Scholars@Duke
Emily S. Bernhardt

Emily S. Bernhardt

James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Biology
Biology
emily.bernhardt@duke.edu
Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708-0000
FFSC 3313, Durham, NC 27708

Selected Publications

Phenology of gross primary productivity in rivers displays high variability within years but stability across years

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography Letters · October 1, 2024 Modeling and sensor innovations in the last decade have enabled routine and continuous estimation of daily gross primary productivity (GPP) for rivers. Here, we generate and evaluate within and across year variability for 59 US rivers for which we have com ... Full text Cite

Diet choices determine mercury exposure risks for people living in gold mining regions of Peru

Journal Article Environmental Research: Health · September 1, 2024 AbstractArtisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is the largest global anthropogenic mercury (Hg) source and is widespread in the Peruvian Amazon. Consuming Hg-laden foods exposes people to this potent n ... Full text Cite

Standard metrics for characterizing episodic salinization in freshwater systems

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography: Methods · September 1, 2024 Salinization threatens freshwater resources and freshwater-dependent wetlands in coastal areas worldwide. Many research efforts focus on gradual or chronic salinization, but the phenomenon is also episodic in nature, particularly in small streams and artif ... Full text Cite

Leaf Physiological Responses and Early Senescence Are Linked to Reflectance Spectra in Salt-Sensitive Coastal Tree Species

Journal Article Forests · September 1, 2024 Salt-sensitive trees in coastal wetlands are dying as forests transition to marsh and open water at a rapid pace. Forested wetlands are experiencing repeated saltwater exposure due to the frequency and severity of climatic events, sea-level rise, and human ... Full text Cite

Microbial Ecology and Site Characteristics Underlie Differences in Salinity-Methane Relationships in Coastal Wetlands

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · June 1, 2024 Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas emitted by archaea in anaerobic environments such as wetland soils. Tidal freshwater wetlands are predicted to become increasingly saline as sea levels rise due to climate change. Previous work has shown that increa ... Full text Cite

Linking Dissolved Organic Matter Composition to Landscape Properties in Wetlands Across the United States of America

Journal Article Global Biogeochemical Cycles · May 1, 2024 Wetlands are integral to the global carbon cycle, serving as both a source and a sink for organic carbon. Their potential for carbon storage will likely change in the coming decades in response to higher temperatures and variable precipitation patterns. We ... Full text Cite

Saltwater intrusion and sea level rise threatens U.S. rural coastal landscapes and communities

Journal Article Anthropocene · March 1, 2024 The United States (U.S.) coastal plain is subject to rising sea levels, land subsidence, more severe coastal storms, and more intense droughts. These changes lead to inputs of marine salts into freshwater-dependent coastal systems, creating saltwater intru ... Full text Cite

Leveraging gauge networks and strategic discharge measurements to aid the development of continuous streamflow records

Journal Article Hydrology and Earth System Sciences · February 8, 2024 Quantifying continuous discharge can be difficult, especially for nascent monitoring efforts, due to the challenges of establishing gauging locations, sensor protocols, and installations. Some continuous discharge series generated by the National Ecologica ... Full text Cite

Accelerated soil nitrogen cycling in response to a whole ecosystem acid rain mitigation experiment

Journal Article Soil Biology and Biochemistry · February 1, 2024 Acid deposition has declined substantially over the last thirty years in the developed world. In forested watersheds previously impacted by acid deposition, evidence suggests that soils are slowly beginning to recover their alkalinity and base cation ferti ... Full text Cite

Another Step Toward “Big” Catchment Science

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin · November 1, 2023 Full text Cite

Combination of factors rather than single disturbance drives perturbation of the nitrogen cycle in a temperate forest

Journal Article Biogeochemistry · November 1, 2023 Nitrogen (N) is a critical element in many ecological and biogeochemical processes in forest ecosystems. Cycling of N is sensitive to changes in climate, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, and air pollution. Streamwater nitrate draining a for ... Full text Cite

High potential but low achievement: Frequent disturbance constrains the light use efficiency of river ecosystems

Journal Article Ecosphere · October 1, 2023 We rarely consider light limitation in ecosystem productivity, yet light limitation is a major constraint on river autotrophy. Because the light that reaches benthic autotrophs must first pass through terrestrial vegetation and an overlying water column th ... Full text Cite

Taking the Pulse of Global Change with World Heritage Data Sets

Journal Article Eos (United States) · October 1, 2023 Full text Cite

Mercury in Neotropical birds: a synthesis and prospectus on 13 years of exposure data.

Journal Article Ecotoxicology (London, England) · October 2023 Environmental mercury (Hg) contamination of the global tropics outpaces our understanding of its consequences for biodiversity. Knowledge gaps of pollution exposure could obscure conservation threats in the Neotropics: a region that supports over half of t ... Full text Cite

Seasonal Differences and Grazing Pressure Alter the Fate of Gold Nanoparticles in a Microcosm Experiment.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · September 2023 Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are used as models to track and predict NP fates and effects in ecosystems. Previous work found that aquatic macrophytes and their associated biofilm primarily drove the fate of AuNPs within aquatic ecosystems and that seasonalit ... Full text Cite

MacroSheds: A synthesis of long-term biogeochemical, hydroclimatic, and geospatial data from small watershed ecosystem studies

Journal Article Limnology And Oceanography Letters · June 1, 2023 The US Federal Government supports hundreds of watershed monitoring efforts from which solute fluxes can be calculated. Although instrumentation and methods vary between studies, the data collected and their motivating questions are remarkably similar. Nev ... Full text Cite

Density declines, richness increases, and composition shifts in stream macroinvertebrates.

Journal Article Science advances · May 2023 Documenting trends of stream macroinvertebrate biodiversity is challenging because biomonitoring often has limited spatial, temporal, and taxonomic scopes. We analyzed biodiversity and composition of assemblages of >500 genera, spanning 27 years, and 6131 ... Full text Cite

Chronic Engineered Nanoparticle Additions Alter Insect Emergence and Result in Metal Flux from Aquatic Ecosystems into Riparian Food Webs.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · May 2023 Freshwater ecosystems are exposed to engineered nanoparticles (NPs) through discharge from wastewater and agricultural runoff. We conducted a 9-month mesocosm experiment to examine the combined effects of chronic NP additions on insect emergence and insect ... Full text Cite

Variability and drivers of CO2, CH4, and N2O concentrations in streams across the United States

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · February 1, 2023 Streams and rivers are major sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere, as carbon and nitrogen are converted and outgassed during transport. Although our understanding of drivers of individual GHG fluxes has improved with numerous site-specific ... Full text Cite

User-focused evaluation of National Ecological Observatory Network streamflow estimates.

Journal Article Scientific data · February 2023 Accurately estimating stream discharge is crucial for many ecological, biogeochemical, and hydrologic analyses. As of September 2022, The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) provided up to 5 years of continuous discharge estimates at 28 streams ... Full text Cite

River ecosystem metabolism and carbon biogeochemistry in a changing world.

Journal Article Nature · January 2023 River networks represent the largest biogeochemical nexus between the continents, ocean and atmosphere. Our current understanding of the role of rivers in the global carbon cycle remains limited, which makes it difficult to predict how global change may al ... Full text Cite

The impacts of dam construction on elemental deposition in a reservoir receiving mountaintop coal mining materials

Journal Article Lake and Reservoir Management · January 1, 2023 Waters MN, Bernhardt ES, Gerson JR. 2023. The impacts of dam construction on elemental deposition in a reservoir receiving mountaintop coal mining materials. Lake Reserv Manage. 39:246–258. Dam construction and associated reservoirs can become depositional ... Full text Cite

Restored forested wetland surprisingly resistant to experimental salinization.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2023 Salinization of coastal freshwater wetlands is an increasingly common and widespread phenomenon resulting from climate change. The ecosystem consequences of added salinity are poorly constrained and highly variable across prior observational and experiment ... Full text Cite

Give long-term datasets World Heritage status.

Journal Article Science (New York, N.Y.) · December 2022 Full text Cite

Patterns and Drivers of Dissolved Gas Concentrations and Fluxes Along a Low Gradient Stream

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · November 1, 2022 Freshwater ecosystems are globally significant sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere. Previous work has indicated that GHG flux in headwater streams is dominated by terrestrially derived gases, with in situ production limited by short organi ... Full text Cite

Coastal freshwater wetlands squeezed between migrating salt marshes and working lands.

Journal Article Science advances · July 2022 Creative solutions are needed to sustain the diversity of coastal wetland ecosystems as sea levels rise. ... Full text Cite

The Nonpoint Sources and Transport of Baseflow Nitrogen Loading Across a Developed Rural-Urban Gradient

Journal Article Water Resources Research · July 1, 2022 Nonpoint source urban nutrient loading into streams and receiving water bodies is widely recognized as a major environmental management challenge. A dominant research and management paradigm assumes that loading primarily derives from elevated stormwater. ... Full text Cite

Climate Change Driving Widespread Loss of Coastal Forested Wetlands Throughout the North American Coastal Plain

Journal Article Ecosystems. · June 2022 Coastal forested wetlands support many endemic species, sequester substantial carbon stocks, and have been reduced in extent due to historic drainage and agricultural expansion. Many of these unique coastal ecosystems have been drained, while those that re ... Full text Cite

Chemistry of surface water, precipitation, throughfall, leaves, sediment, soil, and air near a gold mining region in Peru.

