Scholars@Duke
Dennis Alan Turner

Dennis Alan Turner

Professor of Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery
dennis.turner@duke.edu
Box 3807 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
4510 Stead Bldg, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

A realist evaluation of prospective entrustment decisions in paediatric residency clinical competency committees.

Journal Article Med Educ · March 2025 PURPOSE: Making entrustment decisions (granting more responsibility, advancement and graduation) are important actions in medical training that pose risks to trainees and patients if not done well. A previous realist synthesis of the existing literature re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is "No News is Good News" Enough? A Thematic Analysis Exploring Clinical Reasoning Assessment in Pediatric Residency Programs.

Journal Article Acad Pediatr · March 2025 OBJECTIVE: Clinical reasoning (CR) includes numerous essential skills for clinicians, but how these skills are assessed in pediatric residency training is not well described. This study aimed to explore pediatric residency program leader perspectives on CR ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proceedings of the 12th annual deep brain stimulation think tank: cutting edge technology meets novel applications.

Journal Article Front Hum Neurosci · 2025 The Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Think Tank XII was held on August 21st to 23rd. This year we showcased groundbreaking advancements in neuromodulation technology, focusing heavily on the novel uses of existing technology as well as next-generation technolo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Competency based medical education - Where do I start?

Journal Article Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care · October 2024 Full text Link to item Cite

Competency based medical education and trust in the learning environment.

Journal Article Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care · September 2024 Full text Link to item Cite

Scalp surface estimation and head registration using sparse sampling and 3D statistical models.

Journal Article Comput Biol Med · August 2024 Registering the head and estimating the scalp surface are important for various biomedical procedures, including those using neuronavigation to localize brain stimulation or recording. However, neuronavigation systems rely on manually-identified fiducial h ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Influence of the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuit and Components on Anticoagulation Management: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · July 1, 2024 OBJECTIVES: To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding the influence of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit components on anticoagulation practices for pediatric ECMO for the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation Coll ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-density cortical µECoG arrays concurrently track spreading depolarizations and long-term evolution of stroke in awake rats.

Journal Article Commun Biol · March 4, 2024 Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are widely recognized as a major contributor to the progression of tissue damage from ischemic stroke even if blood flow can be restored. They are characterized by negative intracortical waveforms of up to -20 mV, propagatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

At home adaptive dual target deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease with proportional control.

Journal Article Brain · March 1, 2024 Continuous deep brain stimulation (cDBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus is an effective treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The relative benefit of one region over the other is of great interest but cannot usually ... Full text Link to item Cite

Foreword: Preparing future pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists: Competency-based medical education – Part 2

Journal Article Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care · January 1, 2024 Full text Cite

Entrustable professional activities and transitions across the continuum of training and practice

Chapter · January 1, 2024 Transitions of trainees in the health professions to new contexts, to new training stages, and to unsupervised health care practice are critical learning periods where entrustable professional activities (EPAs) can play a pivotal role. For entrustment deci ... Full text Cite

Epinephrine-induced Effects on Cerebral Microcirculation and Oxygenation Dynamics Using Multimodal Monitoring and Functional Photoacoustic Microscopy.

Journal Article Anesthesiology · August 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: The administration of epinephrine after severe refractory hypotension, shock, or cardiac arrest restores systemic blood flow and major vessel perfusion but may worsen cerebral microvascular perfusion and oxygen delivery through vasoconstriction ... Full text Link to item Cite

Placement of Extracranial Stimulating Electrodes and Measurement of Cerebral Blood Flow and Intracranial Electrical Fields in Anesthetized Mice.

Journal Article J Vis Exp · June 2, 2023 The detection of cerebral blood flow (CBF) responses to various forms of neuronal activation is critical for understanding dynamic brain function and variations in the substrate supply to the brain. This paper describes a protocol for measuring CBF respons ... Full text Link to item Cite

Offline Learning of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation Controllers for Parkinson Disease Treatment.

Journal Article ArXiv · March 16, 2023 Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown great promise toward treating motor symptoms caused by Parkinson's disease (PD), by delivering electrical pulses to the Basal Ganglia (BG) region of the brain. However, DBS devices approved by the U.S. Food and Drug A ... Link to item Cite

Sustained overexpression of spliced X-box-binding protein-1 in neurons leads to spontaneous seizures and sudden death in mice.

Journal Article Commun Biol · March 9, 2023 The underlying etiologies of seizures are highly heterogeneous and remain incompletely understood. While studying the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways in the brain, we unexpectedly discovered that transgenic mice (XBP1s-TG) expressing spliced X-box ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temporally non-regular patterns of deep brain stimulation (DBS) enhance assessment of evoked potentials while maintaining motor symptom management in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Journal Article Brain Stimul · 2023 BACKGROUND: Traditional deep brain stimulation (DBS) at fixed regular frequencies (>100 Hz) is effective in treating motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Temporally non-regular patterns of DBS are a new parameter space that may help increase efficac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Initial Clinical Outcome With Bilateral, Dual-Target Deep Brain Stimulation Trial in Parkinson Disease Using Summit RC + S.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · July 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy in advanced Parkinson disease (PD). Although both subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus (GP) DBS show equivalent efficacy in PD, combined stimulation may demonstrate synergism. OBJECT ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A comparison of an implanted accelerometer with a wearable accelerometer for closed-loop DBS.

Journal Article Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · July 2022 Sensing technology, as well as cloud communication, is enabling the development of closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease. The accelerometer is a practical sensor that can provide information about the disease/health state of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative efficacy of surgical approaches to disease modification in Parkinson disease.

Journal Article NPJ Parkinsons Dis · March 25, 2022 Parkinson's disease (PD) may optimally be treated with a disease-modifying therapy to slow progression. We compare data underlying surgical approaches proposed to impart disease modification in PD: (1) cell transplantation therapy with stem cell-derived do ... Full text Link to item Cite

Offline Policy Evaluation for Learning-based Deep Brain Stimulation Controllers

Conference Proceedings - 13th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems, ICCPS 2022 · January 1, 2022 Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective procedure to treat motor symptoms caused by nervous system disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Although existing implantable DBS devices can suppress PD symptoms by delivering fixed periodic stimuli to t ... Full text Cite

Evoked potentials generated by deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease.

Journal Article Brain Stimul · 2022 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The goal of this review is to describe the general features, mechanisms, technical recording factors, and clinical applications of brain evoked potentials (EPs) generated by deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (P ... Full text Link to item Cite

Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease: Invasive and Noninvasive Neuromodulation.

Journal Article Neuromodulation · July 2021 INTRODUCTION: Freezing of gait (FoG) is one of the most disabling yet poorly understood symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). FoG is an episodic gait pattern characterized by the inability to step that occurs on initiation or turning while walking, particu ... Full text Link to item Cite

CVN-AD Alzheimer's mice show premature reduction in neurovascular coupling in response to spreading depression and anoxia compared to aged controls.

Journal Article Alzheimers Dement · July 2021 We compared the efficacy of neurovascular coupling and substrate supply in cerebral cortex during severe metabolic challenges in transgenic Alzheimer's [CVN-AD] and control [C57Bl/6] mice, to evaluate the hypothesis that metabolic insufficiency is a critic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Contrasting Metabolic Insufficiency in Aging and Dementia.

