Metabolic and Neurocognitive Changes Following Lifestyle Modification: Examination of Biomarkers from the ENLIGHTEN Randomized Clinical Trial.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that aerobic exercise (AE) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet can improve neurocognition. However, the mechanisms by which lifestyle improves neurocognition have not been widely studied. We examined the associations between changes in metabolic, neurotrophic, and inflammatory biomarkers with executive functioning among participants from the Exercise and Nutritional Interventions for Neurocognitive Health Enhancement (ENLIGHTEN) trial. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between changes in metabolic function and neurocognition among older adults with cognitive impairment, but without dementia (CIND) participating in a comprehensive lifestyle intervention. METHODS: ENLIGHTEN participants were randomized using a 2×2 factorial design to receive AE, DASH, both AE+DASH, or a health education control condition (HE) for six months. Metabolic biomarkers included insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment [HOMA-IR]), leptin, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1); neurotrophic biomarkers included brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); and inflammatory biomarkers included interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP). RESULTS: Participants included 132 sedentary older adults (mean age = 65 [SD = 7]) with CIND. Results demonstrated that both AE (d = 0.48, p = 0.015) and DASH improved metabolic function (d = 0.37, p = 0.039), without comparable improvements in neurotrophic or inflammatory biomarkers. Greater improvements in metabolic function, including reduced HOMA-IR (B = -2.3 [-4.3, -0.2], p = 0.033) and increased IGF-1 (B = 3.4 [1.2, 5.7], p = 0.004), associated with increases in Executive Function. CONCLUSION: Changes in neurocognition after lifestyle modification are associated with improved metabolic function.
Full Text
Duke Authors
- Babyak, Michael Alan
- Blumenthal, James Alan
- Browndyke, Jeffrey Nicholas
- Burke, James Robert
- Doraiswamy, P. Murali
- Kraus, William Erle
- Lin, Pao-Hwa
- Sherwood, Andrew
- Welsh-Bohmer, Kathleen Anne
Cited Authors
- Smith, PJ; Mabe, SM; Sherwood, A; Doraiswamy, PM; Welsh-Bohmer, KA; Burke, JR; Kraus, WE; Lin, P-H; Browndyke, JN; Babyak, MA; Hinderliter, AL; Blumenthal, JA
Published Date
- 2020
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 77 / 4
Start / End Page
- 1793 - 1803
PubMed ID
- 32925039
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1875-8908
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.3233/JAD-200374
Language
- eng
Conference Location
- Netherlands