Scholars@Duke
Keith G. Meador

Keith G. Meador

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Psychiatry, Child & Family Mental Health & Community Psychiatry
keith.meador@vanderbilt.edu
Box 3825 Med Ctr, DUMC, Durham, NC 27710
0507 Busse Building, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Increasing chaplain support for veterans at high risk for suicide through targeted outreach: A quality improvement initiative.

Journal Article J Health Care Chaplain · 2024 The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has prioritized improving the identification of veterans at risk for suicide and ensuring adequate staffing of personnel to assist veterans in need. It is imperative that suicide prevention efforts make use of the fu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Undiagnosing St Joan: She Does Not Need a Medical or Psychiatric Diagnosis.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · August 1, 2023 This article traces the history of Joan of Arc through her brief life that includes leading an army in defense of France at the age of 17 and ending with her death at the stake at the age of 19. In her activities, St Joan reported that she was guided by vo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring morality: Analyzing the factor structure of the moral foundations questionnaire in veterans.

Journal Article J Clin Psychol · April 2023 OBJECTIVES: Moral reasoning is an underexamined and potentially useful area of research relative to the care of moral injury in veterans. However, the most widely used measure of moral reasoning, the moral foundations questionnaire (MFQ), has not been vali ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chaplain Training in Evidence-Based Practices to Promote Mental Health and Improve Care for Suicidality in Veterans and Service Members.

Journal Article Arch Suicide Res · 2023 OBJECTIVE: Chaplains are key care providers in a comprehensive approach to suicide prevention, which is a priority area for the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD). In a cohort of 87 VA and military chaplains who co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of the Moral Injury Outcome Scale in acute care nurses.

Journal Article Front Psychiatry · 2023 INTRODUCTION: Moral injury, predominantly studied in military populations, has garnered increased attention in the healthcare setting, in large part due to the psychological and emotional consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The measurement of moral inju ... Full text Link to item Cite

The choices we make: Ethical challenges in trauma surgery.

Conference Surgery · July 2022 BACKGROUND: Ethical issues in trauma surgery are commonplace but scarcely studied. We aim to characterize the ethical dilemmas trauma surgeons encounter in clinical practice and describe perceptions about the ability to manage these dilemmas and strategies ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of Potential Moral Injury in Post-9/11 Combat Veterans and COVID-19 Healthcare Workers.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · June 2022 BACKGROUND: Moral injury has primarily been studied in combat veterans but might also affect healthcare workers (HCWs) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: To compare patterns of potential moral injury (PMI) between post-9/11 military combat veterans a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trauma Surgeons' Perceptions of Resuscitating Lethally Injured Patients for Organ Preservation.

Journal Article Am Surg · April 2022 BACKGROUND: Trauma surgeons face a challenge when deciding whether to resuscitate lethally injured patients whose organ donor status is unknown. Data suggests practice pattern variability in this setting, but little is known about why. MATERIALS AND METHOD ... Full text Link to item Cite

Collaborative spiritual care for moral injury in the veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VA): Results from a national survey of VA chaplains.

Journal Article J Health Care Chaplain · 2022 The psychospiritual nature of moral injury invites consideration regarding how chaplains understand the construct and provide care. To identify how chaplains in the VA Healthcare System conceptualize moral injury, we conducted an anonymous online survey (N ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Preface.

Journal Article J Health Care Chaplain · 2022 Full text Link to item Cite

Core Components of Moral Injury Groups Co-Facilitated by Mental Health Providers and Chaplains.

Journal Article Spiritual Clin Pract (Wash D C ) · 2022 Despite increasing interest in moral injury, there is not yet consensus around what it is (and is not), who can have it and under what circumstances, or the degree and form of distress necessary to distinguish moral injury from other psychological and spir ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ecological Health: Ethics as the Starting Place.

Journal Article Perspect Biol Med · 2022 When considering the health and flourishing of humans and human communities, we cannot ignore that we are constitutively bound to the health of ecosystems of which we are a part. As such, global climate change is a central concern for health care and bioet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interdisciplinary Ethics Certificate Program for Graduate Medical Education Trainees.

