Scholars@Duke
F. Reed Johnson

F. Reed Johnson

Professor in Population Health Sciences
Population Health Sciences

Selected Publications

The impact of violations of expected utility theory on choices in the face of multiple risks

Journal Article Journal of Choice Modelling · December 1, 2024 Use of preference information to infer risk tolerance has increased in recent years as a way to inform benefit-risk evaluations in regulatory and medical decision making. However, a framework for the measurement of tolerance for multiple uncertain outcomes ... Full text Cite

Patient Preferences for Features Associated With Leadless Versus Conventional Transvenous Cardiac Pacemakers.

Journal Article Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes · November 21, 2024 BACKGROUND: Regulatory approval of the first dual-chamber leadless pacemaker system provides patients an alternative to conventional transvenous pacemakers. The study objective was to quantify the preferences of patients for pacemaker features. METHODS: Pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using Separate Single-Outcome Risk Presentations Instead of Integrated Multioutcome Formats Improves Comprehension in Discrete Choice Experiments.

Journal Article Med Decis Making · August 2024 INTRODUCTION: Despite decades of research on risk-communication approaches, questions remain about the optimal methods for conveying risks for different outcomes across multiple time points, which can be necessary in applications such as discrete choice ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

What Can Discrete-Choice Experiments Tell Us about Patient Preferences? An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis of Choice Data.

Journal Article Patient · July 24, 2024 This paper provides an introduction to statistical analysis of choice data using example data from a simple discrete-choice experiment (DCE). It describes the layout of the analysis dataset, types of variables contained in the dataset, and how to identify ... Full text Link to item Cite

To pool or not to pool: Accounting for task non-attendance in subgroup analysis

Journal Article Journal of Choice Modelling · June 1, 2024 Pooling data from different subgroups offers advantages of shrinking standard errors and simplifying characterization of the data structure. The ability to pool data also facilitates meta-analysis to evaluate consensus among multiple studies and to inform ... Full text Cite

Young Adult and Parent Willingness to Pay for Meningococcal Serogroup B Vaccination.

Journal Article MDM Policy Pract · 2024 UNLABELLED: Introduction. Serogroup B (MenB) is the leading cause of invasive meningococcal disease among adolescents and young adults in the United States. The US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends MenB vaccination based on sha ... Full text Link to item Cite

How Much Better is Faster? Value Adjustments for Health-Improvement Sequences.

Journal Article Pharmacoeconomics · August 2023 While the quality-adjusted life-year construct has advantages of simplicity and consistency, simplicity requires strong assumptions. In particular, standard assumptions result in health-state utility functions that are unrealistically linear and separable ... Full text Link to item Cite

How Does the Public Evaluate Vaccines for Low-Incidence, Severe-Outcome Diseases? A General-Population Choice Experiment.

Journal Article Patient · March 2023 BACKGROUND: Because immunizing large numbers of healthy people could be required to reduce a relatively small number of infections, disease incidence has a large impact on cost effectiveness, even if the infection is associated with very serious health out ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient-Preference Diagnostics: Adapting Stated-Preference Methods to Inform Effective Shared Decision Making.

Journal Article Med Decis Making · February 2023 BACKGROUND: While clinical practice guidelines underscore the need to incorporate patient preferences in clinical decision making, incorporating meaningful assessment of patient preferences in clinical encounters is challenging. Structured approaches that ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Do smokers respond to health shocks?

Chapter · December 13, 2022 This paper reports the first effort to use data to evaluate how new information, acquired through exogenous health shocks, affects people's longevity expectations. We find that smokers react differently to health shocks than do those who quit smoking or ne ... Full text Cite

Can public information programs affect risk perceptions?

Chapter · December 13, 2022 This article provides the first controlled evaluation of how different information materials explaining the risks from radon influenced people's perceptions of these risks. Using a panel study, it was possible to observe how stated risk perceptions respond ... Full text Cite

Learning about radon's risk

Chapter · December 13, 2022 This article reports the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of different types of information materials in communicating the risk from exposure to radon, a naturally occurring indoor air pollutant. The study involved a panel of 2300 homeowners w ... Full text Cite

How do risk perceptions respond to information? The case of radon

Chapter · December 13, 2022 A specialized survey of Maine households' responses to information about the risks associated with radon con centrations in their homes and water supplies was used to evaluate how they form risk perceptions. The findings support a modified form of a Bayesi ... Full text Cite

Women's Willingness to Accept Risks of Medication for Inflammatory Bowel Disease During Pregnancy.

Journal Article Patient · May 2022 BACKGROUND: Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face difficult decisions regarding treatment during pregnancy: while the majority of IBD medications are safe, there is substantial societal pressure to avoid exposures during pregnancy. However, disc ... Full text Link to item Cite

What is a Good Death? A Choice Experiment on Care Indicators for Patients at End of Life.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · April 2022 CONTEXT: Health systems should aim to deliver on what matters most to patients. With respect to end of life (EOL) care, knowledge on patient preferences for care is currently lacking. OBJECTIVES: To quantify preference weights for key EOL care indicators. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient preferences pertaining to treatment options for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Journal Article Epilepsy Behav · February 2022 OBJECTIVE: To determine patient acceptability of benefit-risk trade-offs in selecting treatment options for drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, including open brain surgery, laser ablation (laser interstitial thermal therapy [LITT]), and continue ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantifying Benefit-Risk Preferences for Heart Failure Devices: A Stated-Preference Study.

Journal Article Circ Heart Fail · January 2022 BACKGROUND: Regulatory and clinical decisions involving health technologies require judgements about relative importance of their expected benefits and risks. We sought to quantify heart-failure patients' acceptance of therapeutic risks in exchange for imp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incomplete information and irrelevant attributes in stated-preference values for health interventions.

Journal Article Health Econ · November 2021 Violations of the assumptions of complete information [CI] and independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) in discrete-choice experiment (DCE) data imply sensitivity of preference estimates to the decision context and the alternatives evaluated. There is ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantifying Value of Hope.

