Scholars@Duke
Vijay Krishnamoorthy

Vijay Krishnamoorthy

Associate Professor of Anesthesiology
Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine

Selected Publications

Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Maternal Cardiovascular Morbidity Events in Patients With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · November 6, 2024 BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a major contributor to maternal morbidity, mortality, and accelerated cardiovascular (CV) disease. Comorbid conditions are likely important predictors of CV risk in pregnant people. Currently, there ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perioperative Albumin Among Adults Undergoing Thoracic Surgery in the United States: Utilization, Associations With Clinical Outcomes, and Contribution to Hospital Costs.

Journal Article J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth · November 2024 OBJECTIVES: To estimate the use of albumin among adults undergoing thoracic surgery in the United States, compare baseline characteristics, clinical and cost outcomes of recipients versus nonrecipients, and determine albumin's contribution to total hospita ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk Factors for Increased Opioid Use During Postoperative Intensive Care.

Journal Article Crit Care Explor · November 1, 2024 IMPORTANCE: In the ICU, opioids treat pain and improve ventilator tolerance as part of an analgosedation approach. Identifying predictors of opioid consumption during the ICU course might highlight actionable items to reduce opioid consumption. OBJECTIVES: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Area Deprivation Index With Mortality in Critically Ill Adults With COVID-19.

Journal Article Am J Crit Care · November 1, 2024 BACKGROUND: Various social determinants of health have been established as significant risk factors for COVID-19 transmission, prevalence, incidence, and mortality. Area deprivation index (ADI, a composite score made up of educational, housing, and poverty ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hospital Outcomes in Patients Who Developed Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Journal Article J Intensive Care Med · October 2024 Purpose: To identify risk factors for and outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: This is a retrospective study using the Premier Healthcare Database between 2016 and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of Wildfire Smoke on Acute Illness.

Journal Article Anesthesiology · October 1, 2024 Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

ICU outcomes following a Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infections (CLABSI) reduction quality improvement project.

Journal Article Curr Med Res Opin · October 2024 BACKGROUND: Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infections (CLABSI) are significant complications for hospitalized patients. Several different approaches have been used to reduce CLABSI. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to (1) describe a systematic approach us ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early Beta-Blocker Utilization in Critically Ill Patients With Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal Article J Intensive Care Med · September 2024 BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence that beta-blockers may provide benefit for patients with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) during the acute injury period. Larger studies on utilization patterns and impact on outcomes in clinical practice a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in the Utilization of Multiorgan Support Among Adults Undergoing High-risk Cardiac Surgery in the United States.

Journal Article J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth · September 2024 OBJECTIVES: To examine trends in the prevalence of multiorgan dysfunction (MODS), utilization of multi-organ support (MOS), and mortality among patients undergoing cardiac surgery with MODS who received MOS in the United States. DESIGN: Retrospective cohor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal outcomes by mode of delivery among pregnant patients with eclampsia: a retrospective cohort study.

Journal Article American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · September 2024 Full text Cite

The Discover In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (Discover IHCA) Study: An Investigation of Hospital Practices After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Journal Article Crit Care Explor · September 1, 2024 IMPORTANCE: In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is a significant public health burden. Rates of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) have been improving, but the best way to care for patients after the initial resuscitation remains poorly understood, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Early Dexmedetomidine Utilization With Clinical Outcomes After Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · August 1, 2024 BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an expensive and common public health problem. Management of TBI oftentimes includes sedation to facilitate mechanical ventilation (MV) for airway protection. Dexmedetomidine has emerged as a potential candidate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of early dexmedetomidine exposure with brain injury biomarker levels following moderate - Severe traumatic brain injury: A TRACK-TBI study.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · August 2024 BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) triggers autonomic dysfunction and inflammatory response that can result in secondary brain injuries. Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 agonist that may modulate autonomic function and inflammation and has been increasi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation and management of hypertensive emergency.

Journal Article BMJ · July 26, 2024 Hypertensive emergencies cause substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly when acute organ injury is present. Careful and effective strategies to reduce blood pressure and diminish the effects of pressure-mediated injury are essential. While the sel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploring phenotype-based ventilator parameter optimization to mitigate postoperative pulmonary complications: a retrospective observational cohort study.

Journal Article Surg Today · July 2024 PURPOSE: To identify tidal volume (VT) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) associated with the lowest incidence and severity of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) for each phenotype based on preoperative characteristics. METHODS: The subj ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of Early Ketamine Sedation and Association With Clinical and Cost Outcomes Among Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal Article Crit Care Explor · July 1, 2024 OBJECTIVES: To describe the utilization of early ketamine use among patients mechanically ventilated for COVID-19, and examine associations with in-hospital mortality and other clinical outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Six hundred ten ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950-2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Journal Article Lancet · May 18, 2024 BACKGROUND: Estimates of demographic metrics are crucial to assess levels and trends of population health outcomes. The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations worldwide has underscored the need for timely estimates to understand this unpre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Journal Article Lancet · May 18, 2024 BACKGROUND: Accurate assessments of current and future fertility-including overall trends and changing population age structures across countries and regions-are essential to help plan for the profound social, economic, environmental, and geopolitical chal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Journal Article Lancet · May 18, 2024 BACKGROUND: Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Glob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Journal Article Lancet · May 18, 2024 BACKGROUND: Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age group ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal Morbidity According to Mode of Delivery Among Pregnant Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · May 1, 2024 BACKGROUND: Patients with pulmonary hypertension have a high risk of maternal morbidity and mortality. It is unknown if a trial of labor carries a lower risk of morbidity in these patients compared to a planned cesarean delivery. The objective of this stud ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Journal Article Lancet (London, England) · May 2024 BackgroundRegular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable me ... Full text Cite

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Journal Article Crit Care Med · May 1, 2024 Full text Link to item Cite

Early Cardiac Evaluation, Abnormal Test Results, and Associations with Outcomes in Patients with Acute Brain Injury Admitted to a Neurocritical Care Unit.

