Scholars@Duke
Michael H. Merson

Michael H. Merson

Wolfgang Joklik Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Global Health
Medicine, General Internal Medicine
michael.merson@duke.edu
Box 90519, Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC 27708
310 Trent Drive, Office 335, Box 90519, Durham, NC 27708

Selected Publications

Low antibody levels associated with significantly increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a highly vaccinated population from the US National Basketball Association

Conference Journal of Medical Virology · March 1, 2024 SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels may serve as a correlate for immunity and could inform optimal booster timing. The relationship between antibody levels and protection from infection was evaluated in vaccinated individuals from the US National Basketball Associa ... Full text Cite

The "Bubble": What Can Be Learned from the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2019-20 Season Restart in Orlando during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Journal Article J Appl Lab Med · November 2, 2023 BACKGROUND: The National Basketball Association (NBA) suspended operations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. To safely complete the 2019-20 season, the NBA created a closed campus in Orlando, Florida, known as the NBA "Bubble." More than ... Full text Link to item Cite

World Health Organization and knowledge translation in maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition.

Journal Article Arch Dis Child · July 2022 The World Health Organization (WHO) has a mandate to promote maternal and child health and welfare through support to governments in the form of technical assistance, standards, epidemiological and statistical services, promoting teaching and training of h ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Reinfection: A Case Series From a 12-Month Longitudinal Occupational Cohort.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · May 3, 2022 Findings are described in 7 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reinfection from the National Basketball Association 2020-2021 occupational testing cohort, including clinical details, antibody test results, genomic sequencing, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Drivers of the reduction in childhood diarrhea mortality 1980-2015 and interventions to eliminate preventable diarrhea deaths by 2030.

Journal Article J Glob Health · December 2019 BACKGROUND: Childhood diarrhea deaths have declined more than 80% from 1980 to 2015, in spite of an increase in the number of children in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Possible drivers of this remarkable accomplishment can guide the further redu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Factors associated with the decline in under-five diarrhea mortality in India: a LiST analysis.

Journal Article J Glob Health · December 2019 BACKGROUND: India has achieved 86% reduction in the number of under-five diarrheal deaths from 1980 to 2015. Nonetheless diarrhea is still among the leading causes of under-five deaths. The aim of this analysis was to study the contribution of factors that ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Evolution of the World Health Organization's programmatic actions to control diarrheal diseases.

Journal Article J Glob Health · December 2019 The Program for the Control of Diarrheal Diseases (CDD) of the World Health Organization (WHO) was created in 1978, the year the Health for All Strategy was launched at the Alma Ata International Conference on Primary Health Care. CDD quickly became one of ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Introductory commentary: a strategic review of options for building on lessons learnt from IMCI and iCCM.

Journal Article BMJ · July 30, 2018 Despite advances in child health over the past 20 years, children are still failing to reach their full health and development. Marian Jacobs and Michael Merson examine what the 2016 strategic review tells about how IMCI and iCCM have contributed to gains ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Future Role of the United States in Global Health: Emphasis on Cardiovascular Disease.

Journal Article J Am Coll Cardiol · December 26, 2017 U.S. global health investment has focused on detection, treatment, and eradication of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria, and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, with significant results. Although efforts should ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global hearing health care: new findings and perspectives.

Journal Article Lancet · December 2, 2017 In 2015, approximately half a billion people had disabling hearing loss, about 6·8% of the world's population. These numbers are substantially higher than estimates published before 2013, and point to the growing importance of hearing loss and global heari ... Full text Link to item Cite

The AIDS pandemic: Searching for a global response

Book · September 13, 2017 This ambitious book provides a comprehensive history of the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Programme on AIDS (GPA), using it as a unique lens to trace the global response to the AIDS pandemic. The authors describe how WHO came initially to assume l ... Full text Cite

Partnership Conference.