Journal Article Value Health · October 2021 BACKGROUND: 'Hope' is a construct in patient-centered value frameworks, but few studies have attempted to measure the value of hope separately from treatment-related gains in quality of life and survival to support its application in economic evaluation. O ... Full text Link to item Cite

Heterogeneity in Parent Preferences for Peanut Desensitization Therapy.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract · September 2021 BACKGROUND: Recently developed peanut desensitization treatment reduces the incidence of allergic reactions, the anxiety associated with the risk of accidental exposure, and the burden of precautionary behavior. Eliciting parent preferences for tradeoffs i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Who Would Pay Higher Taxes for Better Mental Health? Results of a Large-Sample National Choice Experiment.

Journal Article Milbank Q · September 2021 UNLABELLED: Policy Points  Public funding for mental health programs must compete with other funding priorities in limited state budgets.  Valuing state-funded mental health programs in a policy-relevant context requires consideration of how much benefit f ... Full text Link to item Cite

The preferences of women with ovarian cancer for oral versus intravenous recurrence regimens.

Journal Article Gynecol Oncol · August 2021 OBJECTIVE: To assess preferences of women with ovarian cancer regarding features of available anti-cancer regimens for platinum-resistant, biomarker-positive disease, with an emphasis on oral PARP inhibitor and standard intravenous (IV) chemotherapy regime ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is Easier Better Than Harder? An Experiment on Choice Experiments for Benefit-Risk Tradeoff Preferences.

Journal Article Med Decis Making · February 2021 OBJECTIVES: To test the convergent validity of simple and more complex study designs in a discrete-choice experiment (DCE) of multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment preferences. METHODS: Five hundred US adults with MS completed an online DCE survey. Respondents ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Faster, the Better: QALY Distortions in Valuing Speed of Onset of Action

Conference PATIENT-PATIENT CENTERED OUTCOMES RESEARCH · 2021 Cite

Patient Preferences for Surgical Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Discrete-Choice Experiment Evaluating Total and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty.

Journal Article J Bone Joint Surg Am · December 2, 2020 BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis but is associated with increased complication rates compared with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). UKA offers better functional outcomes but is assoc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Willingness to Accept Trade-Offs Among COVID-19 Cases, Social-Distancing Restrictions, and Economic Impact: A Nationwide US Study.

Journal Article Value Health · November 2020 OBJECTIVE: To conduct a discrete-choice experiment to quantify Americans' acceptance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection risks for earlier lifting of social-distancing restrictions and diminishing the pandemic's economic impact. ME ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient preferences for ketamine-based antidepressant treatments in treatment-resistant depression: Results from a clinical trial and panel

Journal Article Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research · September 1, 2020 Background: Novel ketamine-based pharmacotherapies can reduce depressive symptoms among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but associated short-term symptoms and potential adverse events raise complex benefit-risk questions. Methods: A web ... Full text Cite

Criteria and Process for Initiating and Developing an ISPOR Good Practices Task Force Report.

Journal Article Value Health · April 2020 The International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR)'s "Good Practices Task Force" reports are highly cited, multistakeholder perspective expert guidance reports that reflect international standards for health economics and outcome ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient preferences for maintenance PARP inhibitor therapy in ovarian cancer treatment.

Journal Article Gynecol Oncol · March 2020 OBJECTIVE: To measure preferences of women with ovarian cancer regarding risks, side effects, costs and benefits afforded by maintenance therapy (MT) with a poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. METHODS: A discrete-choice experiment elicited prefere ... Full text Link to item Cite

Variation Among Patients With Crohn's Disease in Benefit vs Risk Preferences and Remission Time Equivalents.

Journal Article Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol · February 2020 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) must make decisions about their treatment. We aimed to quantify patients' preferences for different treatment outcomes and adverse events. We also evaluated the effects of latent class heterogeneity on ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

UNDERSTANDING PATIENT PREFERENCES FOR MENINGOCOCCAL SEROGROUP B VACCINES

Conference JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH · February 1, 2020 Link to item Cite

Patients' Willingness to Accept Mitral Valve Procedure-Associated Risks Varies Across Severity of Heart Failure Symptoms.

Journal Article Circ Cardiovasc Interv · December 2019 BACKGROUND: The Food and Drug Administration's Center for Drugs and Radiological Health issued Guidance in 2016 on generating patient preference information to aid evaluation of medical devices. Consistent with this guidance, we aimed to provide quantitati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Something Is Better Than Nothing: The Value of Active Intervention in Stated Preferences for Treatments to Delay Onset of Alzheimer's Disease Symptoms.

Journal Article Value Health · September 2019 BACKGROUND: The objective of the study was to understand respondents' willingness to accept hypothetical treatment-related risks in return for the benefit of additional time with normal memory from potential Alzheimer's disease interception therapies. METH ... Full text Link to item Cite

An Embarrassment of Riches: What Can You Do with 10,000 Observations?

Conference PATIENT-PATIENT CENTERED OUTCOMES RESEARCH · August 1, 2019 Link to item Cite

Comparing the Noncomparable: The Need for Equivalence Measures That Make Sense in Health-Economic Evaluations.

Journal Article Value Health · June 2019 BACKGROUND: The popularity of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) has been resistant to concerns about validity and reliability. Utility-theoretic outcome equivalents are widely used in other areas of applied economics. Equivalence values can be derived fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient preferences for maintenance PARP therapy in ovarian cancer treatment.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2019 5558 Background: Maintenance therapy with PARP inhibitors has become prevalent in treating ovarian cancer. However, the preferences of women with ovarian cancer regarding the risks, side effects and benefits afforded by maintenan ... Full text Cite

Improved Quality of Life With Anti-TNF Therapy Compared With Continued Corticosteroid Utilization in Crohn's Disease.

Journal Article Inflamm Bowel Dis · April 11, 2019 BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids (CS) and anti-TNF drugs are used to treat Crohn's disease (CD). In this study, we assessed the net health benefit of initiating anti-TNF therapy relative to additional CS use in CD using a novel combination of a retrospective co ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Internal Validity of Discrete Choice Experiment Data: A Testing Tool for Quantitative Assessments.

Journal Article Value Health · February 2019 OBJECTIVES: To develop a tool for testing internal validity of discrete choice experiment (DCE) data, deploy the program, and collect summary test results from a sample of active health researchers to demonstrate the practical utility of the tool in a wide ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trading Health Risks for Glory: A Reformulation of the Goldman Dilemma.