Journal Article J Grad Med Educ · December 2021 BACKGROUND: Ethics education is an essential component of developing physician competency and professionalism. Although prior studies have shown both a wide interest and a need for ethics education during residency, structured learning opportunities are no ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religion in medicine and health

Journal Article Perspectives in Biology and Medicine · September 1, 2021 Jeff Levin’s Religion and Medicine (2020) offers a substantial review of the multicultural intersections of these significant threads of the human story. While Levin’s framing of the conceptual significance and intellectual implications of these intersecti ... Full text Cite

Screening for moral injury and comparatively evaluating moral injury measures in relation to mental illness symptomatology and diagnosis.

Journal Article Clin Psychol Psychother · January 2021 Moral injury merits further study to clarify its identification, prevalence, assessment and intersection with psychosocial and psychiatric problems. The present study investigated the screening potential of the Brief Moral Injury Screen (BMIS) in a sample ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dynamic Diffusion Network: Advancing moral injury care and suicide prevention using an innovative model.

Journal Article Healthc (Amst) · September 2020 Healthcare providers across a wide variety of settings face a common challenge: the need to provide real time care for complex problems that are not adequately addressed by existing protocols. In response to these intervention gaps, frontline providers may ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religion, spirituality, and suicide risk in Iraq and Afghanistan era veterans.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · August 2020 BACKGROUND: United States military veterans experience disproportionate rates of suicide relative to the general population. Evidence suggests religion and spirituality may impact suicide risk, but less is known about which religious/spiritual factors are ... Full text Link to item Cite

Embedding Ethics Education in Clinical Clerkships by Identifying Clinical Ethics Competencies: The Vanderbilt Experience.

Journal Article HEC Forum · June 2020 The clinical clerkships in medical school are the first formal opportunity for trainees to apply bioethics concepts to clinical encounters. These clerkships are also typically trainees' first sustained exposure to the "reality" of working in clinical teams ... Full text Link to item Cite

Examining faith-based collaboration in U.S. States' suicide prevention guidelines.

Journal Article J Prev Interv Community · 2020 Faith-based communities (FBCs) are recognized by most states as key players within systematic suicide prevention efforts. The aim of the present study was to conduct a thematic analysis of documents that detail the suicide prevention efforts of individual ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of chaplaincy in LGBT veteran healthcare.

Journal Article Spirituality in Clinical Practice · September 1, 2019 For many LGBT veterans, meeting with a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) chaplain marks the first time they are able to openly discuss their sexual and gender identity in the context of their religious/spiritual beliefs. Here we provide an overview of VA ... Full text Cite

A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature authored by medical professionals regarding US biomedicine's role in responding to climate change

Journal Article Preventive Medicine Reports · March 1, 2019 Extant literature illustrates a substantive impact on human health because of climate change. Despite this, discussions of the ethical and policymaking role of US health care's response to this problem are underdeveloped within peer-reviewed literature ind ... Full text Cite

Challenges in Open Access Publishing.

Journal Article JAMA Surg · October 1, 2018 Full text Link to item Cite

Moral Injury: Contextualized Care.

Journal Article J Med Humanit · March 2018 Amidst the return of military personnel from post-9/11 conflicts, a construct describing the readjustment challenges of some has received increasing attention: moral injury. This term has been variably defined with mental health professionals more recently ... Full text Link to item Cite

Veteran Narratives and Suicide Prevention: A Missed Opportunity for Research?

Journal Article Military Behavioral Health · January 1, 2018 Full text Cite

Implementing Integrated Mental Health and Chaplain Care in a National Quality Improvement Initiative.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · December 1, 2017 This column describes the development, implementation, and outcomes of a quality improvement learning collaborative that aimed to better integrate chaplaincy with mental health care services at 14 participating health care facilities evenly distributed acr ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Next Step in Suicide Prevention.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · April 1, 2017 Full text Link to item Cite

A Conceptual Model for the Translation of Bioethics Research and Scholarship.

