Scholars@Duke
John Gallis

John Gallis

Biostatistician, Senior
Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
Duke Box 2721, Durham, NC 27710
2424 Erwin Road Ste 1106, 11028A Hock Plaza, Durham, NC 27705
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Selected Publications

Mobile Mindfulness Intervention for Psychological Distress Among Intensive Care Unit Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Intern Med · July 1, 2024 IMPORTANCE: Although psychological distress is common among survivors of critical illness, there are few tailored therapies. OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal method for delivering a mindfulness intervention via a mobile app for critical illness survivor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mobile App-Based Mindfulness Intervention for Addressing Psychological Distress Among Survivors of Hospitalization for COVID-19 Infection.

Journal Article CHEST Crit Care · June 2024 BACKGROUND: Psychological distress symptoms are present and persistent among many patients who survive a critical illness like COVID-19. RESEARCH QUESTION: Could a self-directed mobile app-delivered mindfulness intervention be feasibly and rapidly implemen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Weight Gain Prevention Outcomes From a Pragmatic Digital Health Intervention With Community Health Center Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article J Med Internet Res · March 28, 2024 BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity and its associated comorbidities continue to rise in the United States. Populations who are uninsured and from racial and ethnic minority groups continue to be disproportionately affected. These populations also experi ... Full text Link to item Cite

A cluster-randomized trial of client and provider-directed financial interventions to align incentives with appropriate case management in retail medicine outlets: Results of the TESTsmART Trial in western Kenya.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2024 ACTs are responsible for a substantial proportion of the global reduction in malaria mortality over the last ten years, made possible by publicly-funded subsidies making these drugs accessible and affordable in the private sector. However, inexpensive ACTs ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A cluster-randomized trial of client and provider directed financial interventions to align incentives with appropriate case management in private medicine retailers: Results of the TESTsmART trial in Lagos, Nigeria.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2024 Malaria remains a major health priority in Nigeria. Among children with fever who seek care, less than a quarter gets tested for malaria, leading to inappropriate use of the recommended treatment for malaria; Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT). He ... Full text Link to item Cite

Study protocol for Sauti ya Vijana (The Voice of Youth): A hybrid-type 1 randomized trial to evaluate effectiveness and implementation of a mental health and life skills intervention to improve health outcomes for Tanzanian youth living with HIV.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 OBJECTIVE: Young people living with HIV (YPLWH) experience increased morbidity and mortality compared to all other age groups. Adolescence brings unique challenges related to sexual reproductive health, the elevated importance of peer groups, and often, em ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Day-in-the-Life method for assessing infant caregiving in rural Pakistan.

Journal Article Fam Relat · July 2023 OBJECTIVE: This manuscript describes the Day-in-the-Life (DIL) method for assessing child caregiving activities, its implementation, and findings regarding family members' roles and associations with maternal depression symptoms. BACKGROUND: Infant caregiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stroke and activity limitation in Chinese adults 65 Years or older.

Journal Article Disabil Health J · July 2023 BACKGROUND: Differences in activity limitations between stroke survivors and people with other chronic conditions and how their levels of activity limitation vary by sociodemographic characteristics have not been well quantified. OBJECTIVE: To quantify act ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of the Child-optimized Financial Education (COFE) curriculum among savings group participants in Uganda: A cluster randomised controlled trial

Journal Article Journal of Development Effectiveness · January 1, 2023 This article reports on a post-test only cluster randomized controlled trial that assessed the impact of exposure to the Child-Optimized Financial Education (COFE) curriculum, delivered within Savings and Lending Communities (SILC) in Uganda, on caregivers ... Full text Cite

power swgee: GEE-based power calculations in stepped wedge cluster randomized trials.

Journal Article Stata J · December 2022 Stepped wedge cluster randomized trials are increasingly being used to evaluate interventions in medical, public health, educational, and social science contexts. With the longitudinal and crossover nature of a SW-CRT, complex analysis techniques are often ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stressful life events, intimate partner violence, and perceived stress in the postpartum period: longitudinal findings in rural Pakistan.

Journal Article Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · November 2022 PurposeWhile the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and stress is well documented, the directionality of this relationship is unclear. We use an adjusted longitudinal study design to better understand if stressful life events in t ... Full text Cite

Sauti ya Vijana (SYV; The Voice of Youth): Longitudinal Outcomes of an Individually Randomized Group Treatment Pilot Trial for Young People Living with HIV in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · June 2022 Sauti ya Vijana is a mental health and life skills intervention delivered by young adult group leaders for the improvement of HIV outcomes in young people living with HIV in Tanzania. This pilot randomized controlled trial estimated exploratory interventio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Healthy eating and all-cause mortality among Chinese aged 80 years or older.