Journal Article Ecology · May 2022 Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is the primary global source of anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emissions and a large source of landscape change. ASGM occurs throughout the world, including in the Peruvian Amazon. This data set contains measurement ... Full text Cite

Salinity thresholds for understory plants in coastal wetlands

Journal Article Plant Ecol. · March 2022 The effects of sea level rise and coastal saltwater intrusion on wetland plants can extend well above the high-tide line due to drought, hurricanes, and groundwater intrusion. Research has examined how coastal salt marsh plant communities respond to increa ... Full text Cite

Light and flow regimes regulate the metabolism of rivers.

Journal Article Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · February 2022 Featured Publication Mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation drive much of the variation in productivity across Earth's terrestrial ecosystems but do not explain variation in gross primary productivity (GPP) or ecosystem respiration (ER) in flowing waters. We doc ... Full text Cite

Alkaline mine drainage drives stream sediment microbial community structure and function.

Journal Article The Science of the total environment · January 2022 With advances in eDNA metabarcoding, environmental microbiomes are increasingly used as cost-effective tools for monitoring ecosystem health. Stream ecosystems in Central Appalachia, heavily impacted by alkaline drainage from mountaintop coal mining, prese ... Full text Cite

Saltwater intrusion in context: soil factors regulate impacts of salinity on soil carbon cycling

Journal Article Biogeochemistry. · January 2022 Salinization of freshwater ecosystems impacts carbon cycling, a particular concern for coastal wetlands, which are important agents of carbon sequestration. Previous experimental work using salt additions as a proxy for sea level rise, reveals widely diver ... Full text Cite

Are nitrogen and carbon cycle processes impacted by common stream antibiotics? A comparative assessment of single vs. mixture exposures.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2022 A variety of antibiotics are ubiquitous in all freshwater ecosystems that receive wastewater. A wide variety of antibiotics have been developed to kill problematic bacteria and fungi through targeted application, and their use has contributed significantly ... Full text Cite

Amazon forests capture high levels of atmospheric mercury pollution from artisanal gold mining.

Journal Article Nature communications · January 2022 Featured Publication Mercury emissions from artisanal and small-scale gold mining throughout the Global South exceed coal combustion as the largest global source of mercury. We examined mercury deposition and storage in an area of the Peruvian Amazon heavily impacted by artisa ... Full text Cite

Ecosystem modification and network position impact insect-mediated contaminant fluxes from a mountaintop mining-impacted river network.

Journal Article Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · December 2021 Aquatic-terrestrial contaminant transport via emerging aquatic insects has been studied across contaminant classes and aquatic ecosystems, but few studies have quantified the magnitude of these insect-mediated contaminant fluxes, limiting our understanding ... Full text Cite

Lethal impacts of selenium counterbalance the potential reduction in mercury bioaccumulation for freshwater organisms.

Journal Article Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · October 2021 Mercury (Hg), a potent neurotoxic element, can biomagnify through food webs once converted into methylmercury (MeHg). Some studies have found that selenium (Se) exposure may reduce MeHg bioaccumulation and toxicity, though this pattern is not universal. Se ... Full text Cite

Consistent declines in aquatic biodiversity across diverse domains of life in rivers impacted by surface coal mining.

Journal Article Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · September 2021 Featured Publication The rivers of Appalachia (United States) are among the most biologically diverse freshwater ecosystems in the temperate zone and are home to numerous endemic aquatic organisms. Throughout the Central Appalachian ecoregion, extensive surface coal mines gene ... Full text Open Access Cite

Characterizing and classifying urban watersheds with compositional and structural attributes

Journal Article Hydrological Processes · September 1, 2021 Current land-use classifications used to assess urbanization effects on stream water quality date back to the 1980s when limited information was available to characterize watershed attributes that mediate non-point source pollution. With high resolution re ... Full text Cite

Rapid deforestation of a coastal landscape driven by sea-level rise and extreme events.

Journal Article Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · July 2021 Climate change is driving ecological shifts in coastal regions of the world, where low topographic relief makes ecosystems particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise, salinization, storm surge, and other effects of global climate change. The consequences of ... Full text Cite

Mountaintop mining legacies constrain ecological, hydrological and biogeochemical recovery trajectories

Journal Article Environmental Research Letters · July 1, 2021 Mountaintop mining, like all forms of surface mining, fundamentally alters the landscape to extract resources that lie 10-100 ms below the land surface. Despite these deep, critical zone alterations, post-mining landscapes are required by United States law ... Full text Cite

A seasonally dynamic model of light at the stream surface

Journal Article Freshwater Science · June 1, 2021 Light is a primary constraint on primary production and drives many ecological processes in stream ecosystems, yet light regimes have received considerably less attention than other factors of the stream environment, such as hydrology or nutrient cycling. ... Full text Cite

Hypoxia dynamics and spatial distribution in a low gradient river

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · June 1, 2021 Deoxygenation of aquatic ecosystems is a key feature of the Anthropocene. Studies are increasingly reporting low oxygen conditions in rivers and headwater streams even in the absence of high nutrient loads. We examined the frequency of river hypoxia (disso ... Full text Cite

A century of change: Reconstructing the biogeochemical history of Hubbard Brook

Journal Article Hydrological Processes · June 1, 2021 Ecosystems constantly adjust to altered biogeochemical inputs, changes in vegetation and climate, and previous physical disturbances. Such disturbances create overlapping ‘biogeochemical legacies’ affecting modern nutrient mass balances. To understand how ... Full text Cite

Thinking like a consumer: Linking aquatic basal metabolism and consumer dynamics

Journal Article Limnology And Oceanography Letters · February 1, 2021 Featured Publication The increasing availability of high-frequency freshwater ecosystem metabolism data provides an opportunity to identify links between metabolic regimes, as gross primary production and ecosystem respiration patterns, and consumer energetics with the potenti ... Full text Cite

Predicting high-frequency variation in stream solute concentrations with water quality sensors and machine learning

Journal Article Hydrological Processes · January 1, 2021 Featured Publication Stream solute monitoring has produced many insights into ecosystem and Earth system functions. Although new sensors have provided novel information about the fine-scale temporal variation of some stream water solutes, we lack adequate sensor technology to ... Full text Cite

Watershed studies at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Building on a long legacy of research with new approaches and sources of data

Journal Article Hydrological Processes · January 1, 2021 Featured Publication The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) was established in 1955 by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service out of concerns about the effects of logging increasing flooding and erosion. To address this issue, within the HBEF hydrological and ... Full text Cite

Artificial lake expansion amplifies mercury pollution from gold mining.

Journal Article Science advances · November 2020 Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is the largest global source of anthropogenic mercury emissions. However, little is known about how effectively mercury released from ASGM is converted into the bioavailable form of methylmercury in ASGM-altered ... Full text Cite

Do Two Wrongs Make a Right? Persistent Uncertainties Regarding Environmental Selenium-Mercury Interactions.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · August 2020 Mercury (Hg) is a pervasive environmental pollutant and contaminant of concern for both people and wildlife that has been a focus of environmental remediation efforts for decades. A growing body of literature has motivated calls for revising Hg consumption ... Full text Cite

Mercury and selenium loading in mountaintop mining impacted alkaline streams and riparian food webs

Journal Article Biogeochemistry. · August 2020 Coal is naturally enriched in trace elements, including mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se). Alkaline mine drainage from mountaintop mining valley fill (MTM-VF)—the dominant form of surface coal mining in Appalachia, USA—releases large quantities of Se into str ... Full text Cite

Copper and Gold Nanoparticles Increase Nutrient Excretion Rates of Primary Consumers.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · August 2020 Freshwater ecosystems are exposed to engineered nanoparticles through municipal and industrial wastewater-effluent discharges and agricultural nonpoint source runoff. Because previous work has shown that engineered nanoparticles from these sources can accu ... Full text Cite

Contaminant Subsidies to Riparian Food Webs in Appalachian Streams Impacted by Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · April 2020 Selenium is highly elevated in Appalachian streams and stream organisms that receive alkaline mine drainage from mountaintop removal coal mining compared to unimpacted streams in the region. Adult aquatic insects can be important vectors of waterborne cont ... Full text Cite

Rare microbial taxa emerge when communities collide: freshwater and marine microbiome responses to experimental mixing.

Journal Article Ecology · March 2020 Whole microbial communities regularly merge with one another, often in tandem with their environments, in a process called community coalescence. Such events impose substantial changes: abiotic perturbation from environmental blending and biotic perturbati ... Full text Cite

Succession, regression and loss: does evidence of saltwater exposure explain recent changes in the tree communities of North Carolina's Coastal Plain?