Journal Article J Clin Med · April 25, 2024 Background: to examine factors associated with cardiac evaluation and associations between cardiac test abnormalities and clinical outcomes in patients with acute brain injury (ABI) due to acute ischemic stroke (AIS), spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (S ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety, Efficacy, and Clinical Outcomes of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · April 1, 2024 Dexmedetomidine is a promising alternative sedative agent for moderate-severe Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Although the data are limited, the posited benefits of dexmedetomidine in this population are a reduction in secondary brain injury compare ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Early Dexmedetomidine Utilization With Clinical and Functional Outcomes Following Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Transforming Clinical Research and Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · April 1, 2024 OBJECTIVE: To examine early sedation patterns, as well as the association of dexmedetomidine exposure, with clinical and functional outcomes among mechanically ventilated patients with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI). DESIGN: Retrospective c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Journal Article Lancet Neurol · April 2024 BACKGROUND: Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burd ... Full text Link to item Cite

Burden of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Across the US From 1990 to 2019.

Journal Article JAMA Neurol · March 4, 2024 IMPORTANCE: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the US. Accurate and updated measures of stroke burden are needed to guide public health policies. OBJECTIVE: To present burden estimates of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in the US in 2019 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Malnutrition and Adverse Outcomes After Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer.

Journal Article JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · January 1, 2024 IMPORTANCE: Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) have an increased risk of malnutrition, partly due to disease location and treatment sequelae. Although malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes, there is little data on the extent of outcomes an ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

RISING FALL-RELATED MORTALITY IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION

Conference CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · 2024 Cite

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risks, 1990-2022.

Journal Article J Am Coll Cardiol · December 19, 2023 Full text Link to item Cite

Severe Maternal Morbidity According to Mode of Delivery Among Pregnant Patients With Cardiomyopathies.

Journal Article JACC Heart Fail · December 2023 BACKGROUND: Women with cardiomyopathies are at risk for pregnancy complications. The optimal mode of delivery in these patients is guided by expert opinion and limited small studies. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to examine the association of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence of Myocardial Injury and Cardiac Dysfunction After Adult Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · November 20, 2023 Myocardial injury and cardiac dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been reported in observational studies, but there is no robust estimate of their incidences. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled inciden ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 17729: When Do Black and White Patients Die After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Insights From the United States Veterans Health Administration

Conference Circulation · November 7, 2023 Introduction: Black patients continue to have disproportionately higher rates of death after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) procedures. Data are needed to guide interventions to eliminate inequit ... Full text Cite

Propensity score methods in observational research: brief review and guide for authors.

Journal Article Br J Anaesth · November 2023 Causal inference in observational research requires a careful approach to adjustment for confounding. One such approach is the use of propensity score analyses. In this editorial, we focus on the role of propensity score-based methods in estimating causal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global, regional, and national burden of other musculoskeletal disorders, 1990–2020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Journal Article The Lancet Rheumatology · November 1, 2023 Background: Musculoskeletal disorders include more than 150 different conditions affecting joints, muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, and the spine. To capture all health loss from death and disability due to musculoskeletal disorders, the Global Burden o ... Full text Cite

Global, regional, and national burden of spinal cord injury, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Journal Article Lancet Neurol · November 2023 BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of health loss due to premature mortality and long-term disability. We aimed to report on the global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years of life lived with disability (YLDs) for SCI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early enteral nutrition is associated with improved outcomes in critically ill mechanically ventilated medical and surgical patients.

Journal Article Clin Nutr ESPEN · October 2023 BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Data suggest that guidelines for enteral nutrition (EN) initiation are not closely followed in clinical practice. In addition, critically ill mechanically ventilated (MV) patients have varying metabolic needs, which often increase and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Change to Mixed-Lipid Emulsion From Soybean Oil-Based Lipid Emulsion in Pediatric Patients.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · September 5, 2023 IMPORTANCE: Critically ill pediatric patients often require parenteral nutrition (PN) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Literature suggests mixed lipid emulsions (LE) with soybean oil reduction strategies may improve outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To examine the ass ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

State Firearm Laws and Rate of Assault-Related Firearm Death.

Journal Article J Am Coll Surg · September 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: Studying firearm-related mortality is important to reduce preventable firearm death in the US. This study aims to determine the relationship between firearm laws and assault death with firearms. STUDY DESIGN: This ecologic study used public dat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology, Resistance Profiles, and Outcomes of Bloodstream Infections in Community-Onset Sepsis in the United States.

Journal Article Critical care medicine · September 2023 ObjectivesTo describe frequency of positive blood cultures, patterns of pathogens' characteristics and their resistance profile in patients with blood cultures drawn due to a presumed diagnosis of community-onset sepsis, and to examine the associa ... Full text Cite

The Quality Improvement Fellow: Educating on Making the Difference.

Journal Article A A Pract · September 1, 2023 The critical care medicine (CCM) fellowship is an opportunity for advanced anesthesiology trainees to refine their quality improvement (QI) skills. However, the short training period and inconsistent curricula make this challenging. The QI fellow (QIF) is ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Early Beta-Blocker Exposure and Functional Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Transforming Clinical Research and Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study.

Journal Article Crit Care Explor · September 2023 OBJECTIVES: We aimed to 1) describe patterns of beta-blocker utilization among critically ill patients following moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 2) examine the association of early beta-blocker exposure with functional and clinical outcome ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990-2020 and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Journal Article The Lancet Rheumatology · September 1, 2023 Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis in adults, characterised by chronic pain and loss of mobility. Osteoarthritis most frequently occurs after age 40 years and prevalence increases steeply with age. WHO has designated 2021–30 th ... Full text Cite

Video versus Direct Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Adults.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · August 3, 2023 BACKGROUND: Whether video laryngoscopy as compared with direct laryngoscopy increases the likelihood of successful tracheal intubation on the first attempt among critically ill adults is uncertain. METHODS: In a multicenter, randomized trial conducted at 1 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Opioid-Sparing Multimodal Analgesia Use After Cesarean Delivery Under General Anesthesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study in 729 US Hospitals.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · August 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: Optimizing analgesia after cesarean delivery is essential to quality of patient recovery. The American Society of Anesthesiologists and the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology recommend multimodal analgesia (MMA). However, little ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Brain Injury Biomarkers and Circulatory Shock Following Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · July 1, 2023 INTRODUCTION: Early circulatory shock following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a multifactorial process; however, the impact of brain injury biomarkers on the risk of shock has not been evaluated. We examined the association between neuronal injury biomar ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

An Analysis of Outcomes Following a Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infections (CLABSI) Reduction Quality Improvement Project in a Tertiary Care Center.