Journal Article Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act · May 26, 2022 BACKGROUND: There is little evidence of the influence of dietary patterns on mortality risk among adults 80 years or older ("oldest-old"). We evaluated the association between the Simplified Healthy Eating index (SHE-index) and mortality among Chinese olde ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adverse childhood experiences and implications of perceived stress, anxiety and cortisol among women in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.

Journal Article BMJ open · April 2022 ObjectivesAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to poor maternal mental health. The goal of this study is to examine the associations between ACEs and multiple manifestations of stress (including perceived stress, anxiety and cortisol) a ... Full text Cite

A group-based mental health intervention for Tanzanian youth living with HIV: Secondary analysis of a pilot trial.

Journal Article Medicine (Baltimore) · February 18, 2022 BACKGROUND: Youth living with human immunodeficiency virus (YLWH) are vulnerable to incomplete adherence to antiretroviral therapy in the context of stigma, decreased hope for future, and mental health challenges. Despite these challenges, few mental healt ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Effects of Antenatal Depression and Women's Perception of Having Poor Health on Maternal Health Service Utilization in Northern Ghana.

Journal Article Maternal and child health journal · November 2021 ObjectivesTo examine the effects of antenatal depression and women's perceived health during the antenatal period on maternal health service utilization in rural northern Ghana; including how the effect of antenatal depression on service use might ... Full text Cite

Mobile Mindfulness Intervention for Psychological Distress Among Intensive Care Unit Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Intern Med · July 1, 2024 IMPORTANCE: Although psychological distress is common among survivors of critical illness, there are few tailored therapies. OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal method for delivering a mindfulness intervention via a mobile app for critical illness survivor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mobile App-Based Mindfulness Intervention for Addressing Psychological Distress Among Survivors of Hospitalization for COVID-19 Infection.

Journal Article CHEST Crit Care · June 2024 BACKGROUND: Psychological distress symptoms are present and persistent among many patients who survive a critical illness like COVID-19. RESEARCH QUESTION: Could a self-directed mobile app-delivered mindfulness intervention be feasibly and rapidly implemen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Weight Gain Prevention Outcomes From a Pragmatic Digital Health Intervention With Community Health Center Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article J Med Internet Res · March 28, 2024 BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity and its associated comorbidities continue to rise in the United States. Populations who are uninsured and from racial and ethnic minority groups continue to be disproportionately affected. These populations also experi ... Full text Link to item Cite

A cluster-randomized trial of client and provider-directed financial interventions to align incentives with appropriate case management in retail medicine outlets: Results of the TESTsmART Trial in western Kenya.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2024 ACTs are responsible for a substantial proportion of the global reduction in malaria mortality over the last ten years, made possible by publicly-funded subsidies making these drugs accessible and affordable in the private sector. However, inexpensive ACTs ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A cluster-randomized trial of client and provider directed financial interventions to align incentives with appropriate case management in private medicine retailers: Results of the TESTsmART trial in Lagos, Nigeria.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2024 Malaria remains a major health priority in Nigeria. Among children with fever who seek care, less than a quarter gets tested for malaria, leading to inappropriate use of the recommended treatment for malaria; Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT). He ... Full text Link to item Cite

Study protocol for Sauti ya Vijana (The Voice of Youth): A hybrid-type 1 randomized trial to evaluate effectiveness and implementation of a mental health and life skills intervention to improve health outcomes for Tanzanian youth living with HIV.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 OBJECTIVE: Young people living with HIV (YPLWH) experience increased morbidity and mortality compared to all other age groups. Adolescence brings unique challenges related to sexual reproductive health, the elevated importance of peer groups, and often, em ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Day-in-the-Life method for assessing infant caregiving in rural Pakistan.

Journal Article Fam Relat · July 2023 OBJECTIVE: This manuscript describes the Day-in-the-Life (DIL) method for assessing child caregiving activities, its implementation, and findings regarding family members' roles and associations with maternal depression symptoms. BACKGROUND: Infant caregiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stroke and activity limitation in Chinese adults 65 Years or older.