Journal Article Aging Dis · July 2021 Metabolic insufficiency and neuronal dysfunction occur in normal aging but is exaggerated in dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Metabolic insufficiency includes factors important for both substrate supply and utilization in the brain. Metabolic insuffi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Argon Inhalation for 24 h After Closed-Head Injury Does not Improve Recovery, Neuroinflammation, or Neurologic Outcome in Mice.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · June 2021 BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: In recent years, the noble gas argon (Ar) has been extensively studied for its organ protection properties. While mounting in vitro and in vivo evidence indicates that argon provides neuroprotection in ischemic brain injury, its neuro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Deep brain stimulation and electromagnetic interference.

Journal Article Clin Neurol Neurosurg · April 2021 Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has evolved into an approved and efficacious treatment for movement, obsessive-compulsive, and epilepsy disorders that are refractory to medical therapy, with current investigation into other disease conditions. However, there ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of diaphragmatic dystonia with pallidal deep brain stimulation.

Journal Article BMJ Case Rep · March 25, 2021 We present the case of a 70-year-old woman with treatment-refractory diaphragmatic dystonia. Patient initially presented with blepharospasms followed by development of involuntary inspiratory spasms during speech. Her symptoms were drug-refractory, and she ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid, Dose-Dependent Enhancement of Cerebral Blood Flow by transcranial AC Stimulation in Mouse.

Journal Article Brain Stimul · 2021 BACKGROUND: Transcranial electrical stimulation at an appropriate dose may demonstrate intracranial effects, including neuronal stimulation and cerebral blood flow responses. OBJECTIVE: We performed in vivo experiments on mouse cortex using transcranial al ... Full text Link to item Cite

Linking proteostasis, aging, and brain ischemia

Chapter · January 1, 2021 Cardiac arrest and ischemic stroke can lead to severe brain dysfunction, due to metabolic stress and loss of protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Further, both metabolic resilience and proteostasis deteriorate with aging, which renders cells inefficient in ... Full text Cite

Small ubiquitin-like modifier 2 (SUMO2) is critical for memory processes in mice.

Journal Article FASEB J · November 2020 Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO1-3) conjugation (SUMOylation), a posttranslational modification, modulates almost all major cellular processes. Mounting evidence indicates that SUMOylation plays a crucial role in maintaining and regulating neural funct ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Chemogenetics-mediated acute inhibition of excitatory neuronal activity improves stroke outcome.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · April 2020 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Ischemic stroke significantly perturbs neuronal homeostasis leading to a cascade of pathologic events causing brain damage. In this study, we assessed acute stroke outcome after chemogenetic inhibition of forebrain excitatory neuron ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Effects of ramped-frequency thalamic deep brain stimulation on tremor and activity of modeled neurons.

Journal Article Clin Neurophysiol · March 2020 OBJECTIVE: We conducted intraoperative measurements of tremor to quantify the effects of temporally patterned ramped-frequency DBS trains on tremor. METHODS: Seven patterns of stimulation were tested in nine subjects with thalamic DBS for essential tremor: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Continuous deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus may not modulate beta bursts in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Journal Article Brain Stimul · 2020 BACKGROUND: Neural oscillations represent synchronous neuronal activation and are ubiquitous throughout the brain. Oscillatory activity often includes brief high-amplitude bursts in addition to background oscillations, and burst activity may predict perfor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evoked potentials reveal neural circuits engaged by human deep brain stimulation.

Journal Article Brain Stimul · 2020 BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy for reducing the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, but the mechanisms of action of DBS and neural correlates of symptoms remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: To use the neural response to DBS to r ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Emerging Role of Biomarkers in Adaptive Modulation of Clinical Brain Stimulation.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · September 1, 2019 Therapeutic brain stimulation has proven efficacious for treatment of nervous system diseases, exerting widespread influence via disease-specific neural networks. Activation or suppression of neural networks could theoretically be assessed by either clinic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Argon Inhalation for 24 Hours After Onset of Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats Provides Neuroprotection and Improves Neurologic Outcome.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · August 2019 OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that prolonged inhalation of 70% argon for 24 hours after in vivo permanent or temporary stroke provides neuroprotection and improves neurologic outcome and overall recovery after 7 days. DESIGN: Controlled, randomized, ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Toward Functional Restoration of the Central Nervous System: A Review of Translational Neuroscience Principles.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · January 1, 2019 Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) can leave patients with devastating neurological deficits that may permanently impair independence and diminish quality of life. Recent insights into how the CNS responds to injury and reacts to critically timed i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sensory percepts induced by microwire array and DBS microstimulation in human sensory thalamus.

Journal Article Brain Stimul · 2018 BACKGROUND: Microstimulation in human sensory thalamus (ventrocaudal, VC) results in focal sensory percepts in the hand and arm which may provide an alternative target site (to somatosensory cortex) for the input of prosthetic sensory information. Sensory ... Full text Link to item Cite

A novel paraplegia model in awake behaving macaques.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · September 1, 2017 Lower limb paralysis from spinal cord injury (SCI) or neurological disease carries a poor prognosis for recovery and remains a large societal burden. Neurophysiological and neuroprosthetic research have the potential to improve quality of life for these pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimized temporal pattern of brain stimulation designed by computational evolution.

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · January 4, 2017 Brain stimulation is a promising therapy for several neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Stimulation parameters are selected empirically and are limited to the frequency and intensity of stimulation. We varied the temporal pattern of dee ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biomarkers and Stimulation Algorithms for Adaptive Brain Stimulation.

Journal Article Front Neurosci · 2017 The goal of this review is to describe in what ways feedback or adaptive stimulation may be delivered and adjusted based on relevant biomarkers. Specific treatment mechanisms underlying therapeutic brain stimulation remain unclear, in spite of the demonstr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Local Fields in Human Subthalamic Nucleus Track the Lead-up to Impulsive Choices.

Journal Article Front Neurosci · 2017 The ability to adaptively minimize not only motor but cognitive symptoms of neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), is a primary goal of next-generation deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices. On the b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Simulation in Neurosurgery-A Brief Review and Commentary.

Journal Article World Neurosurg · May 2016 Neurosurgery is one of the most technically demanding and liable of all medical professionals. More than 75% of neurosurgical errors are deemed as preventable and technical in nature. Yet in a specialty that requires such high level of technical expertise, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dysregulation of oxygen hemodynamic responses to synaptic train stimulation in a rat hippocampal model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Journal Article J Cereb Blood Flow Metab · April 2016 We investigated microvascular reactivity to synaptic train stimulation after induction of subarachnoid hemorrhage in adult rats, analyzing tissue oxygen levels [pO2] in intact hippocampus. In control rats, hippocampal pO2averaged 11.4 mm Hg whereas hemodyn ... Full text Link to item Cite

Short pauses in thalamic deep brain stimulation promote tremor and neuronal bursting.

Journal Article Clin Neurophysiol · February 2016 OBJECTIVE: We conducted intraoperative measurements of tremor during DBS containing short pauses (⩽50 ms) to determine if there is a minimum pause duration that preserves tremor suppression. METHODS: Nine subjects with ET and thalamic DBS participated duri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of Bilateral vs. Staged Unilateral Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's Disease in Patients Under 70 Years of Age.

Journal Article Neuromodulation · January 2016 OBJECTIVE: The most popular surgical method for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) is simultaneous bilateral DBS. However, some centers conduct a staged unilateral approach advocating that reduced continuous intraoperative time reduce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhancing Nervous System Recovery through Neurobiologics, Neural Interface Training, and Neurorehabilitation.