Journal Article Ann Glob Health · 2017 BACKGROUND: The Duke Global Health Institute (DGHI) was founded in 2006 with a goal to foster interdisciplinary global health education and research across Duke University and Duke Medical Center. Critical to achieving this goal is the need to develop and ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Corporate citizenship, aids and Africa: Lessons from bristol-myers squibb company’s secure the future™

Chapter · January 1, 2017 The title of Alan Paton’s South African novel, Ah, But Your Land is Beautiful, reflects the common impression of most visitors and residents as they travel across the widely differing terrains of sub-Saharan Africa. As the story tells, however, the beauty ... Full text Cite

Catalyzing Innovation

Chapter · 2017 Cite

Public Meeting Agendas

Chapter · 2017 Cite

University engagement in global health.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · May 1, 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief: from successes of the emergency response to challenges of sustainable action.

Journal Article Health Aff (Millwood) · July 2012 The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has made a major contribution to the reduction of the global HIV/AIDS burden. The program initially focused on rapidly scaling up treatment and prevention services in fifteen low-income countries, the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perspective: global medicine: opportunities and challenges for academic health science systems.

Journal Article Acad Med · September 2011 Globalization is having a growing impact on health and health care, presenting challenges as well as opportunities for the U.S. health care industry in general and for academic health science systems (AHSSs) in particular. The authors believe that AHSSs mu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Informing the 2011 UN Session on Noncommunicable Diseases: applying lessons from the AIDS response.

Journal Article PLoS Med · September 2011 In advance of the September 2011 UN Summit on non-communicable diseases (NCDs), Rebecca Dirks and colleagues identify lessons from the AIDS epidemic that can inform the response to the growing epidemic of NCDs. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Surgical capacity building in Uganda through twinning, technology, and training camps.

Journal Article World J Surg · June 2011 BACKGROUND: Neurosurgical capacity is extremely deficient in East African countries where 27 neurosurgeons serve more than 250 million people. To build capacity, the Duke University Medical Center and New Mulago Hospital in Uganda applied a two-pronged twi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Two-year impacts on employment and income among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Tamil Nadu, India: a cohort study.

Journal Article AIDS · January 14, 2011 OBJECTIVES: to estimate the economic impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on employment and income of treated patients as well as a comparison group of pre-ART patients who receive care and support in Tamil Nadu, India. METHODS: a cohort of 1238 HIV-infe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Results of the NIMH collaborative HIV/sexually transmitted disease prevention trial of a community popular opinion leader intervention.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · June 2010 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether community populations in community popular opinion leader intervention venues showed greater reductions in sexual risk practices and lower HIV/sexually transmitted disease (STD) incidence than those in comparison venues. MET ... Full text Link to item Cite

A summary of the literature on global hearing impairment: current status and priorities for action.

Journal Article Otol Neurotol · January 2010 BACKGROUND: Hearing loss (HL) and deafness are global issues that affect at least 278 million people worldwide. Two thirds of the people who have HL worldwide live in developing countries. Importantly, it is estimated that 50% of this HL can be prevented. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Strategies used in the detection of acute/early HIV infections. The NIMH Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study: I.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · December 2009 Acute/early HIV infection plays a critical role in onward HIV transmission. Detection of HIV infections during this period provides an important early opportunity to offer interventions which may prevent further transmission. In six US cities, persons with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identifying acute HIV infection in Rhode Island.

Journal Article Med Health R I · July 2009 Link to item Cite

Diagnosis of acute HIV infection in Connecticut.

Journal Article Conn Med · 2009 Acute HIV infection (AHI) is the earliest stage of HIV disease, when plasma HIV viremia, but not HIV antibodies, can be detected. Acute HIV infection often presents as a nonspecific viral syndrome. However, its diagnosis, which enables linkage to early med ... Link to item Cite

Combination HIV prevention.

Journal Article Lancet · November 22, 2008 Full text Link to item Cite

The history and challenge of HIV prevention.

