induced organ-specific immune-mediated diseases. TMEV-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) in the central nervous system (CNS) is a chronic inflammat ... Full text Cite

Anti-Glycolipid Antibody Examination in Five EAE Models and Theiler's Virus Model of Multiple Sclerosis: Detection of Anti-GM1, GM3, GM4, and Sulfatide Antibodies in Relapsing-Remitting EAE.

Journal Article International journal of molecular sciences · August 2023 Anti-glycolipid antibodies have been reported to play pathogenic roles in peripheral inflammatory neuropathies, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome. On the other hand, the role in multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammatory demyelinating disease in the central nervo ... Full text Cite

Adjuvant Injections Altered the Ileal and Fecal Microbiota Differently with Changes in Immunoglobulin Isotypes and Antimycobacterial Antibody Responses.

Journal Article International journal of molecular sciences · February 2023 Alterations in the gut microbiota, "dysbiosis," have been reported in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), and their animal models. Although the animal models were induced by injections of autoantigens with adjuvants, including complete ... Full text Open Access Cite

Bacterial and fungal isolation from face masks under the COVID-19 pandemic.

Journal Article Scientific reports · July 2022 The COVID-19 pandemic has led people to wear face masks daily in public. Although the effectiveness of face masks against viral transmission has been extensively studied, there have been few reports on potential hygiene issues due to bacteria and fungi att ... Full text Cite

Comparative genomic analyses of multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Nepal and other geographical locations.

Journal Article Genomics · March 2022 Nepal exhibits a tuberculosis (TB) incidence rate that is comparable to neighbouring high TB incidence countries. In addition, it records >500 cases of multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB each year. The objective of this study was to perform whole-genome bioinfo ... Full text Cite

Curdlan, a Microbial β-Glucan, Has Contrasting Effects on Autoimmune and Viral Models of Multiple Sclerosis.

Journal Article Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · January 2022 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination and axonal degeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). Bacterial and fungal infections have been associated with the development of MS; microbial compon ... Full text Cite

Low Cluster of Differentiation 4+ T Cell Count in People Living with HIV/AIDS Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy Visiting a Reference Laboratory: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Journal Article JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · May 2021 IntroductionHuman Immunodeficiency Virus is a lentivirus that causes human immunodeficiency virus infection and over time, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Cluster of Differentiation 4+ T cell count of people living with this infection play a v ... Full text Cite

Curcumin β-D-Glucuronide Modulates an Autoimmune Model of Multiple Sclerosis with Altered Gut Microbiota in the Ileum and Feces.

Journal Article Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · January 2021 We developed a prodrug type of curcumin, curcumin monoglucuronide (CMG), whose intravenous/intraperitoneal injection achieves a high serum concentration of free-form curcumin. Although curcumin has been reported to alter the gut microbiota and immune respo ... Full text Cite

Evaluation of Five International HBV Treatment Guidelines: Recommendation for Resource-Limited Developing Countries Based on the National Study in Nepal.

Journal Article Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · December 2020 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects the liver, causing cirrhosis and cancer. In developed countries, five international guidelines have been used to make a decision for the management of patients with chronic HBV infection. In this review, since the guidelines ... Full text Open Access Cite

Establishment of reference range of CD4 T-lymphocyte in healthy Nepalese adults.

Journal Article BMC research notes · July 2020 ObjectiveCD4 T lymphocytes are the most widely used cellular markers to assess the course of HIV infection, clinical staging and, monitoring the effect of antiretroviral therapy. The regional reference range for Eastern, Central and Western develo ... Full text Cite

Draft Genome Sequence of an Isolate of Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Nepal.

Journal Article Microbiology resource announcements · January 2020 Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become a challenge to the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in several countries, including Nepal. Here, we report for the first time the draft genome sequence of an isolate of XDR-TB coll ... Full text Cite

Bioinformatics Analysis of Gut Microbiota and CNS Transcriptome in Virus-Induced Acute Myelitis and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelination; Potential Association of Distinct Bacteria With CNS IgA Upregulation.

Journal Article Frontiers in immunology · January 2020 Virus infections have been associated with acute and chronic inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) diseases, e.g., acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) and multiple sclerosis (MS), where animal models support the pathogenic roles of viruses. In the spinal cord ... Full text Cite

Galectin-3 as a Therapeutic Target for NSAID-Induced Intestinal Ulcers.

Journal Article Frontiers in immunology · January 2020 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) induce ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach and small intestine. NSAID-induced gastric ulcers can be prevented by taking acid-neutralizing/inhibitory drugs and cytoprotective agents. In ... Full text Cite

Late Response of Antiretroviral Therapy in an HIV-1-Infected Patient due to Hepatitis B and C Coinfections: The First Case Report in Nepal.

Journal Article Case reports in medicine · January 2019 AimDual coinfection of HCV and HBV in HIV-1-infected population is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Also, they share routes of HIV transmission; however, it might be associated with an independent factor like injecting drug use for HCV ... Full text Open Access Cite

Sustained Viremic Control in HIV-Infected Patient: Case Report from Nepal.

Journal Article Case reports in infectious diseases · January 2018 A case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is described from Nepal with constant maintenance of CD4 count and HIV-RNA level below the lower detection threshold for more than ten years. The case was diagnosed of HIV positive in the year 2008. He ... Full text Cite

Isolation, speciation and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida isolates from various clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital, Nepal.

Journal Article BMC research notes · June 2017 BackgroundCandida species are responsible for various clinical infections ranging from mucocutaneous infection to life threatening invasive diseases along with increased resistance to antifungal drugs has made a serious concern. Resistance to anti ... Full text Open Access Cite

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella spp. isolated from children under 5 years of age attending tertiary care hospitals, Nepal along with first finding of ESBL-production.

Journal Article BMC research notes · June 2017 BackgroundShigella is an important cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in resource-poor countries. The treatment of shigellosis mostly requires antibiotics. However, the increase of multidrug resistance along with emergence of extended-spectrum β-l ... Full text Cite

Molecular epidemiology of Rotavirus causing diarrhea among children less than five years of age visiting national level children hospitals, Nepal.

Journal Article BMC pediatrics · April 2017 BackgroundRotaviruses are the major cause of diarrhea among the infants and young children all over the world causing over 500,000 deaths and 2.4 million hospitalizations each year. In Nepal Rotavirus infection positivity rates ranges from 17.0 to ... Full text Cite

Detection of Latent HIV-1 Infection and Drug Resistant Mutation Testing in Nepal: HIV-1 env V3 DNA Sequence and RT Gene (M184V) Mutation

Journal Article Nepal Journal of Biotechnology · December 31, 2016 HIV-1 resistance to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a crucial issue, despite various effective drugs are available for the treatment. Although the viral RNA is suppressed below the detection limit (<50 copies/ml) with the use of potent antiviral ... Full text Cite

Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.

Journal Article Dermatology research and practice · January 2016 Background. Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study ... Full text Open Access Cite