Journal Article Front Neurosci · 2016 After an initial period of recovery, human neurological injury has long been thought to be static. In order to improve quality of life for those suffering from stroke, spinal cord injury, or traumatic brain injury, researchers have been working to restore ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene delivery of neurturin to putamen and substantia nigra in Parkinson disease: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Journal Article Ann Neurol · August 2015 OBJECTIVE: A 12-month double-blind sham-surgery-controlled trial assessing adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2)-neurturin injected into the putamen bilaterally failed to meet its primary endpoint, but showed positive results for the primary endpoint in the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of advancing age on post-operative complications of deep brain stimulation surgery for essential tremor.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · May 2015 Essential tremor (ET) was the original indication for deep brain stimulation (DBS), with USA Food and Drug Administration approval since 1997. Despite the efficacy of DBS, it is associated with surgical complications that cause sub-optimal clinical outcome ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metabolic responses differentiate between interictal, ictal and persistent epileptiform activity in intact, immature hippocampus in vitro.

Journal Article Neurobiol Dis · March 2015 Interictal spikes, ictal responses, and status epilepticus are characteristic of abnormal neuronal activity in epilepsy. Since these events may involve different energy requirements, we evaluated metabolic function (assessed by simultaneous NADH and FAD+ i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age-related metabolic fatigue during low glucose conditions in rat hippocampus.

Journal Article Neurobiol Aging · February 2015 Previous reports have indicated that with aging, intrinsic brain tissue changes in cellular bioenergetics may hamper the brain's ability to cope with metabolic stress. Therefore, we analyzed the effects of age on neuronal sensitivity to glucose deprivation ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measurement of evoked potentials during thalamic deep brain stimulation.

Journal Article Brain Stimul · 2015 BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) treats the symptoms of several movement disorders, but optimal selection of stimulation parameters remains a challenge. The evoked compound action potential (ECAP) reflects synchronized neural activation near the DB ... Full text Link to item Cite

In reply

Journal Article JAMA Neurology · January 1, 2015 Cite

Effect of advancing age on outcomes of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease.

Journal Article JAMA Neurol · October 2014 IMPORTANCE: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established modality for the treatment of advanced Parkinson disease (PD). Recent studies have found DBS plus best medical therapy to be superior to best medical therapy alone for patients with PD and earl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Investigation of deep brain stimulation mechanisms during implantable pulse generator replacement surgery.

Journal Article Neuromodulation · July 2014 BACKGROUND: Direct testing of deep brain stimulation (DBS) mechanisms in humans is needed to assess therapy and to understand stimulation effects. OBJECTIVE: We developed an innovative paradigm for investigation of DBS on human movement disorders. Temporar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nicotinamide pre-treatment ameliorates NAD(H) hyperoxidation and improves neuronal function after severe hypoxia.

Journal Article Neurobiol Dis · February 2014 Prolonged hypoxia leads to irreversible loss of neuronal function and metabolic impairment of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide recycling (between NAD(+) and NADH) immediately after reoxygenation, resulting in NADH hyperoxidation. We test whether the addit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Re-engineering the subthalamus.

Journal Article World Neurosurg · November 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

Safety/feasibility of targeting the substantia nigra with AAV2-neurturin in Parkinson patients.

Journal Article Neurology · April 30, 2013 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: In an effort to account for deficiencies in axonal transport that limit the effectiveness of neurotrophic factors, this study tested the safety and feasibility, in moderately advanced Parkinson disease (PD), of bilaterally administering the gene ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improved efficacy of temporally non-regular deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · January 2013 Featured Publication High frequency deep brain stimulation is an effective therapy for motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. However, the relative clinical efficacy of regular versus non-regular temporal patterns of stimulation in Parkinson's disease remains unclear. To deter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploiting metabolic differences in glioma therapy.

Journal Article Curr Drug Discov Technol · December 2012 Featured Publication Brain function depends upon complex metabolic interactions amongst only a few different cell types, with astrocytes providing critical support for neurons. Astrocyte functions include buffering the extracellular space, providing substrates to neurons, inte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Subcortical neuronal ensembles: an analysis of motor task association, tremor, oscillations, and synchrony in human patients.

Journal Article J Neurosci · June 20, 2012 Featured Publication Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has expanded as an effective treatment for motor disorders, providing a valuable opportunity for intraoperative recording of the spiking activity of subcortical neurons. The properties of these neurons and their potential utili ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hub GABA neurons mediate gamma-frequency oscillations at ictal-like event onset in the immature hippocampus.

Journal Article Neuron · April 12, 2012 Gamma-frequency oscillations (GFOs, >40 Hz) are a general network signature at seizure onset at all stages of development, with possible deleterious consequences in the immature brain. At early developmental stages, the simultaneous occurrence of GFOs in d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stimulus features underlying reduced tremor suppression with temporally patterned deep brain stimulation.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · January 2012 Featured Publication Deep brain stimulation (DBS) provides dramatic tremor relief when delivered at high-stimulation frequencies (more than ∼100 Hz), but its mechanisms of action are not well-understood. Previous studies indicate that high-frequency stimulation is less effecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cellular Links between Neuronal Activity and Energy Homeostasis.

Journal Article Front Pharmacol · 2012 Featured Publication Neuronal activity, astrocytic responses to this activity, and energy homeostasis are linked together during baseline, conscious conditions, and short-term rapid activation (as occurs with sensory or motor function). Nervous system energy homeostasis also v ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pyruvate incubation enhances glycogen stores and sustains neuronal function during subsequent glucose deprivation.

Journal Article Neurobiol Dis · January 2012 Featured Publication The use of energy substrates, such as lactate and pyruvate, has been shown to improve synaptic function when administered during glucose deprivation. In the present study, we investigated whether prolonged incubation with monocarboxylate (pyruvate or lacta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age-Induced Alterations in Hippocampal Function and Metabolism.

Journal Article Aging Dis · June 2011 Featured Publication As the nervous system ages, a variety of changes occur in metabolism supporting glial and neuronal function, resulting in greater susceptibility to disease conditions. Changes with aging in the metabolic unit (i.e., neurons, glial cells and blood vessels) ... Link to item Cite

Life-saving hemicraniectomy for fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

Journal Article Br J Neurosurg · April 2011 Fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare demyelinating disorder, which most often occurs after an infection or vaccination. It frequently presents with focal neurologic signs and an altered sensorium. Patients often require critical ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuronal-astrocyte metabolic interactions: understanding the transition into abnormal astrocytoma metabolism.

Journal Article J Neuropathol Exp Neurol · March 2011 Brain function depends on complex metabolic interactions among only a few different cell types, with astrocytes providing critical support for neurons. Astrocyte functions include buffering the extracellular space, providing substrates to neurons, intercha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Simultaneous monitoring of tissue PO2 and NADH fluorescence during synaptic stimulation and spreading depression reveals a transient dissociation between oxygen utilization and mitochondrial redox state in rat hippocampal slices.

Journal Article J Cereb Blood Flow Metab · February 2011 Featured Publication Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) imaging can be used to monitor neuronal activation and ascertain mitochondrial dysfunction, for example during hypoxia. During neuronal stimulation in vitro, NADH normally becomes more oxidized, indicating enhanced ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of the time course of the effect of subthalamic nucleus stimulation upon hand function in Parkinson's patients.

Journal Article Stereotact Funct Neurosurg · 2011 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) as treatment for Parkinson's disease has been in use for more than a decade, yet the immediate effect of stimulation upon movement parameters is not well characterized. OBJECTIVE: Th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene delivery of AAV2-neurturin for Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial.

Journal Article Lancet Neurol · December 2010 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: In an open-label phase 1 trial, gene delivery of the trophic factor neurturin via an adeno-associated type-2 vector (AAV2) was well tolerated and seemed to improve motor function in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. We aimed to assess ... Full text Link to item Cite

Deep brain stimulation alleviates parkinsonian bradykinesia by regularizing pallidal activity.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · August 2010 Featured Publication Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the basal ganglia can alleviate the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease although the therapeutic mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesize that DBS relieves symptoms by minimizing pathologically disordered neuronal activity i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intracranial pressure waveform analysis during rest and suctioning.

