Scholars@Duke
Russel E. Kaufman

Russel E. Kaufman

Professor Emeritus of Medicine
Medicine, Medical Oncology

Selected Publications

In Vitro Differentiation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages from Monocyte Precursors with Modified Melanoma-Conditioned Medium.

Chapter · 2021 Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of most important components of the tumor microenvironment. Although many assays have been developed to differentiate monocytes into macrophages (Mϕ) for studying the biology of TAMs in vitro, little is known whe ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Genetic Testing Gone Wild.

Journal Article Managed Care (Langhorne, Pa.) · 2019 Cite

The macrophage: Switches from a passenger to a driver during anticancer therapy.

Journal Article Oncoimmunology · December 2015 We have recently discovered that BRAF inhibitors induce potent macrophage responses that confer melanoma resistance to therapy. Our studies lay a foundation for the hypothesis that macrophages switch their role from a passenger to a driver for tumor surviv ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

BRAF Inhibition Stimulates Melanoma-Associated Macrophages to Drive Tumor Growth.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · April 1, 2015 PURPOSE: To investigate the roles of melanoma-associated macrophages in melanoma resistance to BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: An in vitro macrophage and melanoma cell coculture system was used to investigate whether macrophages play a role i ... Full text Link to item Cite

SECTM1 produced by tumor cells attracts human monocytes via CD7-mediated activation of the PI3K pathway.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · April 2014 Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have essential roles in tumor progression and metastasis. Tumor cells recruit myeloid progenitors and monocytes to the tumor site, where they differentiate into TAMs; however, this process is not well studied in humans. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Melanoma-derived conditioned media efficiently induce the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages that display a highly invasive gene signature.

Journal Article Pigment Cell Melanoma Res · July 2012 The presence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in melanomas is correlated with a poor clinical prognosis. However, there is limited information on the characteristics and biological activities of human TAMs in melanomas. In this study, we developed an ... Full text Link to item Cite

K12/SECTM1, an interferon-γ regulated molecule, synergizes with CD28 to costimulate human T cell proliferation.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · March 2012 CD7 is a cell-surface molecule, expressed on T lymphocytes and NK cells, which functions as a costimulatory receptor for T cell proliferation. SECTM1 has been proposed as a ligand for CD7. However, the expression pattern of this molecule in human immune ce ... Full text Link to item Cite

A novel cross-disciplinary multi-institute approach to translational cancer research: Lessons learned from Pennsylvania Cancer Alliance Bioinformatics Consortium (PCABC)

Journal Article Cancer Informatics · December 1, 2007 Background: The Pennsylvania Cancer Alliance Bioinformatics Consortium (PCABC, http://www.pcabc.upmc.edu) is one of the first major project-based initiatives stemming from the Pennsylvania Cancer Alliance that was funded for four years by the Department of ... Cite

Should an academic radiation oncologist be allowed to "opt out" of medicare?

Journal Article J Am Coll Radiol · October 2005 Federal law permits physicians to "opt out" of Medicare. When a radiation oncologist chooses this option, he or she may neither bill nor collect from Medicare, but may legally attempt to charge and collect what he or she considers the value of services pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of the CD7 ligand K-12 in human thymic epithelial cells: regulation by IFN-gamma.

Journal Article J Clin Immunol · January 2005 CD7 is an immunoglobulin superfamily molecule expressed on T, NK, and pre-B lymphocytes. Previous studies have demonstrated a role for CD7 in T- and NK-cell activation and cytokine production. Recently, an epithelial cell secreted protein, K12, was identif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Protecting subjects, preserving trust, promoting progress II: principles and recommendations for oversight of an institution's financial interests in human subjects research.

Journal Article Acad Med · February 2003 The AAMC Task Force on Financial Conflicts of Interest in Clinical Research issued this report, the second of two, in October 2002. (The first report is also published in this issue of Academic Medicine.) This report offers a unique perspective on the new ... Link to item Cite

Wintrobe's Clinical Haematology, 10th edn.

Journal Article British Journal of Haematology · May 1999 Full text Cite

Structure and function of the CD7 molecule.

Journal Article Crit Rev Immunol · 1999 CD7 is a single-domain Ig superfamily molecule expressed on human T and NK cells, as well as on cells in the early stages of T, B, and myeloid cell differentiation. CD7 is highly expressed on malignant immature T cells and is generally absent on malignant ... Link to item Cite

Identification and characterization of K12 (SECTM1), a novel human gene that encodes a Golgi-associated protein with transmembrane and secreted isoforms.