Journal Article Sports Med · August 2018 BACKGROUND: The Goldman dilemma presented athletes with a Faustian bargain that guaranteed winning an Olympic gold medal in their sport but resulted in certain death 5 years later. Athletes' responses to Goldman's bargain were reported from 1982 to 1995. S ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effective Partnering in Conducting Benefit-Risk Patient Preference Studies: Perspectives From a Patient Advocacy Organization, a Pharmaceutical Company, and Academic Stated-Preference Researchers.

Journal Article Ther Innov Regul Sci · July 2018 BACKGROUND: Formal incorporation of patients' perspectives is becoming increasingly important in medical product development and decision making. This article shares practical advice regarding how patient advocacy organizations, the pharmaceutical industry ... Full text Link to item Cite

What is clearance worth? Patients' stated risk tolerance for psoriasis treatments.

Journal Article J Dermatolog Treat · December 2017 PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide quantitative evidence of patients' tolerance for therapeutic risks associated with psoriasis treatments that could offer psoriasis improvements beyond the PASI 75 benchmark. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Be Careful What You Ask For: Effects of Benefit Descriptions on Diabetes Patients' Benefit-Risk Tradeoff Preferences.

Journal Article Value Health · April 2017 BACKGROUND: As more studies report on patient preferences for diabetes treatment, identifying diabetes outcomes other than glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) to describe effectiveness is warranted to understand patient-relevant, benefit-risk tradeoffs. OBJECTIVE: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparing preferences for outcomes of psoriasis treatments among patients and dermatologists in the U.K.: results from a discrete-choice experiment.

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · March 2017 BACKGROUND: Plaque psoriasis can have a significant negative effect on patients' quality of life, and treatments can result in serious toxicities. Although there have been several studies of patients' and physicians' relative preferences for the benefits a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating Preferences for Complex Health Technologies: Lessons Learned and Implications for Personalized Medicine.

Journal Article Value Health · January 2017 We examine key study design challenges of using stated-preference methods to estimate the value of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) as a specific example of genomic testing. Assessing the value of WGS is complex because WGS provides multiple findings, some of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantifying Patient Preferences for Regulatory Benefit–Risk Assessments

Chapter · January 1, 2017 In 2006, a preference study of patients risk tolerance was submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Tysabri Advisory Committee as part of the drugs reapproval application. This submission marked the first time such evidence was included in su ... Full text Cite

Experimental measurement of preferences in health and healthcare using best-worst scaling: an overview.

Journal Article Health Econ Rev · December 2016 Best-worst scaling (BWS), also known as maximum-difference scaling, is a multiattribute approach to measuring preferences. BWS aims at the analysis of preferences regarding a set of attributes, their levels or alternatives. It is a stated-preference method ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experimental measurement of preferences in health care using best-worst scaling (BWS): theoretical and statistical issues.

Journal Article Health Econ Rev · December 2016 For optimal solutions in health care, decision makers inevitably must evaluate trade-offs, which call for multi-attribute valuation methods. Researchers have proposed using best-worst scaling (BWS) methods which seek to extract information from respondents ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

What are people willing to pay for whole-genome sequencing information, and who decides what they receive?

Journal Article Genet Med · December 2016 PURPOSE: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can be used as a powerful diagnostic tool as well as for screening, but it may lead to anxiety, unnecessary testing, and overtreatment. Current guidelines suggest reporting clinically actionable secondary findings whe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient Engagement at a Tipping Point-The Need for Cultural Change Across Patient, Sponsor, and Regulator Stakeholders: Insights From the DIA Conference, "Patient Engagement in Benefit Risk Assessment Throughout the Life Cycle of Medical Products".

Journal Article Ther Innov Regul Sci · September 2016 Benefit-risk assessment is the foundation for decision making throughout the life cycle of medical products. Because patients are the beneficiaries of the efficacy of medical treatments and also bear their possible risks, their perspectives and judgments a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ideology, public goods and welfare valuation: An experiment on allocating government budgets

Journal Article Journal of Choice Modelling · September 1, 2016 This study demonstrates how experimental survey methods can be used to assess preferences for budget-constrained combinations of public and publicly provided goods and services. The study shows how to calculate welfare changes based on preferences for incr ... Full text Cite

Choice Experiments to Quantify Preferences for Health and Healthcare: State of the Practice.

Journal Article Appl Health Econ Health Policy · June 2016 Stated-preference methods increasingly are used to quantify preferences in health economics, health technology assessment, benefit-risk analysis and health services research. The objective of stated-preference studies is to acquire information about trade- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preferences and Stated Adherence for Antibiotic Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis Pseudomonas Infections.

Journal Article Patient · February 2016 OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to quantify preferences and stated adherence for inhaled antibiotic treatments in cystic fibrosis (CF). METHODS: Adult CF patients and parents of pediatric patients in the US who were members of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caregiver Preferences for the Treatment of Males with Fragile X Syndrome.

Journal Article J Dev Behav Pediatr · January 2016 OBJECTIVE: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability. The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance that caregivers place on improving different phenotypic traits observed in males with FXS ... Full text Link to item Cite

Do You Want to Hear the Bad News? The Value of Diagnostic Tests for Alzheimer's Disease.

Journal Article Value Health · January 2016 OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains difficult. Lack of diagnostic certainty or possible distress related to a positive result from diagnostic testing could limit the application of new testing technologies. The objective of this pa ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Patient Preferences in Regulatory Benefit-Risk Assessments: A US Perspective.

Journal Article Value Health · 2016 Demands for greater transparency in US regulatory assessments of benefits and risks, together with growing interest in engaging patients in Food and Drug Administration regulatory decision making, have resulted in several recent regulatory developments. Al ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients' Willingness to Accept Medication Risk to Avoid Future Disease Relapse.

Journal Article Am J Gastroenterol · December 2015 OBJECTIVES: Biomarkers, endoscopy and imaging tests can identify patients at increased risk for early recurrence of symptomatic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, patients may be unwilling to accept additional medical therapy risks related to thera ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patients' Preferences Related to Benefits, Risks, and Formulations of Schizophrenia Treatment.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · July 2015 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to quantify patients' preferences related to benefits and risks of antipsychotic treatments for schizophrenia and to assess the relative importance of treatment attributes and adherence. METHODS: Treatment-related ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating conditional certainty equivalents using choice-experiment data

Journal Article Journal of Choice Modelling · June 1, 2015 Expected-utility theory is embraced by some researchers because of its theoretical and empirical tractability, although empirical testing has exposed systematic behavioral inconsistencies that violate the axiom of independence in the theory. In particular, ... Full text Cite

Too many attributes: A test of the validity of combining discrete-choice and best-worst scaling data

Journal Article Journal of Choice Modelling · June 1, 2015 Background Best-practice guidelines for stated-preference methods suggest there is a limit to the number of attributes respondents can reliably evaluate. This study explores a cost-effective solution to combining elicitation formats from a single study to ... Full text Cite

Psoriasis patients' willingness to accept side-effect risks for improved treatment efficacy.