Journal Article Biol Res Nurs · October 2009 Cerebral compliance is a measure of cerebral adaptability to increases in volume within the intracranial space and an indicator of risk for neurological deterioration. However, no direct measurement of compliance exists in clinical practice to guide nursin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Myoclonus and tremor response to thalamic deep brain stimulation parameters in a patient with inherited myoclonus-dystonia syndrome.

Journal Article Clin Neurol Neurosurg · April 2009 We present a 74-year-old woman with inherited myoclonus-dystonia, with predominant myoclonus and a novel mutation in the epsilon-sarcoglycan gene. The patient reports a life-long history of rapid, jerking movements, most severe in the upper extremities as ... Full text Link to item Cite

A fully implantable 96-channel neural data acquisition system.

Journal Article J Neural Eng · April 2009 A fully implantable neural data acquisition system is a key component of a clinically viable brain-machine interface. This type of system must communicate with the outside world and obtain power without the use of wires that cross through the skin. We pres ... Full text Link to item Cite

Addressing the unit of analysis in medical care studies: a systematic review.

Journal Article Med Care · June 2008 OBJECTIVE: We assessed the frequency that patients are incorrectly used as the unit of analysis among studies of physicians' patient care behavior in articles published in high impact journals. METHODS: We surveyed 30 high-impact journals across 6 medical ... Full text Link to item Cite

NADH hyperoxidation correlates with enhanced susceptibility of aged rats to hypoxia.

Journal Article Neurobiol Aging · April 2008 Featured Publication Aging increases mitochondrial dysfunction and susceptibility to hypoxia. Previous reports have indicated an association between post-hypoxic hyperoxidation of intra-mitochondrial enzymes and delayed neuronal injury. Therefore we investigated the relationsh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tremor varies as a function of the temporal regularity of deep brain stimulation.

Journal Article Neuroreport · March 26, 2008 The frequency of stimulation is one of the primary factors determining the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in relieving tremor. DBS efficacy, however, may depend not only on the average frequency of stimulation, but also on the temporal patte ... Full text Link to item Cite

The development of brain-machine interface neuroprosthetic devices.

Journal Article Neurotherapeutics · January 2008 Featured Publication The development of brain-machine interface technology is a logical next step in the overall direction of neuroprosthetics. Many of the required technological advances that will be required for clinical translation of brain-machine interfaces are already un ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lactate uptake contributes to the NAD(P)H biphasic response and tissue oxygen response during synaptic stimulation in area CA1 of rat hippocampal slices.

Journal Article J Neurochem · December 2007 Featured Publication Synaptic train stimulation (10 Hz x 25 s) in hippocampal slices results in a biphasic response of NAD(P)H fluorescence indicating a transient oxidation followed by a prolonged reduction. The response is accompanied by a transient tissue PO(2) decrease indi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of relative hypoglycemia on LTP and NADH imaging in rat hippocampal slices.

Journal Article Brain Res · August 24, 2007 Cognitive and neuronal impairment in diabetes may be associated with iatrogenic hypoglycemia, particularly at low serum glucose levels (<3 mM). To evaluate cellular impairment, we assessed acute hippocampal slice functioning during decreased ambient glucos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differences in O2 availability resolve the apparent discrepancies in metabolic intrinsic optical signals in vivo and in vitro.

Journal Article Trends Neurosci · August 2007 Monitoring changes in the fluorescence of metabolic chromophores, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide, and the absorption of cytochromes, is useful to study neuronal activation and mitochondrial metabolism in the brain ... Full text Link to item Cite

Guest editorial: Special theme on deep brain stimulation

Journal Article IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · March 1, 2007 Full text Cite

Conceptual and technical approaches to human neural ensemble recordings

Chapter · January 1, 2007 The ability to perform either multineuron or local field/EEG recordings from the nervous system is a critical requirement to develop a new generation of neuroprosthetics that can sense the brain’s intent for action (Nicolelis 2001, 2003). This form of sens ... Cite

Changes in intracranial pressure associated with chest physiotherapy.

Journal Article Neurocrit Care · 2007 INTRODUCTION: Management of intracranial hypertension is pivotal in the care of brain-injured patients. SUMMARY OF CASE: We report the case of a patient with both a closed head injury and anoxic encephalopathy, who subsequently experienced episodes of refr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of the NHANES ADL scale in a sample of patients with report of cervical pain: factor analysis, item response theory analysis, and line item validity.

Journal Article Disabil Rehabil · August 15, 2006 BACKGROUND: Few functional outcomes scales have used Item Response Theory (IRT) for validation. IRT allows individual line item validations and offers substantial advantages over classic methods of scale validation or the simplest from of IRT known as Rasc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical and pharmacological tools to investigate the role of mitochondria during oxidative stress and neurodegeneration.

Journal Article Prog Neurobiol · June 2006 Mitochondria are critical for cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production; however, recent studies suggest that these organelles fulfill a much broader range of tasks. For example, they are involved in the regulation of cytosolic Ca(2+) levels, intrac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Randomized controlled trial of intraputamenal glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor infusion in Parkinson disease.

Journal Article Ann Neurol · March 2006 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) exerts potent trophic influence on midbrain dopaminergic neurons. This randomized controlled clinical trial was designed to confirm initial clinical benefits observed in a small, open-label tria ... Full text Link to item Cite

National trends in surgical procedures for degenerative cervical spine disease: 1990-2000.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · October 2005 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Degenerative cervical spine disease is one of the most common indications for spinal surgical intervention. The impact of the unprecedented changes in healthcare technology and delivery over the past decade is unknown. We examined this issue usi ... Link to item Cite

Physiological and statistical approaches to modeling of synaptic responses

Chapter · January 1, 2005 Transmission of signals across synapses is the central component of nervous system function (Bennett and Kearns, 2000; Manwani and Koch, 2000). Primarily, such synaptic transmission is mediated by chemical neurotransmitter substances that are released into ... Cite

Interaction between tissue oxygen tension and NADH imaging during synaptic stimulation and hypoxia in rat hippocampal slices.

Journal Article Neuroscience · 2005 Oxygen and NADH are essential components in the production of ATP in the CNS. This study examined the dynamic interaction between tissue oxygen tension (pO(2)) and NADH imaging changes within hippocampal tissue slices, during metabolic stresses including h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prospective analysis of incidence and risk factors of dysphagia in spine surgery patients: comparison of anterior cervical, posterior cervical, and lumbar procedures.