Journal Article Hastings Cent Rep · September 2016 While the bioethics literature demonstrates that the field has spent substantial time and thought over the last four decades on the goals, methods, and desired outcomes for service and training in bioethics, there has been less progress defining the nature ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chaplains' Engagement with Suicidality among Their Service Users: Findings from the VA/DoD Integrated Mental Health Strategy.

Journal Article Suicide Life Threat Behav · April 2016 Chaplains play an important role in supporting the mental health of current and former military personnel; in this study, the engagement of Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Army, Navy, and Air Force chaplains with suicidality among their service users ... Full text Link to item Cite

Setting medicine in the context of a faithful Christian life

Journal Article Christian Bioethics · April 1, 2016 Christianity is not confined to a box. It is not private as opposed to public, personal as opposed to professional. Our Lord has called each of us, and all of us together, to be his witnesses "to the ends of the earth." The evidence of his salvation should ... Full text Cite

Possibilities within acceptance and commitment therapy for approaching moral injury

Journal Article Current Psychiatry Reviews · August 1, 2015 Moral injury and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) are both topics that have only quite recently been introduced into the mental health literature. Although inquiries into these two domains have been advanced independent from one another, both challe ... Full text Cite

Medicine and religion: Wild strawberries

Chapter · May 27, 2015 This chapter uses the film Wild Strawberries (1957) to set the stage for a discussion of the engagement of religion and spirituality in medicine and health care. The film tells the story of a road journey taken by 76-year-old Professor Izak Borg (Victor Sj ... Full text Cite

Collaborating across the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Defense to integrate mental health and chaplaincy services.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · December 2014 BACKGROUND: Recognizing that clergy and spiritual care providers are a key part of mental health care systems, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) jointly examined chaplains' current and potential roles in caring for vet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pastoral care use among post-9/11 veterans who screen positive for mental health problems.

Journal Article Psychol Serv · August 2014 As a result of their military experience, veterans with mental health problems may have unique motivations for seeking help from clergy. Patterns and correlates of seeking pastoral care were examined using a nationwide representative survey that was conduc ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Role of Military and Veterans Affairs Chaplains in the Treatment of Alcohol Problems

Journal Article Pastoral Psychology · February 1, 2014 Chaplains can play a unique and valuable role in the treatment of alcohol dependence, a condition that has physical, psychological, and spiritual dimensions. To best fulfill this role, chaplains need to have a broad understanding of the nature of alcohol p ... Full text Cite

Evidence-based chaplaincy care: attitudes and practices in diverse healthcare chaplain samples.

Journal Article J Health Care Chaplain · 2014 Leaders in health care chaplaincy and practice guidelines, such as the Association of Professional Chaplains' Standards of Practice, call for chaplains to develop an evidence-based approach to their work. The extent to which practicing chaplains accept thi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Clergy Occupational Distress Index (CODI): background and findings from two samples of clergy.

Journal Article J Relig Health · June 2013 This study demonstrates the reliability and validity of the Clergy Occupational Distress Index (CODI). The five-item index allows researchers to measure the frequency that clergy, who traditionally have not been the subject of occupational health studies, ... Full text Link to item Cite

A spiritual problem? Primary care physicians' and psychiatrists' interpretations of medically unexplained symptoms.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · March 2013 BACKGROUND: Patients commonly present to their physicians with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), and there is no consensus about how physicians should interpret or treat such symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To examine how variations in physicians' interpretations ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychotropic medication claims among religious clergy.