Journal Article Annals of botany · February 2020 Background and aimsCoastal plant communities globally are highly vulnerable to future sea-level rise and storm damage, but the extent to which these habitats are affected by the various environmental perturbations associated with chronic salinizat ... Full text Cite

Differential Reactivity of Copper- and Gold-Based Nanomaterials Controls Their Seasonal Biogeochemical Cycling and Fate in a Freshwater Wetland Mesocosm.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · February 2020 Reliable predictions of the environmental fate and risk of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) require a better understanding of ENM reactivity in complex, biologically active systems for chronic low-concentration exposure scenarios. Here, simulated freshwater ... Full text Cite

Subsidized or stressed? Shifts in freshwater benthic microbial metagenomics along a gradient of alkaline coal mine drainage

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · January 1, 2020 Chemical pollution mixtures enter aquatic environments and interact with microorganisms in eclectic ways with disparate consequences for microbial ecosystem services. Can using a thermodynamic framework help to determine the net influence of a chemical mix ... Full text Cite

Harmonizing across environmental nanomaterial testing media for increased comparability of nanomaterial datasets

Journal Article Environmental Science: Nano · January 1, 2020 The chemical composition and properties of environmental media determine nanomaterial (NM) transport, fate, biouptake, and organism response. To compare and interpret experimental data, it is essential that sufficient context be provided for describing the ... Full text Cite

Foreword

Book · January 1, 2020 Cite

Excess Nitrate Export in Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining Watersheds

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · December 1, 2019 Throughout the Central Appalachian ecoregion, mountaintop removal coal mining (MTM) is the predominant form of land use change. The streams draining MTM impacted watersheds have been reported to contain high stream nitrate (NO3−) concentrations, yet the so ... Full text Cite

In search of microbial indicator taxa: shifts in stream bacterial communities along an urbanization gradient.

Journal Article Environmental microbiology · October 2019 A majority of environmental studies describe microbiomes at coarse scales of taxonomic resolution (bacterial community, phylum), ignoring key ecological knowledge gained from finer-scales and microbial indicator taxa. Here, we characterized the distributio ... Full text Cite

Stoichiometry and daily rhythms: experimental evidence shows nutrient limitation decouples N uptake from photosynthesis.

Journal Article Ecology · October 2019 Diel variability in nutrient concentrations is common but not universal in aquatic ecosystems. Theoretical models of photoautotrophic systems attribute the absence of diel uptake variation to nutrient scarcity, such that diel variability in nutrient uptake ... Full text Cite

Emergent productivity regimes of river networks

Journal Article Limnology And Oceanography Letters · October 1, 2019 High-resolution data are improving our ability to resolve temporal patterns and controls on river productivity, but we still know little about the emergent patterns of primary production at river-network scales. Here, we estimate daily and annual river-net ... Full text Open Access Cite

Metabolic rhythms in flowing waters: An approach for classifying river productivity regimes

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · September 1, 2019 Although seasonal patterns of ecosystem productivity have been extensively described and analyzed with respect to their primary forcings in terrestrial and marine systems, comparatively little is known about these same processes in rivers. However, it is n ... Full text Cite

Corrigendum: The invisible flood: The chemistry, ecology, and social implications of coastal saltwater intrusion (BioScience (2019) 69,5 (368–378) DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biz027)

Journal Article BioScience · September 1, 2019 The correct citation for Anisfeld et al. 2016 should be Anisfeld SG, Cooper KR, Kemp AC. 2016. Upslope development of a tidal marsh as a function of upland land use. Global Change Biology gcb.13398. This has been corrected online. The authors regret the er ... Full text Cite

Hydrologic Context Alters Greenhouse Gas Feedbacks of Coastal Wetland Salinization

Journal Article Ecosystems. · August 2019 Changes in sea-level rise and precipitation are altering patterns of coastal wetland hydrology and salinization. We conducted paired laboratory (20 weeks) and field (15 weeks) marine salt addition experiments to disentangle the effects of hydrology (perman ... Full text Cite

Watershed urban development controls on urban streamwater chemistry variability

Journal Article Biogeochemistry. · June 2019 Watershed urbanization increases the concentrations of major ions in downstream freshwater ecosystems. Non-point source ions from human activities and the chemical weathering of infrastructure are efficiently transported by stormwater runoff through subsur ... Full text Cite

Scoured or suffocated: Urban stream ecosystems oscillate between hydrologic and dissolved oxygen extremes

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · May 1, 2019 Headwater streams draining urbanized watersheds are subject to frequent and intense storm flows. These floods can disrupt metabolic processes occurring in benthic biofilms via the removal of biomass (i.e., scouring flows, bed mobilization) or light attenua ... Full text Cite

The invisible flood: The chemistry, ecology, and social implications of coastal saltwater intrusion

Journal Article BioScience · May 1, 2019 Saltwater intrusion is the leading edge of sea-level rise, preceding tidal inundation, but leaving its salty signature far inland. With climate change, saltwater is shifting landward into regions that previously have not experienced or adapted to salinity, ... Full text Cite

Salt effects on carbon mineralization in southeastern coastal wetland soils of the United States

Journal Article Geoderma · April 1, 2019 Widespread saltwater intrusion into freshwater coastal ecosystems could dramatically alter the fate of stored carbon as well as the rate of future soil carbon (C) sequestration. We carried out a large survey of soil C at 51 freshwater wetland sites across ... Full text Cite

Beyond Selenium: Coal Combustion Residuals Lead to Multielement Enrichment in Receiving Lake Food Webs.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · April 2019 Effluents from coal-fired power plant ash ponds are a major source of environmental contamination, annually loading more than a million metric tons of pollutants to aquatic ecosystems in the United States alone. Though this waste stream is characterized by ... Full text Cite

Constraint-based simulation of multiple interactive elemental cycles in biogeochemical systems

Journal Article Ecological Informatics · March 1, 2019 Simulating multiple linked elemental cycles is a frontier in the field of biogeochemistry. The Generalized Algorithm for Nutrient, Growth, Stoichiometric and Thermodynamic Analysis (GANGSTA) is a software framework that automates the instantiation of forma ... Full text Cite

Rare Microbial Taxa Emerge When Communities Collide: Freshwater and Marine Microbiome Responses to Experimental Seawater Intrusion

Journal Article · 2019 Whole microbial communities regularly merge with one another, often in tandem with their environments, in a process called community coalescence. Such events allow us to address a central question in ecology – what processes shape community assembly. We us ... Full text Cite

Strontium Isotope Ratios in Fish Otoliths as Biogenic Tracers of Coal Combustion Residual Inputs to Freshwater Ecosystems

Journal Article Environmental Science and Technology Letters · December 11, 2018 Permitted and accidental releases of contaminants from coal combustion residual (CCR) storage facilities pose environmental and ecological risks for associated freshwater ecosystems around the world. Previous studies have applied isotope ratios in CCRs as ... Full text Cite

The metabolic regimes of 356 rivers in the United States.

Journal Article Scientific data · December 2018 A national-scale quantification of metabolic energy flow in streams and rivers can improve understanding of the temporal dynamics of in-stream activity, links between energy cycling and ecosystem services, and the effects of human activities on aquatic met ... Full text Cite

Gold nanoparticle biodissolution by a freshwater macrophyte and its associated microbiome.

Journal Article Nature nanotechnology · November 2018 Predicting nanoparticle fate in aquatic environments requires mimicking of ecosystem complexity to observe the geochemical processes affecting their behaviour. Here, 12 nm Au nanoparticles were added weekly to large-scale freshwater wetland mesocosms. Afte ... Full text Cite

Give and Take: A Watershed Acid Rain Mitigation Experiment Increases Baseflow Nitrogen Retention but Increases Stormflow Nitrogen Export.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · November 2018 In many temperate forested watersheds, hydrologic nitrogen export has declined substantially in recent decades, and many of these watersheds show enduring effects from historic acid deposition. A watershed acid remediation experiment in New Hampshire rever ... Full text Cite

Soil carbon losses due to higher pH offset vegetation gains due to calcium enrichment in an acid mitigation experiment.

Journal Article Ecology · October 2018 Reductions in acid precipitation across North America and Europe have been linked to substantial declines of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in temperate forests, but the mechanisms underlying these declines remain poorly understood. As forests recover fr ... Full text Cite

Engineered nanoparticles interact with nutrients to intensify eutrophication in a wetland ecosystem experiment.