Journal Article Spine (Phila Pa 1976) · July 1, 2004 Featured Publication STUDY DESIGN: A 3-year prospective, cohort study. OBJECTIVES: To compare the incidence and risk factors of dysphagia after anterior cervical (AC), posterior cervical (PC), and posterior lumbar (PL) spine procedures. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Dysphagia is ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ensemble recordings of human subcortical neurons as a source of motor control signals for a brain-machine interface.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · July 2004 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Patients with severe neurological injury, such as quadriplegics, might benefit greatly from a brain-machine interface that uses neuronal activity from motor centers to control a neuroprosthetic device. Here, we report an implementation of this s ... Link to item Cite

Dietary prenatal choline supplementation alters postnatal hippocampal structure and function.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · April 2004 Choline, a compound present in many foods, has recently been classified as an essential nutrient for humans. Studies with animal models indicate that the availability of choline during the prenatal period influences neural and cognitive development. Specif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cellular brain ischemia and stroke: Neuroprotection, metabolism, and new strategies for brain recovery

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Each year 4.6 million people die from stroke worldwide and 75% of these cases occur in industrialized countries.1 In the U.S., stroke is the third leading cause of mortality, with 4.7 million survivors, 15 to 30% of whom are left with permanent disabilitie ... Cite

Neuroprosthetics and clinical realization of brain-machine interfaces

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Neuroprosthetics encompasses a wide variety of interfaces with the nervous system, usually considered in the context of clinical abnormalities or disease. The concept stems from clinical concerns about functional independence and integration of individuals ... Cite

Pre-ictal seizure detection and demand treatment strategies for epilepsy

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Mechanisms of epilepsy have been explored through a variety of animal models as well as detailed human studies, for more than 70 years.1-3 Through the animal models, a large number of contributing factors leading to epilepsy have been demonstrated, includi ... Cite

New directions and therapeutics in surgical spine treatment

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Spine therapeutics and surgery for spine diseases have undergone long development periods - spine surgeries, particularly laminectomies, have been performed for over a century. Hypotheses concerning spine diseases are now undergoing radical revamping based ... Cite

Clinical prospects for neural grafting therapy for cortical lesions

Chapter · January 1, 2004 The goal of this chapter is to assess how close the hypothesis of neural grafting to enhance nervous system function may be to clinical reality, and the problems yet to be resolved before it is applicable clinically.1-5 This chapter focuses on neural graft ... Cite

Neuroscience ICU therapeutics

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Neurotrauma, neurosurgical intervention, and cerebrovascular disease all involve combinations of immediate or primary injury and delayed or secondary injury (see Chapter 4 for information on cellular treatments of stroke and hypoxia/ischemia). The primary ... Cite

Surgical treatment of movement disorders: DBS, gene therapy, and beyond

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Disorders of movement represent the frontier of understanding of brain function in that the basic mechanisms underlying normal (and abnormal) movement can be ascribed to individual brain structures, but the detailed functions of these structures and their ... Cite

Clinical research in surgery

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Clinical trials are the key interfaces of basic science findings, product development, rationalization of existing therapies, and their translation into effective clinical therapy (see Chapter 1). Thus, all translational research depends upon clinical tria ... Cite

Neuroscience hypotheses and translation into neurosurgery practice

Chapter · January 1, 2004 The concept of “translational” research is based on the effective rendering of research ideas into actual clinical practice - in other words “translating” the research finding into clinical usefulness.1,2 This concept has many different definitions, depend ... Cite

Delayed cerebral vasospasm: Current hypotheses and future treatments

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCV) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who have ruptured intracranial aneurysms and are admitted to tertiary care centers.1,2 Thick focal collections of blood visualized on a CT scan are highly predicti ... Cite

Modern neurosurgery: Clinical translation of neuroscience advances

Book · January 1, 2004 Focusing on how increased understanding of brain function affects clinical neuroscience, this incisive text explores the interface between neuroscience and clinical neuroscience advances by examining the hypotheses that drive this evolution. The author rev ... Cite

Neurosurgery teaching techniques and neurosurgical simulation

Chapter · January 1, 2004 What is the process through which a medical student becomes a neurosurgeon? How do we teach the skills necessary for success? What role does a resident play in his or her own educational process? Before consideration of neurosurgical simulators, we should ... Cite

Clinical prospects for neural grafting therapy for hippocampal lesions and epilepsy.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · March 2003 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Hippocampal lesions and epilepsy may be potential clinical targets for neural grafting. We hypothesized that neural grafting could be a restorative therapy either acutely, adding unformed neural elements, or chronically, treating postlesioning e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Observer variability in assessing lumbar spinal stenosis severity on magnetic resonance imaging and its relation to cross-sectional spinal canal area.

Journal Article Spine (Phila Pa 1976) · May 15, 2002 Featured Publication STUDY DESIGN: Magnetic resonance image grading of lumbar spinal stenosis severity was analyzed retrospectively using a common clinical format. OBJECTIVE: To assess the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of magnetic resonance image used to grade pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Two different mechanisms underlie reversible, intrinsic optical signals in rat hippocampal slices.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · April 2002 Intrinsic optical signals (IOSs) induced by synaptic stimulation and moderate hypotonic swelling in brain tissue slices consist of reduced light scattering and are usually attributed to cell swelling. During spreading depression (SD), however, light-scatte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Management of acute cervical spinal cord injury.

Journal Article Neurologist · September 2001 BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury affects approximately 10,000 new persons each year in the United States. Motor vehicle crashes, violence, and falls are the most common causes. The purpose of this review is to provide a rational management strategy for treat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glutamic acid decarboxylase-67-positive hippocampal interneurons undergo a permanent reduction in number following kainic acid-induced degeneration of ca3 pyramidal neurons.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · June 2001 Kainic acid (KA)-induced degeneration of CA3 pyramidal neurons leads to synaptic reorganization and hyperexcitability in both dentate gyrus and CA1 region of the hippocampus. We hypothesize that the substrate for hippocampal inhibitory circuitry incurs sig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prolonged postlesion transplantation delay adversely influences survival of both homotopic and heterotopic fetal hippocampal cell grafts in Kainate-lesioned CA3 region of adult hippocampus.

Journal Article Cell Transplant · 2001 Fetal hippocampal CA3 cell grafts exhibit dramatically enhanced survival when transplanted at an early postlesion delay of 4 days into the lesioned CA3 region of adult hippocampus. However, survival of these homotopic grafts following placement at late pos ... Link to item Cite

Multiple intracranial epidural hematomas after lumbar puncture: Case report and review of the literature

Journal Article Neurologist · January 1, 2001 BACKGROUND- Epidural hemorrhage can be associated with a rapid and fatal deterioration if not promptly treated. Epidural hematoma is usually associated with trauma; however, it has rarely been associated with several atraumatic conditions, including hemoph ... Full text Cite

Fetal hippocampal grafts containing CA3 cells restore host hippocampal glutamate decarboxylase-positive interneuron numbers in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy.

Journal Article J Neurosci · December 1, 2000 Degeneration of CA3-pyramidal neurons in hippocampus after intracerebroventricular kainic acid (KA) administration, a model of temporal lobe epilepsy, results in hyperexcitability within both dentate gyrus and the CA1 subfield. It also leads to persistent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mitochondrial and intrinsic optical signals imaged during hypoxia and spreading depression in rat hippocampal slices.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · July 2000 During hypoxia in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus, spreading-depression-like depolarization (hypoxic spreading depression or HSD) is accompanied by both a negative shift of the extracellular DC potential (DeltaV(o)), and a sharp decrease in light tra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Survival of grafted fetal neural cells in kainic acid lesioned CA3 region of adult hippocampus depends upon cell specificity.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · February 2000 We hypothesize that the degree of graft cell survival within the damaged CNS correlates with the specificity of donor cells to the region of grafting. We investigated graft cell survival following transplantation of fetal micrografts into the CA3 region of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychophysical correlates of contralateral efferent suppression. I. The role of the medial olivocochlear system in "central masking" in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article J Acoust Soc Am · February 2000 An extensive physiological literature, including experimental and clinical studies in humans, demonstrates that activation of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent system, by either contralateral sound or electrical stimulation, can produce significant a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pattern of long-distance projections from fetal hippocampal field CA3 and CA1 cell grafts in lesioned CA3 of adult hippocampus follows intrinsic character of respective donor cells.