Journal Article J Dermatolog Treat · 2015 BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that efficacy is more important than side-effect risks to psoriasis patients. However, those studies did not consider potentially fatal risks of biologic treatments. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the risks patients are willing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatricians' preferences for infant meningococcal vaccination.

Journal Article Value Health · January 2015 BACKGROUND: Meningococcal disease is rare but can cause death or disabilities. Although the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has recommended meningococcal vaccination for at-risk children aged 9 through 23 months, it has not endorsed universal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Valuations of genetic test information for treatable conditions: the case of colorectal cancer screening.

Journal Article Value Health · December 2014 BACKGROUND: The value of the information that genetic testing services provide can be questioned for insurance-based health systems. The results of genetic tests oftentimes may not lead to well-defined clinical interventions; however, Lynch syndrome, a gen ... Full text Link to item Cite

A neutrino model fit to the CMB power spectrum

Journal Article Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · September 5, 2014 The standard cosmological model, Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM), provides an excellent fit to cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. However, the model has well-known problems. For example, the cosmological constant, Λ, is fine-tuned to 1 part in 10100 and the ... Full text Cite

Psychiatrists' judgments about antipsychotic benefit and risk outcomes and formulation in schizophrenia treatment.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · September 1, 2014 OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to quantify psychiatrists' judgments of the benefits and risks of antipsychotic treatments of patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate how patient adherence history affects these judgments. METHODS: Weights assigned by res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding the relative importance of preserving functional abilities in Alzheimer's disease in the United States and Germany.

Journal Article Qual Life Res · August 2014 PURPOSE: To estimate the relative importance that Alzheimer's disease (AD) caregivers in the United States and Germany place on preserving patients' ability to perform activities of daily living. METHODS: US and German residents providing care for a person ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient preferences for surgical versus medical therapy for ulcerative colitis.

Journal Article Inflamm Bowel Dis · January 2014 BACKGROUND: Therapy options for mesalamine-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) include immunosuppressive medications or surgery. Chronic immunosuppressive therapy increases risks of infection and cancer, whereas surgery produces a permanent change in bowel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adolescent girls' preferences for HPV vaccines: a discrete choice experiment.

Journal Article Adv Health Econ Health Serv Res · 2014 PURPOSE: To measure adolescent girls' preferences over features of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in order to provide quantitative estimates of the perceived benefits of vaccination and potential vaccine uptake. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A discrete ... Link to item Cite

Physician preferences for extra-glycemic effects of type 2 diabetes treatments.

Journal Article Diabetes Ther · December 2013 INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to quantify United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK) physicians' preferences for attributes of type 2 diabetes treatments. METHODS: Samples of general practitioners (GPs) and endocrinologists in the US (n = 204 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Avoidance of weight gain is important for oral type 2 diabetes treatments in Sweden and Germany: patient preferences.

Journal Article Diabetes Metab · October 2013 AIMS: The aim of the study was to quantify patient preferences for outcomes associated with oral antidiabetic medications (OAMs) in Sweden and Germany through a discrete-choice experiment. METHODS: Adults taking OAMs who had a self-reported physician's dia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantifying benefit-risk preferences for medical interventions: an overview of a growing empirical literature.

Journal Article Appl Health Econ Health Policy · August 2013 Decisions regarding the development, regulation, sale, and utilization of pharmaceutical and medical interventions require an evaluation of the balance between benefits and risks. Such evaluations are subject to two fundamental challenges-measuring the cli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating willingness to pay: Do health and environmental researchers have different methodological standards?

Journal Article Applied Economics · June 1, 2013 Health and environmental economists have been employing Stated-Preference (SP) methods such as conjoint analysis or contingent valuation to estimate the monetary value of public health interventions and environmental goods and services. However, the qualit ... Full text Open Access Cite

A discrete-choice experiment of United Kingdom patients' willingness to risk adverse events for improved function and pain control in osteoarthritis.

Journal Article Osteoarthritis Cartilage · February 2013 OBJECTIVE: To assess patient preferences for treatment-related benefits and risks associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the management of osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN: Using a chronic-illness panel in the United Kingdom ... Full text Link to item Cite

Constructing experimental designs for discrete-choice experiments: report of the ISPOR Conjoint Analysis Experimental Design Good Research Practices Task Force.

Journal Article Value Health · 2013 Stated-preference methods are a class of evaluation techniques for studying the preferences of patients and other stakeholders. While these methods span a variety of techniques, conjoint-analysis methods-and particularly discrete-choice experiments (DCEs)- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing patient preferences for treatment options and process of care in inflammatory bowel disease: a critical review of quantitative data.

Journal Article Patient · 2013 Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consisting of both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestinal tract. As there is no cure for either CD or UC, patients with these conditions face numerous treatm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating migraineurs' preferences for migraine treatment outcomes using a choice experiment.

Journal Article Headache · 2013 OBJECTIVE: The impact of migraines on patients is commonly divided between the level of impairment associated with headache symptoms (headache phase) and the quality-of-life effects immediately following the headache (post-headache phase). Evaluations of m ... Full text Link to item Cite

How do physicians weigh benefits and risks associated with treatments in patients with osteoarthritis in the United Kingdom?

Journal Article J Rheumatol · May 2012 OBJECTIVE: To quantify the relative importance that UK physicians attach to the benefits and risks of current drugs when making treatment decisions for patients with osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Physicians treating at least 10 patients with OA per month c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physicians' stated trade-off preferences for chronic hepatitis B treatment outcomes in Germany, France, Spain, Turkey, and Italy.

Journal Article Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol · April 2012 OBJECTIVE: To quantify physicians' preferences among possible outcomes associated with chronic hepatitis B treatments and to determine which outcomes are most important to physicians in making treatment decisions. METHODS: Physicians in five countries who ... Full text Link to item Cite

Why not real economics?