Journal Article Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · September 2018 Despite the rapid rise in diversity and quantities of engineered nanomaterials produced, the impacts of these emerging contaminants on the structure and function of ecosystems have received little attention from ecologists. Moreover, little is known about ... Full text Cite

Not all pavements lead to streams: Variation in impervious surface connectivity affects urban stream ecosystems

Journal Article Freshwater Science · September 1, 2018 Watershed urbanization leads to chemical and thermal pollution of urban streams and significant declines in aquatic biodiversity. Most investigators have focused on variation in total watershed impervious surface cover (ISC) as the primary driver of urban ... Full text Cite

Pulling apart the urbanization axis: patterns of physiochemical degradation and biological response across stream ecosystems

Journal Article Freshwater Science · September 1, 2018 Watershed urbanization introduces a variety of physical, chemical, and thermal stressors to receiving streams and leads to well-documented declines in the diversity of fish and macroinvertebrates. Far less knowledge is available about how these urban stres ... Full text Cite

Measuring and interpreting relationships between nutrient supply, demand, and limitation

Journal Article Freshwater Science · September 1, 2018 Stream nutrient uptake and limitation are interconnected by relationships between nutrient supply and demand. We used multiple approaches, including estimates of nutrient supply, measures of stream metabolism derived from dissolved O2 curves, and nutrient- ... Full text Cite

Understanding how microbiomes influence the systems they inhabit.

Journal Article Nature microbiology · September 2018 Translating the ever-increasing wealth of information on microbiomes (environment, host or built environment) to advance our understanding of system-level processes is proving to be an exceptional research challenge. One reason for this challenge is that r ... Full text Cite

Size-Based Differential Transport, Uptake, and Mass Distribution of Ceria (CeO2) Nanoparticles in Wetland Mesocosms.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · September 2018 Trace metals associated with nanoparticles are known to possess reactivities that are different from their larger-size counterparts. However, the relative importance of small relative to large particles for the overall distribution and biouptake of these m ... Full text Cite

Dosing, Not the Dose: Comparing Chronic and Pulsed Silver Nanoparticle Exposures.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · September 2018 The environmental impacts of manufactured nanoparticles are often studied using high-concentration pulse-additions of freshly synthesized nanoparticles, while predicted releases are characterized by chronic low-concentration additions of weathered particle ... Full text Cite

Salinity effects on greenhouse gas emissions from wetland soils are contingent upon hydrologic setting: a microcosm experiment

Journal Article Biogeochemistry. · September 2018 Coastal forested wetlands provide important ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, nutrient retention, and flood protection, but they are also important sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Human appropriation of surface water and extensive ditch ... Full text Cite

Pyrite Oxidation Drives Exceptionally High Weathering Rates and Geologic CO2 Release in Mountaintop-Mined Landscapes

Journal Article Global Biogeochemical Cycles · August 1, 2018 Weathering is the ultimate source of solutes for ecosystems, controls chemical denudation of landscapes, and drives the geologic carbon cycle. Mining and other land-moving operations enhance physical weathering by bringing large volumes of shattered bedroc ... Full text Cite

The ecology and economics of restoration: When, what, where, and how to restore ecosystems

Journal Article Ecology and Society · June 1, 2018 Restoration ecology has provided a suite of tools for accelerating the recovery of ecosystems damaged by drivers of global change. We review both the ecological and economic concepts developed in restoration ecology, and offer guidance on when, what, where ... Full text Cite

Sediment chemistry of urban stormwater ponds and controls on denitrification

Journal Article Ecosphere · June 1, 2018 Stormwater ponds and retention basins are ubiquitous features throughout urban landscapes. These ponds are potentially important control points for nitrogen (N) removal from surface water bodies via denitrification. However, there are possible trade-offs t ... Full text Cite

The metabolic regimes of flowing waters

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · March 1, 2018 The processes and biomass that characterize any ecosystem are fundamentally constrained by the total amount of energy that is either fixed within or delivered across its boundaries. Ultimately, ecosystems may be understood and classified by their rates of ... Full text Cite

Senegalese artisanal gold mining leads to elevated total mercury and methylmercury concentrations in soils, sediments, and rivers

Journal Article Elementa · January 1, 2018 The largest source of global mercury (Hg) anthropogenic inputs to the environment is derived from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activities in developing countries. While our understanding of global Hg emissions from ASGM is growing, there is ... Full text Cite

Mapping the yearly extent of surface coal mining in Central Appalachia using Landsat and Google Earth Engine.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2018 Surface mining for coal has taken place in the Central Appalachian region of the United States for well over a century, with a notable increase since the 1970s. Researchers have quantified the ecosystem and health impacts stemming from mining, relying in p ... Full text Cite

Plant and Microbial Responses to Repeated Cu(OH)2 Nanopesticide Exposures Under Different Fertilization Levels in an Agro-Ecosystem.

Journal Article Frontiers in microbiology · January 2018 The environmental fate and potential impacts of nanopesticides on agroecosystems under realistic agricultural conditions are poorly understood. As a result, the benefits and risks of these novel formulations compared to the conventional products are curren ... Full text Cite

Evaluating the effects of land-use change and future climate change on vulnerability of coastal landscapes to saltwater intrusion

Journal Article Elementa · January 1, 2018 The exposure of freshwater-dependent coastal ecosystems to saltwater is a present-day impact of climate and land-use changes in many coastal regions, with the potential to harm freshwater and terrestrial biota, alter biogeochemical cycles and reduce agricu ... Full text Cite

Fertilizer management and environmental factors drive n2o and no3 losses in corn: A meta-analysis

Journal Article Soil Science Society of America Journal · September 1, 2017 Effective management of nitrogen (N) in agricultural landscapes must account for how nitrate (NO3) leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions respond to local field-scale management and to broader environmental drivers such as climate and soil. We assemble ... Full text Cite

Creating a More Perennial Problem? Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining Enhances and Sustains Saline Baseflows of Appalachian Watersheds.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · August 2017 Mountaintop removal coal mining (MTM) is a form of surface mining where ridges and mountain tops are removed with explosives to access underlying coal seams. The crushed rock material is subsequently deposited in headwater valley fills (VF). We examined ho ... Full text Cite

Effects of mountaintop removal coal mining on the diversity and secondary productivity of Appalachian rivers

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · July 1, 2017 Land cover change often alters the chemical regime and reduces the diversity of sensitive taxa in downstream aquatic ecosystems. The consistently elevated ionic strength associated with surface coal mines has been implicated in extirpating sensitive taxa t ... Full text Cite

Biofilm mediated uptake of selenium in streams with mountaintop coal mine drainage

Journal Article Limnologica · July 1, 2017 Selenium (Se) may cause reproductive toxicity, yet the characteristics of Se bioaccumulation in aquatic food webs are understudied. Stream biofilms were grown in two reaches of Mud River, West Virginia (WV), including one downstream of a coal mine complex ... Full text Cite

Control Points in Ecosystems: Moving Beyond the Hot Spot Hot Moment Concept

Journal Article Ecosystems. · June 2017 The phrase “hot spots and hot moments” first entered the lexicon in 2003, following the publication of the paper “Biogeochemical hot spots and hot moments at the interface of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems” by McClain and others (Ecosystems 6:301–312, ... Full text Cite

Synthetic chemicals as agents of global change

Journal Article Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · March 1, 2017 Though concerns about the proliferation of synthetic chemicals – including pesticides – gave rise to the modern environmental movement in the early 1960s, synthetic chemical pollution has not been included in most analyses of global change. We examined the ... Full text Cite

Selenium Ecotoxicology in Freshwater Lakes Receiving Coal Combustion Residual Effluents: A North Carolina Example.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · February 2017 Anthropogenic activities resulting in releases of selenium-laden waste streams threaten freshwater ecosystems. Lake ecosystems demand special consideration because they are characterized by prolonged retention of selenium and continuous cycling of the elem ... Full text Cite

Invasive species' leaf traits and dissimilarity from natives shape their impact on nitrogen cycling: a meta-analysis.

Journal Article The New phytologist · January 2017 Many exotic species have little apparent impact on ecosystem processes, whereas others have dramatic consequences for human and ecosystem health. There is growing evidence that invasions foster eutrophication. We need to identify species that are harmful a ... Full text Cite

Fertilizer legacies meet saltwater incursion: Challenges and constraints for coastal plain wetland restoration

Journal Article Elementa · January 1, 2017 Coastal wetland restoration is an important tool for climate change adaptation and excess nutrient runoff mitigation. However, the capacity of restored coastal wetlands to provide multiple ecosystem services is limited by stressors, such as excess nutrient ... Full text Cite

Phytotoxicity of soluble graphitic nanofibers to model plant species.

Conference Environmental toxicology and chemistry · December 2016 Carbon nanomaterials are considered promising for applications in energy storage, catalysis, and electronics. This has motivated study of their potential environmental toxicity. Recently, a novel nanomaterial consisting of graphene oxide wrapped around a c ... Full text Cite

The Precision Problem in Conservation and Restoration.