Journal Article Psychiatr Q · March 2013 This study examined psychotropic medication claims in a sample of Protestant clergy. It estimated the proportion of clergy in the sample who had a claim for psychotropic medication (i.e., anti-depressants and anxiolytics) in 2005 and examined associations ... Full text Link to item Cite

Two of the Authors reply

Journal Article American Journal of Epidemiology · February 1, 2013 Full text Cite

Confidentiality and mental health/chaplaincy collaboration

Journal Article Military Psychology · January 1, 2013 Confidentiality can both facilitate and inhibit working relationships of chaplains and mental health professionals addressing the needs of service members and veterans in the United States. Researchers conducted this study to examine opportunities for impr ... Full text Cite

Chaplaincy and mental health in the department of Veterans affairs and department of defense.

Journal Article J Health Care Chaplain · 2013 Chaplains play important roles in caring for Veterans and Service members with mental health problems. As part of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) Integrated Mental Health Strategy, we used a sequential approach to ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary care physicians' and psychiatrists' approaches to treating mild depression.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand · November 2012 OBJECTIVE: To measure how primary care physicians (PCPs) and psychiatrists treat mild depression. METHOD: We surveyed a national sample of US PCPs and psychiatrists using a vignette of a 52-year-old man with depressive symptoms not meeting Major Depressive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physicians' beliefs about faith-based treatments for alcoholism.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2012 OBJECTIVE: The study examined physicians' beliefs about faith-based alcohol treatments vis-à-vis Alcoholics Anonymous, pharmacologic treatment, and residential treatment. METHODS: A survey was mailed to a national sample of U.S. primary care physicians and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religious service attendance and major depression: a case of reverse causality?

Journal Article Am J Epidemiol · March 15, 2012 Although previous studies have found a protective association between attendance at religious services and depression, the extent to which this association is driven by depressed persons' dropping out of religious activities is not clear. The authors exami ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recollections of Childhood Religious Identity and Behavior as a Function of Adult Religiousness.

Journal Article Int J Psychol Relig · 2012 People have a strong motivation to maintain a self-concept that is coherent and consistent over time. Religion is an central source of social identity for many people, but its importance is prone to dramatic change across the life course. To maintain a con ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religiosity is an important part of coping with grief in pregnancy after a traumatic second trimester loss.

Journal Article J Relig Health · December 2011 Women (n = 15) who were pregnant after a traumatic late pregnancy loss (termination because of fetal death or serious anomalies) completed psychometric screening tests and scales, including the Perinatal Grief Scale (PGS), the Impact of Event Scale (IES), ... Full text Link to item Cite

"It's medically proven!": Assessing the dissemination of religion and health research.

Journal Article J Relig Health · December 2011 The recent proliferation of research on the connection between religion and health has raised concerns among some scholars about how these studies affect people's understanding of that connection. However, such concerns assume that religion and health rese ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rethinking professionalism in medical education through formation.

Journal Article Fam Med · May 2011 Contemporary educational approaches to professionalism do not take into account the dominant influence that the culture of academic medicine has on the nascent professional attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of medical learners. This article examines format ... Link to item Cite

Spiritual needs of couples facing pregnancy termination because of fetal anomalies.

Journal Article J Pastoral Care Counsel · 2011 The spiritual needs of couples (9 mothers and 5 fathers) who were planning to terminate wanted second trimester pregnancies because of serious fetal anomalies were surveyed. Their greatest needs were for a "guidance from a higher power" and for "someone to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Public's view of mental health services for the elderly: responses to Dear Abby.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · November 2010 The need for adequate mental health services for older adults is an increasingly urgent issue as the life expectancy of Americans continues to extend; yet there are unresolved questions regarding the public's perception of service needs. The Group for the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Episcopal measure of faith tradition: a context-specific approach to measuring religiousness.

Journal Article J Relig Health · June 2010 Precise measurement of religiousness remains a vexing problem. In addition to relying almost exclusively on self-report, existing measures of religiousness pay little attention to the specific context of religious belief, and this may override distinctive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spirituality in medical school curricula: findings from a national survey.

Journal Article Int J Psychiatry Med · 2010 OBJECTIVE: No systematic information exists on what U.S. medical schools are teaching on spirituality and health or on the attitudes of faculty toward inclusion of this subject in the medical curriculum. We systematically surveyed U.S. medical school deans ... Full text Link to item Cite

When Patients Say, "It's in God's Hands.".