Journal Article Neuroscience · 2000 Fetal hippocampal grafts transplanted to the lesioned CA3 of adult hippocampus can extend axonal projections to many regions of the host brain. However, the identity of grafted cells that project to specific host regions is unknown. We hypothesize that the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surgical correction of lumbar kyphotic deformity: posterior reduction "eggshell" osteotomy.

Journal Article J Neurosurg · January 2000 Featured Publication OBJECT: Progressive kyphotic deformity of the lumbar or thoracolumbar spine may lead to back pain, cosmetic deformity, and risk of neurological compromise. The authors describe a series of patients in whom they performed a single-stage, posterior reduction ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aging impairs axonal sprouting response of dentate granule cells following target loss and partial deafferentation.

Journal Article J Comp Neurol · November 15, 1999 Compared to other brain regions, the hippocampus shows considerable susceptibility to the aging process. Aging may impair the compensatory plastic response of hippocampal neurons following lesions, target loss, and/or deafferentation. We hypothesize that s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendrites of classes of hippocampal neurons differ in structural complexity and branching patterns.

Journal Article J Comp Neurol · November 1, 1999 Dendrites of reconstructed hippocampal neurons were analyzed for morphometric, topologic, and fractal parameters (n = 32 quantities) to investigate neuronal groupings and growth characteristics with a common set of assumptions. The structures studied inclu ... Link to item Cite

Age and dose-dependent effects of ethanol on the induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation.

Journal Article Alcohol · October 1999 Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is strongly associated with the acquisition of spatial memory and is attenuated by ethanol. Recent studies have shown that the inhibitory potency of ethanol against n-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated syna ... Full text Link to item Cite

GABAB-Receptor-mediated currents in interneurons of the dentate-hilus border.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · September 1999 GABA(B)-receptor-mediated inhibition was investigated in anatomically identified inhibitory interneurons located at the border between the dentate gyrus granule cell layer and hilus. Biocytin staining was used to visualize the morphology of recorded cells. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vulnerability of the dentate gyrus to aging and intracerebroventricular administration of kainic acid.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · August 1999 The hippocampal formation is highly vulnerable to the aging process, demonstrating functional alterations in circuitry with aging. Aging may also change the sensitivity of the hippocampal formation to excitotoxic lesions. In this study, using young adult, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of intrinsic optical signals to monitor physiological changes in brain tissue slices.

Journal Article Methods · June 1999 Optical imaging techniques have the potential to bring a combination of high spatial and temporal resolution to studies of brain function. Many optical techniques require the addition of a dye or fluorescent marker to the tissue, and such methods have prov ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurite outgrowth from progeny of epidermal growth factor-responsive hippocampal stem cells is significantly less robust than from fetal hippocampal cells following grafting onto organotypic hippocampal slice cultures: effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Journal Article J Neurobiol · February 15, 1999 Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-responsive stem cells from both developing and adult central nervous system (CNS) can be expanded and induced to differentiate into neurons and glia in vitro. Because of their self-renewal and multipotent properties, these cel ... Full text Link to item Cite

An on-line archive of reconstructed hippocampal neurons.

Journal Article J Neurosci Methods · October 1, 1998 We have developed an on-line archive of neuronal geometry to encourage the use of realistic dendritic structures in morphometry and for neuronal modeling, located at web address www.neuro.soton.ac.uk. Initially we have included full three-dimensional repre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Similar propagation of SD and hypoxic SD-like depolarization in rat hippocampus recorded optically and electrically.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · September 1998 Neuron membrane changes and ion redistribution during normoxic spreading depression (SD) induced, for example, by potassium injection, closely resemble those that occur during hypoxic SD-like depolarization (HSD) induced by oxygen withdrawal, but the degre ... Full text Link to item Cite

An on-line archive of hippocampal neuronal morphology

Journal Article JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON · September 1, 1998 Link to item Cite

Changes in dendritic structure and function following hippocampal lesions: correlations with developmental events?

Journal Article Prog Neurobiol · August 1998 Recovery after nervous system lesions may lead to partial re-institution of developmental schemes and processes. Here we review several of these proposed schemes, with the conclusion that though some processes may involve re-expression of embryonic phenoty ... Full text Link to item Cite

Morphological features of the entorhinal-hippocampal connection.

Journal Article Prog Neurobiol · August 1998 The goal of this review in an overview of the structural elements of the entorhinal-hippocampal connection. The development of the dendrites of hippocampal neurons will be outlined in relation to afferent pathway specificity and the mature dendritic struct ... Full text Link to item Cite

In vitro survival and differentiation of neurons derived from epidermal growth factor-responsive postnatal hippocampal stem cells: inducing effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Journal Article J Neurobiol · June 15, 1998 Featured Publication Neural stem cells proliferate in vitro and form neurospheres in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF), and are capable of differentiating into both neurons and glia when exposed to a substrate. We hypothesize that specific neurotrophic factors indu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hippocampal interneurons expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase and calcium-binding proteins decrease with aging in Fischer 344 rats.

Journal Article J Comp Neurol · May 4, 1998 Aging leads to alterations in the function and plasticity of hippocampal circuitry in addition to behavioral changes. To identify critical alterations in the substrate for inhibitory circuitry as a function of aging, we evaluated the numbers of hippocampal ... Link to item Cite

Prenatal dietary choline supplementation decreases the threshold for induction of long-term potentiation in young adult rats.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · April 1998 Choline supplementation during gestation in rats leads to augmentation of spatial memory in adulthood. We hypothesized that prenatal (E12-E17) choline supplementation in the rat would lead to an enhancement of hippocampal synaptic plasticity as assessed by ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendritic properties of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in the rat: intracellular staining in vivo and in vitro.

Journal Article J Comp Neurol · February 16, 1998 Dendritic morphology and passive cable properties determine many aspects of synaptic integration in complex neurons, together with voltage-dependent membrane conductances. We investigated dendritic properties of CA1 pyramidal neurons intracellularly labele ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interneurons of the dentate-hilus border of the rat dentate gyrus: morphological and electrophysiological heterogeneity.

Journal Article J Neurosci · June 1, 1997 Interneurons located near the border of the dentate granule cell layer and the hilus were studied in hippocampal slices using whole-cell current clamp and biocytin staining. Because these interneurons exhibit both morphological and electrophysiological div ... Full text Link to item Cite

Excitatory synaptic site heterogeneity during paired pulse plasticity in CA1 pyramidal cells in rat hippocampus in vitro.

Journal Article J Physiol · April 15, 1997 1. The properties of individual excitatory synaptic sites onto adult CA1 hippocampal neurons were investigated using paired pulse minimal stimulation and low noise whole-cell recordings. Non-NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic responses were isolated using a p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fetal hippocampal cells grafted to kainate-lesioned CA3 region of adult hippocampus suppress aberrant supragranular sprouting of host mossy fibers.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · February 1997 Selective lesion of the rat hippocampus using an intracerebroventricular administration of kainic acid (KA) represents an animal model for studying both lesion recovery and temporal lobe epilepsy. This KA lesion leads initially to loss of CA3 hippocampal n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of long-distance efferent projections from fetal hippocampal grafts depends upon pathway specificity and graft location in kainate-lesioned adult hippocampus.

Journal Article Neuroscience · February 1997 Fetal hippocampal cells grafted into the excitotoxically lesioned hippocampus of adult rats are capable of extending axonal projections into the host brain. We hypothesize that the axonal growth of grafted fetal cells into specific host targets, and the es ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of fetal hippocampal grafts in intact and lesioned hippocampus.

Journal Article Prog Neurobiol · December 1996 Functional recovery observed in Parkinson's disease patients following grafting of fetal substantia nigra has encouraged the development of similar grafting therapy for other neurological disorders. Fetal hippocampal grafting paradigms are of considerable ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increased dendritic extent in hippocampal CA1 neurons from aged F344 rats.

Journal Article Neurobiol Aging · 1996 Age-related dendritic alterations were evaluated in F344 rats following a water maze assessment of spatial memory. Based on the probe trial times, 39% of the aged animals were designated impaired. CA1 pyramidal neurons were labeled intracellularly with neu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intracerebroventricular kainic acid administration in adult rat alters hippocampal calbindin and non-phosphorylated neurofilament expression.

Journal Article J Comp Neurol · December 25, 1995 Calbindin and non-phosphorylated neurofilament proteins were assessed in hippocampus following a unilateral intracerebroventricular kainic acid injection at 4, 26, and 60 days post-lesion, using immunocytochemical expression. The density of calbindin-posit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Conformal radiation therapy with fixed shaped coplanar or noncoplanar radiation beam bouquets: a possible alternative to radiosurgery.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · December 1, 1995 PURPOSE: Three-dimensional (3D) geometric conformation of the therapeutic dose volume to the shape of a target tissue volume is the motivation for both conformal radiotherapy and radiosurgery. Although noncoplanar arcs have a clear physical and geometric a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glomus jugulare tumor metastatic to the sacrum after high-dose radiation therapy: case report.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · November 1995 A 47-year-old woman with left ear pain and hearing loss was diagnosed with a glomus jugulare tumor for which she received radiation therapy as the primary treatment. Over a period of 20 years, she developed temporal bone necrosis, brain stem calcifications ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective laser-activated lesioning of prelabeled fetal hippocampal grafts by intracellular photolytic chromophore.

Journal Article Neuroscience · November 1995 Selective removal of grafted tissue is critical to assess the functional role of that tissue in the host, yet is technically difficult for well-dispersed neural grafts. We labeled fetal hippocampal cells with both a nuclear marker (5'-bromodeoxyuridine) an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical mapping of translucence changes in rat hippocampal slices during hypoxia.

Journal Article Neurosci Lett · August 11, 1995 We have evaluated the effects of hypoxia on changes in light transmittance (delta T/T) in rat hippocampal interface slices at 36 degrees C, using a digital imaging system. Slice translucence increased only slightly (delta T/T = 4.65% in CA1; control 2.27%) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced cell survival in fetal hippocampal suspension transplants grafted to adult rat hippocampus following kainate lesions: a three-dimensional graft reconstruction study.

Journal Article Neuroscience · August 1995 The success of fetal neural transplantation in alleviating neurological dysfunction depends significantly on the degree of graft cellular survival and dispersion within the host. We hypothesize that various lesion-induced host factors, such as trophic supp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Morphometric and electrical properties of reconstructed hippocampal CA3 neurons recorded in vivo.

Journal Article J Comp Neurol · June 12, 1995 CA3 pyramidal neurons were stained with biocytin during intracellular recording in rat hippocampus in vivo and reconstructed using a computer-based system. The in vivo CA3 neurons were characterized primarily according to their proximity to the hilus and s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Non-phosphorylated neurofilament protein immunoreactivity in adult and developing rat hippocampus: specificity and application in grafting studies.

Journal Article Brain Res · April 10, 1995 Neurofilament proteins are critical to the development and maintenance of neuronal shape in the nervous system. These proteins are developmentally regulated and several transition forms are expressed, prior to full neuronal stabilization. We have studied t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Computer simulations of morphologically reconstructed CA3 hippocampal neurons.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · March 1995 1. We tested several hypotheses with respect to the mechanisms and processes that control the firing characteristics and determine the spatial and temporal dynamics of intracellular Ca2+ in CA3 hippocampal neurons. In particular, we were interested to know ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reactive astrocytes express the embryonic intermediate neurofilament nestin.

Journal Article Neuroreport · October 3, 1994 Nestin is a neurofilament protein expressed by the immediate precursors to neurons and glia in rats and humans. Nestin immunoreactivity in the rat CNS was studied following kainic acid (KA) hippocampal lesions. Numerous nestin positive cells within the KA ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative estimation of cryopreservation viability in rat fetal hippocampal cells.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · October 1994 Cryopreserved fetal tissue may be useful for neural grafting, but quantitation of yield is crucial for estimating cell transplant requirements. We have assessed cell survival and viability following dissociation, cryopreservation, and culture of rat fetal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Denervation-induced dendritic alterations in CA1 pyramidal cells following kainic acid hippocampal lesions in rats.

Journal Article Brain Res · August 1, 1994 Kainic acid (KA) lesions of the CA3 region of the hippocampus lead to denervation of ipsilateral CA1 neurons. To assess denervation-induced post-synaptic changes, intracellular physiological recordings were performed in the CA1 region in vitro, from both c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative graft integration of fetal hippocampal transplants labeled with 5' bromodeoxyuridine into normal adult hippocampus.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · April 1994 Quantitative studies of neural graft development require: (1) a cell label which is both preferential for neurons and can be measured in terms of specific labeling; (2) a serial reconstruction method for identifying labeled cells in a three-dimensional pat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relative risks of ventriculostomy infection and morbidity.

Journal Article Acta Neurochir (Wien) · 1994 Ventricular catheter placement is a common procedure for the management of increased intracranial pressure. Hypotheses regarding the etiology of infection of catheters center on two alternative assumptions: 1) contamination leading to infection occurs at t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fetal transplants in rat hippocampus following kainic acid lesions: influence of post-lesion delay on graft survival and integration.

Journal Article Restor Neurol Neurosci · January 1, 1994 Host brain receptivity to fetal hippocampal grafts was investigated following transplantation into unilateral kainic acid (KA) lesions of adult rat hippocampus. E18-E19 hippocampal cell suspensions were labeled with rhodamine dextran amine and transplanted ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of fetal hippocampal grafts on lesions induced by intraventricular infusion of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) into rats.

Journal Article Restor Neurol Neurosci · January 1, 1994 Effects of fetal hippocampal transplants were evaluated following a prolonged intraventricular excitotoxic lesion (1.0 mg of N-methyl-D-aspartate over two weeks infusion) in F344 rats. The septum and ipsilateral hippocampus (CA1 and dentate regions) showed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Scientific and ethical concerns in neural fetal tissue transplantation.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · December 1993 This report presents a brief overview of the medical and ethical issues involved with the procurement, preparation, safety, efficacy, and subject protection of human fetal central nervous system tissue in the context of neural transplantation. The ethical ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of neuronal morphology in adrenal chromaffin cells cocultured with denervated Schwann cells.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · June 1993 We have studied the interactions of adrenal chromaffin and Schwann cells in a coculture system to observe whether denervated Schwann cells induce and support chromaffin cell differentiation in a manner analogous to nerve growth factor (NGF). Schwann cells ... Full text Link to item Cite

3-dimensional optimization of multiple arcs for stereotactic radiosurgery.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · April 30, 1993 PURPOSE: During linear accelerator-based radiosurgery, the physicians and physicists need to determine which combination of treatment arcs are "best" with regard to target coverage and incidental dose to adjacent structures. This is a complex problem, espe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bayesian analysis of mixtures applied to post-synaptic potential fluctuations.

Journal Article J Neurosci Methods · April 1993 Bayesian inference techniques have been applied to the analysis of fluctuation of post-synaptic potentials in the hippocampus. The underlying statistical model assumes that the varying synaptic signals are characterized by mixtures of (unknown) numbers of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fontal lobe function and dysfunction.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · January 1, 1993 Full text Cite

Age-related alterations in potentiation in the CA1 region in F344 rats.

Journal Article Neurobiol Aging · 1993 F344 rats of various ages (2-3 months, 15-16 months, and 24-25 months) were tested on a spatial memory task. The 15- and 24-month-old rat groups showed impaired acquisition and retention of the memory task, compared to the young animals. Extracellular fiel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluorescent labeling of dissociated fetal cells for tissue culture.

Journal Article J Neurosci Methods · August 1992 The ability to pre-label cells used in transplantation experiments would have the potential benefits of identification of cell type and associated processes and the analysis of graft migration in the host. We have used an in vitro tissue culture system as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anatomical and physiological localization of prelabeled grafts in rat hippocampus.

Journal Article Exp Neurol · May 1992 Dissociated rat fetal hippocampal cells were grafted into normal adult rats. The fetal cells were incubated with one of a number of fluorescent compounds at the time of the dissociation to facilitate identification of the individual grafted cells. The fluo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sustained release of nerve growth factor from biodegradable polymer microspheres.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · March 1992 Although grafted adrenal medullary tissue to the striatum has been used both experimentally and clinically in parkinsonism, there is a definite need to augment long-term survival. Infusion of nerve growth factor (NGF) or implantation of NGF-rich tissue int ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced hemiparkinsonism on the kinematics of a two-dimensional,multijoint arm movement in the rhesus monkey.

Journal Article Neuroscience · 1992 The effects of the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on the kinematics of two-dimensional arm movements in the primate were studied. Two rhesus monkeys were trained to move a manipulandum at various dista ... Full text Link to item Cite

Excitatory synaptic potentials in kainic acid-denervated rat CA1 pyramidal neurons.

Journal Article J Neurosci · September 1991 Intracellular recordings were performed in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus following an ipsilateral intraventricular injection of kainic acid. Seven days postlesion, graded bursts of up to four action potentials could be evoked by stimulation of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · August 15, 1991 BACKGROUND: Without strong evidence of benefit, the use of carotid endarterectomy for prophylaxis against stroke rose dramatically until the mid-1980s, then declined. Our investigation sought to determine whether carotid endarterectomy reduces the risk of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spatial performance correlates with in vitro potentiation in young and aged Fischer 344 rats.

Journal Article Brain Res · July 19, 1991 Young adult (2-4 months old) and aged (24-26 months old) Fischer 344 (F344) rats were trained for spatial behavior (locating a hidden escape platform) in a circular water maze. The aged rats showed deficits in both the acquisition and retention of the lear ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functional elongation of CA1 hippocampal neurons with aging in Fischer 344 rats.

Journal Article Neurobiol Aging · 1991 Dendritic function of CA1 pyramidal cells was measured during intracellular recording in vitro and correlated with in vivo behavior in Fischer 344 rats. The aged rats (greater than 26 months) were significantly impaired on a water maze test of hippocampal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lesioning of the striatum reverses motor asymmetry in the 6-hydroxydopamine rodent model of parkinsonism.

Journal Article J Neural Transplant Plast · 1991 In the rat several paradigms of grafting of adrenal medulla into the striatum were studied following the induction of a parkinsonian model, using a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the substantia nigra. Direct autologous grafting of adrenal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Data acquisition and analysis system for intracellular neuronal signals.

Journal Article J Neurosci Methods · December 1990 A comprehensive system for the acquisition and analysis of neurophysiological data is described, with a focus on intracellular data. The software comprising the system will evaluate a number of neuronal signals, including intracellular as well as extracell ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk of late stroke and survival following carotid endarterectomy procedures for symptomatic patients.

Journal Article J Neurosurg · August 1990 The long-term outcome following carotid endarterectomy for neurological symptoms was analyzed using a retrospective life-table approach in 212 patients who had undergone 243 endarterectomy procedures. The postoperative follow-up period averaged 38.9 +/- 2. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feed-forward inhibitory potentials and excitatory interactions in guinea-pig hippocampal pyramidal cells.

Journal Article J Physiol · March 1990 1. The patterns of inhibition in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus were evaluated by focal proximal and distal stratum radiatum stimulation, during intracellular recording. The characteristics of isolated inhibitory responses and the interactions of ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of passive cable model predictions and physiologic measurements of CA1 hippocampal neurons

Journal Article Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings · December 1, 1989 A passive dendritic cable model, derived from the detailed structure of CA1 pyramidal neurons, has been used to compare predictions of electrotonic length, synaptic potential generation and dendritic conduction with physiologic measurements. Comparison of ... Cite

Normal pressure hydrocephalus and dementia--evaluation and treatment.

Journal Article Clin Geriatr Med · November 1988 The evaluation of dementia usually includes a consideration of normal pressure hydrocephalus, which may be a treatable aspect of the patient's cognitive dysfunction. This article outlines clinical syndromes, standard radiologic evaluation, and newer diagno ... Link to item Cite

Waveform and amplitude characteristics of evoked responses to dendritic stimulation of CA1 guinea-pig pyramidal cells.

Journal Article J Physiol · January 1988 1. Dendritic synaptic responses were evoked in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells using a microstimulation protocol which included focal excitation of proximal and distal apical afferents. Ensembles of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) were analysed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Symptomatic intracranial pneumatocele from mastoid sinus of spontaneous origin. Case report.

Journal Article J Neurosurg · November 1987 A case of a large intracranial pneumatocele arising from mastoid air cells is reported. The patient became symptomatic after multiple coughing spells and required craniotomy for repair of the dural hiatus. The possible etiology of such a large spontaneous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Segmental cable evaluation of somatic transients in hippocampal neurons (CA1, CA3, and dentate).

Journal Article Biophys J · July 1984 This study describes a detailed cable model of neuronal structure, which can predict the effects of discrete transient inputs. Neurons in in vitro hippocampal slices (CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells and dentate granule neurons; n = 4 each) were physiologically ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrical characteristics of dendrites and dendritic spines in intracellularly stained CA3 and dentate hippocampal neurons.

Journal Article J Neurosci · November 1983 Theoretical parameters of synaptic efficacy were studied in a detailed cable model of in vitro hippocampal neurons. CA3 pyramidal cells (n = 9) and dentate granule neurons (n = 6) were injected with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) after brief physiological an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Studies of human and monkey "epileptic" neocortex in the in vitro slice preparation.

Journal Article Ann Neurol · March 1983 The in vitro slice technique was used to study neuronal activity in human cortical tissue removed during neurosurgical procedures for intractable epilepsy and in monkey neocortex rendered epileptogenic by injection of alumina gel. In both cases, biopsies w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cerebellar hemorrhage as evaluated by computerized tomography.

Journal Article West J Med · March 1982 Nine patients with cerebellar hemorrhage were examined initially with computerized tomographic (CT) scanning. CT appearance in combination with clinical state determined therapy. The most common presenting symptoms were headache, ataxia and vomiting, usual ... Link to item Cite

Temporal lobectomy for epilepsy: mesial temporal herniation as an operative and prognostic finding.

Journal Article Epilepsia · December 1981 A Series of 23 patients who underwent unilateral temporal lobectomy for complex partial seizures, with a minimum 1 1/2-year follow-up, is reviewed. The most common pathological finding was mesial temporal sclerosis (52%), and this category represents the b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendritic analysis of lobster stretch receptor neurons: electrotonic properties with single and distributed inputs.

Journal Article Cell Mol Neurobiol · June 1981 Using steady-state cable analysis as derived by Rall, electrotonic properties of the dendritic trees of the tonic stretch receptor neurons of the spiny lobster. Panulirus interruptus, have been examined. By directly measuring the somatic input resistance a ... Full text Link to item Cite