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Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Kelley, CE; Brown, AJ; Diehl, AM; Setji, TL
Published in: World J Gastroenterol
October 21, 2014

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women. Women with PCOS frequently have metabolic complications including insulin resistance (IR), early diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recent studies have demonstrated an association between PCOS and another metabolic complication: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD occurs as a result of abnormal lipid handling by the liver, which sensitizes the liver to injury and inflammation. It can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by hepatocyte injury and apoptosis. With time and further inflammation, NASH can progress to cirrhosis. Thus, given the young age at which NAFLD may occur in PCOS, these women may be at significant risk for progressive hepatic injury over the course of their lives. Many potential links between PCOS and NAFLD have been proposed, most notably IR and hyperandrogenemia. Further studies are needed to clarify the association between PCOS and NAFLD. In the interim, clinicians should be aware of this connection and consider screening for NAFLD in PCOS patients who have other metabolic risk factors. The optimal method of screening is unknown. However, measuring alanine aminotransferase and/or obtaining ultrasound on high-risk patients can be considered. First line treatment consists of lifestyle interventions and weight loss, with possible pharmacologic interventions in some cases.

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Published In

World J Gastroenterol

DOI

EISSN

2219-2840

Publication Date

October 21, 2014

Volume

20

Issue

39

Start / End Page

14172 / 14184

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Assessment
  • Prognosis
  • Prevalence
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  • Humans
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology
  • Female
 

Citation

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Kelley, C. E., Brown, A. J., Diehl, A. M., & Setji, T. L. (2014). Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. World J Gastroenterol, 20(39), 14172–14184. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14172
Kelley, Carly E., Ann J. Brown, Anna Mae Diehl, and Tracy L. Setji. “Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.World J Gastroenterol 20, no. 39 (October 21, 2014): 14172–84. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14172.
Kelley CE, Brown AJ, Diehl AM, Setji TL. Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Oct 21;20(39):14172–84.
Kelley, Carly E., et al. “Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.World J Gastroenterol, vol. 20, no. 39, Oct. 2014, pp. 14172–84. Pubmed, doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14172.
Kelley CE, Brown AJ, Diehl AM, Setji TL. Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Oct 21;20(39):14172–14184.

Published In

World J Gastroenterol

DOI

EISSN

2219-2840

Publication Date

October 21, 2014

Volume

20

Issue

39

Start / End Page

14172 / 14184

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Assessment
  • Prognosis
  • Prevalence
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  • Humans
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology
  • Female