Journal Article Disabil Health J · July 2023 BACKGROUND: Differences in activity limitations between stroke survivors and people with other chronic conditions and how their levels of activity limitation vary by sociodemographic characteristics have not been well quantified. OBJECTIVE: To quantify act ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of the Child-optimized Financial Education (COFE) curriculum among savings group participants in Uganda: A cluster randomised controlled trial

Journal Article Journal of Development Effectiveness · January 1, 2023 This article reports on a post-test only cluster randomized controlled trial that assessed the impact of exposure to the Child-Optimized Financial Education (COFE) curriculum, delivered within Savings and Lending Communities (SILC) in Uganda, on caregivers ... Full text Cite

power swgee: GEE-based power calculations in stepped wedge cluster randomized trials.

Journal Article Stata J · December 2022 Stepped wedge cluster randomized trials are increasingly being used to evaluate interventions in medical, public health, educational, and social science contexts. With the longitudinal and crossover nature of a SW-CRT, complex analysis techniques are often ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stressful life events, intimate partner violence, and perceived stress in the postpartum period: longitudinal findings in rural Pakistan.

Journal Article Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · November 2022 PurposeWhile the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and stress is well documented, the directionality of this relationship is unclear. We use an adjusted longitudinal study design to better understand if stressful life events in t ... Full text Cite

Sauti ya Vijana (SYV; The Voice of Youth): Longitudinal Outcomes of an Individually Randomized Group Treatment Pilot Trial for Young People Living with HIV in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · June 2022 Sauti ya Vijana is a mental health and life skills intervention delivered by young adult group leaders for the improvement of HIV outcomes in young people living with HIV in Tanzania. This pilot randomized controlled trial estimated exploratory interventio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Healthy eating and all-cause mortality among Chinese aged 80 years or older.

Journal Article Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act · May 26, 2022 BACKGROUND: There is little evidence of the influence of dietary patterns on mortality risk among adults 80 years or older ("oldest-old"). We evaluated the association between the Simplified Healthy Eating index (SHE-index) and mortality among Chinese olde ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adverse childhood experiences and implications of perceived stress, anxiety and cortisol among women in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.

Journal Article BMJ open · April 2022 ObjectivesAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to poor maternal mental health. The goal of this study is to examine the associations between ACEs and multiple manifestations of stress (including perceived stress, anxiety and cortisol) a ... Full text Cite

A group-based mental health intervention for Tanzanian youth living with HIV: Secondary analysis of a pilot trial.

Journal Article Medicine (Baltimore) · February 18, 2022 BACKGROUND: Youth living with human immunodeficiency virus (YLWH) are vulnerable to incomplete adherence to antiretroviral therapy in the context of stigma, decreased hope for future, and mental health challenges. Despite these challenges, few mental healt ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Effects of Antenatal Depression and Women's Perception of Having Poor Health on Maternal Health Service Utilization in Northern Ghana.

Journal Article Maternal and child health journal · November 2021 ObjectivesTo examine the effects of antenatal depression and women's perceived health during the antenatal period on maternal health service utilization in rural northern Ghana; including how the effect of antenatal depression on service use might ... Full text Cite

The impact of a maternal mental health intervention on intimate partner violence in Northern Ghana and the mediating roles of social support and couple communication: secondary analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article BMC public health · November 2021 BackgroundsDiverse intervention efforts are implemented to address intimate partner violence (IPV) against women. Via a syndemics theory lens and emerging empirical evidence, mental health interventions demonstrate promise to partially ameliorate ... Full text Cite

Feasibility and acceptability of a peer youth led curriculum to improve HIV knowledge in Northern Tanzania: resilience and intervention experience from the perspective of peer leaders.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · October 23, 2021 BACKGROUND: Youth Living with HIV (YLWH) have reduced adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and worse virologic outcomes compared to children and adults. HIV peer youth led (PYL) interventions contribute to improved retention in care and psychosocial w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlates of early stimulation activities among mothers of children under age two in Siaya County, Kenya: Maternal mental health and other maternal, child, and household factors.

Journal Article Social science & medicine (1982) · October 2021 RationaleThe first two to three years of life are critical for early child development (ECD), which affects later life trajectories in health, development, and earning potential. Global calls for early stimulation activities to support optimal dev ... Full text Cite

Effect of a lay counselor delivered integrated maternal mental health and early childhood development group-based intervention in Siaya County, Kenya: A quasi-experimental longitudinal study.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · September 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Maternal mental health is linked to early childhood development; yet there is a gap in evidence-based interventions for low-resource settings. This study estimates the impact of 'Integrated Mothers and Babies Course and Early Childhood Developm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Completeness of reporting and risks of overstating impact in cluster randomised trials: a systematic review.