Journal Article Genomics · February 1, 1998 The investigation of a DNase-hypersensitive site upstream of the CD7 gene on chromosome 17q25 has led to the discovery of a novel human gene designated K12 (SECTM1, the HGMW assignment). This gene spans approximately 14 kb and encodes a 1.8-kb mRNA detecte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gamma-globin gene promoter elements required for interaction with globin enhancers.

Journal Article Blood · January 1, 1998 Normal expression of the human beta-globin domain genes is dependent on at least three types of regulatory elements located within the beta-globin domain: the locus control region (LCR), globin enhancer elements (3'beta and 3'Agamma), and the individual gl ... Link to item Cite

Genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the novel ETS factor, PE-2 (ERF).

Journal Article Genomics · June 1, 1997 The members of the ETS family of transcription factors are grouped because they share a highly conserved DNA binding domain. These factors are involved in growth factor pathways and regulate both proliferation and differentiation. To identify ETS factors t ... Full text Link to item Cite

An analysis of alternatively spliced CD45 mRNA transcripts during T cell maturation in humans.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · May 1, 1997 CD45 is a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase found on nucleated hematopoietic cells. In humans, multiple protein isoforms of CD45 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing of exons 4, 5, and 6 coding for the extracellular portion. We measured all e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of human and Xenopus GATA-2 promoters.

Journal Article Gene · November 14, 1996 GATA proteins comprise a family of transcription factors that are required for appropriate development of hematopoietic lineages. In order to understand the transcriptional regulation of GATA genes, we have cloned the human GATA-2 gene and identified and c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complex regulation of human c-kit transcription by promoter repressors, activators, and specific myb elements.

Journal Article Cell Growth Differ · October 1996 The c-kit proto-oncogene is expressed in several tissues during development. To understand the mechanisms controlling the expression of this gene, we characterized the human c-kit promoter. Expression is controlled transcriptionally. The 5'-flanking DNA wa ... Link to item Cite

The mouse CD7 gene: identification of a new element common to the human CD7 and mouse Thy-1 promoters.

Journal Article Immunogenetics · 1996 Human CD7 (hCD7) is a 40 000 Mr member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily that is expressed early in natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte development. CD7 is involved in lymphocyte activation, as ligation of CD7 activates NK and TCRgammadelta T lymphoc ... Link to item Cite

Myotropic Th1 T helper cell lymphoma presenting as granulomatous inflammatory masses in synovium and muscle

Journal Article Journal of Investigative Medicine · January 1, 1996 Human T helper (Th) lymphocyte subsets can be differentiated by cytokine production; Thl cells produce inteferon-gamma and interleukin-2, while Th2 cells produce interleukin-4 and interleukin-5. Imbalance of Th subsets leads to disordered immunity and a my ... Cite

Characterization of human CD7 transgenic mice.

Journal Article J Immunol · September 1, 1995 CD7 is a 40-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein member of the lg gene superfamily expressed on most peripheral blood T lymphocytes and NK cells. CD7 is also expressed on myeloid, NK, B, and T cell precursors during adult hematopoiesis. Because Thy-1 is absent i ... Link to item Cite

Inclusion of a sensitivity control to add a quality-control parameter and improve reproducibility in BCR, immunoglobulin, and T-cell receptor gene-rearrangement studies.

Journal Article Diagn Mol Pathol · December 1994 Molecular analyses to determine clonality of T and B cells in malignant lymphoma and leukemia and to detect the (9;22) translocation in chronic myelogenous leukemia are commonly used in clinical molecular biology laboratories. We describe the inclusion of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Training in subspecialty internal medicine. On the chessboard of health care reform. Association of Subspecialty Professors.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · November 15, 1994 Many reform-minded observers of the U.S. health care system have asked recently whether we are training too many subspecialists in internal medicine. Of course, the answer to this question may not be the same for all subspecialties or all manners of profes ... Full text Link to item Cite

The c-kit proto-oncogene receptor is expressed on a subset of human CD3-CD4-CD8- (triple-negative) thymocytes.