Journal Article Pharmacoeconomics · February 1, 2012 Full text Link to item Cite

Healthy-days time equivalents for outcomes of acute rotavirus infections.

Journal Article Vaccine · October 19, 2011 Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. Health-state utility measures used in economic evaluations of rotavirus vaccines do not reflect differences between mild and severe symptoms of rotavirus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Conjoint analysis applications in health--a checklist: a report of the ISPOR Good Research Practices for Conjoint Analysis Task Force.

Journal Article Value Health · June 2011 BACKGROUND: The application of conjoint analysis (including discrete-choice experiments and other multiattribute stated-preference methods) in health has increased rapidly over the past decade. A wider acceptance of these methods is limited by an absence o ... Full text Link to item Cite

How does cost matter in health-care discrete-choice experiments?

Journal Article Health Econ · March 2011 Willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimates derived from discrete-choice experiments (DCEs) generally assume that the marginal utility of income is constant. This assumption is consistent with theoretical expectations when costs are a small fraction of total income ... Full text Link to item Cite

Eliciting benefit-risk preferences and probability-weighted utility using choice-format conjoint analysis.

Journal Article Med Decis Making · 2011 This study applies conjoint analysis to estimate health-related benefit-risk tradeoffs in a non-expected-utility framework. We demonstrate how this method can be used to test for and estimate nonlinear weighting of adverse-event probabilities and we explor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative benefit-risk tradeoff preferences for crohn's disease treatments - implications for regulatory decision making and disease management

Chapter · January 1, 2011 In managing Crohn's disease (CD), gastroenterologists increasingly are adopting earlier, more aggressive strategies in the hope of altering the course of the disease. Biologic therapies such as the inhibitors of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-), inflixim ... Cite

Patient preferences and linear scoring rules for patient-reported outcomes.

Journal Article Patient · December 1, 2010 BACKGROUND: : Many patient-reported outcomes (PRO) instruments are scored by averaging or summing Likert category values over all items or domains of the elicitation instrument, yielding domain-specific scores or a total score for the entire instrument. OB ... Full text Link to item Cite

Conjoint Analysis Applications in Health - How are Studies being Designed and Reported?: An Update on Current Practice in the Published Literature between 2005 and 2008.

Journal Article Patient · December 1, 2010 Despite the increased popularity of conjoint analysis in health outcomes research, little is known about what specific methods are being used for the design and reporting of these studies. This variation in method type and reporting quality sometimes makes ... Full text Link to item Cite

Are gastroenterologists less tolerant of treatment risks than patients? Benefit-risk preferences in Crohn's disease management.

Journal Article J Manag Care Pharm · October 2010 BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease is a serious and debilitating gastrointestinal disorder with a high, unmet need for new treatments. Biologic agents have the potential to alter the natural course of Crohn's disease but present known risks of potential serious a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patients' Value of Benefits and Harms of Migraine Treatments

Conference PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY · August 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Estimating importance weights for the IWQOL-Lite using conjoint analysis.

Journal Article Qual Life Res · June 2010 PURPOSE: Our objective was to estimate preference-based weights for the IWQOL-Lite that reflect the relative importance overweight and obese people place on the domains included in the instrument. METHODS: US residents, 18 years of age or older, who are ov ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patients' benefit-risk preferences for chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura therapies.

Journal Article Ann Pharmacother · March 2010 BACKGROUND: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) primarily is a disorder of adults characterized by autoantibody-induced platelet destruction and reduced platelet production, leading to a low peripheral blood platelet count. The long-term management o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mothers' preferences and willingness to pay for vaccinating daughters against human papillomavirus.

Journal Article Vaccine · February 17, 2010 A choice-format, conjoint-analysis survey was developed and fielded to estimate how features of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines affect mothers' perceived benefit and stated vaccine uptake for daughters. Data were collected from a national sample of 307 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Who pays attention in stated-choice surveys?

Journal Article Health Econ · January 2010 Responses of inattentive or inconsistent subjects in stated-choice (SC) surveys can lead to imprecise or biased estimates. Several SC studies have investigated inconsistency and most of these studies dropped subjects who were inconsistent. However, none of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantifying women's stated benefit-risk trade-off preferences for IBS treatment outcomes.

Journal Article Value Health · 2010 BACKGROUND: The Food and Drug Administration, currently, is exploring quantitative benefit-risk methods to support regulatory decision-making. A scientifically valid method for assessing patients' benefit-risk trade-off preferences is needed to compare ris ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of simplifying choice tasks on estimates of taste heterogeneity in stated-choice surveys.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · January 2010 Researchers usually employ orthogonal arrays or D-optimal designs with little or no attribute overlap in stated-choice surveys. The challenge is to balance statistical efficiency and respondent burden to minimize the overall error in the survey responses. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using the incremental net benefit framework for quantitative benefit-risk analysis in regulatory decision-making--a case study of alosetron in irritable bowel syndrome.

Journal Article Value Health · 2010 OBJECTIVE: There is consensus that a more transparent, explicit, and rigorous approach to benefit-risk evaluation is required. The objective of this study is to evaluate the incremental net benefit (INB) framework for undertaking quantitative benefit-risk ... Full text Link to item Cite

How do physician assessments of patient preferences for colorectal cancer screening tests differ from actual preferences? A comparison in Canada and the United States using a stated-choice survey.

Journal Article Health Econ · December 2009 BACKGROUND: Patient preferences can affect colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test use. We compared utility-based preferences for alternative CRC screening tests from a stated-preference discrete-choice survey of the general population and physicians in Can ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hypothetical bias, cheap talk, and stated willingness to pay for health care.

Journal Article J Health Econ · July 2009 Subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) enrolled in an online panel were asked to evaluate pairs of treatment alternatives with different attributes. Half of the sample saw a cheap-talk text. Preference parameters were estimated using random-parameters log ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multiple sclerosis patients' benefit-risk preferences: serious adverse event risks versus treatment efficacy.

Journal Article J Neurol · April 2009 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to estimate the willingness of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients to accept life-threatening adverse event risks in exchange for improvements in their MS related health outcomes. METHODS: MS patients completed a survey que ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment preferences and medication adherence of people with Type 2 diabetes using oral glucose-lowering agents.