Journal Article Virtual Mentor · October 1, 2009 Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring religiousness in health research: review and critique.

Journal Article J Relig Health · June 2008 Although existing measures of religiousness are sophisticated, no single approach has yet emerged as a standard. We review the measures of religiousness most commonly used in the religion and health literature with particular attention to their limitations ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hitting the target: why existing measures of "religiousness" are really reverse-scored measures of "secularism".

Journal Article Explore (NY) · 2008 Over 100 measures of religiousness and spirituality are used in research investigating the associations between religion and health. These measures are often used to assess "religiousness in general," but this approach lumps together widely divergent world ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religion, spirituality, and medicine: psychiatrists' and other physicians' differing observations, interpretations, and clinical approaches.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 2007 OBJECTIVE: This study compared the ways in which psychiatrists and nonpsychiatrists interpret the relationship between religion/spirituality and health and address religion/spirituality issues in the clinical encounter. METHOD: The authors mailed a survey ... Full text Link to item Cite

In reply [4]

Journal Article Psychiatric Services · November 1, 2007 Full text Cite

Racial differences in antidepressant treatment preceding suicide in a Medicaid population.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2007 OBJECTIVE: African Americans have less use of antidepressants than whites, suggesting racial differences in the diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders. This study assessed whether this racial disparity is present among patients with a very high risk of ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between psychiatry and religion among U.S. physicians.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · September 2007 OBJECTIVE: This study compared the religious characteristics of psychiatrists with those of other physicians and explored whether nonpsychiatrist physicians who are religious are less willing than their colleagues to refer patients to psychiatrists and psy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Congregational health ministries: a national study of pastors' views.

Journal Article Public Health Nurs · 2007 OBJECTIVES: Since the 1980s, there has been a growing, but little studied, movement that organizes church-based health services under the direction of a coordinator, usually a registered nurse. These Congregational Health Ministries (CHMs) emphasize health ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spirituality and care at the end of life.

Journal Article South Med J · October 2006 Full text Link to item Cite

Heal Thyself: Spirituality, Medicine, and the Distortion of Christianity

Book · February 1, 2006 Sickness and suffering are nearly universal human concerns, and many of the world's great religious traditions are devoted, in part, to teaching their adherents how to live faithfully in the midst of these unhappy realities. A recent spate of scholarly and ... Full text Cite

Lifetime sexual and physical victimization among male veterans with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Mil Med · September 2005 Because of the high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among veteran men and the limited research on victimization in this group, we recruited 133 male veterans with combat-related PTSD from a psychiatric inpatient unit and assessed them f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spirituality and health in a therapeutic culture.

Journal Article Virtual Mentor · May 1, 2005 Full text Link to item Cite

Social versus individual motivation: implications for normative definitions of religious orientation.

Journal Article Pers Soc Psychol Rev · 2005 The traditional interpretation of "intrinsic" religiousness has fostered an unchallenged assumption that normative and substantive religious motivation is inherently individual and personal. Social motives for religiousness and structured practices have be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religion, spirituality, and acute care hospitalization and long-term care use by older patients.

Journal Article Arch Intern Med · July 26, 2004 BACKGROUND: The impact of religion and spirituality on acute care hospitalization (ACH) and long-term care (LTC) in older patients before, during, and after ACH is not well known. METHODS: Patients 50 years or older consecutively admitted to the general me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spiritual turning points and perceived control over the life course.

Journal Article Int J Aging Hum Dev · 2004 Recent evidence indicates that spirituality and religion are associated with both physical and psychological health. Because a belief that rewards are largely determined by external forces tends to be detrimental to mental health, the idea that God can be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial differences in hepatitis B and hepatitis C and associated risk behaviors in veterans with severe mental illness.