Journal Article Lancet Glob Health · August 2021 Overstating the impact of interventions through incomplete or inaccurate reporting can lead to inappropriate scale-up of interventions with low impact. Accurate reporting of the impact of interventions is of great importance in global health research to pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of a primary care-based integrated mobile health intervention for stroke management in rural China (SINEMA): A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article PLoS Med · April 2021 BACKGROUND: Managing noncommunicable diseases through primary healthcare has been identified as the key strategy to achieve universal health coverage but is challenging in most low- and middle-income countries. Stroke is the leading cause of death and disa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of an Interactive Global Surgery Course for Interdisciplinary Learners.

Journal Article Ann Glob Health · March 31, 2021 INTRODUCTION: Global surgical care is increasingly recognized in the global health agenda and requires multidisciplinary engagement. Despite high interest among medical students, residents and other learners, many surgical faculty and health experts remain ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Common mental disorders and intimate partner violence against pregnant women living with HIV in Cameroon: a cross-sectional analysis.

Journal Article BMC pregnancy and childbirth · March 2021 BackgroundWomen living with HIV are at increased risk of poor mental health and intimate partner violence (IPV). Mental health disorders have been consistently associated with suboptimal HIV-related outcomes. Little is known about the prevalence o ... Full text Cite

A population-based mercury exposure assessment near an artisanal and small-scale gold mining site in the Peruvian Amazon.

Journal Article Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · February 2021 Human exposure to mercury is a leading public health problem. Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is a major source of global mercury emissions. Although occupational mercury exposure to miners (via mercury vapor inhalation) is known, chronic merc ... Full text Cite

Adverse childhood experiences and depression among women in rural Pakistan.

Journal Article BMC public health · February 2021 BackgroundAdverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are a common pathway to adult depression. This pathway is particularly important during the perinatal period when women are at an elevated risk for depression. However, this relationship has not been ... Full text Cite

Optimizing an Obesity Treatment Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy Framework: Protocol for a Randomized Factorial Trial.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · January 18, 2021 BACKGROUND: Effective weight loss interventions exist, yet few can be scaled up for wide dissemination. Further, none has been fully delivered via text message. We used the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) to develop multicomponent interventions tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and correlates of maternal early stimulation behaviors during pregnancy in northern Ghana: a cross-sectional survey.

Journal Article BMC pregnancy and childbirth · January 2021 BackgroundPer UNICEF's Nurturing Care Framework, early childhood development (ECD) begins during pregnancy and many lower-resource settings need data to inform their programs for optimal child development. The maternal-fetal relationship can be pa ... Full text Cite

The syndemic effects of mental ill health, household hunger, and intimate partner violence on adherence to antiretroviral therapy among pregnant women living with HIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2021 BackgroundThis research advances understanding of interrelationships among three barriers to adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among pregnant women living with HIV (WLWH) in Cameroon: probable common mental disorders (CMD), intimate partne ... Full text Cite

Can Electronic Health Records Validly Estimate the Effects of Health System Interventions Aimed at Controlling Body Weight?

Journal Article Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · November 2020 ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare weight collected at clinics and recorded in the electronic health record (EHR) with primary study-collected trial weights to assess the validity of using EHR data in future pragmatic weight loss or weight gain ... Full text Cite

A group-based mental health intervention for young people living with HIV in Tanzania: results of a pilot individually randomized group treatment trial.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · September 4, 2020 BACKGROUND: Increasing numbers of young people living with HIV (YPLWH) have unaddressed mental health challenges. Such challenges are associated with poor antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and high mortality. Few evidence-based mental health intervent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of a peer-delivered, psychosocial intervention on maternal depression and child development at 3 years postnatal: a cluster randomised trial in Pakistan.

