James Davis CV

Journal Article Prev Med · December 2024 OBJECTIVE: Experts recommend structured shared decision making when discussing lung cancer screening (LCS) and reporting low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) results. We examined patients' reactions to pre- and post-LDCT results communication processes at t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nicotinic Receptor Alpha-5 Subunit Gene Polymorphism is Associated With Heavy Smoking Under a Range of Nicotine Dosing Conditions.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · September 23, 2024 INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to assess the role of the rs16969968 variant of nicotinic receptor alpha-5 subunit in regulating smoking behavior and nicotine intake in response to nicotine manipulations among dependent smokers in a naturalistic environment ... Full text Link to item Cite

A deep cut into early cryptococcal pathogenesis.

Journal Article mBio · August 14, 2024 Dissemination from one organ system to another is common to many pathogens and often the key process separating simple illness from fatal infection. The pathogenic Cryptococcus species offer a prime example. Cryptococcal infection is thought to begin in th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is Lung Cancer Screening Knowledge Associated with Patient-Centered Outcomes? A Multi-institutional Cohort Study

Journal Article MDM Policy and Practice · July 1, 2024 Introduction. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services mandate that clinicians use a shared decision-making interaction to provide information about the harms and benefits of lung cancer screening (LCS). Methods. We enrolled patients from 3 geographi ... Full text Cite

Survival in macrophages induces enhanced virulence in Cryptococcus.

Journal Article mSphere · January 30, 2024 Cryptococcus is a ubiquitous environmental fungus and frequent colonizer of human lungs. Colonization can lead to diverse outcomes, from clearance to long-term colonization to life-threatening meningoencephalitis. Regardless of the outcome, the process sta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal Assessment of Communication With Patient-Reported Outcomes During Lung Cancer Screening

Journal Article Chest · January 1, 2024 Background: Many organizations recommend clinicians use structured communication processes, referred to as shared decision-making, to improve patient-reported outcomes for patients considering lung cancer screening (LCS). Research Question: Which component ... Full text Cite

Access to effective smoking cessation medications in patients with medicare, medicaid and private insurance

Journal Article Public Health in Practice · December 1, 2023 Objectives: Compare financial barriers to the most effective smoking cessation medications - varenicline and combination nicotine replacement therapy (CNRT) across major insurance categories and determine whether these financial barriers impact smoking ces ... Full text Cite

Comparison of Virtual and In-Person Tobacco Treatment Specialist Training

Journal Article Telehealth and Medicine Today · November 3, 2023 Purpose: There is limited research comparing virtual and in-person tobacco treatment specialist (TTS) training. As a result of COVID-19, the Duke-UNC (University of North Carolina) Tobacco Treatment Specialist Training Program (Duke-UNC TTS) transitioned f ... Full text Cite

Adaptive Smoking Cessation Using Precessation Varenicline or Nicotine Patch: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · September 5, 2023 IMPORTANCE: Adaptive pharmacotherapy, ie, starting a medication regimen and then modifying that regimen based on patient response, is common in many medical domains but is not common in smoking cessation. Recently, studies have found that adaptive treatmen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Smoking reduction using electronic nicotine delivery systems in combination with nicotine skin patches.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · September 2023 RATIONALE: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are used by smokers seeking to reduce combustible cigarette (CC) use, but the role of nicotine replacement vs. behavioral and sensory factors is still poorly understood. We hypothesized that providing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Smoking Status, Nicotine Medication, Vaccination, and COVID-19 Hospital Outcomes: Findings from the COVID EHR Cohort at the University of Wisconsin (CEC-UW) Study.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · May 22, 2023 INTRODUCTION: Available evidence is mixed concerning associations between smoking status and COVID-19 clinical outcomes. Effects of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and vaccination status on COVID-19 outcomes in smokers are unknown. METHODS: Electronic h ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Smoking Cessation, Version 3.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