Journal Article Cureus · July 2023 Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infections (CLABSI) continue to be a significant complication for hospitalized patients. Hospitals have used various strategies to reduce CLABSI events due to the significant complications and associated costs. In this ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries.

Journal Article Br J Surg · June 12, 2023 BACKGROUND: Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. METHODS: This study adopted a four-phase D ... Full text Link to item Cite

Utilization and Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Following Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States.

Journal Article J Intensive Care Med · May 2023 Objectives: Describe contemporary ECMO utilization patterns among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and examine clinical outcomes among TBI patients requiring ECMO. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Premier Healthcare Database (PHD) bet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal Cardiovascular Morbidity Events Following Preeclampsia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · April 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: Patients with preeclampsia are at high risk for long-term cardiovascular events, yet the short-term, acute cardiovascular complications that follow preeclampsia are understudied. The objective of this study was to compare the short-term, acute ... Full text Link to item Cite

Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury by Age and Sex: A Retrospective Cohort Association Study.

Journal Article Anesthesiology · February 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) after noncardiac surgery is common and has substantial health impact. Preclinical and clinical studies examining the influence of sex on AKI have yielded conflicting results, although they typically do not account for ... Full text Link to item Cite

DirEct versus VIdeo LaryngosCopE (DEVICE): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomised clinical trial in critically ill adults undergoing emergency tracheal intubation.

Journal Article BMJ Open · January 13, 2023 INTRODUCTION: Among critically ill patients undergoing orotracheal intubation in the emergency department (ED) or intensive care unit (ICU), failure to visualise the vocal cords and intubate the trachea on the first attempt is associated with an increased ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Appropriate Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy With In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Bloodstream Infections in the US.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · January 3, 2023 IMPORTANCE: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a major public health problem associated with high morbidity. Little evidence exists regarding the epidemiology of BSIs and the use of appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the ass ... Full text Link to item Cite

Insurance Status and Ethnicity Impact Health Disparities in Rates of Advance Directives in Trauma.

Journal Article Am Surg · January 2023 INTRODUCTION: Advanced directives (ADs) provide a framework from which families may understand patient's wishes. However, end-of-life planning may not be prioritized by everyone. This analysis aimed to determine what populations have ADs and how they affec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Restrictive Firearm Laws and Firearm-Related Suicide.

Journal Article J Am Coll Surg · January 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: There were 23,854 suicides by firearms in 2017 in the US, accounting for 60% of all gun deaths. Studying firearm-related mortalities is vital for reducing preventable gun deaths. This study aims to determine the association between state-level ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mutual information: Measuring nonlinear dependence in longitudinal epidemiological data.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2023 Given a large clinical database of longitudinal patient information including many covariates, it is computationally prohibitive to consider all types of interdependence between patient variables of interest. This challenge motivates the use of mutual info ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disparities in healthcare utilization and outcomes for older adults with infected stones

Conference JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY · 2023 Cite

Association of Blood Culture-positive Pathogens With Outcomes in Community Onset Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · 2023 Cite

Outcomes in ARDS in Patients Hospitalized with CAP

Conference ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA · 2023 Cite

Risk Factors for ARDS in Patients Hospitalized with CAP

Conference ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA · 2023 Cite

The QI Fellow: Educating on Making the Difference

Conference ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA · 2023 Cite

Early Vasopressor Utilization Strategies and Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · December 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Early hypotension after severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is associated with increased mortality and poor long-term outcomes. Current guidelines suggest the use of intravenous vasopressors, commonly norepinephrine and phenylephrine, to suppo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence of Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders among Older Adults with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article J Intensive Care Med · December 2022 BACKGROUND: Older adults suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI) are subject to higher injury burden and mortality. Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders are used to provide care aligned with patient wishes, but they may not be equitably distributed across r ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Journal Article Lancet (London, England) · December 2022 BackgroundReducing the burden of death due to infection is an urgent global public health priority. Previous studies have estimated the number of deaths associated with drug-resistant infections and sepsis and found that infections remain a leadin ... Full text Cite

Elective surgery system strengthening: development, measurement, and validation of the surgical preparedness index across 1632 hospitals in 119 countries.

Journal Article Lancet · November 5, 2022 BACKGROUND: The 2015 Lancet Commission on global surgery identified surgery and anaesthesia as indispensable parts of holistic health-care systems. However, COVID-19 exposed the fragility of planned surgical services around the world, which have also been ... Full text Link to item Cite

Failure to Rescue After Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Non-Cardiac Surgery.

Journal Article J Surg Res · November 2022 INTRODUCTION: Many deaths after surgery can be attributed to "failure to rescue," which may be a better surgical quality indicator than the occurrence of a postoperative complication. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one such postoperative complication associa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial Differences in Firearms Used and Autopsies Following Gun Deaths Exist.

Journal Article J Surg Res · November 2022 INTRODUCTION: Disparities in gun violence across race are well documented. Studying these disparities is essential to reduce preventable gun deaths. This study evaluates the relationship between sociodemographic factors and firearms used in gun deaths. MAT ... Full text Link to item Cite

Restrictive Firearm Laws Are Associated with Decreased Firearm-Related Suicides

Conference Journal of the American College of Surgeons · November 2022 Full text Cite

Hospital change to mixed lipid emulsion from soybean oil-based lipid emulsion for parenteral nutrition in hospitalized and critically ill adults improves outcomes: a pre-post-comparative study.

Journal Article Crit Care · October 18, 2022 INTRODUCTION: Early data suggest use of a mixed lipid emulsion (LE) with a soybean oil reduction strategy in parenteral nutrition (PN) may improve clinical outcomes. Duke University Hospital made a full switch to a Soybean oil/MCT/Olive/Fish Oil lipid (4-O ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Initial antihypertensive agent effects on acute blood pressure after intracerebral haemorrhage.