Journal Article Diabet Med · April 2009 AIMS: Medication non-adherence is particularly common in patients with Type 2 diabetes. We constructed a discrete-choice experiment to examine the relative importance of oral glucose-lowering medication features and to estimate the likely effect of effecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating older adults' preferences for walking programs via conjoint analysis.

Journal Article Am J Prev Med · March 2009 BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is a major driver of costly health problems, especially in older adults. Structured walking programs are one approach for increasing physical activity, although there is little information about how the characteristics of th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Older Americans' risk-benefit preferences for modifying the course of Alzheimer disease.

Journal Article Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord · 2009 Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive, ultimately fatal neurodegenerative illness affecting millions of patients, families, and caregivers. Effective disease-modifying therapies for AD are desperately needed, but none currently exist on the market. Thus, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantifying asthma patient preferences for onset of effect of combination inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta2-agonist maintenance medications.

Journal Article Allergy Asthma Proc · 2009 The Onset-of-Effect Questionnaire (OEQ) is a self-administered instrument used to assess patient perception of how quickly asthma maintenance medications begin to work. This study was designed to quantify the relative importance that patients using combina ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using conjoint analysis to estimate healthy-year equivalents for acute conditions: an application to vasomotor symptoms.

Journal Article Value Health · 2009 OBJECTIVE: Conventional standard gamble and time trade-off methods may be inappropriate for eliciting preferences for some health states because both require subjects to make trade-offs between a morbid health state and death. Thus, the objective of this s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Benefits, risk, and uncertainty: preferences of antiretroviral-naĂŻve African Americans for HIV treatments.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · January 2009 While African Americans in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV, they are less likely to take antiretroviral therapies. Different first-line antiretroviral therapies are associated with short-term and long-term adverse event (AE) risks. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Are adult patients more tolerant of treatment risks than parents of juvenile patients?

Journal Article Risk Anal · January 2009 Understanding patient-specific differences in risk tolerance for new treatments that offer improved efficacy can assist in making difficult regulatory and clinical decisions for new treatments that offer both the potential for greater effectiveness in reli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Survey-design and analytical strategies for better healthcare stated-choice studies.

Journal Article Patient · December 1, 2008 Stated-choice (SC) surveys, such as conjoint analysis, present some interesting problems for researchers that are not addressed in the traditional survey-development literature. While the constraints imposed by preference theory, the experimental design of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patients Are Willing to Trade off Efficacy, Safety, and Administration Attributes of Chronic Idiopathic Purpura (ITP) Therapy: Results from a Large North American Discrete Choice Study

Journal Article Blood · November 16, 2008 AbstractOBJECTIVE: To quantify the willingness of patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) to trade off different attributes of ITP treatments, including efficacy, safety, and mode of ... Full text Cite

PMC28 STATUS-QUO BIAS IN STATED-CHOICE STUDIES: IS IT REAL?

Journal Article Value in Health · November 2008 Full text Cite

Why Not Ask?

Journal Article The Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research · October 2008 Full text Cite

Preferences for public lands management under competing uses: The case of Yellowstone National Park

Journal Article Land Economics · January 1, 2008 We examine snowmobile use conflict in Yellowstone National Park to assess the effect of different winter management policies on heterogeneous visitors' welfare. Using a stated preference choice experiment we quantify welfare changes for snowmobile riders a ... Full text Cite

Women's willingness to accept perceived risks for vasomotor symptom relief.

Journal Article J Womens Health (Larchmt) · September 2007 BACKGROUND: Evidence that long-term hormone therapy (HT) may increase the risk of serious adverse events led to a sharp reduction in all HT use, including short-term use for vasomotor symptom relief. We estimated women's willingness to accept adverse event ... Full text Link to item Cite

Crohn's disease patients' risk-benefit preferences: serious adverse event risks versus treatment efficacy.

Journal Article Gastroenterology · September 2007 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Regulatory assessments of drug risks do not routinely consider patient preferences, despite evidence that some patients are willing to accept increased side-effect risk in exchange for therapeutic benefits. The aim of this study is to es ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors that affect adherence to bipolar disorder treatments: a stated-preference approach.

Journal Article Med Care · June 2007 BACKGROUND: Medication nonadherence is high among patients with bipolar disorder, and may lead to poor clinical outcomes, decreased quality of life, and increased resource utilization. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors associated with nonadherence and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reliability of stated preferences for cholera and typhoid vaccines with time to think in Hue, Vietnam

Journal Article Economic Inquiry · January 1, 2007 We examine the effect of giving respondents time to think about their stated choices (SC) in a survey of cholera and typhoid vaccine preferences in Hue, Vietnam. Because neither vaccine is widely available in Vietnam, we used the SC approach (a stated pref ... Full text Cite

Measuring patient preferences for colorectal cancer screening using a choice-format survey.

Journal Article Value Health · 2007 OBJECTIVE: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake remains poor. Until we understand patient motivation and preferences for undertaking screening, it is unlikely the uptake will be optimal. Our objective is to examine patient preferences for CRC screening ... Full text Link to item Cite

PIH20 CONJOINT-ANALYSIS QALYS FOR ACUTE CONDITIONS

Journal Article Value in Health · November 2006 Full text Cite

The missing piece: Valuing averting behavior for children's ozone exposures

Journal Article Resource and Energy Economics · August 1, 2006 Individuals can reduce their exposure to air pollution by reducing the amount of time they spend outdoors. Reducing outdoor time is an example of an averting behavior that should be measured as part of willingness to pay (WTP) for improvements in air quali ... Full text Cite

Patients willingness to accept risk-benefit trade-offs in treating Crohn's disease

Journal Article PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY · August 1, 2006 Link to item Cite

High-risk individuals' willingness to pay for diabetes risk-reduction programs.

Journal Article Diabetes Care · June 2006 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate how much at-risk individuals are willing to pay for type 2 diabetes primary prevention programs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: An Internet-based, choice-format conjoint survey was presented to individuals ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comment on "revealing differences in willingness to pay due to the dimensionality of stated choice designs: An initial assessment"

Journal Article Environmental and Resource Economics · May 1, 2006 There are very few studies that quantify the interactions and tradeoffs between statistical and cognitive efficiency in designing stated-choice studies. While a conceptual framework for evaluating cognitive strategies would be desirable, Hensher adopts a s ... Full text Cite

Are chemotherapy patients' HRQoL importance weights consistent with linear scoring rules? A stated-choice approach.