Journal Article Trends in ecology & evolution · November 2016 Within the varied contexts of environmental policy, conservation of imperilled species populations, and restoration of damaged habitats, an emphasis on idealized optimal conditions has led to increasingly specific targets for management. Overly-precise con ... Full text Cite

Frontiers in Ecosystem Ecology from a Community Perspective: The Future is Boundless and Bright

Journal Article Ecosystems. · August 2016 In an era of increasingly multidisciplinary science, it is essential to identify the frontiers as well as the core of an inherently holistic discipline: ecosystem ecology. To achieve this, we led a series of town hall events at multiple scientific-society ... Full text Cite

Acid rain mitigation experiment shifts a forested watershed from a net sink to a net source of nitrogen.

Journal Article Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · July 2016 Decades of acid rain have acidified forest soils and freshwaters throughout montane forests of the northeastern United States; the resulting loss of soil base cations is hypothesized to be responsible for limiting rates of forest growth throughout the regi ... Full text Cite

Hydro-Climatological Influences on Long-Term Dissolved Organic Carbon in a Mountain Stream of the Southeastern United States.

Journal Article Journal of environmental quality · July 2016 In the past decade, significant increases in surface water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) have been reported for large aquatic ecosystems of the Northern Hemisphere and have been attributed variously to global warming, altered hydrologic conditions, and at ... Full text Cite

Outdoor urban nanomaterials: The emergence of a new, integrated, and critical field of study.

Journal Article The Science of the total environment · July 2016 Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are currently widely incorporated in the outdoor urban environmental fabric and numerous new applications and products containing ENMs are expected in the future. As has been shown repeatedly, products containing ENMs have t ... Full text Cite

Downstream Dissipation of Storm Flow Heat Pulses: A Case Study and its Landscape-Level Implications

Journal Article Journal of the American Water Resources Association · April 1, 2016 Storms in urban areas route heat and other pollutants from impervious surfaces, via drainage networks, into streams with well-described negative consequences on physical structure and biological integrity. We used heat pulses associated with urban storms a ... Full text Cite

Legacy impacts of coal combusion residues in freshwater ecosystems in North Carolina

Journal Article Water Resources Research Institute News of the University of North Carolina · March 1, 2016 Coal combustion residuals (CCRs) released by permitted effluent streams partition to sediments and sediment pore waters where they accumulate to enriched levels in organisms at the base of the food chain. The objectives of this study were (1) to measure CC ... Cite

Deep Impact: Effects of Mountaintop Mining on Surface Topography, Bedrock Structure, and Downstream Waters.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · February 2016 Land use impacts are commonly quantified and compared using 2D maps, limiting the scale of their reported impacts to surface area estimates. Yet, nearly all land use involves disturbances below the land surface. Incorporating this third dimension into our ... Full text Cite

Drought and saltwater incursion synergistically reduce dissolved organic carbon export from coastal freshwater wetlands

Journal Article Biogeochemistry. · February 2016 The hydrologic transport of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) represents both a primary energetic loss from and a critical energetic link between ecosystems. Coastal freshwater wetlands serve as a primary source of DOC to estuaries; historically the magnitude ... Full text Cite

A Global View on Future Major Water Engineering Projects

Chapter · January 1, 2016 Human activities have altered how the world functions. During the past decades, we have globally, fundamentally, in the long-term, and in most cases irreversibly modified all spheres of earth. This new epoch, often referred to as the Anthropocene, is just ... Full text Cite

Designer Ecosystems: Incorporating Design Approaches into Applied Ecology

Chapter · November 4, 2015 To satisfy a growing population, much of Earth's surface has been designed to suit humanity's needs. Although these ecosystem designs have improved human welfare, they have also produced significant negative environmental impacts, which applied ecology as ... Full text Cite

Thermodynamic constraints on the utility of ecological stoichiometry for explaining global biogeochemical patterns.

Journal Article Ecology letters · October 2015 Carbon and nitrogen cycles are coupled through both stoichiometric requirements for microbial biomass and dissimilatory metabolic processes in which microbes catalyse reduction-oxidation reactions. Here, we integrate stoichiometric theory and thermodynamic ... Full text Cite

Linking microbial community structure and microbial processes: an empirical and conceptual overview.

Journal Article FEMS microbiology ecology · October 2015 A major goal of microbial ecology is to identify links between microbial community structure and microbial processes. Although this objective seems straightforward, there are conceptual and methodological challenges to designing studies that explicitly eva ... Full text Cite

Reducing Environmental Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles through Shape Control.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · August 2015 The use of antibacterial silver nanomaterials in consumer products ranging from textiles to toys has given rise to concerns over their environmental toxicity. These materials, primarily nanoparticles, have been shown to be toxic to a wide range of organism ... Full text Cite

From a line in the sand to a landscape of decisions: A hierarchical diversity decision framework for estimating and communicating biodiversity loss along anthropogenic gradients

Journal Article Methods in Ecology and Evolution · July 1, 2015 When setting water quality criteria, managers must choose thresholds for stressors that are protective of aquatic biodiversity. Setting such thresholds requires making implicit judgments about the degree of biodiversity loss that managers are willing to ac ... Full text Cite

Bacterial community responses to a gradient of alkaline mountaintop mine drainage in Central Appalachian streams.

Journal Article The ISME journal · June 2015 Microbial community composition and diversity change along chemical gradients, leading to the expectation that microbial community information might provide new gradient characterizations. Here we examine stream bacteria composition and diversity along a s ... Full text Cite

Mechanisms driving the seasonality of catchment scale nitrate export: Evidence for riparian ecohydrologic controls

Journal Article Water Resources Research · June 1, 2015 Considerable variability in the seasonal patterns of stream water nitrate (NO3-) has been observed in forested watersheds throughout the world. While many forested headwater catchments exhibit winter and early spring peaks in NO3- concentrations, several w ... Full text Cite

Microchemical analysis of selenium in otoliths of two West Virginia fishes captured near mountaintop removal coal mining operations.

Journal Article Environmental toxicology and chemistry · May 2015 Otoliths, calcified inner ear structures, were collected from creek chubs (Semotilus atromaculatus) and green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) living in mountaintop mining-impacted and reference streams and analyzed for selenium (Se) content using laser ablatio ... Full text Cite

Dissolved organic carbon lability increases with water residence time in the alluvial aquifer of a river floodplain ecosystem

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · April 1, 2015 We assessed spatial and temporal patterns of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) lability and composition throughout the alluvial aquifer of the 16 km2 Nyack Floodplain in northwest Montana, USA. Water influx to the aquifer derives almost exclusively from the M ... Full text Cite

Importance of a nanoscience approach in the understanding of major aqueous contamination scenarios: case study from a recent coal ash spill.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · March 2015 A coal ash spill that occurred from an ash impoundment pond into the Dan River, North Carolina, provided a unique opportunity to study the significance and role of naturally occurring and incidental nanomaterials associated with contaminant distribution fr ... Full text Cite

A generalized optimization model of microbially driven aquatic biogeochemistry based on thermodynamic, kinetic, and stoichiometric ecological theory

Journal Article Ecological Modelling · December 4, 2014 We have developed a mechanistic model of aquatic microbial metabolism and growth, where we apply fundamental ecological theory to simulate the simultaneous influence of multiple potential metabolic reactions on system biogeochemistry. Software design was b ... Full text Cite

Iron clad wetlands: Soil iron-sulfur buffering determines coastal wetland response to salt water incursion

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · December 1, 2014 Coastal freshwater wetland chemistry is rapidly changing due to increased frequency of salt water incursion, a consequence of global change. Seasonal salt water incursion introduces sulfate, which microbially reduces to sulfide. Sulfide binds with reduced ... Full text Cite

Biogeochemical regime shifts in coastal landscapes: the contrasting effects of saltwater incursion and agricultural pollution on greenhouse gas emissions from a freshwater wetland

Journal Article Biogeochemistry. · August 2014 Many coastal plain wetlands receive nutrient pollution from agricultural fields and are particularly vulnerable to saltwater incursion. Although wetlands are a major source of the greenhouse gases methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O), the consequences of ... Full text Cite

Floodplain biogeochemical mosaics: A multidimensional view of alluvial soils

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · August 1, 2014 The alluvial floodplains of large rivers are exceptionally productive and dynamic ecosystems, characterized by a complex mosaic of vegetation at different successional stages overlying soils sorted by historic floods. Natural floodplains are widely credite ... Full text Cite

The role of vegetation in methane flux to the atmosphere: should vegetation be included as a distinct category in the global methane budget?

Journal Article Biogeochemistry. · June 2014 Currently, the global annual flux of methane (CH₄) to the atmosphere is fairly well constrained at ca. 645 Tg CH₄year⁻¹. However, the relative magnitudes of the fluxes generated from different natural (e.g. wetlands, deep seepage, hydrates, ocean sediments ... Full text Cite

Emerging contaminant or an old toxin in disguise? Silver nanoparticle impacts on ecosystems.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · May 2014 The use of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer-products is rising. Much of these AgNPs are expected to enter the wastewater stream, with up to 10% of that eventually released as effluent into aquatic ecosystems with unknown ecological co ... Full text Open Access Cite

Drought-induced saltwater incursion leads to increased wetland nitrogen export.