Journal Article Stroke Vasc Neurol · October 2022 INTRODUCTION: Current guidelines recommend blood pressure (BP) lowering in patients after acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) without guidance on initial choice of antihypertensive class. This study sought to determine if initial antihypertensive class d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitors and Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · October 1, 2022 OBJECTIVES: To determine the association of prior use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASIs) with mortality and outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: Multicenter, internati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk Factors and Neurological Outcomes Associated With Circulatory Shock After Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · September 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Extracranial multisystem organ failure is a common sequela of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Risk factors for developing circulatory shock and long-term functional outcomes of this patient subset are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To ident ... Full text Link to item Cite

No Association of Early Postoperative Heart Rate With Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Journal Article Am J Crit Care · September 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Elevated perioperative heart rate potentially causes perioperative myocardial injury because of imbalance in oxygen supply and demand. However, large multicenter studies evaluating early postoperative heart rate and major adverse cardiac and ce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Underutilization of Acetaminophen in Older Adult Trauma Patients.

Journal Article Am Surg · August 2022 INTRODUCTION: Older adults are more vulnerable to opioid-associated morbidity. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and timing of acetaminophen and opioid use in the postoperative period. METHODS: Older adult trauma patients (≥65 years) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association Between Gabapentinoids and Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery.

Journal Article J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth · August 2022 OBJECTIVE: Perioperative gabapentinoids in general surgery have been associated with an increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), while resulting in equivocal pain relief. This study's aim was to examine the utilization of gabapentino ... Full text Link to item Cite

Left Ventricular Function in the Initial Period After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Swine.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · August 2022 BACKGROUND: Cardiac dysfunction is common in the days after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and may contribute to hypotension episodes, leading to worse outcomes. Little is known about cardiac function in the minutes and hours immediately following TBI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Micronutrient deficiencies in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy.

Journal Article Clin Nutr ESPEN · August 2022 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is essential to the management of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critical illness. Unfortunately, large quantities of micronutrients are shown to be lost in CRRT effluent. Current literature desc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Journal Article Lancet Public Health · August 2022 BACKGROUND: Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10-24 years ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in Assault Mortalities Among Asian Americans, 2009-2018.

Journal Article J Surg Res · July 2022 INTRODUCTION: As of yet, few studies have described the prevalence or rates of assault mortalities involving Asian victims on a national level. This study aimed to describe yearly trends and regional differences in assault mortalities among Asians. METHODS ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanical thrombectomy for perioperative ischemic stroke following elective inpatient surgery in the United States.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · July 2022 Perioperative ischemic stroke significantly increases morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing elective surgery. Mechanical thrombectomy can improve ischemic stroke outcomes, but frequency and trend of its utilization for treatment of perioperative i ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Incidence and Clinical Impact of Myocardial Injury Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot TRACK-TBI Study.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · April 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health problem. Little research has addressed extracranial organ dysfunction following TBI, particularly myocardial injury. Using a sensitive marker of myocardial injury-high sensitivity troponin ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Utilization of Brain Tissue Oxygenation Monitoring and Association with Mortality Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · April 2022 BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the utilization patterns of brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2) monitoring following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and determine associations with mortality, health care use, and pulmonary toxicity. METHODS: ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Role of Early Enteral Nutrition in Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients.

Journal Article Critical care explorations · April 2022 Current guidance recommends initiation of early enteral nutrition (early EN) within 24-36 hours of ICU admission in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Despite this recommendation, there is quite limited evidence describing the effect of early EN on outcomes ... Full text Cite

Association of Vasopressor Choice with Clinical and Functional Outcomes Following Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · February 2022 BACKGROUND: Early hypotension following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with increased mortality and poor long-term outcomes. Current guidelines suggest the use of intravenous vasopressors to support blood pressure following T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Naloxone Dispensing in Patients at Risk for Opioid Overdose After Total Knee Arthroplasty Within the Veterans Health Administration.

Journal Article Fed Pract · February 2022 BACKGROUND: Naloxone prescribing among patients undergoing surgery is not well described. This cohort study was designed to examine patients' risk factors for opioid overdose and their association with naloxone prescribing among veterans undergoing total k ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Following Isolated Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article J Intensive Care Med · January 2022 Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at risk for extra-cranial complications, such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We conducted an analysis of risk factors, mortality, and healthcare utilization associated with ARDS following i ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

SARS-CoV-2 infection and venous thromboembolism after surgery: an international prospective cohort study.

Journal Article Anaesthesia · January 2022 SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with an increased rate of venous thromboembolism in critically ill patients. Since surgical patients are already at higher risk of venous thromboembolism than general populations, this study aimed to determine if patients wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury Is Associated With Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease Independent of Severity.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · January 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Both postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and preoperative chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with significantly worse outcomes following surgery. The relationship of both of these conditions with each other and with CKD progression ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial and Ethnic Disparities among Thoracic Surgery Patients

Conference ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA · 2022 Cite

Analgesia After Cesarean Delivery in the United States 2008-2018: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · December 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Optimizing analgesia after cesarean delivery is a priority and requires balancing adequate pain relief with the risk of analgesics-associated adverse effects. Current recommendations are for use of a multimodal, opioid-sparing analgesic regimen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health Care Utilization Following Severe Acute Brain Injury in the United States.

Conference J Intensive Care Med · November 2021 OBJECTIVE: To examine racial and ethnic differences in the utilization of 3 interventions (tracheostomy placement, gastrostomy tube placement, and hospice utilization) among patients with severe acute brain injury (SABI). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fatal police violence by race and state in the USA, 1980-2019: a network meta-regression.

Journal Article Lancet · October 2, 2021 BACKGROUND: The burden of fatal police violence is an urgent public health crisis in the USA. Mounting evidence shows that deaths at the hands of the police disproportionately impact people of certain races and ethnicities, pointing to systemic racism in p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Severe Acute Kidney Injury with Mortality and Healthcare Utilization Following Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · October 2021 BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability in the USA. While cardiopulmonary dysfunction can result in poor outcomes following severe TBI, the impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) is poorly ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Association of Early Multiple Organ Dysfunction With Clinical and Functional Outcomes Over the Year Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · October 1, 2021 OBJECTIVES: Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. While the impact of early multiple organ dysfunction syndrome has been studied in many critical care paradigms, the clinical impact of early multiple organ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Journal Article Lancet Neurol · October 2021 BACKGROUND: Regularly updated data on stroke and its pathological types, including data on their incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability, risk factors, and epidemiological trends, are important for evidence-based stroke care planning and resource allo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018.