Journal Article Lancet · August 9, 2008 The HIV/AIDS pandemic has become part of the contemporary global landscape. Few predicted its effect on mortality and morbidity or its devastating social and economic consequences, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Successful responses have addressed sen ... Full text Link to item Cite

A global partnership in medical education between Duke University and the National University of Singapore.

Journal Article Acad Med · February 2008 Duke University and the National University of Singapore (NUS) have partnered to launch a new medical school that brings the American style of postbaccalaureate medical education to Asia. The new institution, called the Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School (GM ... Full text Link to item Cite

Government-NGO collaboration and sustainability of orphans and vulnerable children projects in southern Africa.

Journal Article Eval Program Plann · February 2008 Given current donor attention to orphans and children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS, and the need for a new framework that recognizes the complementary roles of nations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), this analysis reviews NGO-operated community-b ... Full text Link to item Cite

A social cognitive model of health for HIV-positive adults receiving care in India.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · May 2007 In-depth interviews were conducted with 50 HIV-positive adults (23 women, 27 men) with access to care at a non-governmental organization in Chennai, India to gain a broad understanding of how they managed their HIV infection. Using a Social Cognitive Model ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV and drug use in Eurasia

Chapter · January 1, 2007 The twin epidemics of drug addiction and HIV simultaneously emerged in the Eurasia region in the late 1990s. Both were unanticipated by health establishments. Failure to act slowed the collection of detailed data and effective responses. In this chapter, w ... Full text Cite

Unprotected intercourse for extra money among commercial sex workers in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Journal Article AIDS Care · October 2006 This study assessed the extent and correlates of the practice of engaging in unprotected intercourse for extra money among commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a structured ... Full text Link to item Cite

Uganda's HIV/AIDS epidemic: Guest editorial

Journal Article AIDS and Behavior · July 1, 2006 Full text Cite

Living with HIV infection: perceptions of patients with access to care at a non-governmental organization in Chennai, India.

Journal Article Cult Health Sex · 2006 Through interviews, we examined explanatory frameworks of living with HIV infection among 50 HIV-positive individuals (23 women, 27 men) receiving care at a non-governmental organization in Chennai, India. Results were analysed according to three sets of i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving home-based care in Southern Africa: An analysis of project evaluations

Journal Article Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine · January 1, 2005 We describe lessons learned from independent evaluations of nine home-based care (HBC) projects in Lesotho, South Africa and Swaziland. Projects were funded through Bristol-Myers Squibb's Secure the Future (STF) initiative and evaluated through the STF Mon ... Full text Cite

Global health and university patents.

Journal Article Science · September 19, 2003 Full text Link to item Cite

Allocating HIV-prevention resources: balancing efficiency and equity.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · December 2002 The primary goal of HIV prevention is to prevent as many infections as possible. This requires allocating HIV-prevention resources according to cost effectiveness principles: those activities that prevent more infections per dollar are favored over those t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating the cost of unmet HIV-prevention needs in the United States.

Journal Article Am J Prev Med · July 2002 BACKGROUND: Although new HIV infection cases have dropped from over 160,000 per year in the mid-1980s to 40,000 per year in the 1990s, HIV incidence has been relatively unchanged for a decade. This number of annual incident infections suggests that substan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overcoming barriers to collaboration between basic behavioral scientists and public health scientists in research on mental disorders

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · January 1, 2002 The behavioral and public health sciences both have a long and rich history supporting basic, translational, and applied research aimed at improving human lives and reducing human suffering. Through the complementary expertise of these disciplines, investi ... Full text Cite

Overview of HIV prevention programs in developing countries

Conference QUANTIATIVE EVALUATION OF HIV PREVENTION PROGRAMS · January 1, 2002 Link to item Cite

Mission now possible for AIDS fund.

Journal Article Nature · July 19, 2001 Full text Link to item Cite

Success hinges on support for treatment.

Journal Article Nature · July 19, 2001 Full text Link to item Cite

Early detection: the next steps.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · December 15, 2000 Full text Link to item Cite

Global dimensions of the AIDS epidemic: implications for prevention and care.