Journal Article Global change biology · October 2013 Coastal wetlands have the capacity to retain and denitrify large quantities of reactive nitrogen (N), making them important in attenuating increased anthropogenic N flux to coastal ecosystems. The ability of coastal wetlands to retain and transform N is be ... Full text Cite

Ecology. Cleaner lakes are dirtier lakes.

Journal Article Science (New York, N.Y.) · October 2013 Full text Cite

The interactive effects of excess reactive nitrogen and climate change on aquatic ecosystems and water resources of the United States

Journal Article Biogeochemistry. · July 2013 Nearly all freshwaters and coastal zones of the US are degraded from inputs of excess reactive nitrogen (Nr), sources of which are runoff, atmospheric N deposition, and imported food and feed. Some major adverse effects include harmful algal blooms, hypoxi ... Full text Cite

Using 15N tracers to estimate N2O and N2 emissions from nitrification and denitrification in coastal plain wetlands under contrasting land-uses

Journal Article Soil Biology and Biochemistry. · February 2013 Microbial nitrification and denitrification both can emit nitrous oxide (N2O), a major greenhouse gas, and the relative contribution of each pathway depends strongly on soil moisture conditions. We conducted a stable isotope tracer experiment to determine ... Full text Cite

Biogeochemistry: An Analysis of Global Change, Third Edition

Book · January 14, 2013 Biogeochemistry-winner of a 2014 Textbook Excellence Award (Texty) from the Text and Academic Authors Association-considers how the basic chemical conditions of the Earth, from atmosphere to soil to seawater, have been and are being affected by the existen ... Full text Cite

Sulfidation of silver nanoparticles: natural antidote to their toxicity.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · January 2013 Nanomaterials are highly dynamic in biological and environmental media. A critical need for advancing environmental health and safety research for nanomaterials is to identify physical and chemical transformations that affect the nanomaterial properties an ... Full text Cite

The environmental price tag on a ton of mountaintop removal coal.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2013 While several thousand square kilometers of land area have been subject to surface mining in the Central Appalachians, no reliable estimate exists for how much coal is produced per unit landscape disturbance. We provide this estimate using regional satelli ... Full text Cite

Urban stream denitrifier communities are linked to lower functional resistance to multiple stressors associated with urbanization

Journal Article Hydrobiologia · 2013 The microbial communities in urban stream ecosystems are subject to complex combinations of stressors. These same microbial communities perform the critical ecosystem service of removing excess reactive nitrogen. We asked whether the denitrifying microbial ... Full text Cite

Fire severity filters regeneration traits to shape community assembly in Alaska's boreal forest.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2013 Disturbance can both initiate and shape patterns of secondary succession by affecting processes of community assembly. Thus, understanding assembly rules is a key element of predicting ecological responses to changing disturbance regimes. We measured the c ... Full text Cite

Low concentrations of silver nanoparticles in biosolids cause adverse ecosystem responses under realistic field scenario.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2013 A large fraction of engineered nanomaterials in consumer and commercial products will reach natural ecosystems. To date, research on the biological impacts of environmental nanomaterial exposures has largely focused on high-concentration exposures in mecha ... Full text Open Access Cite

Impacts of dreissenid mussel invasions on chlorophyll and total phosphorus in 25 lakes in the USA

Journal Article Freshwater Biology · January 1, 2013 Invasions of zebra and quagga mussels have had long-term, large-scale impacts on lake ecosystems in the USA as characterised by high abundance, broad-scale spread and effective adaption to new environmental conditions. Due to their high filtering capacity, ... Full text Cite

Estimating above-ground carbon biomass in a newly restored coastal plain wetland using remote sensing.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2013 Developing accurate but inexpensive methods for estimating above-ground carbon biomass is an important technical challenge that must be overcome before a carbon offset market can be successfully implemented in the United States. Previous studies have shown ... Full text Cite

Antimicrobial effects of commercial silver nanoparticles are attenuated in natural streamwater and sediment.

Journal Article Ecotoxicology (London, England) · October 2012 Given the demonstrated antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and the key role that microorganisms play in performing critical ecosystem functions such as decomposition and nutrient cycling, there is growing concern that AgNP pollution m ... Full text Cite

Roots and fungi accelerate carbon and nitrogen cycling in forests exposed to elevated CO2.

Journal Article Ecology letters · September 2012 A common finding in multiple CO(2) enrichment experiments in forests is the lack of soil carbon (C) accumulation owing to microbial priming of 'old' soil organic matter (SOM). However, soil C losses may also result from the accelerated turnover of 'young' ... Full text Cite

Long-term data reveal patterns and controls on stream water chemistry in a forested stream: Walker branch, Tennessee

Journal Article Ecological Monographs · August 1, 2012 We present 20 years of weekly stream water chemistry, hydrology, and climate data for the Walker Branch watershed in eastern Tennessee, USA. Since 1989, the watershed has experienced a ∼1.0°C increase in mean annual temperature, a ∼20% decline in precipita ... Full text Cite

How many mountains can we mine? Assessing the regional degradation of Central Appalachian rivers by surface coal mining.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · August 2012 Surface coal mining is the dominant form of land cover change in Central Appalachia, yet the extent to which surface coal mine runoff is polluting regional rivers is currently unknown. We mapped surface mining from 1976 to 2005 for a 19,581 km(2) area of s ... Full text Cite

Development and application of a simulation environment (NEO) for integrating empirical and computational investigations of system-level complexity

Journal Article 2012 International Conference on Information Science and Applications, ICISA 2012 · July 30, 2012 Network Exchange Objects (NEO) is a new software framework designed to facilitate development of complex natural or built distributed system models, where the system model is represented as a graph, through which currencies (e.g., coding information) flux. ... Full text Cite

Using environmental variables and soil processes to forecast denitrification potential and nitrous oxide fluxes in coastal plain wetlands across different land uses

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · June 1, 2012 We examined relationships between denitrification (DNF) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes and potentially important chemical and physical predictors to build a predictive understanding of gaseous N losses from coastal plain wetlands. We collected s ... Full text Cite

Long-Term Transformation and Fate of Manufactured Ag Nanoparticles in a Simulated Large Scale Freshwater Emergent Wetland.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · April 2012 Transformations and long-term fate of engineered nanomaterials must be measured in realistic complex natural systems to accurately assess the risks that they may pose. Here, we determine the long-term behavior of poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-coated silver nanopa ... Full text Open Access Cite

Greenhouse gas fluxes in southeastern U.S. coastal plain wetlands under contrasting land uses.

Journal Article Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · January 2012 Whether through sea level rise or wetland restoration, agricultural soils in coastal areas will be inundated at increasing rates, renewing connections to sensitive surface waters and raising critical questions about environmental trade-offs. Wetland restor ... Full text Cite

Nitrate in watersheds: straight from soils to streams?

Journal Article JGR Biogeosciences · 2012 Cite

Dreissenid invasion impacts on chlorophyll and total phosphorus in 25 US lake ecosystems

Journal Article Freshwater Biology · 2012 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fwb.12050/abstract ... Cite

Effects of Silver Nanoparticle Exposure on Germination and Early Growth of Eleven Wetland Plants

Journal Article PLOS One · 2012 The increasing commercial production of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) has led to concerns over the potential adverse impacts of these ENPs on biota in natural environments. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most widely used ENPs and are expecte ... Cite

Distinguishing dynamics of dissolved organic matter components in a forested stream using kinetic enrichments

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · January 1, 2012 Traditional methods for investigating stream solute biogeochemistry measure longitudinal rates of uptake by increasing either the concentration or isotopic composition of solutes. These methods cannot be applied to dissolved organic matter (DOM) because we ... Full text Cite

Cumulative impacts of mountaintop mining on an Appalachian watershed.

Journal Article Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · December 2011 Mountaintop mining is the dominant form of coal mining and the largest driver of land cover change in the central Appalachians. The waste rock from these surface mines is disposed of in the adjacent river valleys, leading to a burial of headwater streams a ... Full text Cite

Testing the field of dreams hypothesis: functional responses to urbanization and restoration in stream ecosystems.

Journal Article Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · September 2011 As catchments become increasingly urban, the streams that drain them become increasingly degraded. Urban streams are typically characterized by high-magnitude storm flows, homogeneous habitats, disconnected riparian zones, and elevated nitrogen concentrati ... Full text Cite

River restoration: the fuzzy logic of repairing reaches to reverse catchment scale degradation.

Journal Article Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · September 2011 River restoration is an increasingly common approach utilized to reverse past degradation of freshwater ecosystems and to mitigate the anticipated damage to freshwaters from future development and resource-extraction activities. While the practice of river ... Full text Cite

Evaluating river restoration

Journal Article Ecological Applications · September 1, 2011 Full text Cite

Effects of urbanization and urban stream restoration on the physical and biological structure of stream ecosystems.