Journal Article Qual Life Res · March 2006 OBJECTIVE: To compare a linear scoring rule with the subjective importance of different domain and symptom levels of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) among patients undergoing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stated preferences of patients with cancer for health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) domains during treatment.

Journal Article Qual Life Res · March 2006 OBJECTIVES: It is postulated that patients with different cancer diagnoses, stages of disease and treatments will exhibit different individual preferences for health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) functional domains and symptoms. METHODS: A stated-prefere ... Full text Link to item Cite

Eliciting stated preferences for health-technology adoption criteria using paired comparisons and recommendation judgments.

Journal Article Value Health · 2006 OBJECTIVES: The principal aim of this study was to illustrate applying discrete-choice methods for eliciting preferences for technology adoption criteria, including threshold values for cost-effectiveness ratios. A secondary objective was to compare the cr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decision strategy and structure in households: A "groups" perspective

Journal Article Marketing Letters · December 1, 2005 From a practical perspective, (arguably) most consumer decisions are not made in isolation of the households in which consumers are inserted, yet we commonly treat them econometrically as if they were. The purpose of this workshop was to take some initial ... Full text Cite

An experiment on simplifying conjoint analysis designs for measuring preferences.

Journal Article Health Econ · December 2003 In conjoint analysis (CA) studies, choosing between scenarios with multiple health attributes may be demanding for respondents. This study examined whether simplifying the choice task in CA designs, by using a design with more overlap of attribute levels, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Economic evaluation of the benefits of reducing acute cardiorespiratory morbidity associated with air pollution.

Journal Article Environ Health · December 18, 2002 BACKGROUND: Few assessments of the costs and benefits of reducing acute cardiorespiratory morbidity related to air pollution have employed a comprehensive, explicit approach to capturing the full societal value of reduced morbidity. METHODS: We used empiri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring preferences for health care interventions using conjoint analysis: an application to HIV testing.

Journal Article Health Serv Res · December 2002 OBJECTIVE: To examine preferences for HIV test methods using conjoint analysis, a method used to measure economic preferences (utilities). DATA SOURCES: Self-administered surveys at four publicly funded HIV testing locations in San Francisco, California, b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring what people value: a comparison of "attitude" and "preference" surveys.

Journal Article Health Serv Res · December 2002 OBJECTIVE: To compare and contrast methods and findings from two approaches to valuation used in the same survey: measurement of "attitudes" using simple rankings and ratings versus measurement of "preferences" using conjoint analysis. Conjoint analysis, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Do smokers respond to health shocks?

Journal Article Review of Economics and Statistics · November 1, 2001 This paper reports the first effort to use data to evaluate how new information, acquired through exogenous health shocks, affects people's longevity expectations. We find that smokers react differently to health shocks than do those who quit smoking or ne ... Full text Open Access Cite

Modeling choice behavior for new pharmaceutical products.

Journal Article Value Health · 2001 This paper presents a dynamic generalization of a model often used to aid marketing decisions relating to conventional products. The model uses stated-preference data in a random-utility framework to predict adoption rates for new pharmaceutical products. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sources and effects of utility-theoretic inconsistency in stated-preference surveys

Conference American Journal of Agricultural Economics · January 1, 2001 Economists increasingly are turning to multiple-response stated-preference (SP) methods (sometimes called conjoint analysis) to value environmental and natural-resource commodities (Gan and Luzar; Opaluch et al.; Roe, Boyle, and Teisl; Adamowicz, Louviere, ... Full text Cite

Role of Knowledge in Assessing Nonuse Values for Natural Resource Damages

Journal Article Growth and Change · January 1, 2001 Measuring nonuse values is one of the most controversial topics facing environmental economists today. One important issue that has received little attention is determining who has economic standing with respect to nonuse losses from natural resource injur ... Full text Cite

Willingness to pay for improved respiratory and cardiovascular health: a multiple-format, stated-preference approach.

Journal Article Health Econ · June 2000 This study uses stated-preference (SP) analysis to measure willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce acute episodes of respiratory and cardiovascular ill health. The SP survey employs a modified version of the health state descriptions used in the Quality of Well ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discussion of Morey and Waldman's 'measurement error in recreation demand models'

Journal Article Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · January 1, 2000 Morey and Waldman have proposed a method for handling measurement error in site attributes, such as catch rates in models of anglers' choice of fishing sites. We discuss the properties of this method and compare these properties with those of the standard ... Full text Cite

Using economic models to inform restoration decisions: The Lavaca Bay, Texas experience

Conference RESTORATION OF LOST HUMAN USES OF THE ENVIRONMENT · January 1, 1999 Link to item Cite

Eliciting stated health preferences: an application to willingness to pay for longevity.

Journal Article Med Decis Making · 1998 The economic analysis of many health policies requires evaluation of the benefits of programs that may prolong human lives. This article contributes to the development of credible values for longevity, demonstrating the feasibility of applying stated-prefe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decision and Cost-Utility Analyses of Surgical versus Transcatheter Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Journal Article Medical Decision Making · January 1998 Decision and cost-utility analyses considered the tradeoffs of treating patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using conventional surgery versus transcatheter implantation of the Rashkind occluder. Physicians and informed lay parents assigned utility scor ... Full text Cite

Valuing morbidity: an integration of the willingness-to-pay and health-status index literatures.

Journal Article J Health Econ · December 1997 Placing dollar values on human health has long been a controversial aspect of policy analysis and remains difficult given the relatively small number of morbidity-valuation studies available. By combining both the economic and health literature, this paper ... Full text Link to item Cite

Conjoint analysis: A technique for determining compensatory restoration

Conference 1997 INTERNATIONAL OIL SPILL CONFERENCE · January 1, 1997 Link to item Cite

Whose losses count in natural resource damages?