Journal Article Infect Dis Clin North Am · December 2000 The appropriate balance of HIV prevention and care activities depends on the specific epidemiology of HIV, including the stage of the epidemic; information about the cost-effectiveness of specific prevention interventions and treatment regimens; and the le ... Full text Link to item Cite

The AIDS epidemic: lessons learned?

Journal Article Lancet · September 30, 2000 Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions in developing countries.

Journal Article AIDS · September 2000 OBJECTIVE: To review the effectiveness of projects and programs in developing countries that aim to reduce sexual transmission of HIV infection or transmission related to injection drug use. DESIGN: We identified 34 published studies undertaken in 18 devel ... Link to item Cite

Structural interventions in public health.

Journal Article AIDS · June 2000 OBJECTIVE: To review structural interventions in public health, identify distinct approaches to structural interventions, and assess their implications for HIV-prevention interventions. METHOD: The MEDLINE, HealthStar, PsychInfo and Sociofile databases wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhancing awareness of hospice through physician assisted living: public health perspectives.

Journal Article Conn Med · December 1997 The provision, management, and financing of care for patients with irreversible diseases has become increasingly complex in this era of advanced medical technology. With enhanced capabilities of medicine to prolong life, clinical practice has taken on lega ... Link to item Cite

Rapid self testing for HIV infection.

Journal Article Lancet · February 1, 1997 Full text Link to item Cite

Global status of the HIV AIDS epidemic and the response

Conference GLOBAL CHALLENGE OF AIDS - TEN YEARS OF HIV/AIDS RESEARCH · January 1, 1995 Link to item Cite

Making AIDS prevention a national priority.

Journal Article Integration · December 1994 Link to item Cite

Explaining long-term HIV survivors.

Journal Article Int Nurs Rev · 1994 Link to item Cite

AIDS: NEW DISEASES AND MORBIDITY PATTERNS

Conference Medical Education · January 1, 1994 Full text Cite

Childhood immunizations.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · May 13, 1993 Full text Link to item Cite

AIDS: the world situation.

Journal Article J Public Health Policy · 1992 Link to item Cite

Foreword

Journal Article AIDS · December 1, 1991 Cite

AIDS: a special threat to women

Journal Article World Health · December 1, 1990 Deals with aspects of AIDS worldwide, with special reference to women: the challenge of the nineties; AIDS and haemophiliacs; mother and child; the Paris Declaration; psychological and social consequences; a Uganda casebook; a caring society; the research ... Cite

Global AIDS prevention and control.

Journal Article Hygie · December 1990 Link to item Cite

Global progress in the control of diarrheal diseases.

Journal Article Pediatr Infect Dis J · May 1990 Full text Link to item Cite

AIDS: a special threat to women

Journal Article World Health · January 1, 1990 Deals with aspects of AIDS worldwide, with special reference to women: the challenge of the nineties; AIDS and haemophiliacs; mother and child; the Paris Declaration; psychological and social consequences; a Uganda casebook; a caring society; the research ... Cite

Alpha-tocopheryl succinate protects hepatocytes from chemical-induced toxicity under physiological calcium conditions.

Journal Article Toxicol Lett · April 1989 Rat and canine hepatocyte suspensions were exposed to toxic concentrations of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and ionophore A-23187 in the presence and absence of extracellular calcium (Ca2+) and alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TS). The exogenous administra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Control of diarrhoeal diseases.

Journal Article World Health Stat Q · 1988 During its early years, WHO was primarily concerned with epidemic control, standardization and quality control of vaccines, and administration of the International Sanitary Regulations. Among the acute enteric infections, cholera received the greatest atte ... Link to item Cite

Confronting diarrhea on a worldwide scale

Journal Article Servir (Lisbon, Portugal) · July 1, 1986 Cite

Oral rehydration therapy - from theory to practice ( diarrhoeal disease).