Journal Article Lancet Psychiatry · September 2020 BACKGROUND: Maternal depression has a recurring course that can influence offspring outcomes. Evidence on how to treat maternal depression to improve longer-term maternal outcomes and reduce intergenerational transmission of psychopathology is scarce, part ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimizing a self-directed mobile mindfulness intervention for improving cardiorespiratory failure survivors' psychological distress (LIFT2): Design and rationale of a randomized factorial experimental clinical trial.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · September 2020 INTRODUCTION: Although as many as 75% of the >2 million annual intensive care unit (ICU) survivors experience symptoms of psychological distress that persist for months to years, few therapies exist that target their symptoms and accommodate their unique n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Methods for training collaborative biostatisticians.

Journal Article J Clin Transl Sci · August 4, 2020 The emphasis on team science in clinical and translational research increases the importance of collaborative biostatisticians (CBs) in healthcare. Adequate training and development of CBs ensure appropriate conduct of robust and meaningful research and, t ... Full text Link to item Cite

The contribution of grandmother involvement to child growth and development: an observational study in rural Pakistan.

Journal Article BMJ Glob Health · August 2020 INTRODUCTION: Early childhood interventions primarily focus on the mother-child relationship, but grandmothers are often critical in childcare in low-resource settings. Prior research is mixed on how grandmother involvement influences child outcomes and th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Corrigendum: Relative Measures of Association for Binary Outcomes: Challenges and Recommendations for the Global Health Researcher.

Journal Article Ann Glob Health · July 6, 2020 [This corrects the article DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2581.]. ... Full text Link to item Cite

xtgeebcv: A command for bias-corrected sandwich variance estimation for GEE analyses of cluster randomized trials.

Journal Article Stata J · June 2020 Cluster randomized trials, where clusters (for example, schools or clinics) are randomized to comparison arms but measurements are taken on individuals, are commonly used to evaluate interventions in public health, education, and the social sciences. Analy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimizing an Obesity Treatment Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy Framework: Protocol for a Randomized Factorial Trial (Preprint)

Journal Article · April 22, 2020 BACKGROUNDEffective weight loss interventions exist, yet few can be scaled up for wide dissemination. Further, none has been fully delivered via text message. We used the multiphase optim ... Full text Cite

System-integrated technology-enabled model of care (SINEMA) to improve the health of stroke patients in rural China: Statistical analysis plan for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article Int J Stroke · February 2020 BACKGROUND: The system-integrated technology-enabled model of care (SINEMA) trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based multi-component intervention for secondary prevention of stroke in rural China. OBJECTIVE: To present the detailed st ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal depression in rural Pakistan: the protective associations with cultural postpartum practices.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · January 15, 2020 BACKGROUND: Traditional postpartum practices are intended to provide care to mothers, but there is mixed evidence concerning their impact on postpartum depression (PPD). It remains unknown if there is a unique impact of postpartum practices on PPD separate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and Correlates of Depression Among Pregnant Women Enrolled in a Maternal and Newborn Health Program in Rural Northern Ghana: a Cross-sectional Survey.

Journal Article Global social welfare : research, policy & practice · January 2020 Women in many sub-Saharan African countries are at elevated risk of depression during pregnancy. However, there are still gaps in the estimates of antenatal depression and associated risk factors in very low-resource settings such as Northern Ghana. This s ... Full text Cite

cvcrand: A package for covariate-constrained randomization and the clustered permutation test for cluster randomized trials

Journal Article R Journal · December 1, 2019 The cluster randomized trial (CRT) is a randomized controlled trial in which randomization is conducted at the cluster level (e.g., school or hospital) and outcomes are measured for each individual within a cluster. Often, the number of clusters available ... Cite

Randomization procedures for multicomponent behavioral intervention factorial trials in the multiphase optimization strategy framework: challenges and recommendations.

Journal Article Transl Behav Med · November 25, 2019 The multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) is an increasingly popular framework to prepare, optimize, and evaluate multicomponent behavioral health interventions. Within this framework, it is common to use a factorial trial to assemble an optimized multic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relative Measures of Association for Binary Outcomes: Challenges and Recommendations for the Global Health Researcher.

Journal Article Ann Glob Health · November 20, 2019 BACKGROUND: Binary outcomes-which have two distinct levels (e.g., disease yes/no)-are commonly collected in global health research. The relative association of an exposure (e.g., a treatment) and such an outcome can be quantified using a ratio measure such ... Full text Link to item Cite

Father involvement in the first year of life: Associations with maternal mental health and child development outcomes in rural Pakistan.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · September 2019 The contribution of fathers to child development and maternal mental health is increasingly acknowledged, although research on this topic outside of high income countries is limited. Using longitudinal data, we characterized father involvement in a rural s ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Balance protocol: a pragmatic weight gain prevention randomized controlled trial for medically vulnerable patients within primary care.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · May 17, 2019 BACKGROUND: For patients with obesity who are not ready for or experience barriers to weight loss, clinical practice guidelines recommend provider counseling on preventing further weight gain as a first-line treatment approach. Unfortunately, evidence-base ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Cohort Profile: Perinatal depression and child socioemotional development ; the Bachpan cohort study from rural Pakistan.