Journal Article Nature medicine · October 2021 Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000-2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15-49 years) acr ... Full text Open Access Cite

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study.

Journal Article Br J Surg · September 27, 2021 BACKGROUND: Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. METHODS: The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortality findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Journal Article Lancet · September 4, 2021 BACKGROUND: Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 has targeted elimination of preventable child mortality, reduction of neonatal death to less than 12 per 1000 livebirths, and reduction of death of children younger than 5 years to less than 25 per 1000 livebirt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multiorgan Dysfunction After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Clinical Management.

Journal Article Chest · September 2021 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health problem and a major contributor to morbidity and mortality following multisystem trauma. Extracranial organ dysfunction is common after severe TBI and significantly impacts clinical care and outcomes fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global, regional, and national burden of bone fractures in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Journal Article Lancet Healthy Longev · September 2021 BACKGROUND: Bone fractures are a global public health issue; however, to date, no comprehensive study of their incidence and burden has been done. We aimed to measure the global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute Care Resource Use After Elective Surgery in the United States: Implications During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Journal Article Am J Crit Care · July 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic created pressure to delay inpatient elective surgery to increase US health care capacity. This study examined the extent to which common inpatient elective operations consume acute care resources. METHODS: This cross-secti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preoperative Care Assessment of Need Scores Are Associated With Postoperative Mortality and Length of Stay in Veterans Undergoing Knee Replacement.

Journal Article Fed Pract · July 2021 BACKGROUND: Care Assessment of Need (CAN) scores predicting 90-day mortality and hospitalization are automatically computed each week for patients receiving care at Veterans Health Administration facilities. While currently used only by primary care teams ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in analgesic strategies for lobectomy from 2009 to 2018.

Journal Article JTCVS Open · June 2021 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate trends in the use of epidural analgesia and nonopioid and opioid analgesics for patients undergoing lobectomy from 2009 to 2018. METHODS: We queried the Premier database for adult patients undergoing open, video-assisted, and robotic ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Association of gabapentinoid utilization with postoperative pulmonary complications in gynecologic surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Journal Article Curr Med Res Opin · May 2021 OBJECTIVE: To investigate gabapentinoid utilization and association with postoperative pulmonary complications after gynecologic surgery. METHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, we performed this retrospective cohort study using the Premier Hea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in Comorbidities and Complications Using ICD-9 and ICD-10 in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasties.

Journal Article J Bone Joint Surg Am · April 21, 2021 BACKGROUND: The transition to the new ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision) coding system in the U.S. poses challenges to the ability to consistently and accurately measure trends in comorbidities and complications. We examined ... Full text Link to item Cite

Echocardiogram Utilization Patterns and Association With Mortality Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · April 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in left ventricular dysfunction, which can lead to hypotension and secondary brain injuries. Although echocardiography is often used to examine cardiovascular function in multiple clinical settings ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Postoperative Utilization of Oral Nutrition Supplements in Surgical Patients in US Hospitals.

Journal Article JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · March 2021 BACKGROUND: Postoperative nutrition delivery is essential to surgical recovery; unfortunately, postoperative dietary intake is often poor. Recent surgical guidelines recommend use of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) to improve nutrition delivery. Our aim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of malnutrition via modified GLIM criteria for in patients undergoing emergent gastrointestinal surgery.

Journal Article Clin Nutr · March 2021 BACKGROUND: Malnutrition remains a critical public health issue in the US, particularly in surgery where perioperative malnutrition is commonly underdiagnosed and undertreated. In 2016, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) proposed a set ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between early postoperative nutritional supplement utilisation and length of stay in malnourished hip fracture patients.

Journal Article Br J Anaesth · March 2021 BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in older hip fracture patients is associated with increased complication rates and mortality. As postoperative nutrition delivery is essential to surgical recovery, postoperative nutritional supplements including oral nutritional s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract P527: Temporal Trend of Mechanical Thrombectomy Utilization in Treatment of Perioperative Ischemic Stroke Following Elective Inpatient Surgery in the United States

Conference Stroke · March 2021 Background: Perioperative ischemic stroke (PIS) significantly increases morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing elective surgery. Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) can improve outcomes of ischemic s ... Full text Cite

Burden of Neurological Disorders Across the US From 1990-2017: A Global Burden of Disease Study.

Journal Article JAMA Neurol · February 1, 2021 IMPORTANCE: Accurate and up-to-date estimates on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (burden) of neurological disorders are the backbone of evidence-based health care planning and resource allocation for these disorders. It ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploring Factors Associated With Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders: A National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database Analysis Within Surgical Groups.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · February 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Anesthesiologists caring for patients with do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders may have ethical concerns because of their resuscitative wishes and may have clinical concerns because of their known increased risk of morbidity/mortality. Patient hete ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perioperative colloid choice and bleeding in patients undergoing musculoskeletal surgery: An observational administrative database study.

Journal Article Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci · 2021 BACKGROUND: The synthetic colloid hydroxyethyl starch (HES) received a black box warning, issued by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in June 2013, in patients with sepsis, due to increased risk of bleeding, renal injury, and death. Risks of HES in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in analgesic strategies for lobectomy from 2009 to 2018

Conference ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA · 2021 Cite

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study.

Journal Article J Am Coll Cardiol · December 22, 2020 Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Geospatial Variations and Neighborhood Deprivation in Drug-Related Admissions and Overdoses.

Journal Article J Urban Health · December 2020 Drug overdoses are a national and global epidemic. However, while overdoses are inextricably linked to social, demographic, and geographical determinants, geospatial patterns of drug-related admissions and overdoses at the neighborhood level remain poorly ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and Performance of a Clinical Decision Support Tool to Inform Resource Utilization for Elective Operations.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · November 2, 2020 IMPORTANCE: Hospitals ceased most elective procedures during the height of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. As hospitals begin to recommence elective procedures, it is necessary to have a means to assess how resource intensive a given case m ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Impact of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Older Adult Trauma Patients With Hip Fractures.