Journal Article J Natl Compr Canc Netw · March 2023 Although the harmful effects of smoking after a cancer diagnosis have been clearly demonstrated, many patients continue to smoke cigarettes during treatment and beyond. The NCCN Guidelines for Smoking Cessation emphasize the importance of smoking cessation ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relations of Current and Past Cancer with Severe Outcomes among 104,590 Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: The COVID EHR Cohort at the University of Wisconsin.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · January 9, 2023 BACKGROUND: There is mixed evidence about the relations of current versus past cancer with severe COVID-19 outcomes and how they vary by patient and cancer characteristics. METHODS: Electronic health record data of 104,590 adult hospitalized patients with ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

"It's a decision I have to make": Patient perspectives on smoking and cessation after lung cancer screening decisions.

Journal Article Prev Med Rep · December 2022 Few studies exist showing that involvement in lung cancer screening (LCS) leads to a change in rates of cigarette smoking. We investigated LCS longitudinally to determine whether teachable moments for smoking cessation occur downstream from the initial pro ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Implementation mapping for tobacco cessation in a federally qualified health center.

Journal Article Front Public Health · 2022 BACKGROUND: Implementation mapping (IM) is a promising five-step method for guiding planning, execution, and maintenance of an innovation. Case examples are valuable for implementation practitioners to understand considerations for applying IM. This pilot ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The first 20 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: Mortality, intubation and ICU rates among 104,590 patients hospitalized at 21 United States health systems.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2022 MAIN OBJECTIVE: There is limited information on how patient outcomes have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study characterizes changes in mortality, intubation, and ICU admission rates during the first 20 months of the pandemic. STUDY DESIGN AND ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Experiences With Smoking Cessation Attempts and Prior Use of Cessation Aids in Smokers With HIV: Findings From a Focus Group Study Conducted in Durham, North Carolina.

Journal Article AIDS Educ Prev · April 2021 Cigarette smoking remains disproportionately prevalent and is increasingly a cause of death and disability among people with HIV (PWH). Many PWH are interested in quitting, but interest in and uptake of first-line smoking cessation pharmacotherapies are va ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Cigarette Smoking and Cessation-Related Interactions With Health Care Providers in the Context of Living With HIV: Focus Group Study Findings.

Journal Article J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care · March 2021 Smoking is disproportionately prevalent among people living with HIV (PLWH) compared with the general population. We conducted five focus groups (n = 24) using semi-structured interview guides to explore perceptions and experiences of smoking and cessation ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Cue-based treatment for light smokers: A proof of concept pilot.

Journal Article Addict Behav · March 2021 INTRODUCTION: Light smoking (smoking ≤ 10 cigarettes per day or on some days) has become increasingly prevalent in the US and increases morbidity and mortality. Many light smokers do not experience significant nicotine withdrawal but instead smoke in respo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

"I Already Know That Smoking Ain't Good for Me": Patient and Clinician Perspectives on Lung Cancer Screening Decision-Making Discussions as a Teachable Moment.

Journal Article Chest · September 2020 BACKGROUND: Lung cancer screening (LCS) is now recommended for people at high risk of dying of lung cancer. RESEARCH QUESTION: The purpose of this study was to use the LCS decision discussion as a case study to understand possible underlying components of ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Combination Lorcaserin and Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation Without Weight Gain.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · August 24, 2020 INTRODUCTION: This study explored the efficacy of combination lorcaserin and nicotine patch for smoking cessation treatment and prevention of postsmoking cessation weight gain. METHODS: We conducted a trial in which 61 adult daily smokers were asked to qui ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Strategies for Referring Cancer Patients in a Smoking Cessation Program.

Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health · August 21, 2020 Most people who smoke and develop cancer are unable to quit smoking. To address this, many cancer centers have now opened smoking cessation programs specifically designed to help cancer patients to quit. An important question has now emerged-what is the mo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Comparison of referral methods into a smoking cessation program.