Journal Article Exp Hematol · September 1994 The c-kit receptor is a tyrosine-kinase transmembrane receptor first identified as an oncogene in the HZ4-feline leukemia virus and later found to be important in hematopoiesis in mice. The ligand for this receptor (Steel factor) can stimulate hematopoiesi ... Link to item Cite

A novel beta-globin mutation, beta Durham-NC [beta 114 Leu-->Pro], produces a dominant thalassemia-like phenotype

Journal Article Blood · February 15, 1994 Mutations within exon 3 of the beta-globin gene are relatively uncommon, and many of these mutations produce a dominant thalassemia- like phenotype. We describe a novel thalassemic hemoglobinopathy caused by a single nucleotide substitution (CTG--& ... Full text Cite

A novel beta-globin mutation, beta Durham-NC [beta 114 Leu-->Pro], produces a dominant thalassemia-like phenotype.

Journal Article Blood · February 15, 1994 Mutations within exon 3 of the beta-globin gene are relatively uncommon, and many of these mutations produce a dominant thalassemia-like phenotype. We describe a novel thalassemic hemoglobinopathy caused by a single nucleotide substitution (CTG-->CCG) at c ... Link to item Cite

Two new polymorphisms but no mutations of the KIT gene in patients with myelodysplasia at positions corresponding to human FMS and murine W locus mutational hot spots.

Journal Article Leukemia · November 1993 The KIT proto-oncogene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor which plays a critical role in haemopoiesis. We have screened genomic DNA from bone marrow mononuclear cells of 46 patients with myelodysplasia (MDS) for mutations/deletions of exons 6, 13, 17, and ... Link to item Cite

Genotypic divergence precedes clinical dissemination in a case of synchronous bilateral B-cell malignant lymphoma of the testes.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · June 1993 Malignant lymphoma of the testis occurs bilaterally more often than any other tumor type. We report the case of a 62-year-old man who presented with synchronous, bilateral, testicular malignant lymphomas without clinical or radiologic evidence of extratest ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of the DNase I hypersensitive site 3' of the human beta globin gene domain.

Journal Article Blood · May 15, 1993 The members of the human beta globin gene family are flanked by strong DNase I hypersensitive sites. The collection of sites 5' to the epsilon globin gene is able to confer high levels of expression of linked globin genes, but a function has not been assig ... Link to item Cite

STRUCTURE OF THE CD59-ENCODING GENE - FURTHER EVIDENCE OF A RELATIONSHIP TO MURINE LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN LY-6 PROTEIN (VOL 89, PG 7876, 1992)

Journal Article PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA · 1993 Cite

Two new polymorphisms but no mutations of the KIT gene in patients with myelodysplasia at positions corresponding to human FMS and murine W locus mutational hot spots

Journal Article Leukemia · January 1, 1993 The KIT proto-oncogene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor which plays a critical role in haemopoiesis. We have screened genomic DNA from bone marrow mononuclear cells of 46 patients with myelodysplasia (MDS) for mutations/deletions of exons 6, 13, 17, and ... Cite

INSULATION OF THE BETA-GLOBIN GENE DOMAIN

Journal Article CLINICAL RESEARCH · 1993 Cite

REPROGRAMMING OF HEMIN INDUCED-DIFFERENTIATION BY ETS-LAC Z

Journal Article CLINICAL RESEARCH · 1993 Cite

Structure of the CD59-encoding gene: further evidence of a relationship to murine lymphocyte antigen Ly-6 protein.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · September 1, 1992 The gene for CD59 [membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL), protectin], a phosphatidylinositol-linked surface glycoprotein that regulates the formation of the polymeric C9 complex of complement and that is deficient on the abnormal hematopoietic cells ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cloning and structural analysis of the human c-kit gene.

Journal Article Oncogene · July 1992 The recent identification of the mouse White spotting and Steel loci as genes encoding the c-kit receptor and its ligand, respectively, has shed light on the importance of this ligand and receptor in embryogenesis, melanogenesis and hematopoiesis. In order ... Link to item Cite

Expression and amplification of the HER-2/neu (c-erbB-2) protooncogene in epithelial ovarian tumors and cell lines.

Journal Article Am J Obstet Gynecol · September 1991 Amplification of the c-erbB-2 protooncogene has been associated with a poor prognosis in human breast and ovarian cancers. Our study was undertaken to examine whether amplification, rearrangement, or overexpression of c-erbB-2 and other protooncogenes was ... Full text Link to item Cite

Isolation and characterization of the genomic human CD7 gene: structural similarity with the murine Thy-1 gene.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · January 15, 1991 The human CD7 molecule is a 40-kDa member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily that is expressed on T-lymphoid and myeloid precursors in fetal liver and bone marrow. CD7 is also expressed on T lymphocytes in multiple stages of T-cell development, includi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dissociation of thymidine incorporation and transferrin receptor expression from cell growth and c-myc accumulation in alpha-interferon-treated cells.