Journal Article J Surg Res · November 2020 BACKGROUND: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use is frequently recommended for multimodal analgesia to reduce opioid use. We hypothesized that increased NSAID utilization will decrease opioid requirements without leading to significant complicat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pneumonia: Hiding in Plain (Film) Sight.

Journal Article J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth · November 2020 Herein, a case describing how point-of-care lung ultrasound was used to identify the source of progressive multiorgan failure when a chest x-ray and other routine tests failed to provide a conclusive answer is presented. The discussion after the case focus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of Acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Gabapentinoids, and Their Combinations on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty.

Journal Article Pain Med · October 1, 2020 OBJECTIVE: Multimodal analgesia has gained popularity in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but large multicenter studies evaluating specific analgesic combinations are lacking. DESIGN: A retrospective study using the Premier H ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Bleeding After Musculoskeletal Surgery in Hospitals That Switched From Hydroxyethyl Starch to Albumin Following a Food and Drug Administration Warning.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · October 2020 BACKGROUND: While US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) black box warnings are common, their impact on perioperative outcomes is unclear. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is associated with increased bleeding and kidney injury in patients with sepsis, leading to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Causal inference in perioperative medicine observational research: part 2, advanced methods.

Journal Article Br J Anaesth · September 2020 Although RCTs represent the gold standard in clinical research, most clinical questions cannot be answered using this technique, because of ethical considerations, time, and cost. The goal of observational research in clinical medicine is to gain insight i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Causal inference in perioperative medicine observational research: part 1, a graphical introduction.

Journal Article Br J Anaesth · September 2020 Graphical models have emerged as a tool to map out the interplay between multiple measured and unmeasured variables, and can help strengthen the case for a causal association between exposures and outcomes in observational studies. In Part 1 of this method ... Full text Link to item Cite

A clinical investigation into the benefits of using charge codes in perioperative and critical care epidemiology: A retrospective cohort database study.

Journal Article Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci · September 2020 CONTEXT: Epidemiologic studies in critical care routinely rely on the codes listed in International Classification of Diseases (ICD) manuals which are primarily intended for reimbursement of claims to payers. Standardized billing codes may minimize the mea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hypothermic machine perfusion utilization and outcomes for deceased-donor kidneys: A retrospective cohort study.

Journal Article Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci · September 2020 INTRODUCTION: Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) has been established as an efficacious method for preserving kidney allografts from deceased donors in clinical trials, but little data are available on the effectiveness of HMP in real-world settings. We e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations Between Perioperative Crystalloid Volume and Adverse Outcomes in Five Surgical Populations.

Journal Article J Surg Res · July 2020 BACKGROUND: Optimal administration of fluids is an important part of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. We sought to examine the relationship between perioperative crystalloid volume and adverse outcomes in five common types of surgical proc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bleeding After Musculoskeletal Surgery in Hospitals That Switched From Hydroxyethyl Starch to Albumin Following a Food and Drug Administration Warning.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · June 10, 2020 BACKGROUND: While US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) black box warnings are common, their impact on perioperative outcomes is unclear. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is associated with increased bleeding and kidney injury in patients with sepsis, leading to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Speckle Tracking Analysis of Left Ventricular Systolic Function Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · April 2020 BACKGROUND: Systolic dysfunction and reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) has been documented after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Speckle tracking is an emerging technology for myocardial strain assessment which has been utilized to ident ... Full text Link to item Cite

"I'm Leaving": Factors That Impact Against Medical Advice Disposition Post-Trauma.

Journal Article J Emerg Med · April 2020 BACKGROUND: Discharge against medical advice (AMA) is an important, yet understudied, aspect of health care-particularly in trauma populations. AMA discharges result in increased mortality, increased readmission rates, and higher health care costs. OBJECTI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dose-Dependent Association of Gabapentinoids with Pulmonary Complications After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasties.

Journal Article J Bone Joint Surg Am · February 5, 2020 BACKGROUND: Gabapentinoids are commonly prescribed in perioperative multimodal analgesia protocols. Despite widespread use, the optimal dose to reduce opioid consumption while minimizing risks is unknown. We assessed dose-dependent effects of gabapentinoid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of early postoperative oral nutritional supplement utilization on clinical outcomes in colorectal surgery.

Journal Article Perioper Med (Lond) · 2020 BACKGROUND: Small randomized trials of early postoperative oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) suggest various health benefits following colorectal surgery (CRS). However, real-world evidence of the impact of early ONS on clinical outcomes in CRS is lac ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Acetaminophen, Underutilized in Older Adult Trauma Patients

Conference ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA · 2020 Cite

Association 'Between Gabapentinoids on the Day of Colorectal Surgery and Adverse Postoperative Respiratory Outcomes.

Journal Article Ann Surg · December 2019 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the association between gabapentinoids on the day of surgery and adverse postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing colorectal surgery in the United States. BACKGROUND: Gabapentinoids, gabapentin and pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in Chronic Opioid Use Around Inpatient Surgery Within the Veterans Health Administration.

Journal Article JAMA Surg · December 1, 2019 This study assesses outcomes of veterans who have undergone inpatient surgery since the Veterans Health Administration’s opioid safety initiative was initiated. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early cardiovascular function and associated hemodynamics in adults with isolated moderate-severe traumatic brain injury: A pilot study.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · November 2019 BACKGROUND: While cardiac dysfunction has been described following traumatic brain injury (TBI), its association with systemic and cerebral hemodynamics is not known. We examined the contemporaneous relationship between early cardiac function with systemic ... Full text Link to item Cite

New Persistent Opioid Use After Postoperative Intensive Care in US Veterans.

Journal Article JAMA Surg · August 1, 2019 This study uses medical records of more than 800 000 US veterans treated in the intensive care unit after surgery to determine the rate at which these patients developed new persistent opioid use. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of an Opioid Safety Initiative on Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Time Series Analysis.