Journal Article J Natl Med Assoc · January 2004 Racial differences in the seroprevalence of and risks for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) were examined in military veterans with severe mental illnesses (SMI). Participants (376; 155 Caucasian, 221 African American) were inpatients at a Veterans A ... Link to item Cite

Conceptualizing "religion": How language shapes and constrains knowledge in the study of religion and health.

Journal Article Perspect Biol Med · 2004 Despite recent advances in the field of religion and health, meaningful findings will increasingly depend on the capacity to conceptualize "religion" properly. To date, scientists' conception of religion has been shaped by the Enlightenment paradigm. Howev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religion and health in life course perspective

Conference RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES ON HEALTH AND WELL-BEING IN THE ELDERLY · January 1, 2004 Link to item Cite

Religion, Spirituality, and Health Service Use by Older Hospitalized Patients

Journal Article Journal of Religion and Health · December 1, 2003 Background: Religious and spiritual beliefs and practices are common among medical inpatients, and may impact length of hospital stay (LOS) and other health services (HSU) during hospitalization. Methods: 812 consecutively admitted patients age 50 or over ... Full text Cite

Risk factors for HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2003 OBJECTIVE: Previous reports have indicated that persons with severe mental illness have an elevated risk of contracting HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C compared with the general population. This study extends earlier findings by examining the factors tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender differences in hepatitis C infection and risks among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2003 OBJECTIVES: The authors assessed gender differences in hepatitis C infection and associated risk behaviors among persons with severe mental illness. METHOD: S: The sample consisted of 777 patients (251 women and 526 men) from four sites. RESULTS: Across si ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of a mental health "carve-out" program on the continuity of antipsychotic therapy.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · May 8, 2003 BACKGROUND: On July 1, 1996, as a cost-containment strategy, Tennessee's expanded Medicaid program, TennCare, rapidly shifted the provision of mental health services to a fully capitated, specialty "carve-out" program, TennCare Partners. We studied the eff ... Full text Link to item Cite

The social-environmental context of violent behavior in persons treated for severe mental illness.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · September 2002 OBJECTIVES: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of violent behavior by individuals with severe mental illness. METHODS: Participants (N = 802) were adults with psychotic or major mood disorders receiving inpatient or outpatient services in pu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antipsychotics and the risk of sudden cardiac death.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · December 2001 BACKGROUND: Case reports link antipsychotic drugs with sudden cardiac deaths, which is consistent with dose-related electrophysiologic effects. Because this association has not been confirmed in controlled studies, we conducted a retrospective cohort study ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Spiritual History Scale in four dimensions (SHS-4): validity and reliability.

Journal Article Gerontologist · April 2001 The goals of this study were to develop a valid, reliable measure of lifetime religious and spiritual experience and to assess its value in explaining late-life health. Procedures included semi-structured interviews with Duke Aging Center volunteers (n = 3 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Who/se we are: baptism as personhood.

Journal Article Christ Bioeth · April 2000 The attempt to arrive at some consensus on precisely what qualifies a human as a persons represents one of the more persistently debated and widely significant issues in modern biomedical ethics. The attribution of personhood has been and continues to be a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Growing Old in a Therapeutic Culture

Journal Article Theology Today · January 1, 2000 Full text Cite

Does religious attendance prolong survival? A six-year follow-up study of 3,968 older adults.

Journal Article J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci · July 1999 METHODS: A probability sample of 3,968 community-dwelling adults aged 64-101 years residing in the Piedmont of North Carolina was surveyed in 1986 as part of the Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (EPESE) program of the Na ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suicidal behaviors in depressed men with a family history of suicide: Effects of psychosocial factors and age

Journal Article Aging and Mental Health · January 1, 1998 Effects of impaired social support and stressful life events on non-lethal suicidal behaviors were examined in a clinical sample of high-risk patients: depressed adult men with a family history of suicide or attempted suicide. All subjects (N = 79) were pa ... Full text Cite

Use of antidepressants by nonpsychiatrists in the treatment of medically ill hospitalized depressed elderly patients.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · October 1997 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine antidepressant use by nonpsychiatrists in the treatment of depressed elderly medical inpatients. METHOD: Patients aged 60 or older who were admitted to medical services at Duke Hospital were evaluated by ... Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized trial of a consultation service to reduce falls in nursing homes.