Journal Article WHO Chronicle · January 1, 1986 Oral rehydration therapy is a cheap and simple way of reducing the death rate of childhood diarrhoea. By 1985, more than 95% of the developing world's population lived in countries which had national diarrhoeal diseases control programmes. The second Inter ... Cite

Nutritional status, body size and severity of diarrhoea associated with rotavirus or enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

Journal Article J Trop Med Hyg · April 1984 Children with severe malnutrition have an increased risk of death from diarrhoea. To determine if the clinical manifestations of specific types of diarrhoea differed according to the nutritional status or size (weight and length) of the patient, we studied ... Link to item Cite

Oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a.

Journal Article Lancet · March 5, 1983 Full text Link to item Cite

Serologic differentiation between antitoxin responses to infection with Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · March 1983 A ganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to study and attempt to differentiate between antitoxin responses in persons infected with either Vibrio cholerae or Escherichia coli producing heat-labile enterotoxin. In most cases (69%-94% ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevention of traveler's diarrhea.

Journal Article Gastroenterology · February 1983 Link to item Cite

Endemic cholera in rural Bangladesh, 1966-1980.

Journal Article Am J Epidemiol · December 1982 Since 1963, the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), formerly the Cholera Research Laboratory, has maintained a field station in Matlab to treat patients from a surveillance population of 240,000 who have cholera and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Contamination of weaning foods and transmission of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhoea in children in rural Bangladesh.

Journal Article Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg · 1982 In longitudinal studies of infectious diseases and nutrition in Bangladesh, we determined the degree of bacterial contamination of traditional weaning foods and evaluated the role of these foods in the transmission of diarrhoeal diseases. 41% of samples of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical features of types A and B food-borne botulism.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · October 1981 Medical records of 55 patients with type A and type B food-borne botulism reported to the Centers for Disease Control during 2 years were reviewed to assess the clinical features and severity of illness, diagnostic test results, nature of complications, am ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence and severity of rotavirus and Escherichia coli diarrhoea in rural Bangladesh. Implications for vaccine development.

Journal Article Lancet · January 17, 1981 In a 1 year study of diarrhoea in a village in rural Bangladesh, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were the most frequently detected enteropathogens; shigellae were the second most commonly detected enteropathogens and rotaviruses the third. ETEC and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhoea: acquired immunity and transmission in an endemic area.

Journal Article Bull World Health Organ · 1981 Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are an important cause of diarrhoea in developing countries. Studies were made, in an endemic area of Bangladesh, of household contacts of patients with diarrhoea associated with E. coli producing heat-stable and hea ... Link to item Cite

Oral rehydration therapy: Recent advances

Journal Article World Health Forum · January 1, 1981 Cite

Glucose vs sucrose in oral rehydration solutions for infants and young children with rotavirus-associated diarrhea.

Journal Article Pediatrics · January 1981 The use of oral rehydration solutions containing essential electrolytes and either glucose or sucrose of equal osmolality was compared in a double-blind sequential trial of 784 children with rotavirus-associated diarrhea treated at a center in rural Bangla ... Link to item Cite

Diarrhoeal disease in Bangladesh: epidemiology, mortality averted and costs at a rural treatment centre.

Journal Article Int J Epidemiol · December 1980 The basic epidemiology of acute diarrhoeal disease seen at a rural Bangladesh hospital in 1975 is reviewed. V. cholerae 01 was isolated from 28% of 1 964 patients. Significant differences in hospitalisation rates were observed between males and females in ... Full text Link to item Cite

A two-year study of bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents associated with diarrhea in rural Bangladesh.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · November 1980 Enteric pathogens associated with diarrhea were studied for two years at a diarrhea treatment center in rural Bangladesh. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was the most frequently identified pathogen for patients of all ages. Rotavirus and ETEC were ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increase in antibiotic resistance among isolates of Salmonella in the United States, 1967-1975.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · October 1980 To study temporal changes in the antibiotic resistance of Salmonella in the United States, a study design similar to that of a 1967 study was used to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of 754 human nontyphoid Salmonella isolates sent to the Center for Di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of antisera for identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

Journal Article Lancet · August 2, 1980 The usual methods for identifying enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains involve testing for production of heat-labile enterotoxins. To simplify the identification of ETEC, antisera against common ETEC O serogropus were used to identify ETEC in th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Detection of Escherichia coli enterotoxins in stools.