Journal Article Anesthesiology · August 2019 BACKGROUND: The Opioid Safety Initiative decreased high-dose prescriptions across the Veterans Health Administration. This study sought to examine the impact of this intervention (i.e., the Opioid Safety Initiative) on pain scores and opioid prescriptions ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intravenous Lidocaine Does Not Improve Neurologic Outcomes after Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article Anesthesiology · June 2019 BACKGROUND: Cognitive decline after cardiac surgery occurs frequently and persists in a significant proportion of patients. Preclinical studies and human trials suggest that intravenous lidocaine may confer protection in the setting of neurologic injury. I ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Tracheostomy After Severe Acute Brain Injury: Trends and Variability in the USA.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · June 2019 BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Severe acute brain injury (SABI) is responsible for 12 million deaths annually, prolonged disability in survivors, and substantial resource utilization. Little guidance exists regarding indication or optimal timing of tracheostomy aft ... Full text Link to item Cite

Point-of-Care Ultrasound Abnormalities in Late-Onset Severe Preeclampsia: Prevalence and Association With Serum Albumin and Brain Natriuretic Peptide.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · June 2019 BACKGROUND: Pilot studies applying point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in preeclampsia indicate the presence of pulmonary interstitial edema, cerebral edema, and cardiac dysfunction. Laboratory markers of oncotic pressure (albumin) and cardiac dysfunction (br ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Narrative Review of Cardiovascular Abnormalities After Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · April 2019 BACKGROUND: The recommended cardiac workup of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) includes an electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac troponin. However, abnormalities in other cardiovascular domains may occur. We reviewed the literature to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient characteristics and critical care workflow affect paging frequency in neurocritical care.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · March 2019 Indicator of response urgency (page tag), paging domains, distribution of pages by time of the day, and factors associated with neurocritical care paging remain elusive and were examined in this study. We examined the association between patient, neurocrit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Blood Pressure Thresholds and Mortality in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Pediatrics · August 2018 BACKGROUND: Hypotension after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with poor outcomes, but definitions of low systolic blood pressure (SBP) vary. Age- and sex-specific, percentile-based definitions of hypotension may help to better identify ... Full text Link to item Cite

The authors reply.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · July 2018 Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Early Myocardial Workload and Mortality Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · June 2018 OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of early myocardial workload on in-hospital mortality following isolated severe traumatic brain injury. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Data from the National Trauma Databank, a multicenter trauma registry ope ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical Epidemiology of Adults With Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · May 2018 OBJECTIVES: To characterize admission patterns, treatments, and outcomes among patients with moderate traumatic brain injury. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: National Trauma Data Bank. PATIENTS: Adults (age > 18 yr) with moderate traumatic bra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterizing the relationship between systemic inflammatory response syndrome and early cardiac dysfunction in traumatic brain injury.

Journal Article J Neurosci Res · April 2018 Systolic dysfunction was recently described following traumatic brain injury (TBI), and systemic inflammation may be a contributing mechanism. Our aims were to 1) examine the association between the early systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and ... Full text Link to item Cite

The authors reply.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · February 2018 Full text Link to item Cite

Differences in blood pressure by measurement technique in neurocritically ill patients: A technological assessment.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · January 2018 Blood pressure data may vary by measurement technique. We performed a technological assessment of differences in blood pressure measurement between non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) and invasive arterial blood pressure (ABP) in neurocritically ill patient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Critical Care Resource Utilization and Outcomes of Children With Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · December 2017 OBJECTIVES: To characterize admission patterns, critical care resource utilization, and outcomes in moderate pediatric traumatic brain injury. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: National Trauma Data Bank. PATIENTS: Children under 18 years old wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

The authors reply.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · November 2017 Full text Link to item Cite

Hypertension After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Friend or Foe?

Journal Article J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · October 2017 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem, with severe TBI contributing to a large number of deaths and disability worldwide. Early hypotension has been linked with poor outcomes following severe TBI, and guidelines suggest early and ag ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early Systolic Dysfunction Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cohort Study.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · June 2017 OBJECTIVE: Prior studies have suggested that traumatic brain injury may affect cardiac function. Our study aims were to determine the frequency, longitudinal course, and admission risk factors for systolic dysfunction in patients with moderate-severe traum ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Early Hemodynamic Profile and the Development of Systolic Dysfunction Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · June 2017 BACKGROUND: While systolic dysfunction has been observed following traumatic brain injury (TBI), the relationship between early hemodynamics and the development of systolic dysfunction has not been investigated. Our study aimed to determine the early hemod ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transesophageal Echocardiography

Chapter · March 28, 2017 Advances in monitoring and specifically in echocardiography have enabled anesthesiologists to use a gold standard technology across various clinical scenarios encountered in neurosurgical anesthesia. Transesophageal echocardiography in the hands of anesthe ... Full text Cite

Radiographic and Clinical Predictors of Cardiac Dysfunction Following Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article J Intensive Care Med · February 2017 INTRODUCTION: Although cardiac dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been described, there is little data regarding the association of radiographic severity and particular lesions of TBI with the development of cardiac dysfunction. We hypothes ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hospital trauma level's association with outcomes for injured pregnant women and their neonates in Washington state, 1995-2012.

Journal Article Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci · 2017 BACKGROUND: Trauma occurs in 8% of all pregnancies. To date, no studies have evaluated the effect of the hospital's trauma designation level as it relates to birth outcomes for injured pregnant women. METHODS: This population-based, retrospective cohort st ... Full text Link to item Cite

S-100β and Antioxidant Capacity in Cerebrospinal Fluid during and after Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair.

Journal Article Int Sch Res Notices · 2017 BACKGROUND: Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) has substantially decreased the mortality and major complications from aortic surgery. However, neurological complications such as spinal cord ischemia may still occur after TEVAR. S-100β is a biomark ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Cardiac Dysfunction After Neurologic Injury: What Do We Know and Where Are We Going?

Journal Article Chest · May 2016 Recent literature has implicated severe neurologic injuries, such as aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, as a cause of cardiac dysfunction, impaired hemodynamic function, and poor outcomes. Mechanistic links between the brain and the heart have been explor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association Between Hospital Trauma Designation and Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes after Injury among Pregnant Women in Washington State.

Journal Article J Am Coll Surg · March 2016 BACKGROUND: Approximately 8% of all pregnant women experience a traumatic injury during pregnancy. There has been no evaluation of a state trauma system's effect on birth outcomes. This study examined the association of treatment in a designated trauma hos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gunshot-Induced Aorto-Left Atrial Fistula Diagnosed by Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography.