Journal Article J Comp Eff Res · August 2020 Rational, aims & objectives: The goal of this observational study was to compare three referral methods and determine which led to the highest utilization of the Duke Smoking Cessation Program (DSCP). Materials & methods: We conducted two assessments withi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Health benefits and economic advantages associated with increased utilization of a smoking cessation program.

Journal Article J Comp Eff Res · August 2020 Rationale, aim & objective: The goal of this study was to examine the health and economic impacts related to increased utilization of the Duke Smoking Cessation Program resulting from the addition of two relatively new referral methods - Best Practice Advi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Dextromethorphan and bupropion reduces high level remifentanil self-administration in rats.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · June 2020 Opiate addiction has risen substantially during the past decade. New treatments to combat opiate addiction are sorely needed. The current study was conducted to determine the acute individual and interactive effects of bupropion and dextromethorphan in a r ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A qualitative study exploring cues and other motivators among a racially diverse sample of light and intermittent smokers

Journal Article Journal of Smoking Cessation · March 2020 AbstractIntroductionLight and intermittent smokers (LITS) represent almost 50% of all current smokers. Research is needed to understand smoki ... Full text Cite

USE OF THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD TO INCREASE PATIENT ENGAGEMENT IN A SMOKING CESSATION PROGRAM (SCP)

Conference MEDICAL DECISION MAKING · January 1, 2020 Link to item Cite

A Systematic Approach to Perioperative Smoking Cessation

Journal Article Techniques in Orthopaedics · January 1, 2020 Background:There is compelling evidence that smoking leads to poor postoperative outcomes including increased incidence of wound infection, respiratory infection, sepsis, cardiac arrest, and mortality. There is also compelling evidence that smoking cessati ... Full text Open Access Cite

Association of Lung Cancer Screening Communication and Smoking Cessation Readiness

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · 2020 Cite

The Effect of Brief Mindfulness Training on Brain Reactivity to Food Cues During Nicotine Withdrawal: A Pilot Functional Imaging Study.

Journal Article Mindfulness (N Y) · November 2019 OBJECTIVES: Many individuals who smoke relapse due to weight gain. Mindfulness training has been shown to help smokers quit smoking, and, in other populations, has been used to help people lose weight. This study was designed to assess the effect of one we ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Combination of varenicline and nicotine patch for smoking cessation: A case report.

Journal Article Clin Case Rep · September 2019 Standard pharmacotherapy approaches to treat tobacco use may be ineffective in people with high nicotine dependence. Individuals with high nicotine dependence may be good candidates for a new treatment approach-combination of varenicline and nicotine patch ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Observational Study on a Mindfulness Training for Smokers within a Smoking Cessation Program

Journal Article Mindfulness · December 1, 2017 Mindfulness is a skill of intentionally directing one’s attention to emotions, thoughts, or physical sensations with an open-minded, non-judgmental attitude. Mindfulness can enable a person to experience challenging feelings or situations without reacting ... Full text Open Access Cite

Rationale and Design of the Lung Cancer Screening Implementation. Evaluation of Patient-Centered Care Study.

Journal Article Ann Am Thorac Soc · October 2017 Screening for lung cancer using low-dose computed tomography has been demonstrated to reduce lung cancer-related mortality and is being widely implemented. Further research in this area is needed to assess the impact of screening on patient-centered outcom ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Smoking Cessation, Version 1.2016, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

Journal Article J Natl Compr Canc Netw · November 2016 Cigarette smoking has been implicated in causing many cancers and cancer deaths. There is mounting evidence indicating that smoking negatively impacts cancer treatment efficacy and overall survival. The NCCN Guidelines for Smoking Cessation have been creat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Mindfulness training for smokers via web-based video instruction with phone support: a prospective observational study.

Journal Article BMC complementary and alternative medicine · March 2015 BackgroundMany smokers are unable to access effective behavioral smoking cessation therapies due to location, financial limitations, schedule, transportation issues or other reasons. We report results from a prospective observational study in whic ... Full text Open Access Cite

Randomized trial comparing mindfulness training for smokers to a matched control.