Journal Article Infect Immun · July 1980 We determined whether enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea could be diagnosed by direct examination of stools for heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins. The Y-1 adrenal cell and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected LT in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disease due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Bangladeshi adults: clinical aspects and a controlled trial of tetracycline.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · June 1980 The clinical characteristics of disease due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were determined in 88 adult males admitted to a hospital in Dacca, Bangladesh, with moderate to severe dehydration. Persons infected with ETEC strains producing both hea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oral rehydration therapy for treatment of rotavirus diarrhoea in a rural treatment centre in Bangladesh.

Journal Article Arch Dis Child · May 1980 In November 1977, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting rotavirus antigen was introduced in the laboratory of a rural treatment centre in Bangladesh. During the next 40 days rotavirus without other pathogens was found in the stools of 216 (45% ... Full text Link to item Cite

Foodborne outbreak of shigellosis caused by an unusual Shigella strain.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · April 1980 A family outbreak of foodborne shigellosis caused by an unusual strain of Shigella is described. The strain was a mannitol-positive variant of Shigella dysenteriae and agglutinated in antiserum prepared against provisional serotype 3341-55. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Village-based distribution of oral rehydration therapy packets in Bangladesh.

Journal Article Am J Trop Med Hyg · March 1980 The distribution of sucrose-electrolyte oral therapy packets (1 liter) by community-based workers in a rural Bangladesh population of 157,000 was evaluated. A similar population of 134,000 served as a comparison group. The locally-produced packets showed s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Harry G. Armstrong lecture: Global travel and travelers' health.

Journal Article Aviat Space Environ Med · March 1980 Link to item Cite

Harry G. Armstrong lecture: Global travel and travelers' health.

Journal Article Aviation, space, and environmental medicine · March 1980 Cite

Doxycycline and the traveller.

Journal Article Gastroenterology · June 1979 Link to item Cite

Use of colony pools for diagnosis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · April 1979 Diagnosis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea was made in 109 adult males with an acute dehydrating cholera-like syndrome in Dacca, Bangladesh, by testing 10 colonies isolated from admission stool specimens for production of heat-labile and heat-s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship between enterotoxin production and serotype in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

Journal Article Infect Immun · February 1979 We examined the relationship between serotype and enterotoxin production in 109 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from 109 patients with severe cholera-like diarrhea in Dacca, Bangladesh. Of 69 strains producing both heat-labile and heat-st ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disease caused by a marine Vibrio. Clinical characteristics and epidemiology.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · January 4, 1979 We studied the clinical characteristics and epidemiology of disease associated with a rare, unnamed halophilic lactose-fermenting Vibrio species in 39 persons from whom the organism had been isolated. Two distinct clinical presentations were seen. In the f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Solid-phase microtiter radioimmunoassay blocking test for detection of antibodies to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · January 1979 The development of a solid-phase microtiter radioimmunoassay blocking test to detect serum antibody to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin is described. The assay is easy to perform and quantitate, and it is sensitive and specific. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of four plating media for isolating Vibrio cholerae.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · January 1979 Two brands of thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose agar and Monsur taurocholate tellurite gelatin (TTG) agar were compared with two newly developed media, sucrose tellurite teepol agar and Vibrio parahaemolyticus agar for isolation and identification of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oral hydration rotavirus diarrhoea: a double blind comparison of sucrose with glucose electrolyte solution.