Journal Article Contemporary Economic Policy · January 1, 1997 This article examines economic and legal constraints that determine whose losses are included in natural resource damages as a result of an oil spill or hazardous-substance release. For example, the article describes the circumstances under which use losse ... Full text Cite

Anchoring and Adjustment in Single-Bounded, Contingent-Valuation Questions

Conference American Journal of Agricultural Economics · January 1, 1997 Full text Cite

Estimating stated preferences with rated-pair data: Environmental, health, and employment effects of energy programs

Journal Article Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · January 1, 1997 Respondents' stated preferences for attributes related to various electricity-generation scenarios are analyzed using a series of pairwise ratings. Multiple observations for each respondent facilitate estimating individual scale parameters. Scale estimates ... Full text Cite

An alternative approach to morbidity valuation: A meta analysis.

Journal Article AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS · December 1, 1996 Link to item Cite

Valuing public goods: Discrete versus continuous contingent-valuation responses

Journal Article Land Economics · January 1, 1996 Independent applications of openended and dichotomous-choice formats are compared using tests of means, estimating joint likelihood functions and nonparametric tests of distributions. The null hypothesis of no difference in the open-ended and dichotomous-c ... Full text Cite

Assessing the externalities of electricity generation in the Midwest

Journal Article Resource and Energy Economics · January 1, 1996 This paper summarizes the research strategy adopted in developing separate estimates of environmental costs for two major private utility systems. One of the systems, North States Power Company in Minnesota, is used to describe the model structure. Particu ... Full text Cite

An investigation of part-whole biases in contingent-valuation studies

Journal Article Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · January 1, 1994 Part-whole bias is a possible explanation for nonuse contingent-valuation estimates that are insensitive to marginal changes in environmental commodities. Our empirical analyses reveal no statistically significant differences in willingness to pay of indep ... Full text Cite

Benefits and costs of pulp and paper effluent controls under the Clean Water Act

Journal Article Water Resources Research · January 1, 1992 This study quantifies local improvements in environmental quality from controlling effluents in the pulp and paper industry. Although it is confined to a single industry, this study is the first effort to assess the actual net benefits of the Clean Water A ... Full text Cite

Radon risk communication research: practical lessons.

Journal Article J Air Waste Manage Assoc · May 1990 Those responsible for state and local radon programs often express frustration about the small share of homes that have been tested for radon, and the small share of those with high readings that have been mitigated. There are now a number of completed stu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Can public information programs affect risk perceptions?

Journal Article Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · January 1, 1990 This article provides the first controlled evaluation of how different information materials explaining the risks from radon influenced people's perceptions of these risks. Using a panel study, it was possible to observe how stated risk perceptions respond ... Full text Cite

Effects of hazardous waste risks on property transfers: legal liability vs. direct regulation

Journal Article Natural Resources Journal · January 1, 1990 Given the probable large number of sites contaminated with hazardous wastes, there could be significant benefits from a statutory system that effectively deters future contamination and encourages private remediation of existing sites. We compare the effec ... Cite

Conventional Wisdom on Risk Communication and Evidence from a Field Experiment

Journal Article Risk Analysis · January 1, 1989 A recent comprehensive review of the literature identified a number of facts and principles governing risk communication. This paper evaluates several of these propositions using recent evidence from a field experiment in communicating the risks from radon ... Full text Cite

Economic costs of misinforming about risk: the EDB scare and the media.

Journal Article Risk Anal · June 1988 This study reports results of an analysis of consumer responses to news reports of grain-product contamination by the pesticide ethylene dibromide (EDB). The results demonstrate that it is possible to quantify market disruption related to the dissemination ... Full text Link to item Cite

Learning about radon's risk

Journal Article Journal of Risk and Uncertainty · June 1, 1988 This article reports the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of different types of information materials in communicating the risk from exposure to radon, a naturally occurring indoor air pollutant. The study involved a panel of 2300 homeowners w ... Full text Cite

Informed choice or regulated risk?

Journal Article Environment · January 1, 1988 This article reports some preliminary results of a recent social experiment designed to test the senstivity of people's responses to alternative presentations of the same facts about radon risks. Ethical issues enter the experiment in two ways. First, it w ... Full text Cite

How do risk perceptions respond to information? The case of radon

Journal Article Review of Economics & Statistics · January 1, 1988 A specialized survey of Maine household's responses to information about the risks associated with radon concentrations in their homes and water supplies was used to evaluate how they form risk perceptions. The findings support a modified form of a Bayesia ... Full text Cite

Radon risk information and voluntary protection: evidence from a natural experiment.

Journal Article Risk Anal · March 1987 This study examines the perceived risks and mitigating behavior of Maine households who received new information on their exposures to significant health risks from indoor radon. The observed responses of these households illustrate conceptual issues relat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substitutability, reversibility, and the development- conservation quandary.

Journal Article Journal of Environmental Management · January 1, 1982 Presents a model of natural resource allocation which admits consideration of a class of public policy issues involving reversibility and substitutability. The development-conservation tradeoff is characterized as incorporating a wide range of options incl ... Cite

Multiple destination trip bias in recreation benefit estimation.

Journal Article Land Economics · January 1, 1982 One widely accepted technique for estimating the willingness to pay for a recreation site in CBA is the travel cost method. This study examines the consequences of multiple destination trips on travel cost estimates of benefits. It also suggests a means of ... Full text Cite

Valuing amenity resources in the presence of substitutes.

Journal Article Land Economics · January 1, 1981 Extends the Krutilla-Fisher valuation technique for resource sites to cases where the resource in question is not unique, as assumed in previous studies, but has recognized substitutes. In this process, it is demonstrated that vertical and horizontal deman ... Full text Cite

Federal project evaluation and intangible resources. The Tellico Dam

Journal Article Resources Policy · January 1, 1981 A model of resource evaluation incorporating reversibility of actions and substitutability for resource services is presented, along with associated decision criteria. The model extends and generalizes the Krutilla-Fisher procedure for evaluating unique re ... Full text Cite

Recreation benefit estimation in theory and practice: a comment on imperfect methods.

Journal Article Journal of Forestry · January 1, 1980 While some of the criticism of the travel-cost methods of estimating benefits of outdoor recreation is with-out basis, serious problems of utility or disutility of travel, joint visitation, and data deficiencies do limit accuracy of the estimates. This met ... Cite

The mormon church as a central command system

Journal Article Review of Social Economy · January 1, 1979 It has always been a cardinal teaching with the Latter-day Saints that a religion that has not the power to save people temporally and make them prosperous and happy here cannot be depended upon to save them spiritually and to exalt them in the life to com ... Full text Cite