Role of serotonin in the paradoxical calming effect of psychostimulants on hyperactivity.
The mechanism by which psychostimulants act as calming agents in humans with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or hyperkinetic disorder is currently unknown. Mice lacking the gene encoding the plasma membrane dopamine transporter (DAT) have elevated dopaminergic tone and are hyperactive. This activity was exacerbated by exposure to a novel environment. Additionally, these mice were impaired in spatial cognitive function, and they showed a decrease in locomotion in response to psychostimulants. This paradoxical calming effect of psychostimulants depended on serotonergic neurotransmission. The parallels between the DAT knockout mice and individuals with ADHD suggest that common mechanisms may underlie some of their behaviors and responses to psychostimulants.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Synaptic Transmission
- Symporters
- Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
- Serotonin
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
- Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
- Nerve Tissue Proteins
- Motor Activity
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
Citation
Published In
DOI
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Synaptic Transmission
- Symporters
- Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
- Serotonin
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
- Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
- Nerve Tissue Proteins
- Motor Activity
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Inbred C57BL