Journal Article BMJ Open · May 5, 2019 PURPOSE: This is a prospective pregnancy-birth cohort designed to investigate the effects of depression on socioemotional development of children. Perinatal depression is a risk factor for poor child development and for many it has a recurring chronic cour ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of school support on depression among adolescent orphans: a cluster-randomized trial in Kenya.

Journal Article Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · January 2019 BackgroundThe objective of this study was to determine if a school support intervention for adolescent orphans in Kenya had effects on mental health, a secondary outcome.MethodsIn this paper, we analyzed data from a 4-year cluster-randomi ... Full text Cite

Psychosocial determinants of sustained maternal functional impairment: Longitudinal findings from a pregnancy-birth cohort study in rural Pakistan.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2019 Function is an important marker of health throughout the life course, however, in low-and-middle-income-countries, little is known about the burden of functional impairment as women transition from pregnancy to the first year post-partum. Leveraging longit ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Association Between Engagement and Weight Loss Through Personal Coaching and Cell Phone Interventions in Young Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article JMIR Mhealth Uhealth · October 18, 2018 BACKGROUND: Understanding how engagement in mobile health (mHealth) weight loss interventions relates to weight change may help develop effective intervention strategies. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the (1) patterns of participant engagement over ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

cvcrand and cptest: Commands for efficient design and analysis of cluster randomized trials using constrained randomization and permutation tests.

Journal Article Stata J · June 1, 2018 Cluster randomized trials (CRTs), where clusters (for example, schools or clinics) are randomized to comparison arms but measurements are taken on individuals, are commonly used to evaluate interventions in public health, education, and the social sciences ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childcare before age 6 and body mass index at age 7 years in a cohort of Danish children.

Journal Article Pediatr Obes · May 2018 BACKGROUND: Previous studies show inconsistent associations between childcare and obesity. AIMS: Our prior work demonstrated that childcare in infancy was associated with higher weight in a cohort of Danish children. Here, we extend this work and examine c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic status indicators and common mental disorders: Evidence from a study of prenatal depression in Pakistan.

Journal Article SSM Popul Health · April 2018 There is growing interest in the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), poverty, and mental health in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). However, it is not clear whether a gradient approach focused on a wider SES distribution or a binary pov ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Association Between Engagement and Weight Loss Through Personal Coaching and Cell Phone Interventions in Young Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

Journal Article · March 22, 2018 BACKGROUNDUnderstanding how engagement in mobile health (mHealth) weight loss interventions relates to weight change may help develop effective intervention strategies. ... Full text Open Access Cite

The Impact of Hospital Health Network Affiliation on Discharge Communication Preferences of Primary Care Providers.

Journal Article J Ambul Care Manage · 2018 Primary care physicians (PCPs) experience differential postdischarge access to electronic health records, depending upon affiliation with the discharging hospital's health network. To better understand whether this affiliation impacts discharge communicati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Criterion-related validity and reliability of the Urdu version of the patient health questionnaire in a sample of community-based pregnant women in Pakistan.

Journal Article PeerJ · 2018 BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the most prevalent, yet unrecognized but treatable mental disorders in low and middle income countries (LMICs). In such locations, screening tools that are easy-to-administer, valid, and reliable are needed to assist in det ... Full text Link to item Cite

Building resilience: a mental health intervention for Tanzanian youth living with HIV.

Journal Article AIDS Care · 2018 Despite a growing population of youth living with HIV, few interventions have been developed to address their unique mental health needs and to promote resilience. Based on our prior needs assessment, a mental health intervention, Sauti ya Vijana ( The Voi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spatial analysis of food insecurity and obesity by area-level deprivation in children in early years settings in England.

Journal Article Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol · November 2017 BACKGROUND: we assessed manager perceptions of food security and obesity in young children attending nurseries across England, assessing spatial differences by area-level deprivation. METHODS: we conducted an adjusted multinomial logistic regression and an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serum Potassium Levels and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Significant Coronary Artery Disease.