Journal Article Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · September 2011 Streams, as low-lying points in the landscape, are strongly influenced by the stormwaters, pollutants, and warming that characterize catchment urbanization. River restoration projects are an increasingly popular method for mitigating urban insults. Despite ... Full text Cite

Can algal uptake stop NO3(-) pollution?

Journal Article Nature · September 2011 Full text Cite

Macroinvertebrate community responses to a dewatering disturbance gradient in a restored stream

Journal Article Hydrology and Earth System Sciences · June 20, 2011 Dewatering disturbances are common in aquatic systems and represent a relatively untapped field of disturbance ecology, yet studying dewatering events along gradients in non-dichotomous (i.e. wet/dry) terms is often difficult. Because many stream restorati ... Full text Cite

Thinking outside the channel: Modeling nitrogen cycling in networked river ecosystems

Journal Article Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · May 1, 2011 Agricultural and urban development alters nitrogen and other biogeochemical cycles in rivers worldwide. Because such biogeochemical processes cannot be measured empirically across whole river networks, simulation models are critical tools for understanding ... Full text Cite

Increases in the flux of carbon belowground stimulate nitrogen uptake and sustain the long-term enhancement of forest productivity under elevated CO₂.

Journal Article Ecology letters · April 2011 The earth's future climate state is highly dependent upon changes in terrestrial C storage in response to rising concentrations of atmospheric CO₂. Here we show that consistently enhanced rates of net primary production (NPP) are sustained by a C-cascade t ... Full text Cite

Investigation of the bioaccumulation of silver nanoparticles

Conference ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY · March 27, 2011 Link to item Cite

Toxicity reduction of polymer-stabilized silver nanoparticles by sunlight

Journal Article Journal of Physical Chemistry C · March 24, 2011 The environmental and health impacts of nanomaterials are becoming important topics of research in recent years. The unique advantages offered by these nanomaterials in wide range of applications cannot be realized until these concerns are resolved. Among ... Full text Cite

Examining the coupling of carbon and nitrogen cycles in Appalachian streams: the role of dissolved organic nitrogen.

Journal Article Ecology · March 2011 Although regional and global models of nitrogen (N) cycling typically focus on nitrate, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is the dominant form of nitrogen export from many watersheds and thus the dominant form of dissolved N in many streams. Our understandi ... Full text Cite

More than the ions: the effects of silver nanoparticles on Lolium multiflorum.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · March 2011 Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly used as antimicrobial additives in consumer products and may have adverse impacts on organisms when they inadvertently enter ecosystems. This study investigated the uptake and toxicity of AgNPs to the common gr ... Full text Cite

The environmental costs of mountaintop mining valley fill operations for aquatic ecosystems of the Central Appalachians.

Journal Article Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · March 2011 Southern Appalachian forests are recognized as a biodiversity hot spot of global significance, particularly for endemic aquatic salamanders and mussels. The dominant driver of land-cover and land-use change in this region is surface mining, with an ever-in ... Full text Cite

Fire severity mediates climate-driven shifts in understorey community composition of black spruce stands of interior Alaska

Journal Article Journal of vegetation science. · February 2011 Question: How do pre-fire conditions (community composition and environmental characteristics) and climate-driven disturbance characteristics (fire severity) affect post-fire community composition in black spruce stands? Location: Northern boreal forest, i ... Full text Cite

Enhanced root exudation induces microbial feedbacks to N cycling in a pine forest under long-term CO2 fumigation.

Journal Article Ecology letters · February 2011 The degree to which rising atmospheric CO(2) will be offset by carbon (C) sequestration in forests depends in part on the capacity of trees and soil microbes to make physiological adjustments that can alleviate resource limitation. Here, we show for the fi ... Full text Cite

What is a stream?

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · January 2011 Full text Cite

Watershed urbanization alters the composition and function of stream bacterial communities.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2011 Watershed urbanization leads to dramatic changes in draining streams, with urban streams receiving a high frequency of scouring flows, together with the nutrient, contaminant, and thermal pollution associated with urbanization. These changes are known to c ... Full text Cite

Phosphorus export from a restored wetland ecosystem in response to natural and experimental hydrologic fluctuations

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · December 1, 2010 Wetland restoration is a commonly used approach to reduce nutrient loading to freshwater and coastal ecosystems, with many wetland restoration efforts occurring in former agricultural fields. Restored wetlands are expected to be effective at retaining or r ... Full text Open Access Cite

The Water Quality Consequences of Restoring Wetland Hydrology to a Large Agricultural Watershed in the Southeastern Coastal Plain

Journal Article Ecosystems. · November 2010 To ameliorate local and coastal eutrophication, management agencies are increasingly turning to wetland restoration. A large portion of restoration is occurring in areas that were drained for agriculture. To recover wetland function these areas must be ref ... Full text Cite

An ecological perspective on nanomaterial impacts in the environment.

Journal Article Journal of environmental quality · November 2010 Growing concerns over the potential for unintended, adverse consequences of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in the environment have generated new research initiatives focused on understanding the ecological effects of ENPs. Almost nothing is currently know ... Full text Open Access Cite

Environmental occurrences, behavior, fate, and ecological effects of nanomaterials: an introduction to the special series.

Journal Article Journal of environmental quality · November 2010 The release of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into the biosphere will increase as industries find new and useful ways to utilize these materials. Scientists and engineers are beginning to assess the material properties that determine the fate, transport, ... Full text Cite

River restoration, habitat heterogeneity and biodiversity: A failure of theory or practice?

Journal Article Freshwater Biology · January 1, 2010 Stream ecosystems are increasingly impacted by multiple stressors that lead to a loss of sensitive species and an overall reduction in diversity. A dominant paradigm in ecological restoration is that increasing habitat heterogeneity (HH) promotes restorati ... Full text Cite

Twenty-six key research questions in urban stream ecology: An assessment of the state of the science

Journal Article Journal of the North American Benthological Society · December 1, 2009 Urban streams have been the focus of much research in recent years, but many questions about the mechanisms driving the urban stream syndrome remain unanswered. Identification of key research questions is an important step toward effective, efficient manag ... Full text Cite

Elevated CO2 increases root exudation from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) seedlings as an N-mediated response.

Journal Article Tree physiology · December 2009 The degree to which forest ecosystems provide a long-term sink for increasing atmospheric CO(2) depends upon the capacity of trees to increase the availability of growth-limiting resources. It has been widely speculated that trees exposed to CO(2) enrichme ... Full text Cite

Decreasing uncertainties in assessing environmental exposure, risk, and ecological implications of nanomaterials.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · September 2009 Determining the fate and interactions of nanomaterials in complex environmental contexts is required to assess exposure and possible harm as well as to inform regulation. As the nanotechnology industry moves up into the rarified air of trillion dollar econ ... Full text Cite

Restoring biodiversity and ecosystem function: Will an integrated approach improve results?

Journal Article · July 30, 2009 Ecological restorations often focus on restoring communities while ignoring ecosystem functioning, or on ecosystem functioning without regard to communities. This chapter argues that the biodiversity-ecosystem function (BEF) perspective provides an opportu ... Full text Cite

Impacts of nanosilver on microbial activity in wetlands and streams

Journal Article GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA · June 1, 2009 Link to item Cite

Restoring Rivers and Streams

Journal Article · March 15, 2009 AbstractIncreasingly, management agencies are attempting to reverse degradation to rivers through ecosystem restoration, whereby efforts are made to remediate, improve or return degraded rivers back t ... Full text Cite

Stream restoration strategies for reducing river nitrogen loads

Journal Article Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · December 1, 2008 Despite decades of work on implementing best management practices to reduce the movement of excess nitrogen (N) to aquatic ecosystems, the amount of N in streams and rivers remains high in many watersheds. Stream restoration has become increasingly popular ... Full text Cite

New approach for capturing soluble root exudates in forest soils

Journal Article Functional Ecology · December 1, 2008 1. Soluble root exudates are notoriously difficult to collect in non-hydroponic systems because they are released in a narrow zone around roots and are rapidly assimilated by rhizosphere microbes. This has substantially limited our understanding of their r ... Full text Cite

Twenty years apart: Comparisons of DOM uptake during leaf leachate releases to Hubbard Brook valley streams in 1979 versus 2000

Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · September 28, 2008 In seven experiments conducted in late summer 1979 and 2000 extracts of autumn-shed sugar maple leaves and spruce needles were added to two stream reaches of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest at concentrations similar to those found during peak leaf fa ... Full text Cite

Hydrologic spiralling: The role of multiple interactive flow paths in stream ecosystems

Journal Article River Research and Applications · September 1, 2008 We develop and illustrate the concept of 'hydrologic spiralling' using a high-resolution (2 × 2 m grid cell) simulation of hyporheic hydrology across a 1.7 km2 section of the sand, gravel and cobble floodplain aquifer of the upper Umatilla River of northea ... Full text Cite

Understanding, managing, and minimizing urban impacts on surface water nitrogen loading.