Journal Article JAMA · August 20, 1997 CONTEXT: Falls are a major health problem in nursing homes, but no interventions have been shown to prevent falls in nursing home residents. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an intervention program designed to prevent falls and associated injuries in high-risk nursi ... Link to item Cite

Religion index for psychiatric research.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · June 1997 Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of antipsychotic withdrawal or dose reduction in a randomized controlled trial of provider education.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · February 1997 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of an educational program to reduce antipsychotic use in nursing homes that had high use rates post-OBRA-87 and to identify factors that predicted antipsychotic withdrawal or 50% or greater dose reduction. DESIGN/SETTING ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religious coping in the nursing home: a biopsychosocial model.

Journal Article Int J Psychiatry Med · 1997 OBJECTIVE: To examine psychosocial and physical health correlates of religious coping in medically ill chronically institutionalized older adults. Religious coping is defined as the extent to which persons use religious beliefs and practices to help them t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religious affiliation and psychiatric disorder among Protestant baby boomers.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · June 1994 OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the relationship between religious affiliation and psychiatric disorder among Protestant members of the baby-boom generation (those born between 1945 and 1966) who resided in the Piedmont area of North Carolina. METHODS: Dat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of antipsychotic withdrawal in elderly nursing home residents.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · March 1994 OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of antipsychotic withdrawal in elderly nursing home residents. DESIGN: Longitudinal prospective study. SETTING: 12 community nursing homes that participated in a randomized controlled trial of an educational program designed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religious practices and alcoholism in a southern adult population.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · March 1994 OBJECTIVE: The study examined associations between religious variables and alcohol abuse and dependence among 2,969 North Carolina residents aged 18 to 97 who participated in the 1983-1984 National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area su ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing antipsychotic drug use in nursing homes. A controlled trial of provider education.

Journal Article Arch Intern Med · March 22, 1993 OBJECTIVE: In the United States, 20% or more of nursing home residents receive antipsychotic drugs, primarily for the behavioral manifestations of dementia. This high level of use of drugs with substantial toxicity has engendered a strong and persistent co ... Link to item Cite

Religion and anxiety disorder: An examination and comparison of associations in young, middle-aged, and elderly adults

Journal Article Journal of Anxiety Disorders · January 1, 1993 We examined and compared associations between religious variables and anxiety disorders in 1025 young (ages 18 to 39), 645 middle-aged (ages 40 to 59), and 1299 elderly (ages 60 to 97) community-dwelling adults who participated in Wave II of the Piedmont N ... Full text Cite

Religious coping and depression among elderly, hospitalized medically ill men.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 1992 OBJECTIVE: The investigators examined the frequency of religious coping among older medical inpatients, the characteristics of those who use it, and the relation between this behavior and depression. METHOD: The subjects were 850 men aged 65 years and over ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religious affiliation and major depression.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · December 1992 Data from the Duke Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey were used to examine the relationship between religious affiliation and major depression among 2,850 adults in the community. Religious affiliations were categorized into six groups: mainline Protestan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Screening for depression in hospitalized elderly medical patients: taking a closer look.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · October 1992 OBJECTIVE: To re-examine the test characteristics of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Brief Carroll Depression Rating Scale (BCDRS) in elderly medical inpatients, simulating the procedure followed by clinicians when using screening instruments. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term follow-up of unsuccessful violent suicide attempts: risk factors for subsequent attempts.

Journal Article J Trauma · September 1992 STUDY POPULATION: Of 9046 consecutive trauma admissions, all suicide attempts (n = 156) were identified: 38 patients (24%) died in hospital; 118 (76%) were discharged and received long-term follow-up (mean = 2.8 years). Factors assessed included suicidal i ... Link to item Cite

The Nursing Home Behavior Problem Scale.