Journal Article Kidney Int Rep · November 2017 INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have increased risks of sudden cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death (SCA/SCD) that are not explained by traditional risk factors. We examined associations between serum potassium and SCA/SCD in a large ... Full text Link to item Cite

Review of Recent Methodological Developments in Group-Randomized Trials: Part 2-Analysis.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · July 2017 In 2004, Murray et al. reviewed methodological developments in the design and analysis of group-randomized trials (GRTs). We have updated that review with developments in analysis of the past 13 years, with a companion article to focus on developments in d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between distance to nearest supermarket and provision of fruits and vegetables in English nurseries.

Journal Article Health Place · July 2017 With 796,500 places available for children in England, pre-school nurseries could serve as an important setting for population-wide dietary intervention. It is critical to understand the determinants of healthy food provision in this setting, which may inc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Review of Recent Methodological Developments in Group-Randomized Trials: Part 1-Design.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · June 2017 In 2004, Murray et al. reviewed methodological developments in the design and analysis of group-randomized trials (GRTs). We have highlighted the developments of the past 13 years in design with a companion article to focus on developments in analysis. As ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effectiveness of the peer delivered Thinking Healthy Plus (THPP+) Programme for maternal depression and child socio-emotional development in Pakistan: study protocol for a three-year cluster randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article Trials · September 8, 2016 BACKGROUND: The negative effects of perinatal depression on the mother and child start early and persist throughout the lifecourse (Lancet 369(9556):145-57, 2007; Am J Psychiatry 159(1):43-7, 2002; Arch Dis Child 77(2):99-101, 1997; J Pak Med Assoc 60(4):3 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of Bilateral vs. Staged Unilateral Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's Disease in Patients Under 70 Years of Age.

Journal Article Neuromodulation · January 2016 OBJECTIVE: The most popular surgical method for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) is simultaneous bilateral DBS. However, some centers conduct a staged unilateral approach advocating that reduced continuous intraoperative time reduce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cell phone intervention for you (CITY): A randomized, controlled trial of behavioral weight loss intervention for young adults using mobile technology.

Journal Article Obesity (Silver Spring) · November 2015 OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect on weight of two mobile technology-based (mHealth) behavioral weight loss interventions in young adults. METHODS: Randomized, controlled comparative effectiveness trial in 18- to 35-year-olds with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) (overwe ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Impact of advancing age on post-operative complications of deep brain stimulation surgery for essential tremor.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · May 2015 Essential tremor (ET) was the original indication for deep brain stimulation (DBS), with USA Food and Drug Administration approval since 1997. Despite the efficacy of DBS, it is associated with surgical complications that cause sub-optimal clinical outcome ... Full text Link to item Cite

River transport of mercury from artisanal and small-scale gold mining and risks for dietary mercury exposure in Madre de Dios, Peru.

Journal Article Environmental science. Processes & impacts · February 2015 Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is a major contributor to deforestation and the largest anthropogenic source of atmospheric mercury worldwide. Despite significant information on the direct health impacts of mercury to ASGM miners, the impact o ... Full text Cite

Effect of advancing age on outcomes of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease.

Journal Article JAMA Neurol · October 2014 IMPORTANCE: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established modality for the treatment of advanced Parkinson disease (PD). Recent studies have found DBS plus best medical therapy to be superior to best medical therapy alone for patients with PD and earl ... Full text Link to item Cite

CVCRAND: Stata module for efficient design and analysis of Cluster Randomized Trials

Software Cluster randomized trials (CRTs), where clusters (for example, schools or clinics) are randomized but measurements are taken on individuals, are commonly used to evaluate interventions in public health and social science. Because CRTs typically involve onl ... Cite

XTGEEBCV: Stata module to compute bias-corrected (small-sample) standard errors for generalized estimating equations

Software Cluster randomized trials (CRTs), where clusters (e.g., schools or clinics) are randomized to comparison arms but measurements are taken on individuals, are commonly used to evaluate interventions in public health, education, and the social sciences. Anal ... Cite

SUMMTAB: Stata module to compute summary statistics overall and/or across levels of a categorical variable

Software Manually typing summary tables from statistical output is tedious, time-consuming, and error-prone. Therefore, it is never recommended to enter tables “by hand.” The summtab command facilitates and automates the creation of a publication-quality summary ta ... Link to item Cite