Journal Article Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · January 2008 The concentration of materials and energy within cities is an inevitable consequence of dense populations and their per capita requirements for food, fiber, and fuel. As the world population becomes increasingly urban over the coming decades, urban areas w ... Full text Cite

River and riparian restoration in the southwest: Results of the National River Restoration Science Synthesis project

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · September 1, 2007 Restoration activity has exponentially increased across the Southwest since 1990. Over 37,000 records were compiled into the National River Restoration Science Synthesis (NRRSS) database to summarize restoration trends and assess project effectiveness. We ... Full text Cite

Environmental controls on the landscape-scale biogeography of stream bacterial communities.

Journal Article Ecology · September 2007 We determined the biogeographical distributions of stream bacteria and the biogeochemical factors that best explained heterogeneity for 23 locations within the Hubbard Brook watershed, a 3000-ha forested watershed in New Hampshire, USA. Our goal was to ass ... Full text Cite

Restoring rivers one reach at a time: Results from a survey of U.S. river restoration practitioners

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · September 1, 2007 Despite expenditures of more than 1 billion dollars annually, there is little information available about project motivations, actions, and results for the vast majority of river restoration efforts. We performed confidential telephone interviews with 317 ... Full text Cite

Evaluating stream restoration in the Chesapeake Bay watershed through practitioner interviews

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · September 1, 2007 River restoration is an integral part of restoring the Chesapeake Bay. As part of the National River Restoration Science Synthesis (NRRSS), we conducted 47 independent interviews with stream restoration project managers randomly selected from a database of ... Full text Cite

Two decades of river restoration in California: What can we learn?

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · September 1, 2007 As part of the National River Restoration Science Synthesis (NRRSS), we developed a summary database of 4,023 stream restoration projects built in California since 1980, from which we randomly selected 44 records for in-depth interviews with project manage ... Full text Cite

Stream restoration practices in the southeastern United States

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · September 1, 2007 We collected information on 860 stream restoration projects in four states in the southeastern United States - Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, and South Carolina - to gain a better understanding of the practice of stream restoration in this area of high ... Full text Cite

River restoration in the twenty-first century: Data and experiential knowledge to inform future efforts

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · September 1, 2007 Despite some highly visible projects that have resulted in environmental benefits, recent efforts to quantify the number and distribution of river restoration projects revealed a paucity of written records documenting restoration outcomes. Improving restor ... Full text Cite

Forest age, wood and nutrient dynamics in headwater streams of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH

Journal Article Earth Surface Processes and Landforms · July 1, 2007 Instream processing may substantially alter nutrient export from forested watersheds. This study tested how instream uptake of N and P were affected by successional differences in the accumulation of large wood and debris dams in a 66-year chronosequence f ... Full text Cite

Lymphocyte reconstitution following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a retrospective study including 148 patients.

Journal Article Bone marrow transplantation · May 2007 Here we investigated the influence of parameters known before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as well as the relevance of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation on post transplant lymphocyte reconstitution in ... Full text Cite

Restoring streams in an urbanizing world

Journal Article Freshwater Biology · April 1, 2007 The world's population is increasingly urban, and streams and rivers, as the low lying points of the landscape, are especially sensitive to and profoundly impacted by the changes associated with urbanization and suburbanization of catchments. River restora ... Full text Cite

River Restoration in the United States in the 21st Century

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · 2007 Cite

Stream restoration practices in the southeastern US

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · 2007 Cite

Perspective: The challenge of ecologically sustainable water management

Journal Article Water Policy · October 25, 2006 Sustainable water resource management is constrained by three pervasive myths; that societal and environmental water demands always compete with one another; that technological solutions can solve all water resource management problems; and that environmen ... Full text Cite

Stream restoration databases and case studies: A guide to information resources and their utility in advancing the science and practice of restoration

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · June 1, 2006 The successful application of adaptive management to the science and practice of restoration ecology requires specific knowledge about the outcomes of past restoration efforts. Ideally, project results would be readily available to scientists or other proj ... Full text Cite

Hydroecology and river restoration: Ripe for research and synthesis

Journal Article Water Resources Research · March 1, 2006 Research at the intersection of hydrology and ecology is central to a future in which human and ecological needs for water are met. We briefly identify several compelling research questions at this intersection, then focus on a critical research area centr ... Full text Cite

Global change: The nitrogen cycle and rivers

Journal Article Water Resources Research · March 1, 2006 The hydrologic sciences must play a major role in improving our understanding of the transport and fate of the vast amount of reactive nitrogen that is being added to the environment by human activities. Detailed understanding of the function of different ... Full text Cite

Standards for ecologically successful river restoration.

Journal Article Journal of applied ecology. · April 2005 Full text Cite

Ecology. Synthesizing U.S. river restoration efforts.

Journal Article Science (New York, N.Y.) · April 2005 Full text Cite

Restoring watersheds project by project: trends in Chesapeake Bay tributary restoration

Journal Article Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · 2005 Cite

Can't see the forest for the stream? In-stream processing and terrestrial nitrogen exports

Journal Article BioScience · January 1, 2005 There has been a long-term decline in nitrate (NO3-) concentration and export from several long-term monitoring watersheds in New England that cannot be explained by current terrestrial ecosystem models. A number of potential causes for this nitrogen (N) d ... Full text Cite

Buffering an acidic stream in New Hampshire with a silicate mineral

Journal Article Restoration Ecology · September 1, 2004 Ground and pelletized Wollastonite (Wo; CaSiO3) was added to a 50-m reach of an anthropogenically acidified stream within the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, to evaluate its buffering and restoration potential. The Wo was highly effective ... Full text Cite

Ecology. Ecology for a crowded planet.

Journal Article Science (New York, N.Y.) · May 2004 Full text Cite

Controls on periphyton biomass in heterotrophic streams

Journal Article Freshwater Biology · January 1, 2004 1. Headwater streams of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) are typically characterised by a periphyton assemblage of low biomass and diversity. However, periphyton blooms have been observed following catchment deforestation experiments and occasi ... Full text Cite

Bridging engineering, ecological, and geomorphic science to enhance riverine restoration: Local and national efforts

Journal Article Proceedings of the Symposium - Protection and Restoration of Urban and Rural Streams · December 1, 2003 The linkage between the practise of ecology restoration and the science of the restoration ecology is discussed. The restoration of running-water ecosystem was accomplished by a shift from a strict engineering, ecologist and geomorphologists. Ecologist pro ... Cite

In-stream uptake dampens effects of major forest disturbance on watershed nitrogen export.

Journal Article Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · September 2003 Between January 4 and 10, 1998, a severe ice storm impacted large areas of northern New York, New England, and eastern Canada. This storm struck the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire on January 7-8, 1998, and caused extensive forest crown ... Full text Cite

Nitrogen dynamics in ice storm-damaged forest ecosystems: Implications for nitrogen limitation theory

Journal Article Ecosystems · August 1, 2003 Despite the widely recognized importance of disturbance in accelerating the loss of elements from land, there have been few empirical studies of the effects of natural disturbances on nitrogen (N) dynamics in forest ecosystems. We were provided the unusual ... Full text Cite

Whole-system estimates of nitrification and nitrate uptake in streams of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest

Journal Article Ecosystems · August 1, 2002 Although they drain remarkably similar forest types, streams of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) vary widely in their NO3- concentrations during the growing season. This variation may be caused by differences in the terrestrial systems they dra ... Full text Cite

Interactions between herbivorous fishes and limiting nutrients in a tropical stream ecosystem

Journal Article Ecology · July 1, 2002 Ecologists have long been interested in understanding the strengths of consumer and resource limitation in influencing communities. Here we ask three questions concerning the relative importance of nutrients and grazing fishes to primary producers of a tro ... Full text Cite

Dissolved organic carbon enrichment alters nitrogen dynamics in a forest stream

Journal Article Ecology · June 1, 2002 Dissolved organic carbon, DOC, is an important source of carbon for stream heterotrophs. In many systems, bacteria and fungi are carbon limited. Thus, carbon availability may control both the availability and the dynamics of other nutrients (N or P) in het ... Full text Cite

Lessons from kinetic releases of ammonium in streams of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF)

Journal Article Verhandlungen Internationale Vereingung Limnologie · 2002 Cite

Relating nutrient uptake with transient storage in forested mountain streams

Journal Article Limnology and Oceanography · January 1, 2002 Streams control the timing and delivery of fluvial nutrient export from watersheds, and hydraulic processes such as transient storage may affect nutrient uptake and transformation. Although we expect that hydraulic processes that retain water will increase ... Full text Cite

Biogeochemical responses of two forest streams to a 2-month calcium addition

Journal Article Freshwater Biology · April 7, 2001 1. Calcium (Ca) has been lost from forest soils at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) because of decreased atmospheric input of Ca and high input of acid anions. Through time, this Ca loss has led to low streamwater Ca concentration and this chan ... Full text Cite