Journal Article J Biol Response Mod · April 1990 Alpha-interferon is capable of altering the pattern of growth of both normal and neoplastic cells, but the pathways essential to sensitivity and resistance to alpha-interferon are unknown. To explore the growth inhibition induced by alpha-interferon, we ex ... Link to item Cite

A naturally occurring gamma globin gene mutation enhances SP1 binding activity.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · January 1990 Transcription of the human fetal globin genes in erythroid cells is tightly regulated during different stages of development and differentiation. Two naturally occurring mutations 202 base pairs upstream of the duplicated gamma globin genes are associated ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Naturally Occurring Gamma Globin Gene Mutation Enhances SP1 Binding Activity

Journal Article Molecular and Cellular Biology · January 1, 1990 Full text Cite

Hodgkin's disease presenting as myelofibrosis.

Journal Article Cancer · October 15, 1989 Four patients with Hodgkin's disease and bone marrow fibrosis are presented in whom the clinical presentation was dominated by cytopenias; this was associated with a delayed diagnosis for an average of 20 months. Despite marrow involvement, chemotherapy re ... Full text Link to item Cite

A human gamma globin gene variant binds SP1.

Journal Article Prog Clin Biol Res · 1989 Link to item Cite

Techniques' comparison and report of the North Carolina experience

Journal Article Pediatrics · January 1, 1989 We compared hemoglobin electrophoresis patterns from infant blood samples collected in heparinized capillary tubes and on filter paper. This comparison was performed because hemoglobin electrophoresis of dried blood samples collected on filter paper has be ... Cite

CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ERYTHROID DNASE-I SUPERSENSITIVE SITE

Journal Article CLINICAL RESEARCH · 1989 Cite

Antifibrinolytic therapy in the management of the Kasabach Merritt syndrome.

Journal Article Am J Hematol · September 1988 The Kasabach Merritt syndrome consists of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and a localized consumption coagulopathy that develops within the abnormal vascular channels of a hemangioma. In general, these patients demonstrate only mild ab ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency due to deletion of the ADA gene promoter and first exon by homologous recombination between two Alu elements.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · May 1988 In 15-20% of children with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), the underlying defect is adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. The goal of this study was to determine the precise molecular defect in a patient with ADA-deficient SCID whom we previously ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ascorbic acid specifically increases type I and type III procollagen messenger RNA levels in human skin fibroblast.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · April 1988 In cultured human skin fibroblasts, ascorbic acid stimulates collagen production with no apparent change in the intracellular degradation of newly synthesized procollagen. To understand the basis for this effect, we measured the steady-state levels of type ... Full text Link to item Cite

TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF PROCOLLAGEN SYNTHESIS BY ASCORBIC-ACID

Journal Article JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY · 1988 Cite

Differences in the regulation of messenger RNA for housekeeping and specialized-cell ferritin. A comparison of three distinct ferritin complementary DNAs, the corresponding subunits, and identification of the first processed in amphibia.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · June 5, 1987 The ferritin family is a widespread group of proteins that maintain iron in a soluble form and also protect against the toxic effects of excess iron. The structure and sequence of the proteins are highly conserved. However, the cell-specific features of st ... Link to item Cite

Identification of a deletion in the adenosine deaminase gene in a child with severe combined immunodeficiency.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 15, 1987 A patient with adenosine deaminase-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency is described whose defect is secondary to deletion of a portion of the ADA structural gene. In Southern analyses, DNA from this patient does not hybridize to a genomic probe that ... Link to item Cite

Treatment of murine peritoneal macrophages with bacterial lipopolysaccharide alters expression of c-fos and c-myc oncogenes.

Journal Article J Immunol · October 15, 1986 Expression of the c-fos, c-myc, and c-fms proto-oncogenes has been studied in thioglycollate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages after exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After incubation with LPS (20 ng/ml), a transient and rapid induction of the exp ... Link to item Cite

Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate reduces expression of c-myc during HL-60 differentiation.