Journal Article Lancet · August 5, 1978 Of 57 male children, aged 5 months to 2 1/2 years with rotavirus diarrhoea, 28 were given oral therapy with sucrose electrolyte solution and 29 were given glucose electrolyte solution in a randomised double-blind trial. All were rehydrated and remained so ... Full text Link to item Cite

A large outbreak of foodborne salmonellosis on the Navajo Nation Indian Reservation, epidemiology and secondary transmission.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · November 1977 In September 1974, the largest outbreak of foodborne salmonellosis ever reported to the Center for Disease Control--affecting an estimated 3,400 persons--occurred on the Navajo Nation Indian Reservation. The responsible agent was Salmonella newport and the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · November 1977 The development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin is described. The assay, which is based on the immunological similarity between Vibrio cholerae toxin and heat-labile E. coli ente ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coproexamination for botulinal toxin and clostridium botulinum. A new procedure for laboratory diagnosis of botulism.

Journal Article JAMA · October 24, 1977 Stool or serum specimens or both from 318 persons pertaining to 165 botulism investigations over a three-year period were examined. Botulinal toxin was detected in stools of 19 of 56 patients and in sera of 20 of 60 patients with clinical botulism; it was ... Link to item Cite

Escherichia coli serotypes and diarrhea.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · September 1, 1977 Full text Link to item Cite

An evaluation of penicillin prophylaxis during an outbreak of foodborne streptococcal pharyngitis.

Journal Article Am J Epidemiol · August 1977 Between August 16 and 21, 1974, an outbreak of beta-hemolytic group A M-9 T-9 streptococcal pharyngitis affected 49% of a randomly selected group of inmates at a jail in southern Florida. Food-specific attack rates incriminated improperly stored egg salad ... Full text Link to item Cite

The safety of eating shellfish.

Journal Article JAMA · May 2, 1977 Link to item Cite

Ciguatera in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · April 21, 1977 Full text Link to item Cite

Cholera on Guam, 1974: epidemiologic findings and isolation of non-toxinogenic strains.

Journal Article Am J Epidemiol · April 1977 In August 1974, six cases of cholera occurred on Guam. The index case had severe diarrhea and metabolic acidosis and died from pneumonia on the ninth day of illness; the other five cases had only mild to moderate diarrhea. Fish caught in Agana Bay and home ... Full text Link to item Cite

Foodborne disease outbreaks of chemical etiology in the United States, 1970-1974.

Journal Article Am J Epidemiol · March 1977 In the United States between 1970 and 1974 there was an increase each year both in the absolute number of foodborne diseases outbreaks of chemical etiology reported to the Center for Disease Control and in the proportion of these outbreaks in the total rep ... Full text Link to item Cite

The characteristics and mortality of outpatient-acquired pneumonia.

Journal Article Johns Hopkins Med J · January 1977 One-hundred fifty-four cases of pneumonia occurring over a 6-month period were analyzed. Population characteristics, admission diagnoses, causative pathogens, frequency of associated illnesses, antibiotic usage and mortality were evaluated. Despite populat ... Link to item Cite

Type A botulism from commercially canned beef stew.

Journal Article South Med J · January 1977 Two of three persons who ate lunch together became ill with symptoms characteristic of botulism. One died before botulism was suspected and before specimens could be collected for laboratory testing, but a serum specimen from the other patient, who survive ... Full text Link to item Cite

CIGUATERA IN PUERTO-RICO AND VIRGIN ISLANDS - REPLY

Journal Article NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE · January 1, 1977 Link to item Cite

ESCHERICHIA-COLI SEROTYPES AND DIARRHEA - REPLY

Journal Article NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE · January 1, 1977 Link to item Cite

Current concepts fish and shellfish poisoning.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · November 11, 1976 Full text Link to item Cite

Travelers' diarrhea in Mexico. A prospective study of physicians and family members attending a congress.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · June 10, 1976 We conducted a prospective study of travelers' diarrhea on 73 physicians and 48 family members attending a medical congress in Mexico City, in October, 1974. Fecal and blood specimens were collected before, during and after their visit and examined for ent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Laboratory investigation of diarrhea in travelers to Mexico: evaluation of methods for detecting enterotoxigenic Echerichia coli.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · May 1976 A laboratory investigation was conducted on cultures collected from travelers before, during, and after a trip to Mexico to characterize the etiology of traveler's diarrhea. Four laboratory methods for detecting enterotoxigenicity of Escherichia coli were ... Full text Link to item Cite