Journal Article Ann Thorac Surg · February 2016 Aorto-left atrial fistula (AAF) is rarely encountered in clinical practice, and the early diagnosis can be very challenging. This report describes a unique case of AAF caused by a gunshot injury and the pivotal role of transesophageal echocardiography for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prolonged Cardiac Dysfunction After Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage and Neurogenic Stunned Myocardium.

Journal Article A A Case Rep · January 1, 2016 Cardiac dysfunction occurring secondary to neurologic disease, termed neurogenic stunned myocardium, is an incompletely understood phenomenon that has been described after several distinct neurologic processes. We present a case of neurogenic stunned myoca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temporal Changes in Left Ventricular Systolic Function and Use of Echocardiography in Adult Heart Donors.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · August 2015 BACKGROUND: One reason for refusal of donor hearts is the development of left ventricular systolic dysfunction, a condition reported to occur in up to 42 % of adults with brain death. Prior studies have suggested that appropriate donor management and evalu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cardiac dysfunction following brain death in children: prevalence, normalization, and transplantation.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · May 2015 OBJECTIVES: Cardiac dysfunction has been reported to occur in as much as 42% of adults with brain death, and may limit cardiac donation after brain death. Knowledge of the prevalence and natural course of cardiac dysfunction after brain death may help to i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Demographic and clinical risk factors associated with hospital mortality after isolated severe traumatic brain injury: a cohort study.

Journal Article J Intensive Care · 2015 BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem and a leading cause of death worldwide. A paucity of literature exists on risk factors for mortality in isolated severe TBI, a condition that is distinct from severe TBI in the setti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cardiac dysfunction following brain death after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury: A preliminary study of 32 children.

Journal Article Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci · 2015 BACKGROUND: Cardiac dysfunction after brain death has been described in a variety of brain injury paradigms but is not well understood after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cardiac dysfunction may have implications for organ donation in this ... Full text Link to item Cite

Traumatic Brain Injury in the Elderly: Burden, Risk Factors, and Prevention.

Journal Article J Trauma Nurs · 2015 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem, affecting millions of people each year worldwide. Elderly patients are at particularly high risk after sustaining a TBI due to higher degrees of mortality and functional disability compared wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiographic Findings After Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury And The Association With Cardiac Dysfunction

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2015 Link to item Cite

Association between electrocardiographic findings and cardiac dysfunction in adult isolated traumatic brain injury.

Journal Article Indian J Crit Care Med · September 2014 INTRODUCTION: Abnormal electrocardiographic (ECG) findings can be seen in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. ECG may be an inexpensive tool to identify patients at high risk for developing cardiac dysfunction after TBI. The aim of this study was to exa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bench-to-bedside: The use of local anesthetics to attenuate inflammation in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Journal Article Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci · April 2014 The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a world-wide treatment challenge, with high morbidity and mortality. The central pathophysiology of ARDS centers around inflammation in the lung and increased microvascular permeability. Local anesthet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Airway management in cervical spine injury.

Journal Article Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci · January 2014 To minimize risk of spinal cord injury, airway management providers must understand the anatomic and functional relationship between the airway, cervical column, and spinal cord. Patients with known or suspected cervical spine injury may require emergent i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preliminary report on cardiac dysfunction after isolated traumatic brain injury.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · January 2014 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine cardiac dysfunction during the first 2 weeks after isolated traumatic brain injury and its association with in-hospital mortality. DESIGN: Retrospective. SETTING: Level 1 regional trauma center. PATIENTS: Adu ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Conference Critical Care Medicine · December 2013 Full text Cite

Perioperative estimation of the intracranial pressure using the optic nerve sheath diameter during liver transplantation.

Journal Article Liver Transpl · March 2013 An elevation of the intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to cerebral edema is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in acute liver failure. In addition, invasive ICP monitoring in this setting is controversial because coagulopathy predisposes pat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Myocardial dysfunction in acute traumatic brain injury relieved by surgical decompression.

Journal Article Case Rep Anesthesiol · 2013 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health issue and is a leading cause of death in North America. After a primary TBI, secondary brain insults can predispose patients to a worse outcome. One of the earliest secondary insults encountered during ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Epinephrine induces rapid deterioration in pulmonary oxygen exchange in intact, anesthetized rats: a flow and pulmonary capillary pressure-dependent phenomenon.

Journal Article Anesthesiology · October 2012 BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate epinephrine adversely affects arterial oxygenation when administered in a rat model of local anesthetic overdose. The authors tested whether epinephrine alone exerts similar effects in the intact animal. METHODS: Anest ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatric burn injuries.

Journal Article Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci · September 2012 Pediatric burns comprise a major mechanism of injury, affecting millions of children worldwide, with causes including scald injury, fire injury, and child abuse. Burn injuries tend to be classified based on the total body surface area involved and the dept ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term analgesic use: sometimes less is not more.

Journal Article Arch Intern Med · August 13, 2012 Full text Link to item Cite

Regional anesthesia for chronic pain

Chapter · January 1, 2012 Sympathetic blockade has become a mainstay of therapy in the treatment of a variety of cancer-related and chronic pain conditions. The advent of ultrasound-, fl uoroscopy-, endoscopy-, and CT-guided techniques have brought this important area of pain contr ... Full text Cite

Transesophageal echocardiography-guided aortic thrombectomy in a patient with a mobile thoracic aortic thrombus.

Journal Article Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth · December 2011 Thoracic aortic thrombi are a well-known cause of distal embolic phenomena. There is a paucity of case reports because of the rarity of this condition, and thus clear management guidelines are lacking. The authors present a case of a mobile thoracic aortic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prolonged Transesophageal Echocardiography Use in the ICU: Maximizing Benefit, Minimizing Risk

Journal Article ICU Director · May 1, 2011 Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has gained increasing popularity in the operating room and intensive care settings. The use of TEE can often times diagnose pathology that is missed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE); in addition, it can be used ... Full text Cite

Maternal outcomes by mode of delivery among pregnant patients with eclampsia: a retrospective cohort study.

Conference Maternal outcomes by mode of delivery among pregnant patients with eclampsia: a retrospective cohort study. ... Cite