Journal Article Blood · August 1986 The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 is induced to differentiate along a myelocytic pathway by dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP). Other cAMP analogs are ineffective as inducing agents. The effect of these compounds on expression ... Link to item Cite

Multiple red cell ferritin mRNAs, which code for an abundant protein in the embryonic cell type, analyzed by cDNA sequence and by primer extension of the 5'-untranslated regions.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · January 15, 1986 Ferritin maintains iron in a bioavailable, nontoxic form for vertebrates and invertebrates, higher plants, fungi, and bacteria; the protein is formed from two classes of subunits (H and L) in ratios which vary in different cell types. Ferritin may be an ab ... Link to item Cite

Regulation of nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression by contractile activity in skeletal muscle.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · January 5, 1986 Increased contractile activity of skeletal muscle augments the volume fraction and enzymatic capacity of mitochondria and suppresses the enzymatic capacity of several cytoplasmic enzymes of glycolysis. To examine the biochemical mechanisms underlying these ... Link to item Cite

PROTOONCOGENES AS REGULATORS OF GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION

Journal Article JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY · 1986 Cite

Polymorphism of DNA sequence in the human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene.

Journal Article J Med Genet · June 1985 The human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene was analysed for the presence of restriction fragment length polymorphisms. DNA from randomly selected unrelated persons of three Southern African populations was cleaved with one of eight different restriction enzyme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Beta-thalassemia resulting from a single nucleotide substitution in an acceptor splice site.

Journal Article Nucleic Acids Res · February 11, 1985 Beta-globin gene mutations which alter normal globin RNA splicing have confirmed the necessity of invariant nucleotides GT at donor splice sites. Functional consequences of point mutations in the invariant AG acceptor splice site have not been determined. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Normal and Mutant Human Collagen Genes

Journal Article Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · January 1, 1985 Full text Cite

A 38 base pair insertion in the pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene of a patient with Marfan syndrome.

Journal Article J Cell Biochem · 1985 Abnormalities in type I collagen have been recognized in a number of connective tissue disorders. In the Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant condition producing a generalized abnormality in connective tissue, no consistent abnormality has been identifie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Isolation and characterization of a human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene segment.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · March 1984 Over 20 kilobase pairs of the human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene have been isolated and characterized by restriction endonuclease mapping, cell-free translation of hybrid-selected RNA, and DNA sequence analysis. We have sequenced an exon and determined its ... Full text Link to item Cite

CLASSES OF AMPLIFIED C-MYC GENES IN HL60

Journal Article CLINICAL RESEARCH · January 1, 1984 Link to item Cite

LOCALIZATION OF THE 5' END OF HUMAN PRO-ALPHA-2(I) COLLAGEN GENE

Journal Article JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY · 1984 Cite

Developmental regulation of ferritin synthesis

Journal Article Federation Proceedings · January 1, 1984 Cite

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HUMAN-ALPHA-(I) COLLAGEN GENE

Journal Article CLINICAL RESEARCH · 1983 Cite

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HUMAN ALPHA-2(I) COLLAGEN GENE

Journal Article JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY · 1983 Cite

Analysis of globin gene structure in patients with beta thalassemia by restriction endonuclease mapping.

Journal Article Hemoglobin · 1981 Twenty-six DNA samples from individuals either heterozygous or homozygous for beta thalassemia were analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion, agarose gel electrophoresis, and Southern blot analysis to define DNA fragments containing portions or all o ... Full text Link to item Cite

A family of long reiterated DNA sequences, one copy of which is next to the human beta globin gene.

Journal Article Nucleic Acids Res · December 20, 1980 An unusually long repeated DNA sequence was identified in cloned DNA, three kb 3' to the human beta-globin gene. Other members of this repeated sequence family were isolated from a human genomic DNA library and characterized by Southern blotting techniques ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cloning and characterization of DNA sequences surrounding the human gamma-, delta-, and beta-globin genes.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · July 1980 The human gamma-, delta-, and beta-globin genes are located within a 30-kilobase (kb) region of DNA, of which only 20% represents the globin genes. We have attempted to define the nature of flanking and intergenic sequences by isolating recombinants contai ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hemoglobin switching in sheep. Cloning and characterization of the beta A and beta-like embryonic globin genes from genomic DNA.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · April 10, 1980 Genomic DNA from a fetal sheep homozygous for the beta A gene was used to construct a library of one million cloned DNA fragments using the bacteriophage vector, Charon 4A. Screening of 150,000 plaques from this library using radioactive beta-globin gene s ... Link to item Cite

Hemoglobin Switching in Sheep

Journal Article · 1980 Cite