Food- and Waterborne Disease Outbreaks on Passenger Cruise Vessels and Aircraft1

Journal Article Journal of Milk and Food Technology · April 1, 1976 Outbreaks of illness on passenger cruise vessels during 1970–1975 were caused by Shigella flexneri, Salmonella, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Vehicles for the etiological agents were water, multiple foods, seafood cocktail, and shrimp and lobster. S ... Full text Cite

Diagnostic value of indirect hemagglutination in the seroepidemiology of Shigella infections.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · February 1976 To evaluate the usefulness of the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test in the epidemiological investigation of shigellosis, single serum specimens were tested from 50 patients with Shigella dysenteriae 1 (Shiga bacillus) infections, 103 asymptomatic contac ... Full text Link to item Cite

A continuing common-source outbreak of botulism in a family.

Journal Article Lancet · November 1, 1975 In December, 1974, three cases of botulism occurred in a family; two were fatal. The first patient died after a 10-day illness without botulism being suspected. 4 days later, after a 2-day illness, the second patient was diagnosed as having botulism after ... Full text Link to item Cite

Travelers' diarrhea.

Journal Article JAMA · October 13, 1975 Link to item Cite

Diarrhoea associated with heat-stable enterotoxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli.

Journal Article Lancet · August 9, 1975 Five patients who developed acute watery diarrhoea while travelling in Mexico in October, 1974, were found to have enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in their stool which produced heat-stable enterotoxin (S.T.) without producing heat-labile enterotoxin (L.T. ... Full text Link to item Cite

From the center for disease control.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · August 1975 Full text Link to item Cite

Editorial: Toxigenic turista.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · May 1, 1975 Full text Link to item Cite

Gastrointestinal illness on passenger cruise ships.

Journal Article JAMA · February 17, 1975 Medical logs of 2,445 cruises taken by 38 vessels over a 20-month period beginning Jan 1, 1972, were reviewed. On 92% of the cruises, the recorded incidence of gastrointestinal illness was 1% or less; on 2% of cruises, it was 5% or greater. The actual inci ... Link to item Cite

Shigellosis at sea: an outbreak aboard a passenger cruise ship.

Journal Article Am J Epidemiol · February 1975 Between June 23 and June 30, 1973, 90% of 650 passengers and at least 35% of 299 crew members experienced a diarrheal illness during a 7-day Caribbean cruise aboard a passenger cruise liner. Symptoms were consistent with shigellosis, and Shigella flexneri ... Full text Link to item Cite

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WATERBORNE DISEASE IN THE UNITED STATES, 1971-1973.

Journal Article · January 1, 1975 Reported outbreaks of waterborne disease most frequently involve semi-public systems which are frequently inadequately maintained and monitored. The most common system deficiencies associated with these outbreaks are lack of treatment of ground water and t ... Cite

WHAT RISK OF BOTULISM FROM FOOD STORED AT CONVENTIONAL REFRIGERATION TEMPERATURES

Journal Article JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION · January 1, 1975 Link to item Cite

Current trends in botulism in the United States.

Journal Article JAMA · September 2, 1974 Link to item Cite

Outbreaks of waterbone disease in the United States, 1971-1972

Journal Article Journal of Infectious Diseases · January 1, 1974 There were 47 outbreaks of waterborne disease comprising 6,817 cases in 1971 and 1972 (18 in 1971 with 5,179 cases, and 29 in 1972 with 1,638 cases). 30 states reported at least one outbreak. The largest outbreak comprised approximately 3,500 cases, and oc ... Full text Cite

More on botulism.

Journal Article Calif Med · September 1973 Link to item Cite