Journal Article J Gerontol · January 1992 Nursing home patients frequently have serious disturbances of behavior that can lead to use of chemical or physical restraints. To support research into better management of these problems, we developed the Nursing Home Behavior Problem Scale (NHBPS), a 29 ... Full text Link to item Cite

A brief depression scale for use in the medically ill.

Journal Article Int J Psychiatry Med · 1992 OBJECTIVE: Using items from two existing depression scales, we have sought to develop a brief self-rated instrument for detecting major depressive disorder (M.D.D.) in medically ill, hospitalized patients. METHOD: Forty-two items from the Geriatric Depress ... Full text Link to item Cite

Self-rated depressive symptoms in medical inpatients: age and racial differences.

Journal Article Int J Psychiatry Med · 1992 One thousand and eleven men under age forty (n = 161) or over age sixty-four (n = 850) admitted to medical and neurological services of an acute care hospital were screened for depressive symptoms as part of the Durham VA Mental Health Survey. Thirty-three ... Full text Link to item Cite

Major depressive disorder in hospitalized medically ill patients: an examination of young and elderly male veterans.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · September 1991 OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology of depressive disorder in younger and older medical inpatients. DESIGN, PATIENTS, & SETTING: Depressive disorders were examined using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule in 116 young and 332 elderly medically ill men hosp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Religious coping and personality in later life

Journal Article International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · January 1, 1990 A stratified random subsample of 100 older adults from long‐term participants of the Second Duke Longitudinal Study was interviewed concerning how they coped with three stressful event periods. Responses to open‐ended coping questions were categorized as r ... Full text Cite

Antidepressant use in elderly medical inpatients: lessons from an attempted clinical trial.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · 1989 The authors conducted a clinical trial to examine the efficacy and safety of nortriptyline in the treatment of major depression in elderly medical inpatients. The diagnosis of major depression was made by a psychiatrist in 41 of 680 patients 65 years of ag ... Full text Link to item Cite

Major depression and the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: validation in medically ill hospitalized patients.

Journal Article Int J Psychiatry Med · 1989 The authors validate the usefulness of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) in prevalence studies of major depression (MD) in medically ill male veterans. The affective disorders portion of the DIS was administered by a trained interviewer to a represen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tribulin in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Psychol Med · November 1988 Tribulin (endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitor/benzodiazepine receptor binding inhibitor) output was measured in the urine of 18 patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 13 controls. The level of the two inhibitory activities was highly si ... Full text Link to item Cite

The couch and the cloth: the need for linkage.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · October 1988 Data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study were used to compare the demographic characteristics and psychiatric symptomatology of persons classified into four groups based on source of mental health services: clergy only, mental health specialists on ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depression in elderly hospitalized patients with medical illness.

Journal Article Arch Intern Med · September 1988 Depressive symptoms and disorders were identified by structured psychiatric interview in 130 consecutively admitted male inpatients aged 70 years and over. Major depression was found in 11.5% and other depressive syndromes in 23%. While depressive symptoms ... Link to item Cite

Self-rated depression scales and screening for major depression in the older hospitalized patient with medical illness.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · August 1988 Until now, no self-rated depression scale had been validated as a screening measure for major depression in the older patient hospitalized with medical illness. The present report establishes the validity of two brief, easily administered depression screen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Detection and treatment of major depression in older medically ill hospitalized patients.

Journal Article Int J Psychiatry Med · 1988 While major depression is common among medically ill older inpatients, little is known about the frequency of detection or appropriate treatment in this population. In the present study, 171 consecutive men age seventy and over admitted to the medical and ... Full text Link to item Cite

The DST and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · August 1987 The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was administered to 28 male combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Six subjects (21%) were nonsuppressors. The nonsuppression rates for the subgroups with and without major depressive disorder according ... Full text Link to item Cite

Geriatric mental health care.

Journal Article Gerontol Geriatr Educ · 1987 Full text Link to item Cite