Journal Article J Subst Abuse Treat · September 2014 Smoking continues to take an enormous toll on society, and although most smokers would like to quit, most are unsuccessful using existing therapies. These findings call on researchers to develop and test therapies that provide higher rates of long-term smo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Hair cortisol as a biomarker of stress in mindfulness training for smokers.

Journal Article J Altern Complement Med · August 2014 OBJECTIVES: Stress is a well-known predictor of smoking relapse, and cortisol is a primary biomarker of stress. The current pilot study examined changes in levels of cortisol in hair within the context of two time-intensity matched behavioral smoking cessa ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The secret ingredient in mindfulness interventions? A case for practice quality over quantity.

Journal Article J Couns Psychol · July 2014 As mindfulness-based interventions become increasingly widespread, interest has grown in better understanding which features of these treatments produce beneficial effects. The present study examined the relative contribution of mindfulness practice time a ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Randomized trial on mindfulness training for smokers targeted to a disadvantaged population.

Journal Article Subst Use Misuse · April 2014 We report the results of a randomized trial comparing a novel smoking cessation treatment Mindfulness Training for Smokers (MTS) to a usual care therapy (Controls), which included the availability of a tobacco quit line and nicotine patches. Data were coll ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Optimizing Clinical Trial Enrollment Methods Through "Goal Programming".

Journal Article Appl Clin Trials · 2014 INTRODUCTION: Clinical trials often fail to reach desired goals due to poor recruitment outcomes, including low participant turnout, high recruitment cost, or poor representation of minorities. At present, there is limited literature available to guide rec ... Open Access Link to item Cite

Providing premedical students with quality clinical and research experience: the Tobacco Science Scholars Program.

Journal Article WMJ · October 2013 Undergraduate premedical students face a formidable decision as they work to determine whether to pursue a profession in medicine. Exposure to clinical medicine and research is essential to inform students what it might be like to be a physician. Undergrad ... Open Access Link to item Cite

Pilot randomized trial on mindfulness training for smokers in young adult binge drinkers.

Journal Article BMC Complement Altern Med · September 3, 2013 BACKGROUND: We report results of a pilot study designed to test a novel smoking cessation intervention, Mindfulness Training for Smokers (MTS), in smokers age 18-29 years with regular episodes of binge drinking. Mindfulness is a cognitive skill of applying ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The role of therapeutic alliance in mindfulness interventions: therapeutic alliance in mindfulness training for smokers.

Journal Article J Clin Psychol · September 2013 OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness-based interventions have enjoyed a marked increase in support within biomedical and psychological research and practice in the past two decades. Despite the widespread application of these treatments for a range of psychological and ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

An fMRI investigation of the impact of withdrawal on regional brain activity during nicotine anticipation.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · July 2009 Previous research indicates that drug motivational systems are instantiated in structures that process information related to incentive, motivational drive, memorial, motor/habit, craving, and cognitive control processing. The present research tests the hy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reported lifetime aberrant drug-taking behaviors are predictive of current substance use and mental health problems in primary care patients.

Journal Article Pain Med · November 2008 BACKGROUND: The aim of this report is to determine the frequency of aberrant drug behaviors and their relationship to substance abuse disorders in a large primary sample of patients receiving opioids for chronic pain. METHODS: The data utilized for this re ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Mental training affects distribution of limited brain resources.

Journal Article PLoS Biol · June 2007 The information processing capacity of the human mind is limited, as is evidenced by the so-called "attentional-blink" deficit: When two targets (T1 and T2) embedded in a rapid stream of events are presented in close temporal proximity, the second target i ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A pilot study on mindfulness based stress reduction for smokers.

Journal Article BMC Complement Altern Med · January 25, 2007 BACKGROUND: Mindfulness means paying attention in the present moment, non-judgmentally, without commentary or decision-making. We report results of a pilot study designed to test the feasibility of using Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) (with mino ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite