Scholars@Duke
J Todd Purves

J Todd Purves

Professor of Urology
Urology
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Selected Publications

Male Akita diabetic mice develop underactive bladder independent of NLRP3 that can be prevented with blood glucose control

Journal Article Continence · December 1, 2024 Aim: Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is the most common diabetic complication. Patients present with overactive symptoms, underactive symptoms, or both. While strict glucose control may be expected to reverse DBD, prior studies have not been supportive. ... Full text Cite

Specialized pro-resolution mediators in the bladder: effects of resolvin E1 on diabetic bladder dysfunction in the type 1 diabetic male Akita mouse model.

Journal Article BMC Urol · June 21, 2024 BACKGROUND: One of the most common, but least studied, diabetic complication is diabetic bladder dysfunction. Current therapies include glucose control and symptom-based interventions. However, efficacy of these therapies is mixed and often have undesirabl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enzyme-induced hypoxia leads to inflammation in urothelial cells in vitro.

Journal Article Int Urol Nephrol · May 2024 PURPOSE: To determine the contributions of different durations of hypoxia to NLRP3 inflammasome activation in urothelial cells and how ischemic changes in bladder tissues is an important chemical que that leads to pathological changes seen in BOO. METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Female Type 1 Diabetic Akita Mice Demonstrate Increased Bladder Contractility via FP Receptor Activation due to NLRP3-Mediated Inflammation.

Journal Article Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) · April 18, 2024 BACKGROUND: Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is driven in part by inflammation which dysregulates prostaglandin release in the bladder. Precise inflammatory mechanisms responsible for such dysregulation have been elusive. Since prostaglandins impact blad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recurrent infections drive persistent bladder dysfunction and pain via sensory nerve sprouting and mast cell activity.

Journal Article Sci Immunol · March 2024 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for almost 25% of infections in women. Many are recurrent (rUTI), with patients frequently experiencing chronic pelvic pain and urinary frequency despite clearance of bacteriuria after antibiotics. To elucidate the b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient education and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation preferences of patients and providers in COVID care.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) represents an important but limited treatment for patients with severe COVID-19. We assessed the effects of an educational intervention on a person's ECMO care preference and examined whether patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Male Akita mice develop signs of bladder underactivity independent of NLRP3 as a result of a decrease in neurotransmitter release from efferent neurons.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · July 1, 2023 Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is a prevalent diabetic complication that is recalcitrant to glucose control. Using the Akita mouse model (type 1) bred to be NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)+/+ or NLRP3-/-, we have previously found that fema ... Full text Link to item Cite

Single-port hidden incision endoscopic (HIdES) pediatric nephrectomy via pfannenstiel incision.

Conference J Pediatr Urol · June 2023 Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) and hidden incision endoscopic surgery techniques are increasingly used in pediatric urology. For pediatric nephrectomy, access through a single Pfannenstiel incision is novel and may offer cosmetic benefit. In t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medical management of neurogenic bladder in patients with spina bifida: A scoping review.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · February 2023 INTRODUCTION: Neurogenic bladder is a common source of morbidity in patients with spina bifida and can cause renal damage. Medical management may include imaging, urodynamic studies (UDS), laboratory testing, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), and m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Why Are Some People with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) Depressed? New Evidence That Peripheral Inflammation in the Bladder Causes Central Inflammation and Mood Disorders.

Journal Article Int J Mol Sci · February 1, 2023 Anecdotal evidence has long suggested that patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) develop mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety, at a higher rate than the general population and recent prospective studies have confirmed this link. Break ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Diabetes causes NLRP3-dependent barrier dysfunction in mice with detrusor overactivity but not underactivity.

Journal Article American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · December 2022 Approximately half of the patients with diabetes develop diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD). The initiation and progression of DBD is largely attributed to inflammation due to dysregulated glucose and the production of toxic metabolites that activate the N ... Full text Cite

Framing the picture: Impact of radiographic imaging on parental vesicoureteral reflux management preferences.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · October 2022 INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: Given the variety of treatment options for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), shared decision making between clinicians and parents is essential. Despite its importance, shared decision making is limited by the framing effect - people pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diabetic bladder dysfunction progresses from an overactive to an underactive phenotype in a type-1 diabetic mouse model (Akita female mouse) and is dependent on NLRP3.

Journal Article Life Sci · June 15, 2022 AIMS: Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is a prevalent diabetic complication thought to progress from overactive (OAB) to underactive (UAB) bladder. Previously we found OAB at 15 weeks in the Akita mouse, a genetic model of Type 1 diabetes. The first aim ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Multidimensional Bioinformatic Platform for the Study of Human Response to Surgery.

Journal Article Ann Surg · June 1, 2022 OBJECTIVE: To design and establish a prospective biospecimen repository that integrates multi-omics assays with clinical data to study mechanisms of controlled injury and healing. BACKGROUND: Elective surgery is an opportunity to understand both the system ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specialized pro-resolution mediators in the bladder: Receptor expression and recovery of bladder function from cystitis.

Journal Article Exp Biol Med (Maywood) · April 2022 Inflammation is a central process in most benign bladder disorders, and its control is a delicate balance between initiating factors and resolving factors. While recent discoveries have shown a central role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in initiation, the res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inflammation triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical driver of diabetic bladder dysfunction.

Journal Article Front Physiol · 2022 Diabetes is a rapidly expanding epidemic projected to affect as many as 1 in 3 Americans by 2050. This disease is characterized by devastating complications brought about high glucose and metabolic derangement. The most common of these complications is dia ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Sexual Function and Dysfunction in Individuals with Spina Bifida: A Systematic Review.

Journal Article Urology · October 2021 OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of self-reported experiences of sexual function and dysfunction in individuals with spina bifida (SB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched. Studies included conta ... Full text Link to item Cite

BOO induces fibrosis and EMT in urothelial cells which can be recapitulated in vitro through elevated storage and voiding pressure cycles.

Journal Article Int Urol Nephrol · October 2021 PURPOSE: To determine the unique contributions from elevated voiding and storage pressures in the development of fibrosis and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in urothelial cells, and how progressive BOO pressure cycling is an important mecha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specialized proresolution mediators in the bladder: annexin-A1 normalizes inflammation and bladder dysfunction during bladder outlet obstruction.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · October 1, 2021 Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is ultimately experienced by ≈90% of men, most commonly secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Inflammation is a critical driver of BOO pathology in the bladder and can be divided into two critical steps: initiation and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatric Urology.

Journal Article J Urol · July 2021 Full text Link to item Cite

Male Akita diabetic mice develop underactive bladder independent of NLRP3 that can be prevented with blood glucose control

Journal Article Continence · December 1, 2024 Aim: Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is the most common diabetic complication. Patients present with overactive symptoms, underactive symptoms, or both. While strict glucose control may be expected to reverse DBD, prior studies have not been supportive. ... Full text Cite

Specialized pro-resolution mediators in the bladder: effects of resolvin E1 on diabetic bladder dysfunction in the type 1 diabetic male Akita mouse model.

Journal Article BMC Urol · June 21, 2024 BACKGROUND: One of the most common, but least studied, diabetic complication is diabetic bladder dysfunction. Current therapies include glucose control and symptom-based interventions. However, efficacy of these therapies is mixed and often have undesirabl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enzyme-induced hypoxia leads to inflammation in urothelial cells in vitro.

Journal Article Int Urol Nephrol · May 2024 PURPOSE: To determine the contributions of different durations of hypoxia to NLRP3 inflammasome activation in urothelial cells and how ischemic changes in bladder tissues is an important chemical que that leads to pathological changes seen in BOO. METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Female Type 1 Diabetic Akita Mice Demonstrate Increased Bladder Contractility via FP Receptor Activation due to NLRP3-Mediated Inflammation.

Journal Article Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) · April 18, 2024 BACKGROUND: Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is driven in part by inflammation which dysregulates prostaglandin release in the bladder. Precise inflammatory mechanisms responsible for such dysregulation have been elusive. Since prostaglandins impact blad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recurrent infections drive persistent bladder dysfunction and pain via sensory nerve sprouting and mast cell activity.

Journal Article Sci Immunol · March 2024 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for almost 25% of infections in women. Many are recurrent (rUTI), with patients frequently experiencing chronic pelvic pain and urinary frequency despite clearance of bacteriuria after antibiotics. To elucidate the b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient education and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation preferences of patients and providers in COVID care.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) represents an important but limited treatment for patients with severe COVID-19. We assessed the effects of an educational intervention on a person's ECMO care preference and examined whether patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Male Akita mice develop signs of bladder underactivity independent of NLRP3 as a result of a decrease in neurotransmitter release from efferent neurons.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · July 1, 2023 Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is a prevalent diabetic complication that is recalcitrant to glucose control. Using the Akita mouse model (type 1) bred to be NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)+/+ or NLRP3-/-, we have previously found that fema ... Full text Link to item Cite

Single-port hidden incision endoscopic (HIdES) pediatric nephrectomy via pfannenstiel incision.

Conference J Pediatr Urol · June 2023 Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) and hidden incision endoscopic surgery techniques are increasingly used in pediatric urology. For pediatric nephrectomy, access through a single Pfannenstiel incision is novel and may offer cosmetic benefit. In t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medical management of neurogenic bladder in patients with spina bifida: A scoping review.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · February 2023 INTRODUCTION: Neurogenic bladder is a common source of morbidity in patients with spina bifida and can cause renal damage. Medical management may include imaging, urodynamic studies (UDS), laboratory testing, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), and m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Why Are Some People with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) Depressed? New Evidence That Peripheral Inflammation in the Bladder Causes Central Inflammation and Mood Disorders.

Journal Article Int J Mol Sci · February 1, 2023 Anecdotal evidence has long suggested that patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) develop mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety, at a higher rate than the general population and recent prospective studies have confirmed this link. Break ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Diabetes causes NLRP3-dependent barrier dysfunction in mice with detrusor overactivity but not underactivity.

Journal Article American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · December 2022 Approximately half of the patients with diabetes develop diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD). The initiation and progression of DBD is largely attributed to inflammation due to dysregulated glucose and the production of toxic metabolites that activate the N ... Full text Cite

Framing the picture: Impact of radiographic imaging on parental vesicoureteral reflux management preferences.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · October 2022 INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: Given the variety of treatment options for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), shared decision making between clinicians and parents is essential. Despite its importance, shared decision making is limited by the framing effect - people pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diabetic bladder dysfunction progresses from an overactive to an underactive phenotype in a type-1 diabetic mouse model (Akita female mouse) and is dependent on NLRP3.

Journal Article Life Sci · June 15, 2022 AIMS: Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is a prevalent diabetic complication thought to progress from overactive (OAB) to underactive (UAB) bladder. Previously we found OAB at 15 weeks in the Akita mouse, a genetic model of Type 1 diabetes. The first aim ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Multidimensional Bioinformatic Platform for the Study of Human Response to Surgery.

Journal Article Ann Surg · June 1, 2022 OBJECTIVE: To design and establish a prospective biospecimen repository that integrates multi-omics assays with clinical data to study mechanisms of controlled injury and healing. BACKGROUND: Elective surgery is an opportunity to understand both the system ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specialized pro-resolution mediators in the bladder: Receptor expression and recovery of bladder function from cystitis.

Journal Article Exp Biol Med (Maywood) · April 2022 Inflammation is a central process in most benign bladder disorders, and its control is a delicate balance between initiating factors and resolving factors. While recent discoveries have shown a central role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in initiation, the res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inflammation triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical driver of diabetic bladder dysfunction.

Journal Article Front Physiol · 2022 Diabetes is a rapidly expanding epidemic projected to affect as many as 1 in 3 Americans by 2050. This disease is characterized by devastating complications brought about high glucose and metabolic derangement. The most common of these complications is dia ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Sexual Function and Dysfunction in Individuals with Spina Bifida: A Systematic Review.

Journal Article Urology · October 2021 OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of self-reported experiences of sexual function and dysfunction in individuals with spina bifida (SB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched. Studies included conta ... Full text Link to item Cite

BOO induces fibrosis and EMT in urothelial cells which can be recapitulated in vitro through elevated storage and voiding pressure cycles.

Journal Article Int Urol Nephrol · October 2021 PURPOSE: To determine the unique contributions from elevated voiding and storage pressures in the development of fibrosis and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in urothelial cells, and how progressive BOO pressure cycling is an important mecha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specialized proresolution mediators in the bladder: annexin-A1 normalizes inflammation and bladder dysfunction during bladder outlet obstruction.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · October 1, 2021 Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is ultimately experienced by ≈90% of men, most commonly secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Inflammation is a critical driver of BOO pathology in the bladder and can be divided into two critical steps: initiation and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatric Urology.

Journal Article J Urol · July 2021 Full text Link to item Cite

Immune Expression in Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux: A Pilot Study.

Journal Article Urology · February 2021 OBJECTIVE: To perform an exploratory, descriptive pilot study of the systemic and local immune environment in patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and bladder-bowel dysfunction (BBD). METHODS: Consecutive children with VUR undergoing intravesical uret ... Full text Link to item Cite

Parental preferences for vesicoureteral reflux treatment: Profile case best-worst scaling.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · February 2021 INTRODUCTION: Vesicoureteral reflux is a common pediatric urologic condition that often has several reasonable treatment options depending on condition severity. In order to choose the best treatment for their child, parents are expected to make judgements ... Full text Link to item Cite

IL-10 and class 1 histone deacetylases act synergistically and independently on the secretion of proinflammatory mediators in alveolar macrophages.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2021 INTRODUCTION: Anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 suppresses pro-inflammatory IL-12b expression after Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in colonic macrophages, as part of the innate immunity Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)-NF-κB activation system. This homeostati ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.

Journal Article Res Rep Urol · 2021 Neurogenic bladder dysfunction is a major source of urologic morbidity in children, especially in those with spina bifida (SB). Complications from progression of bladder dysfunction can include urinary tract infections (UTIs), urinary incontinence, upper t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Association between race and in-hospital outcomes in children with spina bifida following inpatient urologic surgery.

Journal Article J Pediatr Rehabil Med · 2021 PURPOSE: Post-operative complication rates may vary among racial and/or ethnic groups and have not been previously described in individuals with spina bifida (SB) undergoing urologic surgery. The aim of this study was to compare in-hospital complication fr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Delayed presentation of urethrocutaneous fistulae after hypospadias repair.

Journal Article J Pediatr Surg · October 2020 BACKGROUND: Delayed urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) presentation after hypospadias repair is rarely reported. The aim of this study is to report our experience with delayed UCF presenting more than 5 years after hypospadias repair. METHODS: We conducted a r ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction: Will My Child Ever Be out of Diapers?

Journal Article Eur Urol Focus · September 15, 2020 CONTEXT: Managing patient and parent expectations regarding urinary and fecal continence is important with congenital conditions that produce neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction. Physicians need to be aware of common treatment algorithms and expected ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A possible mechanism underlying mood disorders associated with LUTS: Chronic bladder outlet obstruction causes NLRP3-dependent inflammation in the hippocampus and depressive behavior in rats.

Journal Article Neurourol Urodyn · August 2020 AIMS: Reports link urinary dysfunction and mood disorders, such as depression, but a causative mechanism has never been postulated. Contemporary discoveries demonstrate a local inflammatory response in peripheral organs can trigger inflammation in the brai ... Full text Link to item Cite

A highly polarized TH2 bladder response to infection promotes epithelial repair at the expense of preventing new infections.

Journal Article Nat Immunol · June 2020 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) typically evoke prompt and vigorous innate bladder immune responses, including extensive exfoliation of the epithelium. To explain the basis for the extraordinarily high recurrence rates of UTIs, we examined adaptive immune ... Full text Link to item Cite

Histone Deacetylase 7 Inhibition in a Murine Model of Gram-Negative Pneumonia-Induced Acute Lung Injury.

Journal Article Shock · March 2020 BACKGROUND: Pulmonary infections remain the most common cause of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), a pulmonary inflammatory disease with high mortality, for which no targeted therapy currently exists. We have previously demonstrated an ameliorate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis results in NLRP3-mediated inflammation in the hippocampus and symptoms of depression in rats.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · February 1, 2020 Recent breakthroughs demonstrate that peripheral diseases can trigger inflammation in the brain, causing psychosocial maladies, including depression. While few direct studies have been made, anecdotal reports associate urological disorders with mental dysf ... Full text Link to item Cite

National Imaging and Antibiotic Practice Patterns in Children Presenting With Urinary Tract Infection to Community Practices: Little Impact From the American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines?

Journal Article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · October 2019 Our objective was to use community-based, national databases to evaluate diagnostic imaging and antibiotic prophylaxis practice patterns before and after the release of the 2011 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for acute febrile urinary tract infe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hospital and ED charges for spina bifida care in the United States between 2006 and 2014: Over $2 billion annually.

Journal Article Disabil Health J · July 2019 BACKGROUND: More children with spina bifida (SB) are surviving into adulthood. Unfortunately, little data exist regarding the economic implications of modern SB care. OBJECTIVE: We examined economic data from two national databases to estimate the annual n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Parental Preferences for Vesicoureteral Reflux Treatment: A Crowd-sourced, Best-worst Scaling Study.

Journal Article Urology · June 2019 OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively evaluate parental preferences for the various treatments for vesicoureteral reflux using crowd-sourced best-worst scaling, a novel technique in urologic preference estimation. METHODS: Preference data were collected from a comm ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Intravesical drug therapy

Chapter · March 11, 2019 Full text Cite

Intermittent Catheterization (IC)

Chapter · March 11, 2019 Catheter drainage of the lower urinary tract in patients with neurogenic bladder seeks to maintain low bladder pressures that protect the kidneys, minimize urinary tract infections (UTIs), and achieve dryness to prevent decubitus ulcers and for social reas ... Full text Cite

Evaluation of Poly (Carbonate-Urethane) Urea (PCUU) Scaffolds for Urinary Bladder Tissue Engineering.

Journal Article Ann Biomed Eng · March 2019 Although the previous success of bladder tissue engineering demonstrated the feasibility of this technology, most polyester based scaffolds used in previous studies possess inadequate mechanical properties for organs that exhibit large deformation. The pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

NLRP3 Promotes Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction and Changes in Symptom-Specific Bladder Innervation.

Journal Article Diabetes · February 2019 The NLRP3 inflammasome senses diabetic metabolites and initiates inflammation implicated in diabetic complications and neurodegeneration. No studies have investigated NLRP3 in diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD), despite a high clinical prevalence. In vitro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bladder decompensation and reduction in nerve density in a rat model of chronic bladder outlet obstruction are attenuated with the NLRP3 inhibitor glyburide.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · January 1, 2019 Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) leads to progressive voiding dysfunction. Acutely, obstruction triggers inflammation that drives bladder dysfunction. Over time, inflammation leads to decreased bladder nerve density and increased fibrosis, responsible for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Calcium Pyrophosphate And Monosodium Urate Activate The NLRP3 Inflammasome Within Bladder Urothelium Via Reactive Oxygen Species And TXNIP.

Journal Article Res Rep Urol · 2019 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in vitro activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome within bladder urothelium by stone-forming components. Further, to describe the contributions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), an impor ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Older Children With and Without Diabetes Mellitus.

Journal Article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · November 2018 Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are an underrecognized complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) in adults and have undergone limited investigation in children. We estimated the prevalence of LUTS in 120 older children (11-17 years) with and without DM an ... Full text Link to item Cite

How to close classic bladder exstrophy: Are subspecialty training and technique important?

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · October 2018 INTRODUCTION: Successful primary closure is one of the main factors for achieving continence in a classic bladder exstrophy (CBE) patient. Even with contemporary management, patients still have failed primary closures. We sought to understand the role of t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Elevated hydrostatic pressure stimulates ATP release which mediates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via P2X4 in rat urothelial cells.

Journal Article Int Urol Nephrol · September 2018 Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) is a prevalent urological condition commonly accompanied by increased intravesical pressure, inflammation, and fibrosis. Studies have demonstrated that pBOO results in increased NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1 act ... Full text Link to item Cite

The evaluation of three comorbidity indices in predicting postoperative complications and readmissions in pediatric urology.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · June 2018 INTRODUCTION: The surgical comorbidity assessment is important for patient risk stratification, counseling, and research. In adults, risk assessment indices, such as the Charlson Co-morbidity Score (CCS) or Van Walraven Index (VWI), are well established. I ... Full text Link to item Cite

Contemporary Demographic, Treatment, and Geographic Distribution Patterns for Disorders of Sex Development.

Journal Article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · March 2018 This study aimed to describe the demographic characteristics, hospital utilizations, patterns of inpatient surgical management, and the overall state/regional variation in surgery rate among patients with disorders of sex development (DSD). We analyzed the ... Full text Link to item Cite

NLRP3/IL-1β mediates denervation during bladder outlet obstruction in rats.

Journal Article Neurourol Urodyn · March 2018 AIMS: Denervation of the bladder is a detrimental consequence of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). We have previously shown that, during BOO, inflammation triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome in the urothelia mediates physiological bladder dysfunction and d ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Emerging Role of Inflammasomes as Central Mediators in Inflammatory Bladder Pathology.

Journal Article Curr Urol · February 2018 Irritative voiding symptoms (e.g. increased frequency and urgency) occur in many common pathologic conditions such as urinary tract infections and bladder outlet obstruction, and these conditions are well-established to have underlying inflammation that di ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Diabetic bladder dysfunction is associated with bladder inflammation triggered through hyperglycemia, not polyuria.

Journal Article Res Rep Urol · 2018 PURPOSE: Diabetes is a grave and progressive condition characterized by debilitating complications. Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is a very common complication with no specific treatments currently available. Unlike other tissues affected by this dise ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Bladder fibrosis during outlet obstruction is triggered through the NLRP3 inflammasome and the production of IL-1β.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · September 1, 2017 Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) triggers inflammation in the bladder through the NLRP3 inflammasome. BOO also activates fibrosis, which is largely responsible for the decompensation of the bladder in the chronic state. Because fibrosis can be driven by in ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Open versus minimally invasive surgical approaches in pediatric urology: Trends in utilization and complications.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · June 2017 OBJECTIVE: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques are anecdotally reported to be increasingly used, but little objective data supports this. Our objective was to assess trends in MIS utilization across various procedures in pediatric urology and to co ... Full text Link to item Cite

A three dimensional nerve map of human bladder trigone.

Journal Article Neurourol Urodyn · April 2017 AIM: Central efferent and afferent neural pathways to and from the human urinary bladder are well-characterized, but the location and arborization of these nerves as they traverse the serosa, muscularis, and urothelial layers are not clearly defined. The p ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Inflammasomes in the urinary tract: a disease-based review.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · October 1, 2016 Inflammasomes are supramolecular structures that sense molecular patterns from pathogenic organisms or damaged cells and trigger an innate immune response, most commonly through production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, but also through ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Is the Economic Impact and Utilization of Imaging Studies for Pediatric Urolithiasis Across the United States Increasing?

Journal Article Urology · August 2016 OBJECTIVE: To identify longitudinal trends of economic impact and resource utilization for management of pediatric urolithiasis using national databases. METHODS: We analyzed the 2006-2012 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample and Nationwide Inpatient Sam ... Full text Link to item Cite

The NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates Inflammation Produced by Bladder Outlet Obstruction.

Journal Article J Urol · May 2016 Featured Publication PURPOSE: While bladder outlet obstruction is well established to elicit an inflammatory reaction in the bladder that leads to overactive bladder and fibrosis, little is known about the mechanism by which this is initiated. NLRs (NOD-like receptors) and the ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The potential repertoire of the innate immune system in the bladder: expression of pattern recognition receptors in the rat bladder and a rat urothelial cell line (MYP3 cells).

Journal Article Int Urol Nephrol · December 2015 Featured Publication PURPOSE: The urothelium is a frontline sensor of the lower urinary tract, sampling the bladder lumen and stimulating an immune response to infectious and noxious agents. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize such agents and coordinate the innate r ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Post-surgical infections and perioperative antibiotics usage in pediatric genitourinary procedures.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · December 2015 BACKGROUND: Post-surgical infections (PSIs) are a source of preventable perioperative morbidity. No guidelines exist for the use of perioperative antibiotics in pediatric urologic procedures. OBJECTIVE: This study reports the rate of PSIs in non-endoscopic ... Full text Link to item Cite

S-Nitrosoglutathione protects the spinal bladder: novel therapeutic approach to post-spinal cord injury bladder remodeling.

Journal Article Neurourol Urodyn · August 2015 AIMS: Bladder and renal dysfunction are secondary events of the inflammatory processes induced by spinal cord injury (SCI). S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), an endogenous nitrosylating agent is pleiotropic and has anti-inflammatory property. Hence, GSNO amelio ... Full text Link to item Cite

A novel urodynamic model for lower urinary tract assessment in awake rats.

Journal Article BJU Int · April 2015 OBJECTIVES: To develop a urodynamic model incorporating external urethral sphincter (EUS) electromyography (EMG) in awake rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bladder catheters and EUS EMG electrodes were implanted in female Sprague Dawley rats. Assessments were p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Special considerations in the pediatric patient

Chapter · December 5, 2014 Management of children presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms presents a unique challenge as their bladder function can be at any point along the spectrum of maturation; from immature infantile voiding physiology to that of an adult. Urodynamics (UDS ... Full text Cite

Inflammasomes are important mediators of cyclophosphamide-induced bladder inflammation.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Renal Physiol · February 1, 2014 Bladder inflammation (cystitis) underlies numerous bladder pathologies and is elicited by a plethora of agents such as urinary tract infections, bladder outlet obstruction, chemotherapies, and catheters. Pattern recognition receptors [Toll-like receptors ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Editorial comment.

Journal Article J Urol · September 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

Simvastatin suppresses cyclophosphamide-induced changes in urodynamics and bladder inflammation.

Journal Article Urology · January 2013 OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of daily oral simvastatin administration to reduce the negative urodynamic changes associated with cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cystitis and to prevent bladder inflammation. Patients undergoing CP chemotherapy frequently d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complete primary repair of bladder exstrophy: a single institution referral experience.

Journal Article J Urol · September 2011 PURPOSE: The reasons for referral and treatment strategies in patients who underwent complete primary repair of bladder exstrophy elsewhere in the newborn period were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An institutionally approved database identified patient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modern approaches in primary exstrophy closure.

Journal Article Semin Pediatr Surg · May 2011 Until the 1970s, bladder exstrophy was a frequently fatal birth defect that, at the very least, conferred a shortened life span with devastating consequences for afflicted patients. Beginning with the modern era of surgical management, survival has become ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oligodendroglial and pan-neural crest expression of Cre recombinase directed by Sox10 enhancer.

Journal Article Genesis · November 2009 Utilizing a recently identified Sox10 distal enhancer directing Cre expression, we report S4F:Cre, a transgenic mouse line capable of inducing recombination in oligodendroglia and all examined neural crest derived tissues. Assayed using R26R:LacZ reporter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modified Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction after exstrophy repair.

Conference J Urol · October 2009 PURPOSE: We describe the application and results of modified Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction after successful complete primary repair in the newborn period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 34 patients referred for a continence proce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complications of surgical reconstruction of the exstrophy-epispadias complex.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · December 2008 This review of the complications of all methods of modern treatment of bladder exstrophy emphasizes the complexity of reconstruction of the bladder exstrophy spectrum. The main complications of any method of primary bladder exstrophy closure are complete w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complete androgen insensitivity: the role of the surgeon.

Journal Article J Urol · October 2008 PURPOSE: This is a retrospective series of the surgical management of complete androgen insensitivity at a single institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 16 patients 4 to 63 years old with complete androgen insensitivity were extracted from an i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complications of primary closure of classic bladder exstrophy.

Journal Article J Urol · October 2008 PURPOSE: We report the urological, orthopedic and neurological complications of primary closure of classic bladder exstrophy using modern staged repair of exstrophy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An approved database identified 137 males and 57 females with class ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paraexstrophy skin flaps for the primary closure of exstrophy in boys: outmoded or updated?

Journal Article J Urol · October 2008 PURPOSE: We evaluated the current application of Duckett paraexstrophy skin flaps for bladder exstrophy reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of cases of classic exstrophy treated at our institution between September 1993 and March ... Full text Link to item Cite

The modern staged repair of bladder exstrophy in the female: a contemporary series.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · April 2008 OBJECTIVE: Many changes have occurred in the treatment of bladder exstrophy over the last few years and several repairs are now offered, but there is a lack of long-term follow-up data. The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term outcomes in a sele ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complications of radical soft-tissue mobilization procedure as a primary closure of exstrophy.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · February 2008 PURPOSE: The radical soft-tissue mobilization procedure was developed as a component of the staged closure of classical bladder exstrophy to improve continency rates without having to perform pelvic osteotomies. The authors describe complications following ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pelvic Osteotomy in the Modern Treatment of the Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex{A figure is presented}

Journal Article EAU-EBU Update Series · October 1, 2007 The role of the pelvic osteotomy at the time of bladder exstrophy closure has been better defined over the past three decades. Modern radiographic imaging provides greater insight into the pelvic bony and muscular defects encountered with these children an ... Full text Cite

Repeat pelvic osteotomy in cloacal exstrophy: applications and outcomes.

Journal Article J Pediatr Urol · October 2007 PURPOSE: Pelvic osteotomies have been shown to enhance success rates for classic exstrophy patients when closed primarily or secondarily after initial failure. Primary closure of cloacal exstrophy also benefits from osteotomy but this has yet to be shown f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Angiotensin II plays a role in acute murine experimental autoimmune cystitis.

Journal Article BJU Int · September 2007 OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether angiotensin II (AII) receptor antagonism decreases the inflammation and oedema in acute murine experimental autoimmune cystitis (EAC), as interstitial cystitis (IC) might have an autoimmune component and AII has been impl ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of angiotensin II in stress urinary incontinence: A rat model.

Conference Neurourol Urodyn · 2007 AIMS: Pharmacological treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is limited to the use of non-selective alpha-agonists, which are often ineffective. Non-adrenergic mechanisms have also been implicated in urethral closure, including angiotensin II (Ang ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel delivery of oligonucleotides using a topical hydrogel tissue sealant in a murine partial nephrectomy model.

Journal Article J Urol · September 2005 PURPOSE: Ischemia/reperfusion injury is a leading cause of renal damage and antisense gene therapy has been shown to ameliorate its effects. However, this approach has been limited by current delivery methods that require high concentrations of intravenous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Application of fibrin glue to damaged bladder mucosa in a case of BK viral hemorrhagic cystitis.

Journal Article Urology · September 2005 BK virus is a common cause of severe hemorrhagic cystitis refractory to standard treatment. We describe a technique to achieve hemostasis after failed conservative therapy using fibrin glue applied suprapubically while visualizing and insufflating the blad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cytochrome c recognition of immobilized, orientational variants of cytochrome b5: Direct force and equilibrium binding measurements

Journal Article Langmuir · September 28, 1999 Direct force measurements, surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, and genetic manipulations were used to investigate the impact of the orientation of immobilized cytochrome b5 (cyt b5) on its interactions with cytochrome c (cyt c). In this work, we used t ... Full text Cite

Okinawa citizens, US bases, and the dugong

Journal Article BULLETIN OF CONCERNED ASIAN SCHOLARS · October 1, 1997 Link to item Cite